11 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.18.11",
"source": "עֶרְוַ֨ת בַּת־אֵ֤שֶׁת אָבִ֙יךָ֙ מוֹלֶ֣דֶת אָבִ֔יךָ אֲחוֹתְךָ֖ הִ֑וא לֹ֥א תְגַלֶּ֖ה עֶרְוָתָֽהּ׃",
"text": "*ʿerwat* *bat*-*ʾēšet* *ʾābîkā* *môledet* *ʾābîkā* *ʾăḥôtəkā* *hîʾ* *lōʾ* *təgalleh* *ʿerwātāh*",
"grammar": {
"*ʿerwat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - nakedness of",
"*bat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - daughter of",
"*ʾēšet*": "noun, feminine singular construct - wife of",
"*ʾābîkā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your father",
"*môledet*": "noun, feminine singular construct - born of",
"*ʾābîkā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your father",
"*ʾăḥôtəkā*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your sister",
"*hîʾ*": "3rd feminine singular pronoun - she is",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*təgalleh*": "Piel imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall uncover",
"*ʿerwātāh*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her nakedness"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿerwat*": "nakedness of/sexual parts of/shame of",
"*môledet* *ʾābîkā*": "born of your father/begotten by your father",
"*təgalleh*": "you shall uncover/you shall expose/you shall have sexual relations with"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.18.12",
"source": "עֶרְוַ֥ת אֲחוֹת־אָבִ֖יךָ לֹ֣א תְגַלֵּ֑ה שְׁאֵ֥ר אָבִ֖יךָ הִֽוא׃",
"text": "*ʿerwat* *ʾăḥôt*-*ʾābîkā* *lōʾ* *təgallēh* *šəʾēr* *ʾābîkā* *hîʾ*",
"grammar": {
"*ʿerwat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - nakedness of",
"*ʾăḥôt*": "noun, feminine singular construct - sister of",
"*ʾābîkā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your father",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*təgallēh*": "Piel imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall uncover",
"*šəʾēr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - blood relative of",
"*ʾābîkā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your father",
"*hîʾ*": "3rd feminine singular pronoun - she is"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿerwat*": "nakedness of/sexual parts of/shame of",
"*təgallēh*": "you shall uncover/you shall expose/you shall have sexual relations with",
"*šəʾēr*": "blood relative/near kin/flesh relation"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.18.13",
"source": "עֶרְוַ֥ת אֲחֽוֹת־אִמְּךָ֖ לֹ֣א תְגַלֵּ֑ה כִּֽי־שְׁאֵ֥ר אִמְּךָ֖ הִֽוא׃",
"text": "*ʿerwat* *ʾăḥôt*-*ʾimməkā* *lōʾ* *təgallēh* for *kî*-*šəʾēr* *ʾimmekā* *hîʾ*",
"grammar": {
"*ʿerwat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - nakedness of",
"*ʾăḥôt*": "noun, feminine singular construct - sister of",
"*ʾimməkā*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your mother",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*təgallēh*": "Piel imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall uncover",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*šəʾēr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - blood relative of",
"*ʾimmekā*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your mother",
"*hîʾ*": "3rd feminine singular pronoun - she is"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿerwat*": "nakedness of/sexual parts of/shame of",
"*təgallēh*": "you shall uncover/you shall expose/you shall have sexual relations with",
"*šəʾēr*": "blood relative/near kin/flesh relation"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.18.14",
"source": "עֶרְוַ֥ת אֲחִֽי־אָבִ֖יךָ לֹ֣א תְגַלֵּ֑ה אֶל־אִשְׁתּוֹ֙ לֹ֣א תִקְרָ֔ב דֹּדָֽתְךָ֖ הִֽוא׃",
"text": "*ʿerwat* *ʾăḥî*-*ʾābîkā* *lōʾ* *təgallēh* to *ʾel*-*ʾištô* *lōʾ* *tiqrāb* *dōdātəkā* *hîʾ*",
"grammar": {
"*ʿerwat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - nakedness of",
"*ʾăḥî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - brother of",
"*ʾābîkā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your father",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*təgallēh*": "Piel imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall uncover",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to",
"*ʾištô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his wife",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*tiqrāb*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall approach",
