Nehemiah 9:17

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.17", "source": "וַיְמָאֲנ֣וּ לִשְׁמֹ֗עַ וְלֹא־זָכְר֤וּ נִפְלְאֹתֶ֙יךָ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִׂ֣יתָ עִמָּהֶ֔ם וַיַּקְשׁוּ֙ אֶת־עָרְפָּ֔ם וַיִּתְּנוּ־רֹ֛אשׁ לָשׁ֥וּב לְעַבְדֻתָ֖ם בְּמִרְיָ֑ם וְאַתָּה֩ אֱל֨וֹהַּ סְלִיח֜וֹת חַנּ֧וּן וְרַח֛וּם אֶֽרֶךְ־אַפַּ֥יִם וְרַב־חֶ֖סֶד וְלֹ֥א עֲזַבְתָּֽם׃", "text": "*wayməʾănû lišmōaʿ wə-lōʾ-zāḵərû niplə'ōteyḵā ʾăšer ʿāśîtā ʿimmāhem wayyaqšû ʾet-ʿorpām wayyittənû-rōʾš lāšûb ləʿabdutām bəmiryām wə-ʾattāh ʾĕlôah səlîḥôt ḥannûn wə-raḥûm ʾereḵ-ʾappayim wə-rab-ḥesed wə-lōʾ ʿăzabtām", "grammar": { "*wayməʾănû*": "conjunction + piel imperfect, 3mp - and they refused", "*lišmōaʿ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to hear/listen", "*wə-lōʾ-zāḵərû*": "conjunction + negative particle + qal perfect, 3mp - and they did not remember", "*niplə'ōteyḵā*": "noun, feminine plural + 2ms suffix - your wonders", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*ʿāśîtā*": "qal perfect, 2ms - you did/performed", "*ʿimmāhem*": "preposition + 3mp suffix - with them", "*wayyaqšû*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect, 3mp - and they hardened", "*ʾet-ʿorpām*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular + 3mp suffix - their neck", "*wayyittənû-rōʾš*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3mp + noun, masculine singular - and they appointed a head", "*lāšûb*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to return", "*ləʿabdutām*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 3mp suffix - to their bondage/slavery", "*bəmiryām*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3mp suffix - in their rebellion", "*wə-ʾattāh*": "conjunction + 2ms pronoun - and you", "*ʾĕlôah*": "noun, masculine singular - God", "*səlîḥôt*": "noun, feminine plural - forgivenesses", "*ḥannûn*": "adjective, masculine singular - gracious", "*wə-raḥûm*": "conjunction + adjective, masculine singular - and merciful", "*ʾereḵ-ʾappayim*": "adjective + noun, masculine dual - slow to anger/long of nostrils", "*wə-rab-ḥesed*": "conjunction + adjective + noun - and abundant in lovingkindness", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ʿăzabtām*": "qal perfect, 2ms + 3mp suffix - you forsook them" }, "variants": { "*wayməʾănû*": "refused/declined/were unwilling", "*niplə'ōteyḵā*": "your wonders/your miracles/your marvelous works", "*wayyittənû-rōʾš*": "appointed a head/set a leader/made a decision", "*lāšûb ləʿabdutām*": "to return to their bondage/to go back to slavery/to return to servitude", "*bəmiryām*": "in their rebellion/in their defiance/in their disobedience", "*ʾĕlôah səlîḥôt*": "God of forgivenesses/forgiving God", "*ḥannûn wə-raḥûm*": "gracious and merciful/compassionate and kind", "*ʾereḵ-ʾappayim*": "slow to anger/patient/long-suffering", "*rab-ḥesed*": "abundant in lovingkindness/great in mercy/full of steadfast love" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיְמָאֲנ֣וּ לִשְׁמֹ֗עַ וְלֹא־זָכְר֤וּ נִפְלְאֹתֶ֙יךָ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִׂ֣יתָ עִמָּהֶ֔ם וַיַּקְשׁוּ֙ אֶת־עָרְפָּ֔ם וַיִּתְּנוּ־רֹ֛אשׁ לָשׁ֥וּב לְעַבְדֻתָ֖ם בְּמִרְיָ֑ם וְאַתָּה֩ אֱל֨וֹהַּ סְלִיח֜וֹת חַנּ֧וּן וְרַח֛וּם אֶֽרֶךְ־אַפַּ֥יִם וְרַב־חֶ֖סֶד וְלֹ֥א עֲזַבְתָּֽם׃

Transliteration

*wayməʾănû lišmōaʿ wə-lōʾ-zāḵərû niplə'ōteyḵā ʾăšer ʿāśîtā ʿimmāhem wayyaqšû ʾet-ʿorpām wayyittənû-rōʾš lāšûb ləʿabdutām bəmiryām wə-ʾattāh ʾĕlôah səlîḥôt ḥannûn wə-raḥûm ʾereḵ-ʾappayim wə-rab-ḥesed wə-lōʾ ʿăzabtām

Grammar Details

• *wayməʾănû*: conjunction + piel imperfect, 3mp - and they refused
• *lišmōaʿ*: preposition + qal infinitive construct - to hear/listen
• *wə-lōʾ-zāḵərû*: conjunction + negative particle + qal perfect, 3mp - and they did not remember
• *niplə'ōteyḵā*: noun, feminine plural + 2ms suffix - your wonders
• *ʾăšer*: relative pronoun - which
• *ʿāśîtā*: qal perfect, 2ms - you did/performed
• *ʿimmāhem*: preposition + 3mp suffix - with them
• *wayyaqšû*: conjunction + hiphil imperfect, 3mp - and they hardened
• *ʾet-ʿorpām*: direct object marker + noun, masculine singular + 3mp suffix - their neck
• *wayyittənû-rōʾš*: conjunction + qal imperfect, 3mp + noun, masculine singular - and they appointed a head
• *lāšûb*: preposition + qal infinitive construct - to return
• *ləʿabdutām*: preposition + noun, feminine singular + 3mp suffix - to their bondage/slavery
• *bəmiryām*: preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3mp suffix - in their rebellion
• *wə-ʾattāh*: conjunction + 2ms pronoun - and you
• *ʾĕlôah*: noun, masculine singular - God
• *səlîḥôt*: noun, feminine plural - forgivenesses
• *ḥannûn*: adjective, masculine singular - gracious
• *wə-raḥûm*: conjunction + adjective, masculine singular - and merciful
• *ʾereḵ-ʾappayim*: adjective + noun, masculine dual - slow to anger/long of nostrils
• *wə-rab-ḥesed*: conjunction + adjective + noun - and abundant in lovingkindness
• *wə-lōʾ*: conjunction + negative particle - and not
• *ʿăzabtām*: qal perfect, 2ms + 3mp suffix - you forsook them

Word Meanings

• *wayməʾănû*: refused/declined/were unwilling
• *niplə'ōteyḵā*: your wonders/your miracles/your marvelous works
• *wayyittənû-rōʾš*: appointed a head/set a leader/made a decision
• *lāšûb ləʿabdutām*: to return to their bondage/to go back to slavery/to return to servitude
• *bəmiryām*: in their rebellion/in their defiance/in their disobedience
• *ʾĕlôah səlîḥôt*: God of forgivenesses/forgiving God
• *ḥannûn wə-raḥûm*: gracious and merciful/compassionate and kind
• *ʾereḵ-ʾappayim*: slow to anger/patient/long-suffering
• *rab-ḥesed*: abundant in lovingkindness/great in mercy/full of steadfast love

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  They refused to listen and did not remember the wonders You performed among them. They stiffened their necks and appointed a leader to return to their slavery in Egypt. But You are a forgiving God, gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and abundant in faithful love, and You did not abandon them.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And refused to obey, ither were mindful of thy wonders that thou didst among them; but harded their cks, and in their rebellion appointed a captain to return to their bondage: but thou art a God ready to pardon, gracious and merciful, slow to anger, and of great kindss, and forsookest them not.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  They refused to obey, and were not mindful of Your wonders that You did among them. But they hardened their necks, and in their rebellion appointed a leader to return to their bondage. But You are a God ready to pardon, gracious and merciful, slow to anger, and abundant in kindness, and did not forsake them.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And refused to obey, neither were mindful of thy wonders that thou didst among them; but hardened their necks, and in their rebellion appointed a captain to return to their bondage: but thou art a God ready to pardon, gracious and merciful, slow to anger, and of great kindness, and forsookest them not.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  and refused to obey, neither were mindful of thy wonders that thou didst among them, but hardened their neck, and in their rebellion appointed a captain to return to their bondage. But thou art a God ready to pardon, gracious and merciful, slow to anger, and abundant in lovingkindness, and forsookest them not.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And refused to obey, neither were mindful of thy wonders that thou didst among them; but hardened their necks, and in their rebellion appointed a captain to return to their bondage: but thou art a God ready to pardon, gracious and merciful, slow to anger, and of great kindness, and forsookest them not.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  and refused to heare, and were not myndefull of the wonders yt thou dyddest for them: but became obstynate and heady, in so moch that they turned back to their bondage in their dishobedience. But thou my God forgauest, and wast gracious, mercifull, pacient, and of greate goodnesse, and forsokest them not.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  But refused to obey, & would not remember thy marueilous works that thou haddest done for them, but hardened their neckes, and had in their heads to returne to their bondage by their rebellion: but thou, O God of mercies, gratious and full of compassion, of long suffring and of great mercie, yet forsookest them not.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And woulde not obey, neither were mindeful of the wonders that thou diddest for the: but hardened their neckes, and had in their heades to returne to their bondage by their rebellion: But thou O God of mercies, gracious, and full of compassion, of long suffering, and of great mercie, yet forsookest them not.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And refused to obey, neither were mindful of thy wonders that thou didst among them; but hardened their necks, and in their rebellion appointed a captain to return to their bondage: but thou [art] a God ready to pardon, gracious and merciful, slow to anger, and of great kindness, and forsookest them not.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  and refused to obey, neither were mindful of your wonders that you did among them, but hardened their neck, and in their rebellion appointed a captain to return to their bondage. But you are a God ready to pardon, gracious and merciful, slow to anger, and abundant in loving kindness, and didn't forsake them.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  yea, they refuse to hearken, and have not remembered Thy wonders that Thou hast done with them, and harden their neck and appoint a head, to turn back to their service, in their rebellion; and Thou `art' a God of pardons, gracious, and merciful, long-suffering, and abundant in kindness, and hast not forsaken them.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and refused to obey, neither were mindful of thy wonders that thou didst among them, but hardened their neck, and in their rebellion appointed a captain to return to their bondage. But thou art a God ready to pardon, gracious and merciful, slow to anger, and abundant in lovingkindness, and forsookest them not.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and refused to obey, neither were mindful of thy wonders that thou didst among them, but hardened their neck, and in their rebellion appointed a captain to return to their bondage. But thou art a God ready to pardon, gracious and merciful, slow to anger, and abundant in lovingkindness, and forsookest them not.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And would not do them, and gave no thought to the wonders you had done among them; but made their necks stiff, and turning away from you, made a captain over themselves to take them back to their prison in Egypt: but you are a God of forgiveness, full of grace and pity, slow to wrath and great in mercy, and you did not give them up.

