21{
"verseID": "2Kings.3.21",
"source": "וְכָל־מוֹאָב֙ שָֽׁמְע֔וּ כִּֽי־עָל֥וּ הַמְּלָכִ֖ים לְהִלָּ֣חֶם בָּ֑ם וַיִּצָּעֲק֗וּ מִכֹּ֨ל חֹגֵ֤ר חֲגֹרָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה וַיַּעַמְד֖וּ עַֽל־הַגְּבֽוּל׃",
"text": "And-all-*Môʾāb* *šāmĕʿû* that-*ʿālû* *ha-mĕlākîm* to-fight against-them, *wa-yiṣṣāʿăqû* from-all *ḥōgēr ḥăgōrāh* and-upward, *wa-yaʿamdû* at-*ha-gĕbûl*.",
"grammar": {
"*wĕ-kol*": "conjunction + noun - and all",
"*Môʾāb*": "proper name - Moab",
"*šāmĕʿû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they heard",
"*ʿālû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they had come up",
"*ha-mĕlākîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the kings",
"*lĕ-hillāḥem*": "preposition + niphal infinitive construct - to fight",
"*bām*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - against them",
"*wa-yiṣṣāʿăqû*": "conjunction + niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they were called/summoned",
"*mi-kōl*": "preposition + noun - from all",
"*ḥōgēr ḥăgōrāh*": "qal participle + feminine noun - girding a belt/putting on armor",
"*wa-māʿĕlāh*": "conjunction + adverb - and upward/above",
"*wa-yaʿamdû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they stood",
"*ha-gĕbûl*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the border"
},
"variants": {
"*šāmĕʿû*": "heard/learned",
"*ʿālû*": "had come up/advanced/approached",
"*lĕ-hillāḥem*": "to fight/make war",
"*wa-yiṣṣāʿăqû*": "were summoned/called out/gathered",
"*ḥōgēr ḥăgōrāh*": "able to put on armor/of military age",
"*wa-māʿĕlāh*": "and older/mature/above that age",
"*ha-gĕbûl*": "the border/boundary/frontier"
}
}
22{
"verseID": "2Kings.3.22",
"source": "וַיַּשְׁכִּ֣ימוּ בַבֹּ֔קֶר וְהַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁ זָרְחָ֣ה עַל־הַמָּ֑יִם וַיִּרְא֨וּ מוֹאָ֥ב מִנֶּ֛גֶד אֶת־הַמַּ֖יִם אֲדֻמִּ֥ים כַּדָּֽם׃",
"text": "*wa-yaškîmû* in-the-morning, and-*ha-šemeš* *zārĕḥāh* upon-the-water; *wa-yirʾû* *Môʾāb* from-opposite *ʾet*-the-water *ʾădummîm* like-*ha-dām*.",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yaškîmû*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they rose early",
"*ba-bōqer*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - in the morning",
"*ha-šemeš*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the sun",
"*zārĕḥāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - it shone/rose",
"*ha-māyim*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the water",
"*wa-yirʾû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they saw",
"*Môʾāb*": "proper name - Moab",
"*mi-neged*": "preposition + preposition - from opposite",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ʾădummîm*": "masculine plural adjective - red",
"*ka-dām*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - like blood"
},
"variants": {
"*wa-yaškîmû*": "they rose early/got up at dawn",
"*zārĕḥāh*": "shone/rose/beamed",
"*mi-neged*": "from across/opposite/facing",
"*ʾădummîm*": "red/ruddy/crimson"
}
}
23{
"verseID": "2Kings.3.23",
"source": "וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ דָּ֣ם זֶ֔ה הָחֳרֵ֤ב נֶֽחֶרְבוּ֙ הַמְּלָכִ֔ים וַיַּכּ֖וּ אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־רֵעֵ֑הוּ וְעַתָּ֥ה לַשָּׁלָ֖ל מוֹאָֽב׃",
"text": "*wa-yōʾmĕrû*, *dām* this, *hāḥŏrēb neḥerbû* *ha-mĕlākîm* *wa-yakkû* each *ʾet*-his-fellow; and-now to-the-spoil, *Môʾāb*!",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yōʾmĕrû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they said",
"*dām*": "masculine singular noun - blood",
"*zeh*": "masculine singular demonstrative - this",
"*hāḥŏrēb*": "infinitive absolute - surely destroyed",
"*neḥerbû*": "niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - they have been destroyed",
"*ha-mĕlākîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the kings",
"*wa-yakkû*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they have struck",
"*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - each man",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*rēʿēhû*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his neighbor/companion",
"*wĕ-ʿattāh*": "conjunction + adverb - and now",
"*la-šālāl*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - to the spoil/plunder",
"*Môʾāb*": "proper name - Moab"
},
"variants": {
"*hāḥŏrēb neḥerbû*": "they have utterly destroyed/slaughtered one another",
"*wa-yakkû*": "they have struck/killed/attacked",
"*la-šālāl*": "to the spoil/to the plunder/to take spoil"
}
}
24{
"verseID": "2Kings.3.24",
"source": "וַיָּבֹאוּ֮ אֶל־מַחֲנֵ֣ה יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ וַיָּקֻ֤מוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וַיַּכּ֣וּ אֶת־מוֹאָ֔ב וַיָּנֻ֖סוּ מִפְּנֵיהֶ֑ם *ויבו־**וַיַּכּוּ־בָ֔הּ וְהַכּ֖וֹת אֶת־מוֹאָֽב׃",
"text": "*wa-yābōʾû* to-camp-of-*Yiśrāʾēl*, *wa-yāqūmû* *Yiśrāʾēl* *wa-yakkû* *ʾet*-*Môʾāb*, *wa-yānūsû* from-their-faces; *wa-yakkû-bāh* and-striking *ʾet*-*Môʾāb*.",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yābōʾû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they came",
"*maḥănēh*": "masculine singular construct - camp of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - Israel",
"*wa-yāqūmû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they arose",
"*wa-yakkû*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they struck",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*Môʾāb*": "proper name - Moab",
"*wa-yānūsû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they fled",
"*mi-pĕnêhem*": "preposition + plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - from before them",
"*wa-yakkû-bāh*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural + preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and they struck into it",
"*wĕ-hakkôt*": "conjunction + hiphil infinitive absolute - and striking"
},
"variants": {
"*wa-yābōʾû*": "they came/entered",
"*wa-yāqūmû*": "they arose/stood up/prepared for battle",
"*wa-yakkû*": "they struck/defeated/attacked",
"*wa-yānūsû*": "they fled/ran away",
"*wa-yakkû-bāh*": "they struck into it/penetrated and attacked",
"*wĕ-hakkôt*": "and continuing to strike/attacking repeatedly"
}
}