3 {
"verseID": "Malachi.1.3",
"source": "וְאֶת־עֵשָׂ֖ו שָׂנֵ֑אתִי וָאָשִׂ֤ים אֶת־הָרָיו֙ שְׁמָמָ֔ה וְאֶת־נַחֲלָת֖וֹ לְתַנּ֥וֹת מִדְבָּֽר׃",
"text": "*wəʾeṯ*-*ʿĒśāw* *śānēʾṯî* *wāʾāśîm* *ʾeṯ*-*hārāyw* *šəmāmāh* *wəʾeṯ*-*naḥălāṯô* *ləṯannôṯ* *miḏbār*",
"grammar": {
"*wəʾeṯ*": "conjunction + direct object marker",
"*ʿĒśāw*": "proper noun - Esau",
"*śānēʾṯî*": "verb, Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have hated",
"*wāʾāśîm*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect, 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I appointed/made",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*hārāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his mountains",
"*šəmāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - desolation/waste",
"*wəʾeṯ*": "conjunction + direct object marker",
"*naḥălāṯô*": "noun, feminine singular construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his inheritance/possession",
"*ləṯannôṯ*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct - for jackals/dragons of",
"*miḏbār*": "noun, masculine singular - desert/wilderness"
},
"variants": {
"*śānēʾṯî*": "I hated/I have hated/I rejected",
"*wāʾāśîm*": "and I made/appointed/turned",
"*šəmāmāh*": "desolation/waste/wilderness",
"*naḥălāṯô*": "his inheritance/possession/territory",
"*ləṯannôṯ*": "for jackals/dragons/desert creatures",
"*miḏbār*": "wilderness/desert/wasteland"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "Malachi.1.4",
"source": "כִּֽי־תֹאמַ֨ר אֱד֜וֹם רֻשַּׁ֗שְׁנוּ וְנָשׁוּב֙ וְנִבְנֶ֣ה חֳרָב֔וֹת כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת הֵ֥מָּה יִבְנ֖וּ וַאֲנִ֣י אֶהֱר֑וֹס וְקָרְא֤וּ לָהֶם֙ גְּב֣וּל רִשְׁעָ֔ה וְהָעָ֛ם אֲשֶׁר־זָעַ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה עַד־עוֹלָֽם׃",
"text": "*kî*-*ṯōʾmar* *ʾĔḏôm* *ruššašnû* *wənāšûḇ* *wəniḇneh* *ḥŏrāḇôṯ* *kōh* *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ṣəḇāʾôṯ* *hēmmāh* *yiḇnû* *waʾănî* *ʾehĕrôs* *wəqārəʾû* *lāhem* *gəḇûl* *rišʿāh* *wəhāʿām* *ʾăšer*-*zāʿam* *YHWH* *ʿaḏ*-*ʿôlām*",
"grammar": {
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because/though",
"*ṯōʾmar*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she says/will say",
"*ʾĔḏôm*": "proper noun - Edom",
"*ruššašnû*": "verb, Pual perfect, 1st person plural - we have been broken down/impoverished",
"*wənāšûḇ*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect, 1st person plural - and we will return",
"*wəniḇneh*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect, 1st person plural - and we will build",
"*ḥŏrāḇôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - ruins/waste places",
"*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so",
"*ʾāmar*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has said",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name",
"*ṣəḇāʾôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - hosts/armies",
"*hēmmāh*": "pronoun, 3rd person masculine plural - they",
"*yiḇnû*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will build",
"*waʾănî*": "conjunction + pronoun, 1st person singular - but I",
"*ʾehĕrôs*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will tear down",
"*wəqārəʾû*": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - and they will call",
"*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them",
"*gəḇûl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - territory/border of",
"*rišʿāh*": "noun, feminine singular - wickedness/evil",
"*wəhāʿām*": "conjunction + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and the people",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who/which/that",
"*zāʿam*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has been indignant/angry",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name",
"*ʿaḏ*": "preposition - until/forever",
"*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular - eternity/everlasting"
},
"variants": {
"*kî*": "for/because/though/when",
"*ruššašnû*": "we are beaten down/impoverished/destroyed",
"*ḥŏrāḇôṯ*": "ruins/waste places/desolations",
"*ṣəḇāʾôṯ*": "hosts/armies/of armies",
"*ʾehĕrôs*": "I will destroy/tear down/overthrow",
"*gəḇûl*": "territory/border/region",