• World English Bible (2000)

  and refused to obey, neither were they mindful of your wonders that you did among them, but hardened their neck, and in their rebellion appointed a captain to return to their bondage. But you are a God ready to pardon, gracious and merciful, slow to anger, and abundant in loving kindness, and didn't forsake them.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  They refused to obey and did not recall your miracles that you had performed among them. Instead, they rebelled and appointed a leader to return to their bondage in Egypt. But you are a God of forgiveness, merciful and compassionate, slow to get angry and unfailing in your loyal love. You did not abandon them,

Referenced Verses

• Ps 78:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.11", "source": "וַיִּשְׁכְּח֥וּ עֲלִילוֹתָ֑יו וְ֝נִפְלְאוֹתָ֗יו אֲשֶׁ֣ר הֶרְאָֽם׃", "text": "And they *wayyišəkᵉḥû* his *ʿălîlôtāyw* and his *wᵉnip̄lᵉʾôtāyw* *ʾăšer* he *herʾām*", "grammar": { "*wayyišəkᵉḥû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they forgot", "*ʿălîlôtāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his deeds/works", "*wᵉnip̄lᵉʾôtāyw*": "waw conjunctive + noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his wonders/marvelous deeds", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - which/that", "*herʾām*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he showed/caused them to see" }, "variants": { "*wayyišəkᵉḥû*": "and they forgot/neglected/ignored", "*ʿălîlôtāyw*": "his deeds/works/actions/practices", "*nip̄lᵉʾôtāyw*": "his wonders/marvelous deeds/miracles", "*herʾām*": "he showed them/caused them to see/displayed to them" } }
• Ps 86:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Psalms.86.5", "source": "כִּֽי־אַתָּ֣ה אֲ֭דֹנָי ט֣וֹב וְסַלָּ֑ח וְרַב־חֶ֝֗סֶד לְכָל־קֹרְאֶֽיךָ", "text": "*kî*-*ʾattâ* *ʾădōnāy* *ṭôb* *wᵉsallāḥ* *wᵉrab*-*ḥesed* *lᵉkol*-*qōrᵉʾêkā*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾattâ*": "2nd person masculine singular pronoun - you", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun with possessive suffix - my Lord", "*ṭôb*": "adjective masculine singular - good", "*wᵉsallāḥ*": "conjunction + adjective masculine singular - and forgiving", "*wᵉrab*-*ḥesed*": "conjunction + adjective construct + noun - and abundant of steadfast love", "*lᵉkol*-*qōrᵉʾêkā*": "preposition + noun construct + participle verb, qal + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to all of those calling you" }, "variants": { "*ṭôb*": "good/pleasant/agreeable", "*sallāḥ*": "forgiving/pardoning/ready to forgive", "*rab*-*ḥesed*": "abundant in steadfast love/plenteous in mercy/great in lovingkindness", "*qōrᵉʾêkā*": "those who call upon you/those who cry to you/those who invoke you" } }
• Ps 86:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Psalms.86.15", "source": "וְאַתָּ֣ה אֲ֭דֹנָי אֵל־רַח֣וּם וְחַנּ֑וּן אֶ֥רֶךְ אַ֝פַּ֗יִם וְרַב־חֶ֥סֶד וֶאֱמֶֽת", "text": "*wᵉʾattâ* *ʾădōnāy* *ʾēl*-*raḥûm* *wᵉḥannûn* *ʾerek* *ʾappayim* *wᵉrab*-*ḥesed* *weʾĕmet*", "grammar": { "*wᵉʾattâ*": "conjunction + 2nd person masculine singular pronoun - but you", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun with possessive suffix - my Lord", "*ʾēl*-*raḥûm*": "noun + adjective masculine singular - God merciful", "*wᵉḥannûn*": "conjunction + adjective masculine singular - and gracious", "*ʾerek*": "adjective construct - slow of/long of", "*ʾappayim*": "noun masculine dual - nostrils/anger", "*wᵉrab*-*ḥesed*": "conjunction + adjective construct + noun - and abundant of steadfast love", "*weʾĕmet*": "conjunction + noun - and truth/faithfulness" }, "variants": { "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/mighty one", "*raḥûm*": "merciful/compassionate", "*ḥannûn*": "gracious/showing favor", "*ʾerek* *ʾappayim*": "slow to anger/patient/longsuffering", "*rab*-*ḥesed*": "abundant in steadfast love/plenteous in mercy/great in lovingkindness", "*ʾĕmet*": "truth/faithfulness/reliability" } }
• Ps 78:42-43 : 42 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.42", "source": "לֹא־זָכְר֥וּ אֶת־יָד֑וֹ י֝֗וֹם אֲ‍ֽשֶׁר־פָּדָ֥ם מִנִּי־צָֽר׃", "text": "not-*zākrû* *ʾet*-*yādō* *yōm* that-*pādām* from-*ṣār*", "grammar": { "*zākrû*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural - they remembered", "*yādō*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand", "*yōm*": "masculine singular noun - day", "*pādām*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - he redeemed them", "*ṣār*": "masculine singular noun - adversary/enemy" }, "variants": { "*yādō*": "his hand/his power", "*pādām*": "redeemed them/ransomed them/rescued them", "*ṣār*": "adversary/enemy/foe/distress" } } 43 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.43", "source": "אֲשֶׁר־שָׂ֣ם בְּ֭מִצְרַיִם אֹֽתוֹתָ֑יו וּ֝מוֹפְתָ֗יו בִּשְׂדֵה־צֹֽעַן׃", "text": "which-*śām* in-*miṣrayim* *ʾōtōtāyw* and-*mōphətāyw* in-*śədēh*-*ṣōʿan*", "grammar": { "*śām*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he placed/set", "*miṣrayim*": "proper name - Egypt", "*ʾōtōtāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his signs", "*mōphətāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his wonders/portents", "*śədēh*": "masculine singular construct - field of", "*ṣōʿan*": "proper name - Zoan" }, "variants": { "*śām*": "placed/set/established", "*ʾōtōtāyw*": "his signs/his tokens/his omens", "*mōphətāyw*": "his wonders/his portents/his miracles", "*śədēh*": "field/countryside/territory" } }
• Num 14:3-4 : 3 { "verseID": "Numbers.14.3", "source": "וְלָמָ֣ה יְ֠הוָה מֵבִ֨יא אֹתָ֜נוּ אֶל־הָאָ֤רֶץ הַזֹּאת֙ לִנְפֹּ֣ל בַּחֶ֔רֶב נָשֵׁ֥ינוּ וְטַפֵּ֖נוּ יִהְי֣וּ לָבַ֑ז הֲל֧וֹא ט֦וֹב לָ֖נוּ שׁ֥וּב מִצְרָֽיְמָה׃", "text": "And why *YHWH* *mēḇîʾ* us to the *hāʾāreṣ* the this to *lipōl* by the *ḥereḇ* our *nāšênû* and our *ṭappēnû* will be for *lāḇaz* is not *ṭôḇ* for us *šûḇ* to *miṣrāymâ*.", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*mēḇîʾ*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - bringing", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the land", "*lipōl*": "qal infinitive construct with preposition - to fall", "*ḥereḇ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the sword", "*nāšênû*": "feminine plural noun with 1st plural suffix - our wives", "*ṭappēnû*": "masculine singular noun with 1st plural suffix - our little ones", "*lāḇaz*": "masculine singular noun with preposition - for plunder/prey", "*ṭôḇ*": "adjective, masculine singular - good", "*šûḇ*": "qal infinitive construct - to return", "*miṣrāymâ*": "proper noun with directional he - to Egypt" }, "variants": { "*mēḇîʾ*": "bringing/leading/causing to come", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "land/country/territory", "*lipōl*": "to fall/die/be killed", "*ḥereḇ*": "sword/warfare/violence", "*nāšênû*": "our wives/women", "*ṭappēnû*": "our little ones/children/infants", "*lāḇaz*": "plunder/prey/spoil", "*ṭôḇ*": "good/pleasant/beneficial", "*šûḇ*": "return/go back/turn back" } } 4 { "verseID": "Numbers.14.4", "source": "וַיֹּאמְר֖וּ אִ֣ישׁ אֶל־אָחִ֑יו נִתְּנָ֥ה רֹ֖אשׁ וְנָשׁ֥וּבָה מִצְרָֽיְמָה׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmĕrû* *ʾîš* to his *ʾāḥîw* we shall *nittĕnâ* *rōʾš* and we shall *wĕnāšûḇâ* to *miṣrāymâ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmĕrû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd plural - and they said", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - each man", "*ʾāḥîw*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his brother", "*nittĕnâ*": "qal imperfect cohortative, 1st plural - let us appoint", "*rōʾš*": "masculine singular noun - head/leader", "*wĕnāšûḇâ*": "qal imperfect cohortative, 1st plural with vav consecutive - and let us return", "*miṣrāymâ*": "proper noun with directional he - to Egypt" }, "variants": { "*ʾîš*": "man/each one/person", "*ʾāḥîw*": "brother/fellow/companion", "*nittĕnâ*": "let us give/appoint/make", "*rōʾš*": "head/leader/chief", "*wĕnāšûḇâ*": "let us return/go back/turn back" } }
• Joel 2:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Joel.2.13", "source": "וְקִרְע֤וּ לְבַבְכֶם֙ וְאַל־בִּגְדֵיכֶ֔ם וְשׁ֖וּבוּ אֶל־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֑ם כִּֽי־חַנּ֤וּן וְרַחוּם֙ ה֔וּא אֶ֤רֶךְ אַפַּ֙יִם֙ וְרַב־חֶ֔סֶד וְנִחָ֖ם עַל־הָרָעָֽה׃", "text": "And-*qirʿû* *lebabkhem* and-not-*bigdêkhem* and-*shûbû* to-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkhem* because-*ḥannûn* and-*raḥûm* *hûʾ* *ʾerekh* *ʾappayim* and-*rab*-*ḥesed* and-*niḥām* upon-the-*hārāʿâ*.", "grammar": { "*qirʿû*": "qal imperative, 2nd person masculine plural - tear/rend", "*lebabkhem*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your heart", "*bigdêkhem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your garments", "*shûbû*": "qal imperative, 2nd person masculine plural - return/turn", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkhem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God", "*ḥannûn*": "masculine singular adjective - gracious", "*raḥûm*": "masculine singular adjective - compassionate", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*ʾerekh*": "masculine singular construct - long of", "*ʾappayim*": "masculine dual noun - nostrils/anger", "*rab*": "masculine singular construct - abundant of", "*ḥesed*": "masculine singular noun - lovingkindness/steadfast love", "*niḥām*": "niphal participle, masculine singular - relenting/compassionate", "*hārāʿâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the evil/calamity" }, "variants": { "*qirʿû*": "tear/rend/split", "*ḥannûn*": "gracious/merciful/favorable", "*raḥûm*": "compassionate/merciful", "*ʾerekh* *ʾappayim*": "slow to anger/patient/longsuffering", "*rab*-*ḥesed*": "abundant in lovingkindness/great in steadfast love", "*niḥām*": "relenting/compassionate/repenting", "*hārāʿâ*": "the evil/calamity/disaster/harm" } }
