Judges 18:17

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Judges.18.17", "source": "וֽ͏ַיַּעֲל֞וּ חֲמֵ֣שֶׁת הָאֲנָשִׁ֗ים הַהֹלְכִים֮ לְרַגֵּ֣ל אֶת־הָאָרֶץ֒ בָּ֣אוּ שָׁ֔מָּה לָקְח֗וּ אֶת־הַפֶּ֙סֶל֙ וְאֶת־הָ֣אֵפ֔וֹד וְאֶת־הַתְּרָפִ֖ים וְאֶת־הַמַּסֵּכָ֑ה וְהַכֹּהֵ֗ן נִצָּב֙ פֶּ֣תַח הַשַּׁ֔עַר וְשֵׁשׁ־מֵא֣וֹת הָאִ֔ישׁ הֶחָג֖וּר כְּלֵ֥י הַמִּלְחָמָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyaʿălû* five of *hāʾănāšîm* the *hahōlĕkîm* to *lĕraggēl* *ʾet*-the land *bāʾû* there, *lāqĕḥû* *ʾet*-the *happesel* and *ʾet*-the *hāʾēpôd* and *ʾet*-the *hattĕrāpîm* and *ʾet*-the *hammassēkâ*. And the *hakkōhēn* *niṣṣāb* *petaḥ* the *haššaʿar* and six-hundred the *hāʾîš* the *heḥāgûr* *kĕlê* the *hammilḥāmâ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿălû*": "waw-consecutive + 3rd masculine plural, qal imperfect - they went up", "*hāʾănāšîm*": "definite, masculine plural noun - the men", "*hahōlĕkîm*": "definite, qal participle, masculine plural - the ones going", "*lĕraggēl*": "preposition + piel infinitive construct - to spy out", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bāʾû*": "3rd masculine plural, qal perfect - they came/entered", "*lāqĕḥû*": "3rd masculine plural, qal perfect - they took", "*happesel*": "definite, masculine singular noun - the carved image", "*hāʾēpôd*": "definite, masculine singular noun - the ephod", "*hattĕrāpîm*": "definite, masculine plural noun - the teraphim", "*hammassēkâ*": "definite, feminine singular noun - the molten image", "*hakkōhēn*": "definite, masculine singular noun - the priest", "*niṣṣāb*": "niphal participle, masculine singular - standing/stationed", "*petaḥ*": "masculine singular construct - entrance of", "*haššaʿar*": "definite, masculine singular noun - the gate", "*hāʾîš*": "definite, masculine singular noun (collective) - the men", "*heḥāgûr*": "definite, qal passive participle, masculine singular (collective) - the equipped/girded", "*kĕlê*": "masculine plural construct - weapons of", "*hammilḥāmâ*": "definite, feminine singular noun - the war/battle" }, "variants": { "*happesel*": "carved image/graven image/idol", "*hāʾēpôd*": "priestly garment/vestment used for divination", "*hattĕrāpîm*": "household gods/idols/objects of divination", "*hammassēkâ*": "cast metal image/molten idol" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וֽ͏ַיַּעֲל֞וּ חֲמֵ֣שֶׁת הָאֲנָשִׁ֗ים הַהֹלְכִים֮ לְרַגֵּ֣ל אֶת־הָאָרֶץ֒ בָּ֣אוּ שָׁ֔מָּה לָקְח֗וּ אֶת־הַפֶּ֙סֶל֙ וְאֶת־הָ֣אֵפ֔וֹד וְאֶת־הַתְּרָפִ֖ים וְאֶת־הַמַּסֵּכָ֑ה וְהַכֹּהֵ֗ן נִצָּב֙ פֶּ֣תַח הַשַּׁ֔עַר וְשֵׁשׁ־מֵא֣וֹת הָאִ֔ישׁ הֶחָג֖וּר כְּלֵ֥י הַמִּלְחָמָֽה׃

Transliteration

And wayyaʿălû five of hāʾănāšîm the hahōlĕkîm to lĕraggēl ʾet-the land bāʾû there, lāqĕḥû ʾet-the happesel and ʾet-the hāʾēpôd and ʾet-the hattĕrāpîm and ʾet-the hammassēkâ. And the hakkōhēn niṣṣāb petaḥ the haššaʿar and six-hundred the hāʾîš the heḥāgûr kĕlê the hammilḥāmâ.

Grammar Details

• *wayyaʿălû*: waw-consecutive + 3rd masculine plural, qal imperfect - they went up
• *hāʾănāšîm*: definite, masculine plural noun - the men
• *hahōlĕkîm*: definite, qal participle, masculine plural - the ones going
• *lĕraggēl*: preposition + piel infinitive construct - to spy out
• *ʾet*: direct object marker
• *bāʾû*: 3rd masculine plural, qal perfect - they came/entered
• *lāqĕḥû*: 3rd masculine plural, qal perfect - they took
• *happesel*: definite, masculine singular noun - the carved image
• *hāʾēpôd*: definite, masculine singular noun - the ephod
• *hattĕrāpîm*: definite, masculine plural noun - the teraphim
• *hammassēkâ*: definite, feminine singular noun - the molten image
• *hakkōhēn*: definite, masculine singular noun - the priest
• *niṣṣāb*: niphal participle, masculine singular - standing/stationed
• *petaḥ*: masculine singular construct - entrance of
• *haššaʿar*: definite, masculine singular noun - the gate
• *hāʾîš*: definite, masculine singular noun (collective) - the men
• *heḥāgûr*: definite, qal passive participle, masculine singular (collective) - the equipped/girded
• *kĕlê*: masculine plural construct - weapons of
• *hammilḥāmâ*: definite, feminine singular noun - the war/battle

Word Meanings

• *happesel*: carved image/graven image/idol
• *hāʾēpôd*: priestly garment/vestment used for divination
• *hattĕrāpîm*: household gods/idols/objects of divination
• *hammassēkâ*: cast metal image/molten idol

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  The five men who had gone to scout the land went inside and took the carved image, the ephod, the household gods, and the cast idol, while the priest stood at the entrance of the gate with the six hundred armed men.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And the five men that went to spy out the land went up, and came in thither, and took the graven image, and the ephod, and the teraphim, and the molten image: and the priest stood in the entering of the gate with the six hundred men that were appointed with weapons of war.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And the five men who went to spy out the land went up and entered there and took the carved image, the ephod, the teraphim, and the molten image, while the priest stood by the entrance of the gate with the six hundred men armed with weapons of war.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And the five men that went to spy out the land went up, and came in thither, and took the graven image, and the ephod, and the teraphim, and the molten image: and the priest stood in the entering of the gate with the six hundred men that were appointed with weapons of war.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And the five men that went to spy out the land went up, and came in thither, and took the graven image, and the ephod, and the teraphim, and the molten image: and the priest stood by the entrance of the gate with the six hundred men girt with weapons of war.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And the five men that went to spy out the land went up, and came in thither, and took the graven image, and the ephod, and the teraphim, and the molten image: and the priest stood in the entering of the gate with the six hundred men that were appointed with weapons of war.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And the fyue men that were gone out to spye ye londe, wete vp, and came thither, and toke the ymage, the ouerbody cote, & the molten Idols. In the meane whyle stode ye prest at the gate, with the sixe hundreth readye harnessed.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Then the fiue men that went to spie out the land, went in thither, and tooke the grauen image and the Ephod, and the Teraphim, and the molten image: and the Priest stoode in the entring of the gate with the sixe hundreth men, that were appointed with weapons of warre,

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And the fiue men that went to spye out the lande, went in thyther, & toke the graue image, & the Ephod, Theraphim, and the moulten image: (And the priest stoode in the entryng of the gate with the sixe hundred men that were appointed with weapons of warre.)

