1 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.19.1",
"source": "וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר",
"text": "*wə-yəḏabbēr* *YHWH* *ʾel*-*Mōšeh* *lēʾmōr*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yəḏabbēr*": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and spoke/was speaking",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, subject - the LORD",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to, toward",
"*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses",
"*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying/to say"
},
"variants": {
"*wə-yəḏabbēr*": "and he spoke/was speaking/continued to speak",
"*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say/commanding"
}
}
2 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.19.2",
"source": "דַּבֵּ֞ר אֶל־כָּל־עֲדַ֧ת בְּנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל וְאָמַרְתָּ֥ אֲלֵהֶ֖ם קְדֹשִׁ֣ים תִּהְי֑וּ כִּ֣י קָד֔וֹשׁ אֲנִ֖י יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם",
"text": "*dabbēr* *ʾel*-*kol*-*ʿăḏaṯ* *bənê*-*Yiśrāʾēl* *wə-ʾāmartā* *ʾălēhem* *qəḏōšîm* *tihyû* *kî* *qāḏôš* *ʾănî* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêḵem*",
"grammar": {
"*dabbēr*": "Piel imperative, masculine singular - speak!",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to, toward",
"*kol*": "construct noun - all of, whole of",
"*ʿăḏaṯ*": "construct noun, feminine singular - congregation/assembly of",
"*bənê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - sons/children of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*wə-ʾāmartā*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you shall say",
"*ʾălēhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them",
"*qəḏōšîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - holy ones/holy",
"*tihyû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall be",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for, because",
"*qāḏôš*": "adjective, masculine singular - holy",
"*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD",
"*ʾĕlōhêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your God"
},
"variants": {
"*dabbēr*": "speak/address/tell",
"*ʿăḏaṯ*": "congregation/assembly/community",
"*qəḏōšîm*": "holy/set apart/consecrated",
"*tihyû*": "you shall be/you must be/you are to be",
"*kî*": "for/because/since",
"*qāḏôš*": "holy/set apart/consecrated"
}
}
3 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.19.3",
"source": "אִ֣ישׁ אִמּ֤וֹ וְאָבִיו֙ תִּירָ֔אוּ וְאֶת־שַׁבְּתֹתַ֖י תִּשְׁמֹ֑רוּ אֲנִ֖י יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם",
"text": "*ʾîš* *ʾimmô* *wə-ʾāḇîw* *tîrāʾû* *wə-ʾeṯ*-*šabbəṯōṯay* *tišmōrû* *ʾănî* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêḵem*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - each man/person/everyone",
"*ʾimmô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his mother",
"*wə-ʾāḇîw*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his father",
"*tîrāʾû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall fear/respect",
"*wə-ʾeṯ*": "conjunction + direct object marker",
"*šabbəṯōṯay*": "noun, feminine plural + 1st person singular suffix - my sabbaths",
"*tišmōrû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall keep/observe",
"*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD",
"*ʾĕlōhêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your God"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾîš*": "each person/everyone/each one",
"*tîrāʾû*": "you shall fear/respect/revere",
"*tišmōrû*": "you shall keep/guard/observe/maintain"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.19.4",
"source": "אַל־תִּפְנוּ֙ אֶל־הָ֣אֱלִילִ֔ים וֵֽאלֹהֵי֙ מַסֵּכָ֔ה לֹ֥א תַעֲשׂ֖וּ לָכֶ֑ם אֲנִ֖י יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם",
"text": "*ʾal*-*tifnû* *ʾel*-*hā-ʾĕlîlîm* *wə-ʾĕlōhê* *massēḵāh* *lōʾ* *taʿăśû* *lāḵem* *ʾănî* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêḵem*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾal*": "negative particle with jussive - do not",
"*tifnû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural jussive - turn/look",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to, toward",
"*hā-ʾĕlîlîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the idols/worthless things",
"*wə-ʾĕlōhê*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct - and gods of",
"*massēḵāh*": "noun, feminine singular - molten image/cast idol",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*taʿăśû*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall make",
"*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - for yourselves",
"*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD",
"*ʾĕlōhêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your God"
},
"variants": {
"*tifnû*": "turn to/look to/regard/pay attention to",
"*hā-ʾĕlîlîm*": "the idols/worthless things/false gods/nothings",
"*massēḵāh*": "molten image/cast idol/metal statue"
}
}