"*dōdātəkā*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your aunt",
"*hîʾ*": "3rd feminine singular pronoun - she is"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿerwat*": "nakedness of/sexual parts of/shame of",
"*təgallēh*": "you shall uncover/you shall expose/you shall have sexual relations with",
"*tiqrāb*": "you shall approach/you shall come near/you shall draw near",
"*dōdātəkā*": "your aunt/your father's brother's wife"
}
}
15 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.18.15",
"source": "עֶרְוַ֥ת כַּלָּֽתְךָ֖ לֹ֣א תְגַלֵּ֑ה אֵ֤שֶׁת בִּנְךָ֙ הִ֔וא לֹ֥א תְגַלֶּ֖ה עֶרְוָתָֽהּ׃",
"text": "*ʿerwat* *kallātəkā* *lōʾ* *təgallēh* *ʾēšet* *binkā* *hîʾ* *lōʾ* *təgalleh* *ʿerwātāh*",
"grammar": {
"*ʿerwat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - nakedness of",
"*kallātəkā*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your daughter-in-law",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*təgallēh*": "Piel imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall uncover",
"*ʾēšet*": "noun, feminine singular construct - wife of",
"*binkā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your son",
"*hîʾ*": "3rd feminine singular pronoun - she is",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*təgalleh*": "Piel imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall uncover",
"*ʿerwātāh*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her nakedness"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿerwat*": "nakedness of/sexual parts of/shame of",
"*kallātəkā*": "your daughter-in-law/your son's wife",
"*təgallēh*": "you shall uncover/you shall expose/you shall have sexual relations with"
}
}
16 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.18.16",
"source": "עֶרְוַ֥ת אֵֽשֶׁת־אָחִ֖יךָ לֹ֣א תְגַלֵּ֑ה עֶרְוַ֥ת אָחִ֖יךָ הִֽוא׃",
"text": "*ʿerwat* *ʾēšet*-*ʾāḥîkā* *lōʾ* *təgallēh* *ʿerwat* *ʾāḥîkā* *hîʾ*",
"grammar": {
"*ʿerwat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - nakedness of",
"*ʾēšet*": "noun, feminine singular construct - wife of",
"*ʾāḥîkā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your brother",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*təgallēh*": "Piel imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall uncover",
"*ʿerwat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - nakedness of",
"*ʾāḥîkā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your brother",
"*hîʾ*": "3rd feminine singular pronoun - she/it is"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿerwat*": "nakedness of/sexual parts of/shame of",
"*təgallēh*": "you shall uncover/you shall expose/you shall have sexual relations with"
}
}
17 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.18.17",
"source": "עֶרְוַ֥ת אִשָּׁ֛ה וּבִתָּ֖הּ לֹ֣א תְגַלֵּ֑ה אֶֽת־בַּת־בְּנָ֞הּ וְאֶת־בַּת־בִּתָּ֗הּ לֹ֤א תִקַּח֙ לְגַלּ֣וֹת עֶרְוָתָ֔הּ שַׁאֲרָ֥ה הֵ֖נָּה זִמָּ֥ה הִֽוא",
"text": "*ʿerwat* *ʾiššāh* and *ûbittāh* *lōʾ* *təgallēh* *ʾet*-*bat*-*bənāh* and *wəʾet*-*bat*-*bittāh* *lōʾ* *tiqqaḥ* *ləgallôt* *ʿerwātāh* *šaʾărāh* *hēnnāh* *zimmāh* *hîʾ*",
"grammar": {
"*ʿerwat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - nakedness of",
"*ʾiššāh*": "noun, feminine singular - woman/wife",
"*ûbittāh*": "waw conjunction + noun, feminine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and her daughter",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*təgallēh*": "Piel imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall uncover",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*bat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - daughter of",
"*bənāh*": "noun, masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her son",
"*wəʾet*": "waw conjunction + direct object marker",
"*bat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - daughter of",
"*bittāh*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her daughter",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*tiqqaḥ*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall take",
"*ləgallôt*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct - to uncover",
"*ʿerwātāh*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her nakedness",
"*šaʾărāh*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her flesh relation",