• Mic 7:18-19 : 18 { "verseID": "Micah.7.18", "source": "מִי־אֵ֣ל כָּמ֗וֹךָ נֹשֵׂ֤א עָוֺן֙ וְעֹבֵ֣ר עַל־פֶּ֔שַׁע לִשְׁאֵרִ֖ית נַחֲלָת֑וֹ לֹא־הֶחֱזִ֤יק לָעַד֙ אַפּ֔וֹ כִּֽי־חָפֵ֥ץ חֶ֖סֶד הֽוּא׃", "text": "Who is-*ʾēl* like you, *nōśēʾ* *ʿāwōn* and *ʿōbēr* upon-*pešaʿ* for-*šəʾērît* his *naḥălātô*? Not-*heḥĕzîq* forever his *ʾappô*, for-*ḥāpēṣ* *ḥesed* he.", "grammar": { "*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - God/deity", "*kāmôkā*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - like you", "*nōśēʾ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - bearing/forgiving", "*ʿāwōn*": "masculine singular noun - iniquity", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʿōbēr*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - passing over", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon", "*pešaʿ*": "masculine singular noun - transgression", "*li-šəʾērît*": "preposition + feminine singular construct noun - for remnant of", "*naḥălātô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his inheritance", "*lō*": "negative particle - not", "*heḥĕzîq*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he has retained/held", "*lā-ʿad*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - forever", "*ʾappô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his anger", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ḥāpēṣ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - delighting in", "*ḥesed*": "masculine singular noun - lovingkindness/steadfast love", "*hû*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he" }, "variants": { "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/mighty one", "*nōśēʾ ʿāwōn*": "bearing iniquity/forgiving sin/carrying guilt", "*ʿōbēr ʿal-pešaʿ*": "passing over transgression/overlooking rebellion", "*šəʾērît naḥălātô*": "remnant of his inheritance/remainder of his heritage", "*heḥĕzîq lā-ʿad ʾappô*": "retained his anger forever/held onto his wrath", "*ḥāpēṣ ḥesed*": "delights in mercy/loves kindness/desires lovingkindness" } } 19 { "verseID": "Micah.7.19", "source": "יָשׁ֣וּב יְרַֽחֲמֵ֔נוּ יִכְבֹּ֖שׁ עֲוֺֽנֹתֵ֑ינוּ וְתַשְׁלִ֛יךְ בִּמְצֻל֥וֹת יָ֖ם כָּל־חַטֹּאותָֽם׃", "text": "He will *yāšûb* *yəraḥămēnû*, he will *yikbōš* our *ʿăwōnōtênû*, and you will *tašlîk* in-*məṣūlôt* *yām* all-their *ḥaṭṭōʾûtām*.", "grammar": { "*yāšûb*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will return/turn", "*yəraḥămēnû*": "Piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - he will have compassion on us", "*yikbōš*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will subdue/tread down", "*ʿăwōnōtênû*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - our iniquities", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*tašlîk*": "Hiphil imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will cast", "*bi-məṣūlôt*": "preposition + feminine plural construct noun - in depths of", "*yām*": "masculine singular noun - sea", "*kol*": "masculine singular construct - all of", "*ḥaṭṭōʾûtām*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sins" }, "variants": { "*yāšûb*": "he will return/turn again/repent", "*yəraḥămēnû*": "he will have compassion on us/have mercy on us", "*yikbōš*": "he will subdue/tread underfoot/suppress", "*ʿăwōnōtênû*": "our iniquities/sins/wrongdoings", "*tašlîk*": "you will cast/throw/hurl", "*məṣūlôt yām*": "depths of sea/ocean depths/deep waters", "*ḥaṭṭōʾûtām*": "their sins/offenses/transgressions" } }
• Matt 16:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "Matthew.16.9", "source": "Οὔπω νοεῖτε, οὐδὲ μνημονεύετε τοὺς πέντε ἄρτους τῶν πεντακισχιλίων, καὶ πόσους κοφίνους ἐλάβετε;", "text": "Not yet *noeite*, neither *mnēmoneuete* the five *artous* of the *pentakischiliōn*, and how many *kophinous* you *elabete*?", "grammar": { "*noeite*": "present active indicative, 2nd person plural - you understand/perceive", "*mnēmoneuete*": "present active indicative, 2nd person plural - you remember", "*artous*": "accusative plural masculine - loaves of bread", "*pentakischiliōn*": "genitive plural masculine - five thousand", "*kophinous*": "accusative plural masculine - baskets", "*elabete*": "aorist active indicative, 2nd person plural - you took/received" }, "variants": { "*noeite*": "understand/perceive/comprehend", "*mnēmoneuete*": "remember/recall/keep in mind", "*kophinous*": "baskets/hampers", "*elabete*": "you took/received/gathered" } } 10 { "verseID": "Matthew.16.10", "source": "Οὐδὲ τοὺς ἑπτὰ ἄρτους τῶν τετρακισχιλίων, καὶ πόσας σπυρίδας ἐλάβετε;", "text": "Neither the seven *artous* of the *tetrakischiliōn*, and how many *spyridas* you *elabete*?", "grammar": { "*artous*": "accusative plural masculine - loaves of bread", "*tetrakischiliōn*": "genitive plural masculine - four thousand", "*spyridas*": "accusative plural feminine - large baskets", "*elabete*": "aorist active indicative, 2nd person plural - you took/received" }, "variants": { "*spyridas*": "large baskets/hampers (bigger than *kophinous*)", "*elabete*": "you took/received/gathered" } } 11 { "verseID": "Matthew.16.11", "source": "Πῶς οὐ νοεῖτε ὅτι οὐ περὶ ἄρτοῦ, εἶπον ὑμῖν προσέχειν ἀπὸ τῆς ζύμης τῶν Φαρισαίων καὶ Σαδδουκαίων;", "text": "How not *noeite* that not concerning *artou*, I *eipon* to you to *prosechein* from the *zymēs* of the *Pharisaiōn* and *Saddoukaiōn*?", "grammar": { "*noeite*": "present active indicative, 2nd person plural - you understand/perceive", "*artou*": "genitive singular masculine - of bread", "*eipon*": "aorist active indicative, 1st person singular - I said", "*prosechein*": "present active infinitive - to take heed/beware", "*zymēs*": "genitive singular feminine - leaven/yeast", "*Pharisaiōn*": "genitive plural masculine - of Pharisees", "*Saddoukaiōn*": "genitive plural masculine - of Sadducees" }, "variants": { "*noeite*": "understand/perceive/comprehend", "*prosechein*": "to take heed/beware/be cautious", "*zymēs*": "leaven/yeast/fermentation" } }
• Acts 7:39 : 39 { "verseID": "Acts.7.39", "source": "ᾯ οὐκ ἠθέλησαν ὑπήκοοι γενέσθαι οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν, ἀλλʼ ἀπώσαντο, καὶ ἐστράφησαν ταῖς καρδίαις αὐτῶν εἰς Αἴγυπτον,", "text": "To whom *ouk* *ēthelēsan* *hypēkooi* *genesthai* the *pateres* of us, *all'* *apōsanto*, *kai* *estraphēsan* the *kardiais* of them *eis* *Aigypton*,", "grammar": { "*ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*ēthelēsan*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they wished/wanted", "*hypēkooi*": "nominative masculine plural - obedient", "*genesthai*": "aorist middle infinitive - to become", "*pateres*": "nominative masculine plural - fathers", "*all'*": "contrastive conjunction - but", "*apōsanto*": "aorist middle indicative, 3rd person plural - they pushed away/rejected", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*estraphēsan*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person plural - they turned/were turned", "*kardiais*": "dative feminine plural - hearts", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - to/toward" }, "variants": { "*ēthelēsan*": "they wished/wanted/were willing", "*hypēkooi*": "obedient/submissive/compliant", "*genesthai*": "to become/be", "*pateres*": "fathers/ancestors/forefathers", "*apōsanto*": "they pushed away/rejected/thrust away", "*estraphēsan*": "they turned/were turned/returned", "*kardiais*": "hearts/minds/inner beings" } }
• Rom 9:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Romans.9.15", "source": "Τῷ γὰρ Μωϋσεῖ λέγει, Ἐλεήσω ὃν ἂν ἐλεῶ, καὶ οἰκτειρήσω ὃν ἂν οἰκτείρω.", "text": "For to *Mōusei legei*, I will *eleēsō* whom *an eleō*, and I will *oikteirēsō* whom *an oikteirō*.", "grammar": { "*Mōusei*": "dative, masculine, singular - to Moses", "*legei*": "present, indicative, active, 3rd person singular - he says", "*eleēsō*": "future, indicative, active, 1st person singular - I will have mercy", "*an*": "particle - ever/if/would", "*eleō*": "present, subjunctive, active, 1st person singular - I may have mercy", "*oikteirēsō*": "future, indicative, active, 1st person singular - I will have compassion", "*oikteirō*": "present, subjunctive, active, 1st person singular - I may have compassion" }, "variants": { "*legei*": "he says/tells/speaks", "*eleēsō*": "I will have mercy/I will show mercy", "*an*": "ever/if/would [indicating contingency]", "*eleō*": "I may have mercy/I choose to show mercy", "*oikteirēsō*": "I will have compassion/I will show pity", "*oikteirō*": "I may have compassion/I choose to show pity" } }