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And the five men that went to spy out the land went up, [and] came in thither, [and] took the graven image, and the ephod, and the teraphim, and the molten image: and the priest stood in the entering of the gate with the six hundred men [that were] appointed with weapons of war.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  The five men who went to spy out the land went up, and came in there, and took the engraved image, and the ephod, and the teraphim, and the molten image: and the priest stood by the entrance of the gate with the six hundred men girt with weapons of war.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  yea, the five men, those going to traverse the land, go up -- they have come in thither -- they have taken the graven image, and the ephod, and the teraphim, and the molten image -- and the priest is standing at the opening of the gate, and the six hundred men who are girded with weapons of war --

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And the five men that went to spy out the land went up, and came in thither, and took the graven image, and the ephod, and the teraphim, and the molten image: and the priest stood by the entrance of the gate with the six hundred men girt with weapons of war.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And the five men that went to spy out the land went up, and came in thither, and took the graven image, and the ephod, and the teraphim, and the molten image: and the priest stood by the entrance of the gate with the six hundred men girt with weapons of war.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Then the five men who had gone to make a search through the land, went in and took the pictured image and the ephod and the family gods and the metal image; and the priest was by the doorway with the six hundred armed men.

• World English Bible (2000)

  The five men who went to spy out the land went up, and came in there, and took the engraved image, and the ephod, and the teraphim, and the molten image: and the priest stood by the entrance of the gate with the six hundred men girt with weapons of war.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  The five men who had gone to spy out the land broke in and stole the carved image, the ephod, the personal idols, and the metal image, while the priest was standing at the entrance to the gate with the six hundred fully armed men.