"*hēnnāh*": "3rd feminine plural pronoun - they are",
"*zimmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - wickedness/depravity",
"*hîʾ*": "3rd feminine singular pronoun - it is"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿerwat*": "nakedness of/sexual parts of/shame of",
"*təgallēh*": "you shall uncover/you shall expose/you shall have sexual relations with",
"*tiqqaḥ*": "you shall take/you shall marry",
"*šaʾărāh*": "her flesh relation/her blood relative/her kin",
"*zimmāh*": "wickedness/depravity/lewdness/devious plan"
}
}
18 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.18.18",
"source": "וְאִשָּׁ֥ה אֶל־אֲחֹתָ֖הּ לֹ֣א תִקָּ֑ח לִצְרֹ֗ר לְגַלּ֧וֹת עֶרְוָתָ֛הּ עָלֶ֖יהָ בְּחַיֶּֽיהָ׃",
"text": "And *wəʾiššāh* to *ʾel*-*ʾăḥōtāh* *lōʾ* *tiqqāḥ* *litsrōr* *ləgallôt* *ʿerwātāh* *ʿāleyhā* *bəḥayyeyhā*",
"grammar": {
"*wəʾiššāh*": "waw conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and a woman",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to",
"*ʾăḥōtāh*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her sister",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*tiqqāḥ*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall take",
"*litsrōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to be a rival",
"*ləgallôt*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct - to uncover",
"*ʿerwātāh*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her nakedness",
"*ʿāleyhā*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - against her/beside her",
"*bəḥayyeyhā*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural + 3rd feminine singular suffix - in her lifetime"
},
"variants": {
"*tiqqāḥ*": "you shall take/you shall marry",
"*litsrōr*": "to be a rival/to vex/to cause hostility",
"*ləgallôt* *ʿerwātāh*": "to uncover her nakedness/to have sexual relations with her",
"*ʿāleyhā*": "against her/beside her/in addition to her",
"*bəḥayyeyhā*": "in her lifetime/while she lives"
}
}
19 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.18.19",
"source": "וְאֶל־אִשָּׁ֖ה בְּנִדַּ֣ת טֻמְאָתָ֑הּ לֹ֣א תִקְרַ֔ב לְגַלּ֖וֹת עֶרְוָתָֽהּ׃",
"text": "And *wəʾel*-*ʾiššāh* in *bəniddat* *ṭumʾātāh* *lōʾ* *tiqrab* *ləgallôt* *ʿerwātāh*",
"grammar": {
"*wəʾel*": "waw conjunction + preposition - and to",
"*ʾiššāh*": "noun, feminine singular - woman",
"*bəniddat*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - in separation of",
"*ṭumʾātāh*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her uncleanness",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*tiqrab*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall approach",
"*ləgallôt*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct - to uncover",
"*ʿerwātāh*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her nakedness"
},
"variants": {
"*bəniddat* *ṭumʾātāh*": "in her menstrual impurity/during her period/during her separation",
"*tiqrab*": "you shall approach/you shall come near/you shall draw near",
"*ləgallôt* *ʿerwātāh*": "to uncover her nakedness/to have sexual relations with her"
}
}
20 {
"verseID": "Leviticus.18.20",
"source": "וְאֶל־אֵ֙שֶׁת֙ עֲמִֽיתְךָ֔ לֹא־תִתֵּ֥ן שְׁכָבְתְּךָ֖ לְזָ֑רַע לְטָמְאָה־בָֽהּ׃",
"text": "And *wəʾel*-*ʾēšet* *ʿămîtəkā* *lōʾ*-*tittēn* *šəkābəttəkā* *ləzāraʿ* *ləṭāmʾāh*-*bāh*",
"grammar": {
"*wəʾel*": "waw conjunction + preposition - and to",
"*ʾēšet*": "noun, feminine singular construct - wife of",
"*ʿămîtəkā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your neighbor/companion",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*tittēn*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall give",
"*šəkābəttəkā*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your emission of semen",
"*ləzāraʿ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to seed/for emission",
"*ləṭāmʾāh*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to become unclean",
"*bāh*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - with her"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿămîtəkā*": "your neighbor/your fellow/your companion/your friend",
"*šəkābəttəkā*": "your emission of semen/your lying down/your copulation",
"*ləzāraʿ*": "for seed/for emission/for offspring",
"*ləṭāmʾāh*-*bāh*": "to become unclean with her/to defile yourself with her"
}
}