• Eph 1:6-7 : 6 { "verseID": "Ephesians.1.6", "source": "Εἰς ἔπαινον δόξης τῆς χάριτος αὐτοῦ, ἐν ᾗ ἐχαρίτωσεν ἡμᾶς ἐν τῷ ἠγαπημένῳ.", "text": "Unto *epainon doxēs* of the *charitos* of him, in which he *echaritōsen* us in the *ēgapēmenō*.", "grammar": { "*Eis*": "preposition governing accusative - purpose", "*epainon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - object of preposition", "*doxēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - descriptive", "*charitos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - possessive", "*autou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - possessive", "*en*": "preposition governing dative - reference", "*hē*": "relative pronoun, dative, feminine, singular - antecedent is *charitos*", "*echaritōsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - main verb", "*hēmas*": "accusative, plural - direct object", "*en*": "preposition governing dative - sphere/location", "*ēgapēmenō*": "perfect passive participle, dative, masculine, singular - substantive/object of preposition" }, "variants": { "*epainon*": "praise/commendation", "*doxēs*": "glory/splendor/honor", "*charitos*": "grace/favor/goodwill", "*echaritōsen*": "bestowed grace/favored/made accepted", "*ēgapēmenō*": "beloved/one who is loved" } } 7 { "verseID": "Ephesians.1.7", "source": "Ἐν ᾧ ἔχομεν τὴν ἀπολύτρωσιν διὰ τοῦ αἵματος αὐτοῦ, τὴν ἄφεσιν τῶν παραπτωμάτων, κατὰ τὸν πλοῦτον τῆς χάριτος αὐτοῦ·", "text": "In whom we *echomen* the *apolytrōsin* through the *haimatos* of him, the *aphesin* of the *paraptōmatōn*, according to the *plouton* of the *charitos* of him;", "grammar": { "*En*": "preposition governing dative - sphere/location", "*hō*": "relative pronoun, dative, masculine, singular - referring to *ēgapēmenō*", "*echomen*": "present active indicative, 1st plural - main verb", "*apolytrōsin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - direct object", "*dia*": "preposition governing genitive - means", "*haimatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - means", "*autou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - possessive", "*aphesin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - in apposition to *apolytrōsin*", "*paraptōmatōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - objective genitive", "*kata*": "preposition governing accusative - standard/norm", "*plouton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - object of preposition", "*charitos*": "genitive, feminine, singular - possessive", "*autou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - possessive" }, "variants": { "*echomen*": "have/possess/hold", "*apolytrōsin*": "redemption/ransom/deliverance", "*haimatos*": "blood", "*aphesin*": "forgiveness/remission/release", "*paraptōmatōn*": "trespasses/transgressions/offenses", "*plouton*": "riches/wealth/abundance", "*charitos*": "grace/favor/goodwill" } }
• Heb 12:25 : 25 { "verseID": "Hebrews.12.25", "source": "Βλέπετε μὴ παραιτήσησθε τὸν λαλοῦντα. Εἰ γὰρ ἐκεῖνοι οὐκ ἔφυγον τὸν ἐπὶ γῆς παραιτησάμενοι χρηματίζοντα, πολλῷ μᾶλλον ἡμεῖς, οἱ τὸν ἀπʼ οὐρανῶν ἀποστρεφόμενοι:", "text": "*Blepete* not you *paraitēsēsthe* the one *lalounta*. If for those not *ephygon* the one on *gēs paraitēsamenoi chrēmatizonta*, much more *hēmeis*, those the one from *ouranōn apostrephomenoi*:", "grammar": { "*Blepete*": "verb, present active imperative, 2nd person plural - see/beware/take care", "*paraitēsēsthe*": "verb, aorist middle subjunctive, 2nd person plural - refuse/reject", "*lalounta*": "participle, present active, accusative, singular, masculine - speaking", "*ephygon*": "verb, aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - they escaped", "*gēs*": "noun, genitive, singular, feminine - of earth", "*paraitēsamenoi*": "participle, aorist middle, nominative, plural, masculine - having refused/rejected", "*chrēmatizonta*": "participle, present active, accusative, singular, masculine - warning/instructing", "*hēmeis*": "personal pronoun, nominative, plural - we", "*ouranōn*": "noun, genitive, plural, masculine - of heavens", "*apostrephomenoi*": "participle, present middle/passive, nominative, plural, masculine - turning away from" }, "variants": { "*Blepete*": "see/beware/take care/pay attention", "*paraitēsēsthe*": "refuse/reject/turn away", "*chrēmatizonta*": "warning/instructing/divinely commanding", "*apostrephomenoi*": "turning away from/rejecting/refusing" } }
• 2 Pet 1:12-15 : 12 { "verseID": "2 Peter.1.12", "source": "Διὸ οὐκ ἀμελήσω ὑμᾶς ἀει ὑπομιμνήσκειν περὶ τούτων, καίπερ εἰδότας, καὶ ἐστηριγμένους ἐν τῇ παρούσῃ ἀληθείᾳ.", "text": "Wherefore not I will neglect you *aei hypomimnēskein* about these things, although knowing, and having been established in the *parousē alētheia*.", "grammar": { "Διὸ": "conjunction - 'wherefore/therefore'", "οὐκ": "negative particle - 'not'", "ἀμελήσω": "future active indicative, 1st singular - 'I will be negligent/neglect'", "ὑμᾶς": "accusative, plural - 'you'", "*aei*": "adverb - always/continually", "*hypomimnēskein*": "present active infinitive - 'to remind/put in remembrance'", "περὶ": "preposition + genitive - 'about/concerning'", "τούτων": "genitive, neuter, plural - 'of these things'", "καίπερ": "concessive conjunction - 'although/though'", "εἰδότας": "perfect active participle, accusative, masculine, plural - 'knowing'", "ἐστηριγμένους": "perfect passive participle, accusative, masculine, plural - 'having been established/confirmed'", "*parousē*": "present active participle, dative, feminine, singular - 'present/being at hand'", "*alētheia*": "dative, feminine, singular - truth" }, "variants": { "*aei*": "always/continually/perpetually", "*hypomimnēskein*": "to remind/bring to remembrance", "*parousē*": "present/current/at hand", "*alētheia*": "truth/reality/genuineness" } } 13 { "verseID": "2 Peter.1.13", "source": "Δίκαιον δὲ ἡγοῦμαι, ἐφʼ ὅσον εἰμὶ ἐν τούτῳ τῷ σκηνώματι, διεγείρειν ὑμᾶς ἐν ὑπομνήσει·", "text": "*Dikaion* but I consider, upon as long as I am in this the *skēnōmati*, to *diegeirein* you in *hypomnēsei*;", "grammar": { "*Dikaion*": "accusative, neuter, singular - right/just", "δὲ": "conjunction/particle - 'but/and'", "ἡγοῦμαι": "present middle/passive indicative, 1st singular - 'I consider/think'", "ἐφʼ ὅσον": "preposition + relative pronoun - 'as long as/while'", "εἰμὶ": "present active indicative, 1st singular - 'I am'", "τούτῳ": "dative, neuter, singular - 'this'", "*skēnōmati*": "dative, neuter, singular - tent/tabernacle", "*diegeirein*": "present active infinitive - 'to arouse/stir up'", "ὑμᾶς": "accusative, plural - 'you'", "*hypomnēsei*": "dative, feminine, singular - reminder/remembrance" }, "variants": { "*Dikaion*": "right/just/righteous/proper", "*skēnōmati*": "tent/tabernacle/dwelling place/body", "*diegeirein*": "to arouse/stir up/awaken/stimulate", "*hypomnēsei*": "reminder/remembrance/recollection" } } 14 { "verseID": "2 Peter.1.14", "source": "Εἰδὼς ὅτι ταχινή ἐστιν ἡ ἀπόθεσις τοῦ σκηνώματός μου, καθὼς καὶ ὁ Κύριος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς ἐδήλωσέν μοι.", "text": "Knowing that *tachinē estin* the *apothesis* of the *skēnōmatos* of me, even as also the *Kyrios* of us *Iēsous Christos edēlōsen* to me.", "grammar": { "Εἰδὼς": "perfect active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - 'knowing'", "ὅτι": "conjunction - 'that'", "*tachinē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - swift/soon", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - 'is'", "*apothesis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - putting off/laying aside", "*skēnōmatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - tent/tabernacle", "μου": "genitive, singular - 'of me/my'", "καθὼς": "conjunction - 'even as/just as'", "*Kyrios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Lord", "ἡμῶν": "genitive, plural - 'of us/our'", "*Iēsous Christos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - 'Jesus Christ'", "*edēlōsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - 'showed/made clear'", "μοι": "dative, singular - 'to me'" }, "variants": { "*tachinē*": "swift/quick/imminent/sudden", "*apothesis*": "putting off/laying aside/removal", "*skēnōmatos*": "tent/tabernacle/bodily frame", "*edēlōsen*": "showed/made clear/revealed/declared" } } 15 { "verseID": "2 Peter.1.15", "source": "Σπουδάσω δὲ καὶ ἑκάστοτε ἔχειν ὑμᾶς μετὰ τὴν ἐμὴν ἔξοδον τὴν τούτων μνήμην ποιεῖσθαι.", "text": "I will be diligent but also *hekastote* to have you after the *emēn exodon* the of these things *mnēmēn* to make.", "grammar": { "Σπουδάσω": "future active indicative, 1st singular - 'I will be diligent/make effort'", "δὲ": "conjunction/particle - 'but/and'", "καὶ": "conjunction - 'also/even'", "*hekastote*": "adverb - every time/always", "ἔχειν": "present active infinitive - 'to have'", "ὑμᾶς": "accusative, plural - 'you'", "μετὰ": "preposition + accusative - 'after'", "*emēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - my", "*exodon*": "accusative, feminine, singular - departure/exit", "τούτων": "genitive, neuter, plural - 'of these things'", "*mnēmēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - remembrance/memory", "ποιεῖσθαι": "present middle infinitive - 'to make/do'" }, "variants": { "*hekastote*": "at every time/always/on each occasion", "*emēn*": "my/mine", "*exodon*": "departure/exit/decease", "*mnēmēn*": "remembrance/memory/recollection" } }
• Num 14:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Numbers.14.11", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה עַד־אָ֥נָה יְנַאֲצֻ֖נִי הָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֑ה וְעַד־אָ֙נָה֙ לֹא־יַאֲמִ֣ינוּ בִ֔י בְּכֹל֙ הָֽאֹת֔וֹת אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשִׂ֖יתִי בְּקִרְבּֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to *mōšeh* until when will *yĕnaʾăṣunî* me the *hāʿām* the this and until when not *yaʾămînû* in me with all the *hāʾōṯôṯ* which I have *ʿāśîṯî* in his *bĕqirbô*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*yĕnaʾăṣunî*": "piel imperfect, 3rd plural with 1st singular suffix - they will despise me", "*hāʿām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the people", "*yaʾămînû*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd plural - they will believe", "*hāʾōṯôṯ*": "feminine plural noun with definite article - the signs", "*ʿāśîṯî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I have done", "*bĕqirbô*": "masculine singular noun with preposition and 3rd masculine singular suffix - in its midst" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke/declared", "*yĕnaʾăṣunî*": "despise me/reject me/spurn me", "*hāʿām*": "the people/nation", "*yaʾămînû*": "believe/trust/have faith", "*hāʾōṯôṯ*": "signs/wonders/miracles", "*ʿāśîṯî*": "done/performed/accomplished", "*bĕqirbô*": "in its midst/among them/within it" } }