Referenced Verses

• Judg 18:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Judges.18.14", "source": "וַֽיַּעֲנ֞וּ חֲמֵ֣שֶׁת הָאֲנָשִׁ֗ים הַהֹלְכִים֮ לְרַגֵּל֮ אֶת־הָאָ֣רֶץ לַיִשׁ֒ וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ אֶל־אֲחֵיהֶ֔ם הַיְדַעְתֶּ֗ם כִּ֠י יֵ֣שׁ בַּבָּתִּ֤ים הָאֵ֙לֶּה֙ אֵפ֣וֹד וּתְרָפִ֔ים וּפֶ֖סֶל וּמַסֵּכָ֑ה וְעַתָּ֖ה דְּע֥וּ מַֽה־תַּעֲשֽׂוּ׃", "text": "And *wayyaʿănû* five of *hāʾănāšîm* the *hahōlĕkîm* to *lĕraggēl* *ʾet*-the land *lāyiš* and *wayyōʾmĕrû* to-*ʾăḥêhem* the *hayĕdaʿtem* that *yēš* in-the houses the these *ʾēpôd* and *tĕrāpîm* and *pesel* and *massēkâ* and now *dĕʿû* what-*taʿăśû*.", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿănû*": "waw-consecutive + 3rd plural, qal imperfect - answered", "*hāʾănāšîm*": "definite, masculine plural - the men", "*hahōlĕkîm*": "definite, qal participle, masculine plural - the ones going/walking", "*lĕraggēl*": "preposition + piel infinitive construct - to spy out", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*lāyiš*": "preposition + proper noun - to Laish", "*wayyōʾmĕrû*": "waw-consecutive + 3rd plural, qal imperfect - and they said", "*ʾăḥêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their brothers", "*hayĕdaʿtem*": "interrogative particle + 2nd masculine plural, qal perfect - do you know?", "*yēš*": "existential particle - there is/are", "*ʾēpôd*": "masculine singular noun - ephod (priestly garment)", "*tĕrāpîm*": "masculine plural noun - teraphim (household idols)", "*pesel*": "masculine singular noun - carved image/idol", "*massēkâ*": "feminine singular noun - cast image/molten idol", "*dĕʿû*": "2nd masculine plural, qal imperative - know!", "*taʿăśû*": "2nd masculine plural, qal imperfect - you will do" }, "variants": { "*ʾēpôd*": "priestly garment/sacred vestment used for divination", "*tĕrāpîm*": "household gods/idols/objects of divination", "*pesel*": "carved image/graven image/idol", "*massēkâ*": "cast metal image/molten idol" } }
• Judg 17:4-5 : 4 { "verseID": "Judges.17.4", "source": "וַיָּ֥שֶׁב אֶת־הַכֶּ֖סֶף לְאִמּ֑וֹ וַתִּקַּ֣ח אִמּוֹ֩ מָאתַ֨יִם כֶּ֜סֶף וַתִּתְּנֵ֣הוּ לַצּוֹרֵ֗ף וַֽיַּעֲשֵׂ֙הוּ֙ פֶּ֣סֶל וּמַסֵּכָ֔ה וַיְהִ֖י בְּבֵ֥ית מִיכָֽיְהוּ׃", "text": "And *wayyāšeḇ* *ʾet*-*hakkesep̄* to *ʾimmô* and *wattiqqaḥ* *ʾimmô* two hundred *kesep̄* and *wattittĕnēhû* to *haṣṣôrēp̄* and *wayyaʿăśēhû* *pesel* and *massēḵâ* and *wayhî* in *bêt* *mîḵāyĕhû*.", "grammar": { "*wayyāšeḇ*": "waw-consecutive + 3rd masculine singular hiphil imperfect of *šûḇ* - and he returned", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*hakkesep̄*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the silver", "*ʾimmô*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his mother", "*wattiqqaḥ*": "waw-consecutive + 3rd feminine singular qal imperfect of *lāqaḥ* - and she took", "*kesep̄*": "masculine singular noun - silver", "*wattittĕnēhû*": "waw-consecutive + 3rd feminine singular qal imperfect of *nātan* + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and she gave it", "*haṣṣôrēp̄*": "definite article + masculine singular qal participle of *ṣārap̄* - the metalsmith/silversmith", "*wayyaʿăśēhû*": "waw-consecutive + 3rd masculine singular qal imperfect of *ʿāśâ* + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he made it", "*pesel*": "masculine singular noun - carved image/idol", "*massēḵâ*": "feminine singular noun - cast metal image/molten idol", "*wayhî*": "waw-consecutive + 3rd masculine singular qal imperfect of *hāyâ* - and it was", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct - house of", "*mîḵāyĕhû*": "proper noun - Micayehu (Micah)" }, "variants": { "*haṣṣôrēp̄*": "silversmith/metalsmith/refiner/goldsmith", "*pesel*": "carved image/idol/graven image", "*massēḵâ*": "molten image/cast idol/metal statue" } } 5 { "verseID": "Judges.17.5", "source": "וְהָאִ֣ישׁ מִיכָ֔ה ל֖וֹ בֵּ֣ית אֱלֹהִ֑ים וַיַּ֤עַשׂ אֵפוֹד֙ וּתְרָפִ֔ים וַיְמַלֵּ֗א אֶת־יַ֤ד אַחַד֙ מִבָּנָ֔יו וַיְהִי־ל֖וֹ לְכֹהֵֽן׃", "text": "And *hāʾîš* *mîḵâ* to him *bêt* *ʾĕlōhîm* and *wayyaʿaś* *ʾēp̄ôd* and *tĕrāp̄îm* and *waymalēʾ* *ʾet*-*yad* one of *mibānāyw* and *wayhî*-to him *lĕḵōhēn*.", "grammar": { "*hāʾîš*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the man", "*mîḵâ*": "proper noun - Micah (shortened form)", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct - house of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - God/gods", "*wayyaʿaś*": "waw-consecutive + 3rd masculine singular qal imperfect of *ʿāśâ* - and he made", "*ʾēp̄ôd*": "masculine singular noun - ephod", "*tĕrāp̄îm*": "masculine plural noun - teraphim/household idols", "*waymalēʾ*": "waw-consecutive + 3rd masculine singular piel imperfect of *mālēʾ* - and he filled", "*yad*": "feminine singular construct - hand of", "*mibānāyw*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - of his sons", "*wayhî*": "waw-consecutive + 3rd masculine singular qal imperfect of *hāyâ* - and he became", "*lĕḵōhēn*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - as priest" }, "variants": { "*bêt ʾĕlōhîm*": "house of God/gods/shrine/sanctuary", "*ʾēp̄ôd*": "priestly garment/divination object/sacred vestment", "*tĕrāp̄îm*": "household idols/divine images/objects used for divination", "*waymalēʾ ʾet-yad*": "idiomatic expression meaning 'to ordain/consecrate/install'" } }
• Judg 18:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Judges.18.2", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלְח֣וּ בְנֵי־דָ֣ן ׀ מִֽמִּשְׁפַּחְתָּ֡ם חֲמִשָּׁ֣ה אֲנָשִׁ֣ים מִקְצוֹתָם֩ אֲנָשִׁ֨ים בְּנֵי־חַ֜יִל מִצָּרְעָ֣ה וּמֵֽאֶשְׁתָּאֹ֗ל לְרַגֵּ֤ל אֶת־הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ וּלְחָקְרָ֔הּ וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ אֲלֵהֶ֔ם לְכ֖וּ חִקְר֣וּ אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ וַיָּבֹ֤אוּ הַר־אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙ עַד־בֵּ֣ית מִיכָ֔ה וַיָּלִ֖ינוּ שָֽׁם׃", "text": "And *wayyišleḥû* *benê*-*dān* from *mišpaḥtām* five *ʾănāšîm* from *qeṣôtām* *ʾănāšîm* *benê*-*ḥayil* from *ṣoreʿâ* and from *ʾeštāʾōl* to *raggēl* *ʾet*-the *ʾāreṣ* and to *ḥāqrāh* and *wayyōʾmerû* to them *lekû* *ḥiqrû* *ʾet*-the *ʾāreṣ* and *wayyābōʾû* *har*-*ʾep̄rayim* until-*bêt* *mîkâ* and *wayyālînû* there", "grammar": { "*wayyišleḥû*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - and they sent", "*benê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*dān*": "proper noun - Dan", "*mišpaḥtām*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their family/clan", "*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - men", "*qeṣôtām*": "noun, feminine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their ends/extremities", "*benê-ḥayil*": "construct phrase - sons of valor/strength, meaning valiant men", "*ṣoreʿâ*": "proper noun - Zorah", "*ʾeštāʾōl*": "proper noun - Eshtaol", "*raggēl*": "piel infinitive construct - to spy out", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - land/earth", "*ḥāqrāh*": "qal infinitive construct + 3rd feminine singular suffix - to search/explore it", "*wayyōʾmerû*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - and they said", "*lekû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - go!", "*ḥiqrû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - search/explore!", "*wayyābōʾû*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - and they came", "*har*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mountain/hill country of", "*ʾep̄rayim*": "proper noun - Ephraim", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*mîkâ*": "proper noun - Micah", "*wayyālînû*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - and they lodged/spent the night" }, "variants": { "*mišpaḥtām*": "their family/clan/tribe", "*qeṣôtām*": "their ends/extremities/altogether", "*ḥayil*": "strength/valor/worthiness/army", "*raggēl*": "to spy out/to scout/to explore", "*ḥāqrāh*": "to search/explore/investigate it", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground/territory" } }
• Gen 31:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Genesis.31.19", "source": "וְלָבָ֣ן הָלַ֔ךְ לִגְזֹ֖ז אֶת־צֹאנ֑וֹ וַתִּגְנֹ֣ב רָחֵ֔ל אֶת־הַתְּרָפִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְאָבִֽיהָ׃", "text": "*wə-Lābān* *hālak* to *gāzaz* *ʾet*-*ṣōʾn* his, *wa-tigĕnōb* *Rāḥēl* *ʾet*-the-*tĕrāpîm* which to *ʾābîhā*.", "grammar": { "*wə-Lābān*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Laban", "*hālak*": "qal perfect, 3rd singular masculine - went/had gone", "*gāzaz*": "qal infinitive construct - to shear", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ṣōʾn*": "common noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - flock/sheep", "*wa-tigĕnōb*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd singular feminine - and she stole", "*Rāḥēl*": "proper noun - Rachel", "*tĕrāpîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - household idols/teraphim", "*ʾābîhā*": "common noun with 3rd feminine singular possessive suffix - her father" }, "variants": { "*tĕrāpîm*": "household gods/idols/divine images/figurines", "*gāzaz*": "to shear/cut/clip", "*hālak*": "went/had gone/journeyed" } }
• Exod 32:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Exodus.32.20", "source": "וַיִּקַּ֞ח אֶת־הָעֵ֨גֶל אֲשֶׁ֤ר עָשׂוּ֙ וַיִּשְׂרֹ֣ף בָּאֵ֔שׁ וַיִּטְחַ֖ן עַ֣ד אֲשֶׁר־דָּ֑ק וַיִּ֙זֶר֙ עַל־פְּנֵ֣י הַמַּ֔יִם וַיַּ֖שְׁקְ אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "And-*wayyiqqach* *'et*-the-*'egel* which *'asu* and-*wayyisrof* in-the-*'esh* and-*wayyitchan* until which-*daq* and-*wayyizer* on-*pene* the-*mayim* and-*wayyashq* *'et*-*bene* *Yisra'el*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiqqach*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - took", "*'egel*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the calf", "*'asu*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they made", "*wayyisrof*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - burned", "*'esh*": "noun, feminine singular with prefix preposition - in fire", "*wayyitchan*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - ground", "*daq*": "adjective, masculine singular - fine/thin", "*wayyizer*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - scattered", "*pene*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face of/surface of", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the water", "*wayyashq*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - made drink", "*bene*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons/children of", "*Yisra'el*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*wayyisrof*": "burned/consumed with fire", "*wayyitchan*": "ground/pulverized/crushed", "*daq*": "fine/thin/powder", "*wayyizer*": "scattered/strewed/sprinkled", "*wayyashq*": "made drink/gave to drink/forced to drink" } }
• Judg 6:31 : 31 { "verseID": "Judges.6.31", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יוֹאָ֡שׁ לְכֹל֩ אֲשֶׁר־עָמְד֨וּ עָלָ֜יו הַאַתֶּ֣ם ׀ תְּרִיב֣וּן לַבַּ֗עַל אִם־אַתֶּם֙ תּוֹשִׁיע֣וּן אוֹת֔וֹ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָרִ֥יב ל֛וֹ יוּמַ֖ת עַד־הַבֹּ֑קֶר אִם־אֱלֹהִ֥ים הוּא֙ יָ֣רֶב ל֔וֹ כִּ֥י נָתַ֖ץ אֶֽת־מִזְבְּחֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer* *Yôʾāš* to-all *ʾăšer*-*ʿāmədū* against him: \"?the-*ʾattem* *tərîḇûn* for-the-*Baʿal*? if-*ʾattem* *tôšîʿûn* him? *ʾăšer* *yārîḇ* for-him *yûmat* until-the-*bōqer*; if-*ʾělōhîm* he, *yāreḇ* for-himself *kî* *nātaṣ* *ʾet*-*mizbeḥô*\".", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*Yôʾāš*": "proper name - Joash", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who/that", "*ʿāmədū*": "perfect 3rd person plural - stood", "*ʾattem*": "2nd person masculine plural pronoun - you", "*tərîḇûn*": "imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - will contend/plead", "*Baʿal*": "proper name - Baal", "*tôšîʿûn*": "imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - will save/deliver", "*yārîḇ*": "imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - will contend", "*yûmat*": "imperfect 3rd person masculine singular passive - will be put to death", "*bōqer*": "masculine singular noun - morning", "*ʾělōhîm*": "masculine plural noun (used as singular) - God/god", "*yāreḇ*": "jussive 3rd person masculine singular - let him contend", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*nātaṣ*": "perfect 3rd person masculine singular - tore down/demolished", "*mizbeḥô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his altar" }, "variants": { "*ʿāmədū*": "stood/positioned themselves/opposed", "*tərîḇûn*": "contend/plead/fight/strive", "*tôšîʿûn*": "save/deliver/help", "*yārîḇ*": "contends/pleads/strives against", "*yûmat*": "will be put to death/shall die", "*ʾělōhîm*": "God/god/divine being", "*yāreḇ*": "let him contend/let him fight his own battle" } }
