20 {
"verseID": "Judges.8.20",
"source": "וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ לְיֶ֣תֶר בְּכוֹר֔וֹ ק֖וּם הֲרֹ֣ג אוֹתָ֑ם וְלֹא־שָׁלַ֨ף הַנַּ֤עַר חַרְבּוֹ֙ כִּ֣י יָרֵ֔א כִּ֥י עוֹדֶ֖נּוּ נָֽעַר׃",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmer* [he said] *ləyeter* [to Jether] *bəkôrô* [his firstborn], *qûm* [arise] *hărōg* [kill] *ʾôtām* [them]; and *wəlōʾ*-*šālap* [not drew] *hannaʿar* [the youth] *ḥarbô* [his sword], *kî* [because] *yārēʾ* [he feared], *kî* [because] *ʿôdennû* [he was still] *nāʿar* [a youth].",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of *ʾāmar* - and he said",
"*ləyeter*": "preposition *lə* + proper noun - to Jether",
"*bəkôrô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his firstborn",
"*qûm*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - arise",
"*hărōg*": "qal imperative, masculine singular of *hārag* - kill",
"*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine plural suffix - them",
"*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not",
"*šālap*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - drew/pulled out",
"*hannaʿar*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the youth",
"*ḥarbô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sword",
"*kî*": "conjunction - because/for",
"*yārēʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he feared",
"*ʿôdennû*": "adverb + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he was still",
"*nāʿar*": "noun, masculine singular - a youth/a boy"
},
"variants": {
"*nāʿar*": "youth/boy/young man",
"*qûm*": "arise/stand/get up"
}
}
21 {
"verseID": "Judges.8.21",
"source": "וַיֹּ֜אמֶר זֶ֣בַח וְצַלְמֻנָּ֗ע ק֤וּם אַתָּה֙ וּפְגַע־בָּ֔נוּ כִּ֥י כָאִ֖ישׁ גְּבוּרָת֑וֹ וַיָּ֣קָם גִּדְע֗וֹן וַֽיַּהֲרֹג֙ אֶת־זֶ֣בַח וְאֶת־צַלְמֻנָּ֔ע וַיִּקַּח֙ אֶת־הַשַּׂ֣הֲרֹנִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּצַוְּארֵ֥י גְמַלֵּיהֶֽם׃",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmer* [said] *zebaḥ* [Zebah] and *ṣalmunnāʿ* [Zalmunna], *qûm* [arise] *ʾattāh* [you] *ûpəgaʿ*-*bānû* [and fall upon us], *kî* [for] *kāʾîš* [as the man] *gəbûrātô* [his strength]; and *wayyāqom* [arose] *gidʿôn* [Gideon] *wayyahărōg* [and killed] *ʾet*-*zebaḥ* [Zebah] and *ʾet*-*ṣalmunnāʿ* [Zalmunna], and *wayyiqqaḥ* [he took] *ʾet*-*haśśahărōnîm* [the crescents] *ʾăšer* [that were] *bəṣawwərê* [on the necks of] *gəmallêhem* [their camels].",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of *ʾāmar* - and said",
"*zebaḥ*": "proper noun - Zebah",
"*ṣalmunnāʿ*": "proper noun - Zalmunna",
"*qûm*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - arise",
"*ʾattāh*": "2nd masculine singular pronoun - you",
"*ûpəgaʿ*": "conjunction + qal imperative, masculine singular of *pāgaʿ* - and fall upon",
"*bānû*": "preposition *bə* + 1st common plural suffix - upon us",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*kāʾîš*": "preposition *kə* + noun, masculine singular - as the man",
"*gəbûrātô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his strength",
"*wayyāqom*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of *qûm* - and arose",
"*gidʿôn*": "proper noun - Gideon",
"*wayyahărōg*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of *hārag* - and killed",
"*haśśahărōnîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the crescents",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - that",
"*bəṣawwərê*": "preposition *bə* + construct plural of *ṣawwār* - on the necks of",
"*gəmallêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their camels"
},
"variants": {
"*pəgaʿ*": "fall upon/attack/strike",
"*śahărōnîm*": "crescents/moon-shaped ornaments",
"*gəbûrātô*": "his strength/his might/his power"
}
}
22 {
"verseID": "Judges.8.22",
"source": "וַיֹּאמְר֤וּ אִֽישׁ־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֶל־גִּדְע֔וֹן מְשָׁל־בָּ֙נוּ֙ גַּם־אַתָּ֔ה גַּם־בִּנְךָ֖ גַּ֣ם בֶּן־בְּנֶ֑ךָ כִּ֥י הוֹשַׁעְתָּ֖נוּ מִיַּ֥ד מִדְיָֽן׃",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmərû* [said] *ʾîš*-*yiśrāʾēl* [men of Israel] *ʾel*-*gidʿôn* [to Gideon], *məšāl*-*bānû* [rule over us], *gam*-*ʾattāh* [also you], *gam*-*binkā* [also your son], *gam* *ben*-*bənekā* [also son of your son], *kî* [because] *hôšaʿtānû* [you have saved us] *miyyad* [from the hand of] *midyān* [Midian].",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmərû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural of *ʾāmar* - and said",