• Num 14:18-19 : 18 { "verseID": "Numbers.14.18", "source": "יְהוָ֗ה אֶ֤רֶךְ אַפַּ֙יִם֙ וְרַב־חֶ֔סֶד נֹשֵׂ֥א עָוֺ֖ן וָפָ֑שַׁע וְנַקֵּה֙ לֹ֣א יְנַקֶּ֔ה פֹּקֵ֞ד עֲוֺ֤ן אָבוֹת֙ עַל־בָּנִ֔ים עַל־שִׁלֵּשִׁ֖ים וְעַל־רִבֵּעִֽים׃", "text": "*YHWH ʾerek ʾappayim wə-rab-ḥesed nōśēʾ ʿāwōn wā-pāšaʿ wə-naqqēh lōʾ yənaqqeh pōqēd ʿăwōn ʾābōt ʿal-bānîm ʿal-šillēšîm wə-ʿal-ribbēʿîm*", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name, tetragrammaton", "*ʾerek*": "masculine singular construct - long/slow of", "*ʾappayim*": "masculine dual noun - nostrils/anger", "*wə-rab*": "conjunction + masculine singular construct - and abundant/great of", "*ḥesed*": "masculine singular noun - lovingkindness/steadfast love", "*nōśēʾ*": "participle, masculine singular, Qal form of *nśʾ* - bearing/carrying/forgiving", "*ʿāwōn*": "masculine singular noun - iniquity/guilt", "*wā-pāšaʿ*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and transgression/rebellion", "*wə-naqqēh*": "conjunction + Piel infinitive absolute of *nqh* - and clearing/acquitting", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yənaqqeh*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, Piel form of *nqh* - he will clear/acquit", "*pōqēd*": "participle, masculine singular, Qal form of *pqd* - visiting/punishing", "*ʿăwōn*": "masculine singular construct - iniquity/guilt of", "*ʾābōt*": "masculine plural noun - fathers", "*ʿal-bānîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - upon sons/children", "*ʿal-šillēšîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - upon third generation", "*wə-ʿal-ribbēʿîm*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine plural noun - and upon fourth generation" }, "variants": { "*ʾerek ʾappayim*": "slow to anger/patient/longsuffering (lit: long of nostrils)", "*rab-ḥesed*": "abundant in lovingkindness/great in steadfast love", "*nōśēʾ*": "bearing/carrying/forgiving/lifting", "*ʿāwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/sin/punishment for iniquity", "*pāšaʿ*": "transgression/rebellion/revolt", "*wə-naqqēh lōʾ yənaqqeh*": "by no means clearing the guilty/will certainly not acquit/yet not leaving unpunished", "*pōqēd*": "visiting/punishing/attending to", "*šillēšîm*": "third ones/third generation", "*ribbēʿîm*": "fourth ones/fourth generation" } } 19 { "verseID": "Numbers.14.19", "source": "סְלַֽח־נָ֗א לַעֲוֺ֛ן הָעָ֥ם הַזֶּ֖ה כְּגֹ֣דֶל חַסְדֶּ֑ךָ וְכַאֲשֶׁ֤ר נָשָׂ֙אתָה֙ לָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֔ה מִמִּצְרַ֖יִם וְעַד־הֵֽנָּה׃", "text": "*səlaḥ-nāʾ laʿăwōn hāʿām hazzeh kəgōdel ḥasdekā wə-kaʾăšer nāśāʾtāh lāʿām hazzeh mimmiṣrayim wə-ʿad-hēnnāh*", "grammar": { "*səlaḥ*": "imperative, masculine singular, Qal form of *slḥ* - forgive", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please/now", "*laʿăwōn*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - to iniquity of", "*hāʿām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the people", "*hazzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - this", "*kəgōdel*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - according to greatness of", "*ḥasdekā*": "masculine singular noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your lovingkindness", "*wə-kaʾăšer*": "conjunction + compound preposition - and according to what/as", "*nāśāʾtāh*": "perfect, 2nd masculine singular, Qal form of *nśʾ* - you have borne/forgiven", "*lāʿām*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - to the people", "*hazzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - this", "*mimmiṣrayim*": "preposition + proper noun - from Egypt", "*wə-ʿad*": "conjunction + preposition - and until", "*hēnnāh*": "adverb - here/now" }, "variants": { "*səlaḥ-nāʾ*": "forgive please/pardon now", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/sin/punishment for iniquity", "*kəgōdel*": "according to greatness/magnitude/abundance", "*ḥasdekā*": "your lovingkindness/steadfast love/mercy", "*nāśāʾtāh*": "you have borne/carried/forgiven/lifted", "*wə-ʿad-hēnnāh*": "and until now/up to this point/thus far" } }
• Num 14:41 : 41 { "verseID": "Numbers.14.41", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר מֹשֶׁ֔ה לָ֥מָּה זֶּ֛ה אַתֶּ֥ם עֹבְרִ֖ים אֶת־פִּ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וְהִ֖וא לֹ֥א תִצְלָֽח", "text": "And-*yōʾmer* *Mōšeh* why this you *ʿōberîm* *ʾet*-*pî* *YHWH* and-it not *tiṣlāḥ*", "grammar": { "*yōʾmer*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - he said", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʿōberîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - transgressing/crossing", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*pî*": "masculine singular construct - mouth/command of", "*YHWH*": "divine name, tetragrammaton", "*tiṣlāḥ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it will succeed" }, "variants": { "*yōʾmer*": "said/spoke", "*ʿōberîm*": "transgressing/violating/disobeying", "*pî*": "mouth/command/word", "*tiṣlāḥ*": "succeed/prosper/accomplish" } }
• Num 16:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Numbers.16.14", "source": "אַ֡ף לֹ֣א אֶל־אֶרֶץ֩ זָבַ֨ת חָלָ֤ב וּדְבַשׁ֙ הֲבִ֣יאֹתָ֔נוּ וַתִּ֨תֶּן־לָ֔נוּ נַחֲלַ֖ת שָׂדֶ֣ה וָכָ֑רֶם הַעֵינֵ֞י הָאֲנָשִׁ֥ים הָהֵ֛ם תְּנַקֵּ֖ר לֹ֥א נַעֲלֶֽה׃", "text": "Indeed not to-land *zābat* *ḥālāb* and-*dəbaš* *hăbîʾōtānû*, and-*wattiten*-to-us *naḥălat* *śādeh* and-*wākārem*. The-*haʿênê* the-men the-those *tənaqqēr*? Not *naʿăleh*", "grammar": { "*zābat*": "Qal participle, feminine singular construct - flowing with", "*ḥālāb*": "noun, masculine singular - milk", "*dəbaš*": "noun, masculine singular - honey", "*hăbîʾōtānû*": "Hiphil perfect, 2nd masculine singular + 1st common plural suffix - you have brought us", "*wattiten*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you gave", "*naḥălat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - inheritance of", "*śādeh*": "noun, masculine singular - field", "*wākārem*": "waw-conjunctive + noun, masculine singular - and vineyard", "*haʿênê*": "definite article + noun, feminine dual construct - the eyes of", "*tənaqqēr*": "Piel imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you will gouge out", "*naʿăleh*": "Qal imperfect, 1st common plural - we will go up" }, "variants": { "*zābat ḥālāb ûdəbaš*": "flowing with milk and honey", "*naḥălat śādeh wākārem*": "inheritance of field and vineyard", "*tənaqqēr*": "gouge out/put out/blind", "*haʿênê hāʾănāšîm hāhēm tənaqqēr*": "will you put out the eyes of these men?" } }
• 1 Kgs 6:13 : 13 { "verseID": "1 Kings.6.13", "source": "וְשָׁ֣כַנְתִּ֔י בְּת֖וֹךְ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְלֹ֥א אֶעֱזֹ֖ב אֶת־עַמִּ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "And *wəšāḵantî* in *tôḵ* *bənê* *yiśrāʾēl* and not *ʾeʿĕzōḇ* *ʾet*-*ʿammî* *yiśrāʾēl*.", "grammar": { "*wəšāḵantî*": "waw consecutive with perfect, 1st common singular of *šāḵan* - and I will dwell", "*tôḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - midst of", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾeʿĕzōḇ*": "imperfect, 1st common singular of *ʿāzaḇ* - I will forsake", "*ʿammî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st common singular suffix - my people" }, "variants": { "*wəšāḵantî*": "and I will dwell/abide/reside", "*tôḵ*": "midst/among/within", "*ʾeʿĕzōḇ*": "I will forsake/abandon/leave" } }
• 1 Kgs 8:57 : 57 { "verseID": "1 Kings.8.57", "source": "יְהִ֨י יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֵ֙ינוּ֙ עִמָּ֔נוּ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר הָיָ֖ה עִם־אֲבֹתֵ֑ינוּ אַל־יַעַזְבֵ֖נוּ וְאַֽל־יִטְּשֵֽׁנוּ׃", "text": "*Yəhî* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* *ʿimmānû* as-which *hāyâ* with-*ʾăbōtênû*; *ʾal*-*yaʿazbēnû* and-*ʾal*-*yiṭṭəšēnû*.", "grammar": { "*Yəhî*": "Qal jussive, 3rd masculine singular - may he be", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person plural suffix - our God", "*ʿimmānû*": "preposition with 1st person plural suffix - with us", "*hāyâ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was", "*ʾăbōtênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person plural suffix - our fathers", "*ʾal*": "negative particle with jussive - do not", "*yaʿazbēnû*": "Qal imperfect jussive, 3rd masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - may he leave us", "*yiṭṭəšēnû*": "Qal imperfect jussive, 3rd masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - may he forsake us" }, "variants": { "*Yəhî*": "may he be/let him be", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "our God/our deity", "*hāyâ*": "was/existed/remained", "*yaʿazbēnû*": "leave us/abandon us", "*yiṭṭəšēnû*": "forsake us/reject us/abandon us" } }
• Exod 34:6-7 : 6 { "verseID": "Exodus.34.6", "source": "וַיַּעֲבֹ֨ר יְהוָ֥ה ׀ עַל־פָּנָיו֮ וַיִּקְרָא֒ יְהוָ֣ה ׀ יְהוָ֔ה אֵ֥ל רַח֖וּם וְחַנּ֑וּן אֶ֥רֶךְ אַפַּ֖יִם וְרַב־חֶ֥סֶד וֶאֱמֶֽת ׀", "text": "And *wayyaʿăḇōr* *YHWH* upon his face and *wayyiqrāʾ* *YHWH* *YHWH* *ʾēl* *raḥûm* and *ḥannûn*, *ʾerek* *ʾappayim* and *raḇ*-*ḥesed* and *ʾĕmet*.", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿăḇōr*": "waw consecutive + imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he passed/passed by", "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "waw consecutive + imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he called/proclaimed", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - God/deity", "*raḥûm*": "adjective masculine singular - compassionate/merciful", "*ḥannûn*": "adjective masculine singular - gracious", "*ʾerek*": "construct state masculine singular - long of", "*ʾappayim*": "masculine dual noun - nostrils/anger", "*raḇ*": "adjective masculine singular construct - great/abundant of", "*ḥesed*": "masculine singular noun - steadfast love/kindness/mercy", "*ʾĕmet*": "feminine singular noun - truth/faithfulness" }, "variants": { "*wayyaʿăḇōr*": "passed by/passed over/crossed over", "*ʾēl*": "God/Mighty One/deity", "*raḥûm*": "compassionate/merciful", "*ḥannûn*": "gracious/showing favor", "*ʾerek ʾappayim*": "slow to anger/patient/longsuffering", "*ḥesed*": "steadfast love/kindness/covenant faithfulness/mercy", "*ʾĕmet*": "truth/faithfulness/reliability" } } 7 { "verseID": "Exodus.34.7", "source": "נֹצֵ֥ר חֶ֙סֶד֙ לָאֲלָפִ֔ים נֹשֵׂ֥א עָוֺ֛ן וָפֶ֖שַׁע וְחַטָּאָ֑ה וְנַקֵּה֙ לֹ֣א יְנַקֶּ֔ה פֹּקֵ֣ד ׀ עֲוֺ֣ן אָב֗וֹת עַל־בָּנִים֙ וְעַל־בְּנֵ֣י בָנִ֔ים עַל־שִׁלֵּשִׁ֖ים וְעַל־רִבֵּעִֽים׃", "text": "*nōṣēr* *ḥesed* to the *ʾălāp̄îm*, *nōśēʾ* *ʿāwōn* and *p̄ešaʿ* and *ḥaṭṭāʾāh*; and *naqēh* not *yənaqeh*, *pōqēd* *ʿăwōn* *ʾāḇôt* upon *bānîm* and upon *bənê* *ḇānîm*, upon *šillēšîm* and upon *ribbēʿîm*.", "grammar": { "*nōṣēr*": "active participle masculine singular - keeping/preserving", "*ḥesed*": "masculine singular noun - steadfast love/kindness/mercy", "*ʾălāp̄îm*": "masculine plural noun - thousands", "*nōśēʾ*": "active participle masculine singular - bearing/carrying/forgiving", "*ʿāwōn*": "masculine singular noun - iniquity/guilt", "*p̄ešaʿ*": "masculine singular noun - transgression/rebellion", "*ḥaṭṭāʾāh*": "feminine singular noun - sin/error", "*naqēh*": "infinitive absolute (Piel) - clearing/acquitting", "*yənaqeh*": "imperfect 3rd masculine singular (Piel) - he will clear/acquit", "*pōqēd*": "active participle masculine singular - visiting/reckoning", "*ʿăwōn*": "masculine singular construct - iniquity of", "*ʾāḇôt*": "masculine plural noun - fathers", "*bānîm*": "masculine plural noun - children/sons", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*šillēšîm*": "masculine plural ordinal - third (generation)", "*ribbēʿîm*": "masculine plural ordinal - fourth (generation)" }, "variants": { "*nōṣēr*": "keeping/preserving/maintaining", "*ḥesed*": "steadfast love/kindness/covenant faithfulness/mercy", "*nōśēʾ*": "bearing/carrying/forgiving/lifting", "*ʿāwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*p̄ešaʿ*": "transgression/rebellion/crime", "*ḥaṭṭāʾāh*": "sin/error/offense", "*naqēh lōʾ yənaqeh*": "by no means clearing the guilty/will not completely acquit", "*pōqēd*": "visiting/reckoning/punishing/attending to" } }
• Ps 78:38 : 38 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.38", "source": "וְה֤וּא רַח֨וּם ׀ יְכַפֵּ֥ר עָוֺן֮ וְֽלֹא־יַ֫שְׁחִ֥ית וְ֭הִרְבָּה לְהָשִׁ֣יב אַפּ֑וֹ וְלֹֽא־יָ֝עִיר כָּל־חֲמָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "and-he *raḥûm* *yəkappēr* *ʿāwōn* and-not-*yašḥît* *wə-hirbāh* *ləhāšîb* *ʾappō* and-not-*yāʿîr* all-*ḥămātō*", "grammar": { "*raḥûm*": "masculine singular adjective - compassionate/merciful", "*yəkappēr*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he atones for/covers/forgives", "*ʿāwōn*": "masculine singular noun - iniquity/guilt/punishment", "*yašḥît*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he destroys/ruins", "*wə-hirbāh*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he multiplied/increased", "*ləhāšîb*": "Hiphil infinitive construct with preposition - to turn back/return", "*ʾappō*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his anger", "*yāʿîr*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he arouses/stirs up", "*ḥămātō*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his wrath" }, "variants": { "*raḥûm*": "compassionate/merciful", "*yəkappēr*": "atones for/covers/forgives", "*ʿāwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment for guilt", "*yašḥît*": "destroys/ruins/brings to ruin", "*hirbāh*": "multiplied/increased/did much", "*ləhāšîb*": "to turn back/to return/to withdraw", "*ḥămātō*": "his wrath/his rage/his hot anger" } }
• Ps 103:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Psalms.103.8", "source": "רַח֣וּם וְחַנּ֣וּן יְהוָ֑ה אֶ֖רֶךְ אַפַּ֣יִם וְרַב־חָֽסֶד׃", "text": "*raḥûm* *wə*-*ḥannûn* *YHWH* *ʾerek* *ʾappayim* *wə*-abundant-*ḥāsed*", "grammar": { "*raḥûm*": "adjective masculine singular - merciful", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ḥannûn*": "adjective masculine singular - gracious", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾerek*": "adjective masculine singular construct - long of", "*ʾappayim*": "masculine dual noun - nostrils/anger", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ḥāsed*": "masculine singular noun with prefix *rab* (abundant) - abundant lovingkindness" }, "variants": { "*raḥûm*": "merciful/compassionate", "*ḥannûn*": "gracious/favorable", "*ʾerek* *ʾappayim*": "slow to anger/patient/longsuffering (literally: long of nostrils)", "*rab*-*ḥāsed*": "abundant in lovingkindness/great in mercy/abounding in steadfast love" } } 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.103.9", "source": "לֹֽא־לָנֶ֥צַח יָרִ֑יב וְלֹ֖א לְעוֹלָ֣ם יִטּֽוֹר׃", "text": "Not-for-*neṣaḥ* *yārîb* *wə*-not for-*ʿôlām* *yiṭṭôr*", "grammar": { "*neṣaḥ*": "masculine singular noun with prefixed negative particle and preposition *lə* - not forever", "*yārîb*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will contend", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʿôlām*": "masculine singular noun with prefixed negative particle and preposition *lə* - not for eternity", "*yiṭṭôr*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will keep/maintain" }, "variants": { "*neṣaḥ*": "forever/perpetuity/victory/endurance", "*yārîb*": "contend/strive/quarrel/conduct a legal case", "*ʿôlām*": "eternity/long duration/antiquity", "*yiṭṭôr*": "keep/maintain/bear grudge/harbor animosity" } } 10 { "verseID": "Psalms.103.10", "source": "לֹ֣א כַ֭חֲטָאֵינוּ עָ֣שָׂה לָ֑נוּ וְלֹ֥א כַ֝עֲוֺנֹתֵ֗ינוּ גָּמַ֥ל עָלֵֽינוּ׃", "text": "Not according-to-*ḥăṭāʾênû* *ʿāśāh* to-us *wə*-not according-to-*ʿăwōnōtênû* *gāmal* upon-us", "grammar": { "*ḥăṭāʾênû*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix and prefixed preposition *kə* with negative particle - not according to our sins", "*ʿāśāh*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he has done", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʿăwōnōtênû*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix and prefixed preposition *kə* with negative particle - not according to our iniquities", "*gāmal*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he has dealt/rewarded" }, "variants": { "*ḥăṭāʾênû*": "our sins/offenses/failures", "*ʿāśāh*": "done/made/acted/performed", "*ʿăwōnōtênû*": "our iniquities/perversities/guilt", "*gāmal*": "dealt/rewarded/treated/repaid" } } 11 { "verseID": "Psalms.103.11", "source": "כִּ֤י כִגְבֹ֣הַּ שָׁ֭מַיִם עַל־הָאָ֑רֶץ גָּבַ֥ר חַ֝סְדּ֗וֹ עַל־יְרֵאָֽיו׃", "text": "For as-*gəbōah* *šāmayim* over-*hā-ʾāreṣ* *gābar* *ḥasdô* over-*yərēʾāyw*", "grammar": { "*gəbōah*": "qal infinitive construct with prefixed preposition *kə* - as the height of", "*šāmayim*": "masculine plural noun - heavens", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article with feminine singular noun with prefixed preposition *ʿal* - over the earth", "*gābar*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - has prevailed", "*ḥasdô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his lovingkindness", "*yərēʾāyw*": "qal participle masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix with prefixed preposition *ʿal* - over those fearing him" }, "variants": { "*gəbōah*": "height/elevation/exaltation", "*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky/visible universe", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground/territory", "*gābar*": "prevailed/been mighty/strengthened/increased", "*ḥasdô*": "his lovingkindness/mercy/faithfulness/steadfast love", "*yərēʾāyw*": "those fearing him/his fearers/those revering him" } } 12 { "verseID": "Psalms.103.12", "source": "כִּרְחֹ֣ק מִ֭זְרָח מִֽמַּֽעֲרָ֑ב הִֽרְחִ֥יק מִ֝מֶּ֗נּוּ אֶת־פְּשָׁעֵֽינוּ׃", "text": "As-*rəḥōq* *mizrāḥ* from-*maʿărāb* *hirḥîq* from-us *ʾet*-*pəšāʿênû*", "grammar": { "*rəḥōq*": "noun masculine singular with prefixed preposition *kə* - as the distance of", "*mizrāḥ*": "masculine singular noun - east", "*maʿărāb*": "masculine singular noun with prefixed preposition *min* - from west", "*hirḥîq*": "hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he has removed far", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*pəšāʿênû*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - our transgressions" }, "variants": { "*rəḥōq*": "distance/remoteness/far away", "*mizrāḥ*": "east/sunrise/place of sun's rising", "*maʿărāb*": "west/sunset/place of sun's setting", "*hirḥîq*": "removed far/distanced/separated", "*pəšāʿênû*": "our transgressions/rebellions/offenses" } } 13 { "verseID": "Psalms.103.13", "source": "כְּרַחֵ֣ם אָ֭ב עַל־בָּנִ֑ים רִחַ֥ם יְ֝הוָ֗ה עַל־יְרֵאָֽיו׃", "text": "As-*raḥēm* *ʾāb* upon-*bānîm* *riḥam* *YHWH* upon-*yərēʾāyw*", "grammar": { "*raḥēm*": "piel infinitive construct with prefixed preposition *kə* - as having compassion", "*ʾāb*": "masculine singular noun - father", "*bānîm*": "masculine plural noun with prefixed preposition *ʿal* - upon children", "*riḥam*": "piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular - has compassion", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*yərēʾāyw*": "qal participle masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix with prefixed preposition *ʿal* - upon those fearing him" }, "variants": { "*raḥēm*": "having compassion/pitying/showing mercy", "*ʾāb*": "father/ancestor/progenitor", "*bānîm*": "sons/children/descendants", "*riḥam*": "has compassion/pities/shows mercy", "*yərēʾāyw*": "those fearing him/his fearers/those revering him" } } 14 { "verseID": "Psalms.103.14", "source": "כִּי־ה֭וּא יָדַ֣ע יִצְרֵ֑נוּ זָ֝כ֗וּר כִּי־עָפָ֥ר אֲנָֽחְנוּ׃", "text": "For-he *yādaʿ* *yiṣrēnû* *zākûr* that-*ʿāpār* *ʾănāḥnû*", "grammar": { "*yādaʿ*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he knows", "*yiṣrēnû*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person plural suffix - our formation", "*zākûr*": "qal passive participle masculine singular - remembering/being mindful", "*ʿāpār*": "masculine singular noun with prefixed conjunction *kî* - that dust", "*ʾănāḥnû*": "1st person plural independent pronoun - we" }, "variants": { "*yādaʿ*": "knows/understands/recognizes/perceives", "*yiṣrēnû*": "our