• 1 Sam 4:11 : 11 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.4.11", "source": "וַאֲר֥וֹן אֱלֹהִ֖ים נִלְקָ֑ח וּשְׁנֵ֤י בְנֵֽי־עֵלִי֙ מֵ֔תוּ חָפְנִ֖י וּפִֽינְחָֽס׃", "text": "And *wə* *'ărôn* *'ĕlōhîm* was-taken *nilqāḥ* and-two *ûšənê* *bənê*-*'ēlî* died *mētû* *ḥopnî* and-*pînəḥās*.", "grammar": { "*'ărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark of", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - God", "*nilqāḥ*": "niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - was taken", "*ûšənê*": "conjunction + masculine dual construct - and two of", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*'ēlî*": "proper noun - Eli", "*mētû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they died", "*ḥopnî*": "proper noun - Hophni", "*pînəḥās*": "proper noun - Phinehas" }, "variants": { "*nilqāḥ*": "was taken, was captured, was seized" } }
• 1 Sam 6:2-9 : 2 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.6.2", "source": "וַיִּקְרְא֣וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים לַכֹּהֲנִ֤ים וְלַקֹּֽסְמִים֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר מַֽה־נַּעֲשֶׂ֖ה לַאֲר֣וֹן יְהוָ֑ה הוֹדִעֻ֕נוּ בַּמֶּ֖ה נְשַׁלְּחֶ֥נּוּ לִמְקוֹמֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wa-yiqrəʾû* *pəlištîm* *la-kōhănîm* *wə-la-qōsəmîm* *lēmōr* *mah*-*naʿăśeh* *la-ʾărôn* *YHWH* *hôdīʿūnû* *bammeh* *nəšalləḥennû* *li-mqômô*", "grammar": { "*wa-yiqrəʾû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3mp - and they called", "*pəlištîm*": "masculine plural noun - Philistines", "*la-kōhănîm*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - to the priests", "*wə-la-qōsəmîm*": "conjunction + preposition + definite article + masculine plural participle - and to the diviners", "*lēmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*mah*": "interrogative pronoun - what", "*naʿăśeh*": "qal imperfect 1cp - shall we do", "*la-ʾărôn*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - to the ark of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*hôdīʿūnû*": "hiphil imperative 2mp + 1cp suffix - inform us", "*bammeh*": "preposition + interrogative pronoun - with what", "*nəšalləḥennû*": "piel imperfect 1cp + 3ms suffix - we shall send it", "*li-mqômô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 3ms suffix - to its place" }, "variants": { "*qōsəmîm*": "diviners/soothsayers/fortune-tellers", "*hôdīʿūnû*": "inform us/make known to us/tell us", "*nəšalləḥennû*": "we shall send it/we shall let it go/we shall release it" } } 3 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.6.3", "source": "וַיֹּאמְר֗וּ אִֽם־מְשַׁלְּחִ֞ים אֶת־אֲר֨וֹן אֱלֹהֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אַל־תְּשַׁלְּח֤וּ אֹתוֹ֙ רֵיקָ֔ם כִּֽי־הָשֵׁ֥ב תָּשִׁ֛יבוּ ל֖וֹ אָשָׁ֑ם אָ֤ז תֵּרָֽפְאוּ֙ וְנוֹדַ֣ע לָכֶ֔ם לָ֛מָּה לֹא־תָס֥וּר יָד֖וֹ מִכֶּֽם׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmərû* *ʾim*-*məšalləḥîm* *ʾet*-*ʾărôn* *ʾĕlōhê* *yiśrāʾēl* *ʾal*-*təšalləḥû* *ʾōtô* *rêqām* *kî*-*hāšēb* *tāšîbû* *lô* *ʾāšām* *ʾāz* *tērāpəʾû* *wə-nôdaʿ* *lākem* *lāmmāh* *lō*-*tāsûr* *yādô* *mikkem*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmərû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3mp - and they said", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if", "*məšalləḥîm*": "piel participle mp - sending away", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark of", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - God of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾal*": "negative particle - do not", "*təšalləḥû*": "piel imperfect 2mp - send away", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3ms suffix - it", "*rêqām*": "adverb - empty", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*hāšēb*": "hiphil infinitive absolute - returning", "*tāšîbû*": "hiphil imperfect 2mp - you shall return", "*lô*": "preposition + 3ms suffix - to him", "*ʾāšām*": "masculine singular noun - guilt offering", "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then", "*tērāpəʾû*": "niphal imperfect 2mp - you will be healed", "*wə-nôdaʿ*": "conjunction + niphal perfect 3ms - and it will be known", "*lākem*": "preposition + 2mp suffix - to you", "*lāmmāh*": "interrogative - why", "*lō*": "negative particle - not", "*tāsûr*": "qal imperfect 3fs - it turns away", "*yādô*": "feminine singular noun + 3ms suffix - his hand", "*mikkem*": "preposition + 2mp suffix - from you" }, "variants": { "*məšalləḥîm*": "sending away/releasing/letting go", "*ʾāšām*": "guilt offering/compensation/restitution", "*tērāpəʾû*": "you will be healed/restored/made whole", "*yādô*": "his hand/power/strength" } } 4 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.6.4", "source": "וַיֹּאמְר֗וּ מָ֣ה הָאָשָׁם֮ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נָשִׁ֣יב לוֹ֒ וַיֹּאמְר֗וּ מִסְפַּר֙ סַרְנֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים חֲמִשָּׁה֙ *עפלי **טְחֹרֵ֣י זָהָ֔ב וַחֲמִשָּׁ֖ה עַכְבְּרֵ֣י זָהָ֑ב כִּֽי־מַגֵּפָ֥ה אַחַ֛ת לְכֻלָּ֖ם וּלְסַרְנֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmərû* *māh* *hā-ʾāšām* *ʾăšer* *nāšîb* *lô* *wa-yōʾmərû* *mispar* *sarnê* *pəlištîm* *ḥămiššāh* *ṭəḥōrê* *zāhāb* *wa-ḥămiššāh* *ʿakbərê* *zāhāb* *kî*-*maggēpāh* *ʾaḥat* *lə-kullām* *û-lə-sarnêkem*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmərû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3mp - and they said", "*māh*": "interrogative - what", "*hā-ʾāšām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the guilt offering", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*nāšîb*": "hiphil imperfect 1cp - we shall return", "*lô*": "preposition + 3ms suffix - to him", "*mispar*": "masculine singular construct - number of", "*sarnê*": "masculine plural construct - lords of", "*pəlištîm*": "proper noun - Philistines", "*ḥămiššāh*": "numeral - five", "*ṭəḥōrê*": "masculine plural construct - tumors of", "*zāhāb*": "masculine singular noun - gold", "*wa-ḥămiššāh*": "conjunction + numeral - and five", "*ʿakbərê*": "masculine plural construct - mice of", "*zāhāb*": "masculine singular noun - gold", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*maggēpāh*": "feminine singular noun - plague", "*ʾaḥat*": "numeral feminine singular - one", "*lə-kullām*": "preposition + noun + 3mp suffix - to all of them", "*û-lə-sarnêkem*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine plural noun + 2mp suffix - and to your lords" }, "variants": { "*sarnê*": "lords/rulers/tyrants/axis", "*ṭəḥōrê*": "tumors/hemorrhoids/swellings", "*ʿakbərê*": "mice/rats/rodents", "*maggēpāh*": "plague/epidemic/blow/defeat" } } 5 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.6.5", "source": "וַעֲשִׂיתֶם֩ צַלְמֵ֨י *עפליכם **טְחֹרֵיכֶ֜ם וְצַלְמֵ֣י עַכְבְּרֵיכֶ֗ם הַמַּשְׁחִיתִם֙ אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ וּנְתַתֶּ֛ם לֵאלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל כָּב֑וֹד אוּלַ֗י יָקֵ֤ל אֶת־יָדוֹ֙ מֵֽעֲלֵיכֶ֔ם וּמֵעַ֥ל אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם וּמֵעַ֥ל אַרְצְכֶֽם׃", "text": "*wa-ʿăśîtem* *ṣalmê* *ṭəḥōrêkem* *wə-ṣalmê* *ʿakbərêkem* *ha-mašḥîtim* *ʾet*-*hā-ʾāreṣ* *û-nətattem* *l-ēlōhê* *yiśrāʾēl* *kābôd* *ʾûlay* *yāqēl* *ʾet*-*yādô* *mē-ʿălêkem* *û-mēʿal* *ʾĕlōhêkem* *û-mēʿal* *ʾarṣəkem*", "grammar": { "*wa-ʿăśîtem*": "conjunction + qal perfect 2mp - and you shall make", "*ṣalmê*": "masculine plural construct - images of", "*ṭəḥōrêkem*": "masculine plural noun + 2mp suffix - your tumors", "*wə-ṣalmê*": "conjunction + masculine plural construct - and images of", "*ʿakbərêkem*": "masculine plural noun + 2mp suffix - your mice", "*ha-mašḥîtim*": "definite article + hiphil participle mp - the ones destroying", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the land", "*û-nətattem*": "conjunction + qal perfect 2mp - and you shall give", "*l-ēlōhê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - to the God of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*kābôd*": "masculine singular noun - glory/honor", "*ʾûlay*": "adverb - perhaps", "*yāqēl*": "hiphil imperfect 3ms - he will lighten", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yādô*": "feminine singular noun + 3ms suffix - his hand", "*mē-ʿălêkem*": "preposition + preposition + 2mp suffix - from upon you", "*û-mēʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and from upon", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "masculine plural noun + 2mp suffix - your gods", "*û-mēʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and from upon", "*ʾarṣəkem*": "feminine singular noun + 2mp suffix - your land" }, "variants": { "*ṣalmê*": "images/likenesses/replicas/models", "*ṭəḥōrêkem*": "your tumors/hemorrhoids/swellings", "*mašḥîtim*": "destroying/ravaging/ruining", "*yāqēl*": "he will lighten/ease/lift/remove", "*kābôd*": "glory/honor/tribute/homage" } } 6 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.6.6", "source": "וְלָ֤מָּה תְכַבְּדוּ֙ אֶת־לְבַבְכֶ֔ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֧ר כִּבְּד֛וּ מִצְרַ֥יִם וּפַרְעֹ֖ה אֶת־לִבָּ֑ם הֲלוֹא֙ כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר הִתְעַלֵּ֣ל בָּהֶ֔ם וֽ͏ַיְשַׁלְּח֖וּם וַיֵּלֵֽכוּ׃", "text": "*wə-lāmmāh* *təkabbədû* *ʾet*-*ləbabkem* *ka-ʾăšer* *kibbədû* *miṣrayim* *û-parʿōh* *ʾet*-*libbām* *hă-lôʾ* *ka-ʾăšer* *hitʿallēl* *bāhem* *wa-yəšalləḥûm* *wa-yēlēkû*", "grammar": { "*wə-lāmmāh*": "conjunction + interrogative - and why", "*təkabbədû*": "piel imperfect 2mp - you harden/make heavy", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ləbabkem*": "masculine singular noun + 2mp suffix - your heart", "*ka-ʾăšer*": "preposition + relative pronoun - just as", "*kibbədû*": "piel perfect 3cp - they hardened", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*û-parʿōh*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Pharaoh", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*libbām*": "masculine singular noun + 3mp suffix - their heart", "*hă-lôʾ*": "interrogative + negative particle - was it not", "*ka-ʾăšer*": "preposition + relative pronoun - when", "*hitʿallēl*": "hithpael perfect 3ms - he dealt severely", "*bāhem*": "preposition + 3mp suffix - with them", "*wa-yəšalləḥûm*": "conjunction + piel imperfect 3mp + 3mp suffix - and they sent them away", "*wa-yēlēkû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3mp - and they went" }, "variants": { "*təkabbədû*": "you harden/make heavy/make stubborn", "*kibbədû*": "they hardened/made heavy/made stubborn", "*hitʿallēl*": "he dealt severely/he made a mockery/he abused", "*yəšalləḥûm*": "they sent them away/they let them go/they released them" } } 7 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.6.7", "source": "וְעַתָּ֗ה קְח֨וּ וַעֲשׂ֜וּ עֲגָלָ֤ה חֲדָשָׁה֙ אֶחָ֔ת וּשְׁתֵּ֤י פָרוֹת֙ עָל֔וֹת אֲשֶׁ֛ר לֹא־עָלָ֥ה עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם עֹ֑ל וַאֲסַרְתֶּ֤ם אֶת־הַפָּרוֹת֙ בָּעֲגָלָ֔ה וַהֲשֵׁיבֹתֶ֧ם בְּנֵיהֶ֛ם מֵאַחֲרֵיהֶ֖ם הַבָּֽיְתָה׃", "text": "*wə-ʿattāh* *qəḥû* *wa-ʿăśû* *ʿăgālāh* *ḥădāšāh* *ʾeḥāt* *û-štê* *pārôt* *ʿālôt* *ʾăšer* *lō*-*ʿālāh* *ʿălêhem* *ʿōl* *wa-ʾăsartem* *ʾet*-*ha-pārôt* *bā-ʿăgālāh* *wa-hăšêbōtem* *bənêhem* *mē-ʾaḥărêhem* *ha-baytāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿattāh*": "conjunction + adverb - and now", "*qəḥû*": "qal imperative 2mp - take", "*wa-ʿăśû*": "conjunction + qal imperative 2mp - and make", "*ʿăgālāh*": "feminine singular noun - cart", "*ḥădāšāh*": "adjective feminine singular - new", "*ʾeḥāt*": "numeral feminine singular - one", "*û-štê*": "conjunction + numeral construct - and two of", "*pārôt*": "feminine plural noun - cows", "*ʿālôt*": "qal active participle fp - giving milk/nursing", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*lō*": "negative particle - not", "*ʿālāh*": "qal perfect 3ms - it has gone up", "*ʿălêhem*": "preposition + 3mp suffix - upon them", "*ʿōl*": "masculine singular noun - yoke", "*wa-ʾăsartem*": "conjunction + qal perfect 2mp - and you shall bind", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ha-pārôt*": "definite article + feminine plural noun - the cows", "*bā-ʿăgālāh*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - to the cart", "*wa-hăšêbōtem*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect 2mp - and you shall bring back", "*bənêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3mp suffix - their calves", "*mē-ʾaḥărêhem*": "preposition + preposition + 3mp suffix - from after