"*ʾîš*-*yiśrāʾēl*": "construct form - men of Israel",
"*ʾel*-*gidʿôn*": "preposition + proper noun - to Gideon",
"*məšāl*": "qal imperative, masculine singular of *māšal* - rule",
"*bānû*": "preposition *bə* + 1st common plural suffix - over us",
"*gam*": "adverb - also/even",
"*ʾattāh*": "2nd masculine singular pronoun - you",
"*binkā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your son",
"*ben*-*bənekā*": "construct + noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - son of your son",
"*kî*": "conjunction - because/for",
"*hôšaʿtānû*": "hiphil perfect, 2nd masculine singular of *yāšaʿ* with 1st common plural suffix - you have saved us",
"*miyyad*": "preposition *min* + noun, feminine singular construct - from the hand of",
"*midyān*": "proper noun - Midian"
},
"variants": {
"*māšal*": "rule/have dominion/reign",
"*yad*": "hand/power/control"
}
}
23 {
"verseID": "Judges.8.23",
"source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֲלֵהֶם֙ גִּדְע֔וֹן לֹֽא־אֶמְשֹׁ֤ל אֲנִי֙ בָּכֶ֔ם וְלֹֽא־יִמְשֹׁ֥ל בְּנִ֖י בָּכֶ֑ם יְהוָ֖ה יִמְשֹׁ֥ל בָּכֶֽם׃",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmer* [said] *ʾălêhem* [to them] *gidʿôn* [Gideon], *lōʾ*-*ʾemšōl* [I will not rule] *ʾănî* [I] *bākem* [over you], and *wəlōʾ*-*yimšōl* [will not rule] *bənî* [my son] *bākem* [over you]; *YHWH* [YHWH] *yimšōl* [will rule] *bākem* [over you].",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of *ʾāmar* - and said",
"*ʾălêhem*": "preposition *ʾel* + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them",
"*gidʿôn*": "proper noun - Gideon",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*ʾemšōl*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular of *māšal* - I will rule",
"*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I",
"*bākem*": "preposition *bə* + 2nd masculine plural suffix - over you",
"*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not",
"*yimšōl*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of *māšal* - will rule",
"*bənî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my son",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh",
"*yimšōl*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of *māšal* - will rule"
},
"variants": {
"*māšal*": "rule/reign/have dominion"
}
}
24 {
"verseID": "Judges.8.24",
"source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֲלֵהֶ֜ם גִּדְע֗וֹן אֶשְׁאֲלָ֤ה מִכֶּם֙ שְׁאֵלָ֔ה וּתְנוּ־לִ֕י אִ֖ישׁ נֶ֣זֶם שְׁלָל֑וֹ כִּֽי־נִזְמֵ֤י זָהָב֙ לָהֶ֔ם כִּ֥י יִשְׁמְעֵאלִ֖ים הֵֽם׃",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmer* [said] *ʾălêhem* [to them] *gidʿôn* [Gideon], *ʾešʾălāh* [let me request] *mikkem* [from you] *šəʾēlāh* [a request], and *ûtənû*-*lî* [give to me] *ʾîš* [each man] *nezem* [earring of] *šəlālô* [his spoil]; *kî*-*nizmê* [for earrings of] *zāhāb* [gold] *lāhem* [to them], *kî* [because] *yišməʿēlîm* [Ishmaelites] *hēm* [they were].",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular of *ʾāmar* - and said",
"*ʾălêhem*": "preposition *ʾel* + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them",
"*gidʿôn*": "proper noun - Gideon",
"*ʾešʾălāh*": "qal imperfect cohortative, 1st person singular of *šāʾal* - let me request",
"*mikkem*": "preposition *min* + 2nd masculine plural suffix - from you",
"*šəʾēlāh*": "noun, feminine singular - a request",
"*ûtənû*": "conjunction + qal imperative, masculine plural of *nātan* - and give",
"*lî*": "preposition *lə* + 1st person singular suffix - to me",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - each man",
"*nezem*": "noun, masculine singular construct - earring of",
"*šəlālô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his spoil",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*nizmê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - earrings of",
"*zāhāb*": "noun, masculine singular - gold",
"*lāhem*": "preposition *lə* + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them",
"*yišməʿēlîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Ishmaelites",
"*hēm*": "3rd masculine plural pronoun - they"
},
"variants": {
"*nezem*": "earring/nose ring/jewelry",
"*šālāl*": "spoil/plunder"
}
}