formation/frame/intention/inclination", "*zākûr*": "remembering/being mindful/recalling", "*ʿāpār*": "dust/dry earth/powder/debris", "*ʾănāḥnû*": "we/us" } } 15 { "verseID": "Psalms.103.15", "source": "אֱ֭נוֹשׁ כֶּחָצִ֣יר יָמָ֑יו כְּצִ֥יץ הַ֝שָּׂדֶ֗ה כֵּ֣ן יָצִֽיץ׃", "text": "*ʾĕnôš* like-*ḥāṣîr* *yāmāyw* like-*ṣîṣ* *ha-śādeh* so *yāṣîṣ*", "grammar": { "*ʾĕnôš*": "masculine singular noun - man", "*ḥāṣîr*": "masculine singular noun with prefixed preposition *kə* - like grass", "*yāmāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his days", "*ṣîṣ*": "masculine singular noun with prefixed preposition *kə* - like flower of", "*ha-śādeh*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the field", "*yāṣîṣ*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he flourishes" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕnôš*": "man/mankind/mortal/humankind", "*ḥāṣîr*": "grass/hay/herb", "*yāmāyw*": "his days/lifetime", "*ṣîṣ*": "flower/blossom/bloom", "*śādeh*": "field/land/territory/open country", "*yāṣîṣ*": "flourishes/blossoms/sprouts/shines" } } 16 { "verseID": "Psalms.103.16", "source": "כִּ֤י ר֣וּחַ עָֽבְרָה־בּ֣וֹ וְאֵינֶ֑נּוּ וְלֹא־יַכִּירֶ֖נּוּ ע֣וֹד מְקוֹמֽוֹ׃", "text": "For *rûaḥ* *ʿābrāh*-*bô* *wə*-*ʾênennû* *wə*-not-*yakkîrennû* *ʿôd* *məqômô*", "grammar": { "*rûaḥ*": "feminine singular noun - wind", "*ʿābrāh*-*bô*": "qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular with preposition *bə* and 3rd person masculine singular suffix - passes over him", "*wə*-*ʾênennû*": "conjunction with particle of negation with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and he is not", "*yakkîrennû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix with prefixed negative particle - will not recognize him", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - again/still/yet", "*məqômô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his place" }, "variants": { "*rûaḥ*": "wind/breath/spirit", "*ʿābrāh*-*bô*": "passes over him/blows upon him", "*ʾênennû*": "he is not/he is gone/he is no more", "*yakkîrennû*": "recognize him/acknowledge him/know him", "*məqômô*": "his place/his location/his position" } } 17 { "verseID": "Psalms.103.17", "source": "וְחֶ֤סֶד יְהוָ֨ה ׀ מֵעוֹלָ֣ם וְעַד־ע֖‪[d]‬וֹלָם עַל־יְרֵאָ֑יו וְ֝צִדְקָת֗וֹ לִבְנֵ֥י בָנִֽים׃", "text": "*wə*-*ḥesed* *YHWH* ׀ from-*ʿôlām* *wə*-unto-*ʿôlām* upon-*yərēʾāyw* *wə*-*ṣidqātô* to-*bənê* *bānîm*", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and/but", "*ḥesed*": "masculine singular construct - lovingkindness of", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʿôlām*": "masculine singular noun with prefixed preposition *mē* - from everlasting", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*ʿôlām*": "masculine singular noun with prefixed preposition *ʿad* - to everlasting", "*yərēʾāyw*": "qal participle masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix with prefixed preposition *ʿal* - upon those fearing him", "*ṣidqātô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his righteousness", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct with prefixed preposition *lə* - to children of", "*bānîm*": "masculine plural noun - children" }, "variants": { "*ḥesed*": "lovingkindness/steadfast love/mercy/faithfulness", "*ʿôlām*": "everlasting/eternity/ancient time/antiquity", "*yərēʾāyw*": "those fearing him/his fearers/those revering him", "*ṣidqātô*": "his righteousness/justice/rightness", "*bənê* *bānîm*": "children's children/children of children/grandchildren" } } 18 { "verseID": "Psalms.103.18", "source": "לְשֹׁמְרֵ֥י בְרִית֑וֹ וּלְזֹכְרֵ֥י פִ֝קֻּדָ֗יו לַעֲשׂוֹתָֽם׃", "text": "To-*šōmrê* *bərîtô* *û*-to-*zōkrê* *piqqūdāyw* *laʿăśôtām*", "grammar": { "*šōmrê*": "qal participle masculine plural construct with prefixed preposition *lə* - to keepers of", "*bərîtô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his covenant", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*zōkrê*": "qal participle masculine plural construct with prefixed preposition *lə* - to rememberers of", "*piqqūdāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his precepts", "*laʿăśôtām*": "qal infinitive construct with prefixed preposition *lə* and 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to do them" }, "variants": { "*šōmrê*": "keepers/observers/guardians", "*bərîtô*": "his covenant/agreement/alliance", "*zōkrê*": "rememberers/those who recall/those mindful of", "*piqqūdāyw*": "his precepts/commandments/orders", "*laʿăśôtām*": "to do them/to perform them/to fulfill them" } }
• Ps 106:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.7", "source": "אֲב֘וֹתֵ֤ינוּ בְמִצְרַ֨יִם ׀ לֹא־הִשְׂכִּ֬ילוּ נִפְלְאוֹתֶ֗יךָ לֹ֣א זָ֭כְרוּ אֶת־רֹ֣ב חֲסָדֶ֑יךָ וַיַּמְר֖וּ עַל־יָ֣ם בְּיַם־סֽוּף׃", "text": "*'ăbōtênū* in-*miṣrayim* not-*hiśkîlū* *niflə'ōteykā* not *zākrū* *'et*-abundance-of-*ḥăsādeykā* *wayyamrū* at-*yām* in-*yam-sūf*", "grammar": { "*'ăbōtênū*": "noun + 1st person plural suffix, masculine, plural - our fathers", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*hiśkîlū*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person plural - they understood/considered", "*niflə'ōteykā*": "noun + 2nd person suffix, feminine, plural - your wonders", "*zākrū*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they remembered", "*ḥăsādeykā*": "noun + 2nd person suffix, masculine, plural - your lovingkindnesses", "*wayyamrū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they rebelled", "*yām*": "noun, masculine, singular - sea", "*yam-sūf*": "proper noun - Red Sea/Sea of Reeds" }, "variants": { "*'ăbōtênū*": "our fathers/ancestors/forefathers", "*miṣrayim*": "Egypt/Mitzrayim", "*hiśkîlū*": "understood/considered/comprehended/paid attention to", "*niflə'ōteykā*": "your wonders/marvels/miracles", "*zākrū*": "remembered/recalled/were mindful of", "*ḥăsādeykā*": "your lovingkindnesses/mercies/covenant faithfulness", "*wayyamrū*": "and they rebelled/were rebellious/disobeyed", "*yam-sūf*": "Red Sea/Sea of Reeds" } }
• Ps 106:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.13", "source": "מִֽ֭הֲרוּ שָׁכְח֣וּ מַעֲשָׂ֑יו לֹֽא־חִ֝כּ֗וּ לַעֲצָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*mihărū* *šākəḥū* *ma'ăśāyw* not-*ḥikkū* for-*'ăṣātō*", "grammar": { "*mihărū*": "piel perfect, 3rd person plural - they hastened/hurried", "*šākəḥū*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they forgot", "*ma'ăśāyw*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, masculine, plural - his works", "*ḥikkū*": "piel perfect, 3rd person plural - they waited", "*'ăṣātō*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, feminine, singular - his counsel" }, "variants": { "*mihărū*": "they hastened/hurried/were quick", "*šākəḥū*": "they forgot/neglected/ignored", "*ma'ăśāyw*": "his works/deeds/actions", "*ḥikkū*": "they waited/waited patiently/tarried", "*'ăṣātō*": "his counsel/advice/plan" } }
• Ps 106:24-25 : 24 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.24", "source": "וַֽ֭יִּמְאֲסוּ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ חֶמְדָּ֑ה לֹֽא־הֶ֝אֱמִ֗ינוּ לִדְבָרֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wayyim'ăsū* in-*'ereṣ* *ḥemdāh* not-*he'ĕmînū* to-*dəbārō*", "grammar": { "*wayyim'ăsū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they despised", "*'ereṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - land of", "*ḥemdāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - desirability/pleasant", "*he'ĕmînū*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person plural - they believed", "*dəbārō*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, masculine, singular - his word" }, "variants": { "*wayyim'ăsū*": "and they despised/rejected/spurned", "*'ereṣ*": "land/country/territory", "*ḥemdāh*": "desirable/pleasant/delightful", "*he'ĕmînū*": "they believed/trusted/had faith in", "*dəbārō*": "his word/promise/command" } } 25 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.25", "source": "וַיֵּרָגְנ֥וּ בְאָהֳלֵיהֶ֑ם לֹ֥א שָׁ֝מְע֗וּ בְּק֣וֹל יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*wayyērāgənū* in-*'ohŏlêhem* not *šāmə'ū* in-*qōl* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*wayyērāgənū*": "niphal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they grumbled", "*'ohŏlêhem*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their tents", "*šāmə'ū*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they listened", "*qōl*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - voice of", "*YHWH*": "divine name" }, "variants": { "*wayyērāgənū*": "and they grumbled/complained/murmured", "*'ohŏlêhem*": "their tents/dwellings/tabernacles", "*šāmə'ū*": "they listened/heard/obeyed", "*qōl*": "voice/sound/noise" } }