them", "*ha-baytāh*": "definite article + noun + directional suffix - to the house" }, "variants": { "*ʿālôt*": "nursing/giving milk/lactating", "*ʿōl*": "yoke/burden", "*ʾăsartem*": "you shall bind/hitch/tie", "*hăšêbōtem*": "you shall bring back/return/take away" } } 8 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.6.8", "source": "וּלְקַחְתֶּ֞ם אֶת־אֲר֣וֹן יְהוָ֗ה וּנְתַתֶּ֤ם אֹתוֹ֙ אֶל־הָ֣עֲגָלָ֔ה וְאֵ֣ת ׀ כְּלֵ֣י הַזָּהָ֗ב אֲשֶׁ֨ר הֲשֵׁבֹתֶ֥ם לוֹ֙ אָשָׁ֔ם תָּשִׂ֥ימוּ בָאַרְגַּ֖ז מִצִּדּ֑וֹ וְשִׁלַּחְתֶּ֥ם אֹת֖וֹ וְהָלָֽךְ׃", "text": "*û-ləqaḥtem* *ʾet*-*ʾărôn* *YHWH* *û-nətattem* *ʾōtô* *ʾel*-*hā-ʿăgālāh* *wə-ʾēt* *kəlê* *ha-zāhāb* *ʾăšer* *hăšēbōtem* *lô* *ʾāšām* *tāśîmû* *bā-ʾargaz* *mi-ṣiddô* *wə-šillaḥtem* *ʾōtô* *wə-hālāk*", "grammar": { "*û-ləqaḥtem*": "conjunction + qal perfect 2mp - and you shall take", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*û-nətattem*": "conjunction + qal perfect 2mp - and you shall put", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3ms suffix - it", "*ʾel*": "preposition - onto", "*hā-ʿăgālāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the cart", "*wə-ʾēt*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*kəlê*": "masculine plural construct - vessels/articles of", "*ha-zāhāb*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the gold", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*hăšēbōtem*": "hiphil perfect 2mp - you are returning", "*lô*": "preposition + 3ms suffix - to him", "*ʾāšām*": "masculine singular noun - guilt offering", "*tāśîmû*": "qal imperfect 2mp - you shall put", "*bā-ʾargaz*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - in the box", "*mi-ṣiddô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 3ms suffix - beside it", "*wə-šillaḥtem*": "conjunction + piel perfect 2mp - and you shall send away", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3ms suffix - it", "*wə-hālāk*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3ms - and it will go" }, "variants": { "*ʾargaz*": "box/chest/coffer", "*mi-ṣiddô*": "beside it/at its side", "*šillaḥtem*": "you shall send away/let go/release", "*wə-hālāk*": "and it will go/depart/proceed" } } 9 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.6.9", "source": "וּרְאִיתֶ֗ם אִם־דֶּ֨רֶךְ גְּבוּל֤וֹ יַֽעֲלֶה֙ בֵּ֣ית שֶׁ֔מֶשׁ ה֚וּא עָ֣שָׂה לָ֔נוּ אֶת־הָרָעָ֥ה הַגְּדוֹלָ֖ה הַזֹּ֑את וְאִם‪[c]‬ לֹ֗א וְיָדַ֙עְנוּ֙ כִּ֣י לֹ֤א יָדוֹ֙ נָ֣גְעָה בָּ֔נוּ מִקְרֶ֥ה ה֖וּא הָ֥יָה לָֽנוּ׃", "text": "*û-rəʾîtem* *ʾim*-*derek* *gəbûlô* *yaʿăleh* *bêt* *šemeš* *hûʾ* *ʿāśāh* *lānû* *ʾet*-*hā-rāʿāh* *ha-gədôlāh* *ha-zōʾt* *wə-ʾim* *lōʾ* *wə-yādaʿnû* *kî* *lōʾ* *yādô* *nāgəʿāh* *bānû* *miqreh* *hûʾ* *hāyāh* *lānû*", "grammar": { "*û-rəʾîtem*": "conjunction + qal perfect 2mp - and you shall see", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if", "*derek*": "masculine singular construct - way of", "*gəbûlô*": "masculine singular noun + 3ms suffix - its territory", "*yaʿăleh*": "qal imperfect 3ms - it goes up", "*bêt* *šemeš*": "proper noun - Beth Shemesh", "*hûʾ*": "3ms pronoun - he", "*ʿāśāh*": "qal perfect 3ms - he has done", "*lānû*": "preposition + 1cp suffix - to us", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*hā-rāʿāh*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the evil", "*ha-gədôlāh*": "definite article + adjective feminine singular - the great", "*ha-zōʾt*": "definite article + feminine singular demonstrative - this", "*wə-ʾim*": "conjunction + conditional particle - but if", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*wə-yādaʿnû*": "conjunction + qal perfect 1cp - then we shall know", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yādô*": "feminine singular noun + 3ms suffix - his hand", "*nāgəʿāh*": "qal perfect 3fs - touched", "*bānû*": "preposition + 1cp suffix - against us", "*miqreh*": "masculine singular noun - chance", "*hûʾ*": "3ms pronoun - it", "*hāyāh*": "qal perfect 3ms - was", "*lānû*": "preposition + 1cp suffix - to us" }, "variants": { "*derek*": "way/road/path/direction", "*gəbûlô*": "its territory/border/boundary", "*nāgəʿāh*": "touched/struck/afflicted", "*miqreh*": "chance/accident/coincidence" } }
• 2 Kgs 19:18-19 : 18 { "verseID": "2 Kings.19.18", "source": "וְנָתְנ֥וּ אֶת־אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֖ם בָּאֵ֑שׁ כִּי֩ לֹ֨א אֱלֹהִ֜ים הֵ֗מָּה כִּ֣י אִם־מַעֲשֵׂ֧ה יְדֵֽי־אָדָ֛ם עֵ֥ץ וָאֶ֖בֶן וַֽיְאַבְּדֽוּם׃", "text": "And-*nātᵊnû* *'et*-*'ĕlōhêhem* in-the-*'ēš*, because not *'ĕlōhîm* *hēmmâ* but rather-*ma'ăśēh* *yᵊdê*-*'ādām* *'ēṣ* and-*'eḇen* and-*yᵊ'abbᵊdûm*.", "grammar": { "*nātᵊnû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they gave/put", "*'et*": "direct object marker", "*'ĕlōhêhem*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their gods", "*'ēš*": "noun feminine singular - fire", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - God/gods", "*hēmmâ*": "3rd person masculine plural pronoun - they/them", "*ma'ăśēh*": "noun masculine singular construct - work/deed of", "*yᵊdê*": "noun feminine dual construct - hands of", "*'ādām*": "noun masculine singular - man/mankind/human", "*'ēṣ*": "noun masculine singular - wood/tree", "*'eḇen*": "noun feminine singular - stone", "*yᵊ'abbᵊdûm*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix with waw consecutive - and they destroyed them" }, "variants": { "*nātᵊnû*": "gave/put/placed/set", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being", "*ma'ăśēh*": "work/deed/action/product", "*'ādām*": "man/mankind/human/Adam", "*'ēṣ*": "wood/tree/timber", "*'eḇen*": "stone/rock", "*yᵊ'abbᵊdûm*": "destroyed them/made them perish/caused them to be lost" } } 19 { "verseID": "2 Kings.19.19", "source": "וְעַתָּה֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֔ינוּ הוֹשִׁיעֵ֥נוּ נָ֖א מִיָּד֑וֹ וְיֵֽדְעוּ֙ כָּל־מַמְלְכ֣וֹת הָאָ֔רֶץ כִּ֥י אַתָּ֛ה יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהִ֖ים לְבַדֶּֽךָ׃", "text": "And-*'attâ* *YHWH* *'ĕlōhênû*, *hôšî'ēnû* *nā'* from-*yādô*, and-*yēdᵊ'û* all-*mamlᵊkôt* the-*'āreṣ* that you *YHWH* *'ĕlōhîm* to-*ḇaddekā*.", "grammar": { "*'attâ*": "adverb - now", "*'ĕlōhênû*": "noun masculine plural construct with 1st person common plural suffix - our God", "*hôšî'ēnû*": "Hiphil imperative masculine singular with 1st person common plural suffix - save us", "*nā'*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*yādô*": "noun feminine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand", "*yēdᵊ'û*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will know", "*mamlᵊkôt*": "noun feminine plural construct - kingdoms of", "*'āreṣ*": "noun feminine singular - earth/land", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - God/gods", "*ḇaddekā*": "noun masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your separation/alone" }, "variants": { "*'attâ*": "now/at this time", "*hôšî'ēnû*": "save us/deliver us/rescue us", "*yādô*": "his hand/power/control", "*yēdᵊ'û*": "they will know/recognize/acknowledge", "*mamlᵊkôt*": "kingdoms/dominions/realms", "*'āreṣ*": "earth/land/ground/territory", "*ḇaddekā*": "your separation/alone/only you" } }
