Proverbs 14:10

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Proverbs.14.10", "source": "לֵ֗ב י֭וֹדֵעַ מָרַּ֣ת נַפְשׁ֑וֹ וּ֝בְשִׂמְחָת֗וֹ לֹא־יִתְעָ֥רַב זָֽר׃", "text": "*lēb* *yôdēaʿ* *marrat* *napšô* and in *śimḥātô* not *yitʿārab* *zār*", "grammar": { "*lēb*": "masculine singular noun - heart", "*yôdēaʿ*": "masculine singular Qal participle - knowing", "*marrat*": "construct feminine singular noun - bitterness of", "*napšô*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his soul", "*śimḥātô*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his joy", "*yitʿārab*": "3rd person masculine singular Hithpael imperfect - he will share", "*zār*": "masculine singular adjective - stranger" }, "variants": { "*lēb*": "heart/mind/inner person", "*yôdēaʿ*": "knows/understands/perceives", "*marrat*": "bitterness/grief/sorrow", "*napšô*": "his soul/his life/himself", "*śimḥātô*": "his joy/his happiness/his gladness", "*yitʿārab*": "shares/mingles/participates", "*zār*": "stranger/foreigner/outsider" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

לֵ֗ב י֭וֹדֵעַ מָרַּ֣ת נַפְשׁ֑וֹ וּ֝בְשִׂמְחָת֗וֹ לֹא־יִתְעָ֥רַב זָֽר׃

Transliteration

lēb yôdēaʿ marrat napšô and in śimḥātô not yitʿārab zār

Grammar Details

• *lēb*: masculine singular noun - heart
• *yôdēaʿ*: masculine singular Qal participle - knowing
• *marrat*: construct feminine singular noun - bitterness of
• *napšô*: feminine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his soul
• *śimḥātô*: feminine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his joy
• *yitʿārab*: 3rd person masculine singular Hithpael imperfect - he will share
• *zār*: masculine singular adjective - stranger

Word Meanings

• *lēb*: heart/mind/inner person
• *yôdēaʿ*: knows/understands/perceives
• *marrat*: bitterness/grief/sorrow
• *napšô*: his soul/his life/himself
• *śimḥātô*: his joy/his happiness/his gladness
• *yitʿārab*: shares/mingles/participates
• *zār*: stranger/foreigner/outsider

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  The heart knows its own bitterness, and no stranger can share its joy.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  The heart knoweth his own bitterness; and a stranger doth not intermeddle with his joy.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  The heart knows its own bitterness, and a stranger does not share its joy.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  The heart knoweth his own bitterness; and a stranger doth not intermeddle with his joy.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  The heart knoweth its own bitterness; And a stranger doth not intermeddle with its joy.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  The heart knoweth his own bitterness; and a stranger doth not intermeddle with his joy.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  The herte of him that hath vnderstondinge wil nether dispare for eny sorow, ner be to presumptuous for eny sodane ioye.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  The heart knoweth the bitternes of his soule, & the stranger shall not medle with his ioy.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  The heart knoweth his owne soules bitternesse: and the straunger shall not be partaker of his ioy.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ The heart knoweth his own bitterness; and a stranger doth not intermeddle with his joy.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  The heart knows its own bitterness and joy; He will not share these with a stranger.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  The heart knoweth its own bitterness, And with its joy a stranger doth not intermeddle.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  The heart knoweth its own bitterness; And a stranger doth not intermeddle with its joy.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  The heart knoweth its own bitterness; And a stranger doth not intermeddle with its joy.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  No one has knowledge of a man's grief but himself; and a strange person has no part in his joy.

• World English Bible (2000)

  The heart knows its own bitterness and joy; he will not share these with a stranger.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  The heart knows its own bitterness, and with its joy no one else can share.