• Ps 106:43-46 : 43 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.43", "source": "פְּעָמִ֥ים רַבּ֗וֹת יַצִּ֫ילֵ֥ם וְ֭הֵמָּה יַמְר֣וּ בַעֲצָתָ֑ם וַ֝יָּמֹ֗כּוּ בַּעֲוֺנָֽם׃", "text": "*pə'āmîm* *rabbōt* *yaṣṣîlēm* and-they *yamrū* with-*'ăṣātām* *wayyāmōkkū* with-*'ăwōnām*", "grammar": { "*pə'āmîm*": "noun, feminine, plural - times", "*rabbōt*": "adjective, feminine, plural - many", "*yaṣṣîlēm*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person plural suffix - he delivered them", "*yamrū*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person plural - they rebelled", "*'ăṣātām*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, feminine, singular - their counsel", "*wayyāmōkkū*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person plural - and they sank down", "*'ăwōnām*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, singular - their iniquity" }, "variants": { "*pə'āmîm*": "times/occasions/instances", "*rabbōt*": "many/numerous/abundant", "*yaṣṣîlēm*": "he delivered them/rescued them/saved them", "*yamrū*": "they rebelled/were disobedient/defied", "*'ăṣātām*": "their counsel/plan/advice", "*wayyāmōkkū*": "and they sank down/were brought low/languished", "*'ăwōnām*": "their iniquity/sin/guilt" } } 44 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.44", "source": "וַ֭יַּרְא בַּצַּ֣ר לָהֶ֑ם בְּ֝שָׁמְע֗וֹ אֶת־רִנָּתָֽם׃", "text": "*wayyar'* in-*ṣar* to-them in-*šom'ō* *'et*-*rinnātām*", "grammar": { "*wayyar'*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he saw", "*ṣar*": "noun, masculine, singular - distress", "*šom'ō*": "qal infinitive construct + 3rd person suffix - his hearing", "*rinnātām*": "noun + 3rd person plural suffix, feminine, singular - their cry" }, "variants": { "*wayyar'*": "and he saw/looked/observed", "*ṣar*": "distress/trouble/affliction", "*šom'ō*": "his hearing/listening", "*rinnātām*": "their cry/shout/plea" } } 45 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.45", "source": "וַיִּזְכֹּ֣ר לָהֶ֣ם בְּרִית֑וֹ וַ֝יִּנָּחֵ֗ם כְּרֹ֣ב חֲסָדָֽיו׃", "text": "*wayyizkōr* for-them *bərîtō* *wayyinnāḥēm* according-to-abundance-of *ḥăsādāyw*", "grammar": { "*wayyizkōr*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he remembered", "*bərîtō*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, feminine, singular - his covenant", "*wayyinnāḥēm*": "niphal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he relented", "*ḥăsādāyw*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, masculine, plural - his lovingkindnesses" }, "variants": { "*wayyizkōr*": "and he remembered/recalled/was mindful of", "*bərîtō*": "his covenant/agreement/treaty", "*wayyinnāḥēm*": "and he relented/was moved to pity/changed his mind", "*ḥăsādāyw*": "his lovingkindnesses/mercies/acts of covenant faithfulness" } } 46 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.46", "source": "וַיִּתֵּ֣ן אוֹתָ֣ם לְרַחֲמִ֑ים לִ֝פְנֵ֗י כָּל־שׁוֹבֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wayyittēn* them to-*raḥămîm* before all-*šōbêhem*", "grammar": { "*wayyittēn*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he gave", "*raḥămîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - compassion", "*šōbêhem*": "qal participle + 3rd person plural suffix, masculine, plural - their captors" }, "variants": { "*wayyittēn*": "and he gave/caused/granted", "*raḥămîm*": "compassion/mercy/tender mercies", "*šōbêhem*": "their captors/those who took them captive/their captives" } }
• Ps 130:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.130.4", "source": "כִּֽי־עִמְּךָ֥ הַסְּלִיחָ֑ה לְ֝מַ֗עַן תִּוָּרֵֽא", "text": "For with *ʿimməkā* the *səlîḥāh* for *ləmaʿan* *tiwwārēʾ*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʿimməkā*": "preposition עִם with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - with you", "*hasəlîḥāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine, singular - the forgiveness", "*ləmaʿan*": "conjunction - in order that/for the purpose that", "*tiwwārēʾ*": "imperfect verb, 2nd person masculine singular, niphal form - you may be feared" }, "variants": { "*səlîḥāh*": "forgiveness/pardon", "*tiwwārēʾ*": "feared/revered/held in awe" } }
• Ps 145:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Psalms.145.8", "source": "חַנּ֣וּן וְרַח֣וּם יְהוָ֑ה אֶ֥רֶךְ אַ֝פַּ֗יִם וּגְדָל־חָֽסֶד", "text": "*Ḥannûn wᵊraḥûm YHWH*, *ʾereḵ ʾappayim* and *ûgᵊdāl-ḥāsed*", "grammar": { "*Ḥannûn*": "adjective masculine singular - gracious", "*wᵊraḥûm*": "conjunction + adjective masculine singular - and compassionate", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD", "*ʾereḵ*": "adjective masculine singular construct - slow/long of", "*ʾappayim*": "noun masculine dual - anger (lit: nostrils)", "*ûgᵊdāl*": "conjunction + adjective masculine singular construct - and great of", "*ḥāsed*": "noun masculine singular - steadfast love/mercy/kindness" }, "variants": { "*Ḥannûn*": "gracious/favorable/merciful", "*wᵊraḥûm*": "and compassionate/merciful", "*ʾereḵ ʾappayim*": "slow to anger/patient/long-suffering", "*ûgᵊdāl-ḥāsed*": "and great in steadfast love/abundant in mercy/abounding in lovingkindness" } } 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.145.9", "source": "טוֹב־יְהוָ֥ה לַכֹּ֑ל וְ֝רַחֲמָ֗יו עַל־כָּל־מַעֲשָֽׂיו", "text": "*Ṭôb-YHWH* to *lakkōl* and his *wᵊraḥămāyw* upon *ʿal-kāl-maʿăśāyw*", "grammar": { "*Ṭôb*": "adjective masculine singular - good", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD", "*lakkōl*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine singular - to all/everyone", "*wᵊraḥămāyw*": "conjunction + noun masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his compassion", "*ʿal-kāl-maʿăśāyw*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct + noun masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - upon all his works" }, "variants": { "*Ṭôb*": "good/pleasant/beneficial", "*lakkōl*": "to all/to everyone/to everything", "*wᵊraḥămāyw*": "and his compassion/mercy/tender mercies", "*ʿal-kāl-maʿăśāyw*": "upon all his works/over all his deeds/toward all his creation" } }
• Prov 1:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Proverbs.1.24", "source": "יַ֣עַן קָ֭רָאתִי וַתְּמָאֵ֑נוּ נָטִ֥יתִי יָ֝דִ֗י וְאֵ֣ין מַקְשִֽׁיב׃", "text": "*ya'an* *qarati* *wattəma'enu* *natiti* *yadi* *wə'ein* *maqshiv*", "grammar": { "*ya'an*": "conjunction - because", "*qarati*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular - I called", "*wattəma'enu*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you refused", "*natiti*": "qal perfect, 1st person singular - I stretched out", "*yadi*": "feminine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my hand", "*wə'ein*": "conjunction + construct state particle of negation - and there is no", "*maqshiv*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - one who pays attention" }, "variants": { "*qarati*": "called/summoned/invited", "*wattəma'enu*": "you refused/you declined/you rejected", "*natiti*": "stretched out/extended/reached out", "*maqshiv*": "one who pays attention/listener/heeder" } }
• Isa 55:7-9 : 7 { "verseID": "Isaiah.55.7", "source": "יַעֲזֹב רָשָׁע דַּרְכּוֹ וְאִישׁ אָוֶן מַחְשְׁבֹתָיו וְיָשֹׁב אֶל־יְהוָה וִירַחֲמֵהוּ וְאֶל־אֱלֹהֵינוּ כִּי־יַרְבֶּה לִסְלוֹחַ", "text": "*Yaʿăzōḇ* *rāšāʿ* *darkô* and-*ʾîš* *ʾāwen* *maḥšĕḇōṯāyw* and-*yāšōḇ* to-*YHWH* and-*yĕraḥămēhû* and-to-*ʾĕlōhênû* because-*yarbeh* to-*sĕlôaḥ*", "grammar": { "*Yaʿăzōḇ*": "verb, qal jussive, 3rd person masculine singular - let him forsake", "*rāšāʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular - wicked man", "*darkô*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his way", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of", "*ʾāwen*": "noun, masculine singular - iniquity/wickedness", "*maḥšĕḇōṯāyw*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his thoughts", "*yāšōḇ*": "verb, qal jussive, 3rd person masculine singular - let him return", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD", "*yĕraḥămēhû*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he will have mercy on him", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person common plural suffix - our God", "*yarbeh*": "verb, hifil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will multiply/increase", "*sĕlôaḥ*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to forgive" }, "variants": { "*Yaʿăzōḇ*": "let him forsake/abandon/leave", "*rāšāʿ*": "wicked person/criminal/guilty one", "*ʾāwen*": "iniquity/wickedness/evil/trouble", "*maḥšĕḇōṯāyw*": "his thoughts/plans/intentions", "*yāšōḇ*": "let him return/turn back/repent", "*yĕraḥămēhû*": "he will have mercy on him/compassion on him", "*yarbeh*": "he will abundantly/multiply/increase", "*sĕlôaḥ*": "to forgive/pardon" } } 8 { "verseID": "Isaiah.55.8", "source": "כִּי לֹא מַחְשְׁבוֹתַי מַחְשְׁבוֹתֵיכֶם וְלֹא דַרְכֵיכֶם דְּרָכָי נְאֻם יְהוָה", "text": "Because not *maḥšĕḇôṯay* *maḥšĕḇôṯêḵem* and-not *ḏarḵêḵem* *dĕrāḵāy* *nĕʾum* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*maḥšĕḇôṯay*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person common singular suffix - my thoughts", "*maḥšĕḇôṯêḵem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your thoughts", "*ḏarḵêḵem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your ways", "*dĕrāḵāy*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person common singular suffix - my ways", "*nĕʾum*": "noun, masculine singular construct - declaration of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/the LORD" }, "variants": { "*maḥšĕḇôṯay*": "my thoughts/plans/intentions", "*maḥšĕḇôṯêḵem*": "your thoughts/plans/intentions", "*ḏarḵêḵem*": "your ways/paths/courses", "*dĕrāḵāy*": "my ways/paths/courses", "*nĕʾum*": "declaration of/oracle of/utterance of" } } 9 { "verseID": "Isaiah.55.9", "source": "כִּי־גָבְהוּ שָׁמַיִם מֵאָרֶץ כֵּן גָּבְהוּ דְרָכַי מִדַּרְכֵיכֶם וּמַחְשְׁבֹתַי מִמַּחְשְׁבֹתֵיכֶם", "text": "Because-*ḡāḇĕhû* *šāmayim* from-*ʾāreṣ* so *ḡāḇĕhû* *ḏĕrāḵay* from-*darḵêḵem* and-*maḥšĕḇōṯay* from-*maḥšĕḇōṯêḵem*", "grammar": { "*ḡāḇĕhû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they are higher", "*šāmayim*": "noun, masculine plural - heavens", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - earth/land", "*ḡāḇĕhû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they are higher", "*ḏĕrāḵay*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person common singular suffix - my ways", "*darḵêḵem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your ways", "*maḥšĕḇōṯay*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person common singular suffix - my thoughts", "*maḥšĕḇōṯêḵem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your thoughts" }, "variants": { "*ḡāḇĕhû*": "they are higher/loftier/exalted", "*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground", "*ḏĕrāḵay*": "my ways/paths/courses", "*darḵêḵem*": "your ways/paths/courses", "*maḥšĕḇōṯay*": "my thoughts/plans/intentions", "*maḥšĕḇōṯêḵem*": "your thoughts/plans/intentions" } }