• Isa 46:1-2 : 1 { "verseID": "Isaiah.46.1", "source": "כָּרַ֥ע בֵּל֙ קֹרֵ֣ס נְב֔וֹ הָיוּ֙ עֲצַבֵּיהֶ֔ם לַחַיָּ֖ה וְלַבְּהֵמָ֑ה נְשֻׂאֹתֵיכֶ֣ם עֲמוּס֔וֹת מַשָּׂ֖א לַעֲיֵפָֽה׃", "text": "*kāraʿ Bēl kōrēs Nəbô*, *hāyû* their-*ʿăṣabbêhem* for-the-*ḥayyâ* wə-for-the-*bəhēmâ*; your-*nəśuʾōtêkem ʿămûsôt maśśāʾ* for-the-*ʿăyēpâ*.", "grammar": { "*kāraʿ*": "perfect, 3rd singular, masculine - has bowed down/stooped", "*Bēl*": "proper noun - Bel (Babylonian deity)", "*kōrēs*": "participle, singular, masculine - stooping/collapsing", "*Nəbô*": "proper noun - Nebo (Babylonian deity)", "*hāyû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they have become", "*ʿăṣabbêhem*": "noun, masculine, plural + 3rd person plural suffix - their idols/images", "*ḥayyâ*": "noun, feminine, singular - living creature/beast", "*bəhēmâ*": "noun, feminine, singular - cattle/livestock/beast", "*nəśuʾōtêkem*": "passive participle, feminine, plural + 2nd person plural suffix - your carried things/burdens", "*ʿămûsôt*": "passive participle, feminine, plural - loaded/burdened", "*maśśāʾ*": "noun, masculine, singular - burden/load", "*ʿăyēpâ*": "adjective, feminine, singular - weary/faint" }, "variants": { "*kāraʿ*": "bow down/stoop/kneel/collapse", "*kōrēs*": "stooping/collapsing/bending", "*ʿăṣabbêhem*": "idols/images/objects of worship", "*nəśuʾōtêkem*": "things carried/burdens/loads", "*ʿămûsôt*": "loaded/burdened/weighed down", "*maśśāʾ*": "burden/load/lifting", "*ʿăyēpâ*": "weary/faint/exhausted one" } } 2 { "verseID": "Isaiah.46.2", "source": "קָרְס֤וּ כָֽרְעוּ֙ יַחְדָּ֔ו לֹ֥א יָכְל֖וּ מַלֵּ֣ט מַשָּׂ֑א וְנַפְשָׁ֖ם בַּשְּׁבִ֥י הָלָֽכָה׃", "text": "*qārəsû kārəʿû* together, *lōʾ yākəlû mallēṭ maśśāʾ*, wə-*napšām* in-the-*šəbî hālākâ*.", "grammar": { "*qārəsû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they have collapsed/stooped", "*kārəʿû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they have bowed down/crouched", "*yākəlû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they were able/could", "*mallēṭ*": "infinitive construct, piel - to deliver/rescue/save", "*maśśāʾ*": "noun, masculine, singular - burden/load", "*napšām*": "noun, feminine, singular + 3rd person plural suffix - their soul/life/self", "*šəbî*": "noun, masculine, singular - captivity/exile", "*hālākâ*": "perfect, 3rd feminine, singular - has gone/walked" }, "variants": { "*qārəsû*": "collapse/stoop/bend down", "*kārəʿû*": "bow down/crouch/kneel", "*mallēṭ*": "deliver/rescue/save/escape", "*maśśāʾ*": "burden/load/oracle", "*napšām*": "their soul/life/self/person", "*šəbî*": "captivity/exile/imprisonment" } }
• Isa 46:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Isaiah.46.7", "source": "יִ֠שָּׂאֻהוּ עַל־כָּתֵ֨ף יִסְבְּלֻ֜הוּ וְיַנִּיחֻ֤הוּ תַחְתָּיו֙ וְיַֽעֲמֹ֔ד מִמְּקוֹמ֖וֹ לֹ֣א יָמִ֑ישׁ אַף־יִצְעַ֤ק אֵלָיו֙ וְלֹ֣א יַעֲנֶ֔ה מִצָּרָת֖וֹ לֹ֥א יוֹשִׁיעֶֽנּוּ׃", "text": "*yiśśāʾuhû* upon-*kātēp*, *yisbəluhû* wə-*yannîḥuhû* under-him wə-*yaʿămōd*; from-*məqômô lōʾ yāmîš*; indeed-*yiṣʿaq* to-him wə-*lōʾ yaʿăneh*, from-*ṣārātô lōʾ yôšîʿennû*.", "grammar": { "*yiśśāʾuhû*": "imperfect, 3rd plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - they will carry him", "*kātēp*": "noun, feminine, singular - shoulder", "*yisbəluhû*": "imperfect, 3rd plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - they will bear him", "*yannîḥuhû*": "imperfect, 3rd plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix, hiphil - they will set him down", "*yaʿămōd*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will stand", "*məqômô*": "noun, masculine, singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his place", "*yāmîš*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, hiphil - he will move", "*yiṣʿaq*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will cry out", "*yaʿăneh*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will answer", "*ṣārātô*": "noun, feminine, plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his troubles", "*yôšîʿennû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix, hiphil - he will save him" }, "variants": { "*yiśśāʾuhû*": "they lift him/they carry him/they bear him", "*yisbəluhû*": "they bear him/they carry him/they support him", "*yannîḥuhû*": "they set him down/they place him/they leave him", "*yaʿămōd*": "he stands/he remains/he endures", "*yāmîš*": "he moves/he departs/he removes", "*yiṣʿaq*": "he cries out/he calls/he shouts", "*yaʿăneh*": "he answers/he responds/he replies", "*ṣārātô*": "his troubles/his distress/his adversities", "*yôšîʿennû*": "he saves him/he delivers him/he rescues him" } }
• Mic 5:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Micah.5.13", "source": "וְנָתַשְׁתִּ֥י אֲשֵׁירֶ֖יךָ מִקִּרְבֶּ֑ךָ וְהִשְׁמַדְתִּ֖י עָרֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*wə-nātaštî* *ʾăšêreykā* from-*qirbekā* *wə-hišmadtî* *ʿāreykā*", "grammar": { "*wə-nātaštî*": "conjunction + perfect, 1st person singular - and I will pluck up", "*ʾăšêreykā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your Asherim", "*qirbekā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your midst", "*wə-hišmadtî*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect, 1st person singular - and I will destroy", "*ʿāreykā*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your cities" }, "variants": { "*nātaštî*": "I will pluck up/I will uproot/I will tear out", "*ʾăšêreykā*": "your Asherim/your sacred poles/your wooden images", "*hišmadtî*": "I will destroy/I will demolish/I will annihilate" } }