Referenced Verses

• 1 Sam 1:10 : 10 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.1.10", "source": "וְהִ֖יא מָ֣רַת נָ֑פֶשׁ וַתִּתְפַּלֵּ֥ל עַל־יְהוָ֖ה וּבָכֹ֥ה תִבְכֶּֽה׃", "text": "And-she *mārat* *nāpeš* and-*wattitpallēl* unto-*YHWH* and-*ḇākōh* *tiḇkeh*.", "grammar": { "*wəhîʾ*": "conjunction waw + 3rd feminine singular independent pronoun - and she", "*mārat*": "adjective feminine singular construct - bitter of", "*nāpeš*": "feminine singular noun - soul", "*wattitpallēl*": "conjunction waw + hitpael imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and she prayed", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/to/unto", "*ûḇākōh*": "conjunction waw + qal infinitive absolute - and weeping", "*tiḇkeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - she wept" }, "variants": { "*mārat nāpeš*": "bitter of soul/bitter in spirit/in bitterness of soul", "*ʿal-YHWH*": "to YHWH/upon YHWH/unto YHWH", "*ḇākōh tiḇkeh*": "she wept greatly/she wept and wept/she wept bitterly (Hebrew infinitive absolute for emphasis)" } }
• Job 10:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Job.10.1", "source": "נָֽקְטָ֥ה נַפְשִׁ֗י בְּחַ֫יָּ֥י אֶֽעֶזְבָ֣ה עָלַ֣י שִׂיחִ֑י אֲ֝דַבְּרָה֗ בְּמַ֣ר נַפְשִֽׁי׃", "text": "*nāqṭâ* *napšî* in *ḥayyāy* *ʾeʿezəbâ* upon me *śîḥî* *ʾădabbərâ* in *mar* *napšî*", "grammar": { "*nāqṭâ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - is weary/loathes", "*napšî*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person suffix - my soul", "*ḥayyāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person suffix - my life", "*ʾeʿezəbâ*": "Qal imperfect, 1st singular cohortative - I will abandon/leave", "*śîḥî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person suffix - my complaint", "*ʾădabbərâ*": "Piel imperfect, 1st singular cohortative - I will speak", "*mar*": "adjective, masculine singular construct - bitterness of", "*napšî*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person suffix - my soul" }, "variants": { "*nāqṭâ*": "is weary/loathes/is disgusted", "*napšî*": "my soul/my life/myself", "*śîḥî*": "my complaint/my meditation/my discourse", "*mar*": "bitterness/grief/anguish" } }
• Prov 18:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Proverbs.18.14", "source": "רֽוּחַ־אִ֭ישׁ יְכַלְכֵּ֣ל מַחֲלֵ֑הוּ וְר֥וּחַ נְ֝כֵאָ֗ה מִ֣י יִשָּׂאֶֽנָּה׃", "text": "*rûaḥ*-*ʾîš* *yəḵalkel* *maḥălēhû* and-*rûaḥ* *nəḵēʾāh* who *yiśśāʾennāh*", "grammar": { "*rûaḥ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - spirit of", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/person", "*yəḵalkel*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - sustains/supports/endures", "*maḥălēhû*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sickness/illness", "*nəḵēʾāh*": "verb, niphal participle, feminine singular - broken/wounded/stricken", "*yiśśāʾennāh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - will lift it up/bear it" }, "variants": { "*rûaḥ*": "spirit/disposition/mind/breath", "*yəḵalkel*": "sustains/supports/endures/bears", "*maḥălēhû*": "his sickness/his illness/his infirmity", "*nəḵēʾāh*": "broken/wounded/stricken/crushed", "*yiśśāʾennāh*": "will lift it up/bear it/endure it/carry it" } }
• Mark 14:33-34 : 33 { "verseID": "Mark.14.33", "source": "Καὶ παραλαμβάνει τὸν Πέτρον καὶ τὸν Ἰάκωβον καὶ Ἰωάννην μεθʼ ἑαυτοῦ, καὶ ἤρξατο ἐκθαμβεῖσθαι, καὶ ἀδημονεῖν·", "text": "And *paralambanei* the *Petron* and the *Iakōbon* and *Iōannēn* with himself, and *ērxato* *ekthambeisthai*, and *adēmonein*:", "grammar": { "*paralambanei*": "present indicative, 3rd person singular - he takes with him", "*Petron*": "accusative singular masculine - Peter", "*Iakōbon*": "accusative singular masculine - James", "*Iōannēn*": "accusative singular masculine - John", "*ērxato*": "aorist indicative, 3rd person singular - he began", "*ekthambeisthai*": "present passive infinitive - to be greatly amazed/distressed", "*adēmonein*": "present active infinitive - to be troubled/distressed" }, "variants": { "*paralambanei*": "he takes with him/takes along", "*ekthambeisthai*": "to be greatly amazed/distressed/alarmed", "*adēmonein*": "to be troubled/distressed/anguished" } } 34 { "verseID": "Mark.14.34", "source": "Καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς, Περίλυπός ἐστιν ἡ ψυχή μου ἕως θανάτου: μείνατε ὧδε, καὶ γρηγορεῖτε.", "text": "And *legei* to them, *Perilypos* *estin* the *psychē* of me *heōs* *thanatou*: *meinate* *hōde*, and *grēgoreite*.", "grammar": { "*legei*": "present indicative, 3rd person singular - he says", "*Perilypos*": "nominative singular feminine - deeply grieved", "*estin*": "present indicative, 3rd person singular - is", "*psychē*": "nominative singular feminine - soul", "*heōs*": "preposition - to the point of", "*thanatou*": "genitive singular masculine - death", "*meinate*": "aorist imperative, 2nd person plural - remain", "*hōde*": "adverb - here", "*grēgoreite*": "present imperative, 2nd person plural - stay awake" }, "variants": { "*Perilypos*": "deeply grieved/very sorrowful/overwhelmed with sorrow", "*psychē*": "soul/life/inner self", "*meinate*": "remain/stay", "*grēgoreite*": "stay awake/keep watch/be alert" } }