"*rišʿāh*": "wickedness/evil/guilt",
"*zāʿam*": "denounced/been angry/cursed",
"*ʿaḏ*-*ʿôlām*": "forever/perpetually/for all time"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "Malachi.1.5",
"source": "וְעֵינֵיכֶ֖ם תִּרְאֶ֑ינָה וְאַתֶּ֤ם תֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ יִגְדַּ֣ל יְהוָ֔ה מֵעַ֖ל לִגְב֥וּל יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃",
"text": "*wəʿênêḵem* *tirʾeynāh* *wəʾattem* *tōʾmərû* *yiḡdal* *YHWH* *mēʿal* *liḡḇûl* *Yiśrāʾēl*",
"grammar": {
"*wəʿênêḵem*": "conjunction + noun, feminine dual construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - and your eyes",
"*tirʾeynāh*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine plural - they will see",
"*wəʾattem*": "conjunction + pronoun, 2nd person masculine plural - and you",
"*tōʾmərû*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will say",
"*yiḡdal*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular jussive - may he be magnified/let him be great",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name",
"*mēʿal*": "preposition + preposition - from upon/beyond",
"*liḡḇûl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - to the border/territory of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel"
},
"variants": {
"*tirʾeynāh*": "they will see/they shall see/they will witness",
"*yiḡdal*": "may he be magnified/be great/is magnified",
"*mēʿal*": "beyond/above/from upon",
"*liḡḇûl*": "to the border/territory/region"
}
}
6 {
"verseID": "Malachi.1.6",
"source": "בֵּ֛ן יְכַבֵּ֥ד אָ֖ב וְעֶ֣בֶד אֲדֹנָ֑יו וְאִם־אָ֣ב אָ֣נִי אַיֵּ֣ה כְבוֹדִ֡י וְאִם־אֲדוֹנִ֣ים אָנִי֩ אַיֵּ֨ה מוֹרָאִ֜י אָמַ֣ר ׀ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֗וֹת לָכֶם֙ הַכֹּֽהֲנִים֙ בּוֹזֵ֣י שְׁמִ֔י וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֕ם בַּמֶּ֥ה בָזִ֖ינוּ אֶת־שְׁמֶֽךָ׃",
"text": "*bēn* *yəḵabbēḏ* *ʾāḇ* *wəʿeḇeḏ* *ʾăḏōnāyw* *wəʾim*-*ʾāḇ* *ʾānî* *ʾayyēh* *ḵəḇôḏî* *wəʾim*-*ʾăḏônîm* *ʾānî* *ʾayyēh* *môrāʾî* *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ṣəḇāʾôṯ* *lāḵem* *hakkōhănîm* *bôzê* *šəmî* *waʾămartem* *bammeh* *bāzînû* *ʾeṯ*-*šəmeḵā*",
"grammar": {
"*bēn*": "noun, masculine singular - son",
"*yəḵabbēḏ*": "verb, Piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he honors",
"*ʾāḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - father",
"*wəʿeḇeḏ*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and servant/slave",
"*ʾăḏōnāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his masters/lords",
"*wəʾim*": "conjunction + conditional particle - and if",
"*ʾāḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - father",
"*ʾānî*": "pronoun, 1st person singular - I",
"*ʾayyēh*": "interrogative adverb - where",
"*ḵəḇôḏî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my honor",
"*wəʾim*": "conjunction + conditional particle - and if",
"*ʾăḏônîm*": "noun, masculine plural - lords/masters",
"*ʾānî*": "pronoun, 1st person singular - I",
"*ʾayyēh*": "interrogative adverb - where",
"*môrāʾî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my fear/reverence",
"*ʾāmar*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has said",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name",
"*ṣəḇāʾôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - hosts/armies",
"*lāḵem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - to you",
"*hakkōhănîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the priests",
"*bôzê*": "participle, Qal masculine plural construct - despisers of",
"*šəmî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my name",
"*waʾămartem*": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - and you have said",
"*bammeh*": "preposition + interrogative - in what way/how",
"*bāzînû*": "verb, Qal perfect, 1st person plural - we have despised",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*šəmeḵā*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your name"
},
"variants": {
"*yəḵabbēḏ*": "honors/respects/glorifies",
"*ʾăḏōnāyw*": "his masters/his lord/his owner",
"*ḵəḇôḏî*": "my honor/my glory/my respect",
"*môrāʾî*": "my fear/my reverence/dread of me",
"*bôzê*": "despisers of/those who despise/those showing contempt for",
"*bammeh*": "in what way/how/wherein"
}
}