• John 14:18 : 18 { "verseID": "John.14.18", "source": "Οὐκ ἀφήσω ὑμᾶς ὀρφανούς: ἔρχομαι πρὸς ὑμᾶς.", "text": "Not *aphēsō hymas orphanous*: *erchomai pros hymas*.", "grammar": { "*aphēsō*": "future indicative active, 1st person singular - I will leave", "*hymas*": "accusative, 2nd person plural pronoun - you", "*orphanous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - orphans/bereaved", "*erchomai*": "present indicative middle, 1st person singular - I come/am coming", "*pros hymas*": "preposition + accusative pronoun - to you" }, "variants": { "*aphēsō*": "leave/abandon/let go", "*orphanous*": "orphans/fatherless/bereaved", "*erchomai*": "come/arrive/appear" } }
• Phil 4:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Philippians.4.7", "source": "Καὶ ἡ εἰρήνη τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἡ ὑπερέχουσα πάντα νοῦν, φρουρήσει τὰς καρδίας ὑμῶν καὶ τὰ νοήματα ὑμῶν ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ.", "text": "And the *eirēnē* of the *Theou*, the *hyperechousa panta noun*, *phourēsei* the *kardias* of you and the *noēmata* of you in *Christō Iēsou*.", "grammar": { "*eirēnē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - peace", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*hyperechousa*": "present participle, nominative, feminine, singular - surpassing/exceeding", "*panta*": "accusative, masculine, singular - all/every", "*noun*": "accusative, masculine, singular - mind/understanding", "*phourēsei*": "future indicative, 3rd person singular - will guard/protect", "*kardias*": "accusative, feminine, plural - hearts", "*noēmata*": "accusative, neuter, plural - thoughts/minds", "*Christō*": "dative, masculine, singular - Christ", "*Iēsou*": "dative, masculine, singular - Jesus" }, "variants": { "*eirēnē*": "peace/tranquility/harmony", "*Theou*": "of God/divine", "*hyperechousa*": "surpassing/exceeding/transcending/beyond", "*panta*": "all/every", "*noun*": "mind/understanding/comprehension/intellect", "*phourēsei*": "will guard/protect/keep/garrison", "*kardias*": "hearts/inner selves/emotions", "*noēmata*": "thoughts/minds/mental perceptions/understanding", "*Christō*": "Christ/Messiah/Anointed One", "*Iēsou*": "Jesus" } }
• Rev 2:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Revelation.2.17", "source": "Ὁ ἔχων οὖς, ἀκουσάτω τί τὸ Πνεῦμα λέγει ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις· Τῷ νικῶντι δώσω αὐτῷ φαγεῖν ἀπὸ τοῦ μάννα τοῦ κεκρυμμένου, καὶ δώσω αὐτῷ ψῆφον λευκὴν, καὶ ἐπὶ τὴν ψῆφον ὄνομα καινὸν γεγραμμένον, ὃ οὐδεὶς ἔγνω εἰ μὴ ὁ λαμβάνων.", "text": "The *echōn ous*, *akousatō* what the *Pneuma legei* to-the *ekklēsiais*: To-the *nikōnti* I-will-give to-him *phagein* from the *manna* the *kekrummenou*, and I-will-give to-him *psēphon leukēn*, and upon the *psēphon onoma kainon gegrammenon*, which *oudeis egnō* if not the *lambanōn*.", "grammar": { "*echōn*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having", "*ous*": "accusative, neuter, singular - ear", "*akousatō*": "aorist imperative, 3rd singular - let him hear", "*Pneuma*": "nominative, neuter, singular - Spirit", "*legei*": "present indicative, 3rd singular - says/speaks", "*ekklēsiais*": "dative, feminine, plural - to assemblies/churches", "*nikōnti*": "present participle, dative, masculine, singular - to the one conquering", "*dōsō*": "future indicative, 1st singular - I will give", "*phagein*": "aorist infinitive - to eat", "*manna*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of manna", "*kekrummenou*": "perfect participle passive, genitive, neuter, singular - having been hidden", "*psēphon*": "accusative, feminine, singular - stone/pebble", "*leukēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - white", "*onoma*": "accusative, neuter, singular - name", "*kainon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - new", "*gegrammenon*": "perfect participle passive, accusative, neuter, singular - having been written", "*oudeis*": "nominative, masculine, singular - no one", "*egnō*": "aorist indicative, 3rd singular - knew", "*lambanōn*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, singular - receiving" }, "variants": { "*ous*": "ear/hearing", "*Pneuma*": "Spirit/Breath/Wind", "*ekklēsiais*": "assemblies/churches/congregations", "*nikōnti*": "conquering/overcoming/victorious one", "*manna*": "manna (heavenly food)", "*kekrummenou*": "hidden/concealed/secret", "*psēphon*": "stone/pebble/voting token", "*leukēn*": "white/bright", "*kainon*": "new/fresh/unused", "*gegrammenon*": "written/inscribed", "*lambanōn*": "receiving/taking/accepting" } }
• Gen 42:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Genesis.42.21", "source": "וַיֹּאמְר֞וּ אִ֣ישׁ אֶל־אָחִ֗יו אֲבָל֮ אֲשֵׁמִ֣ים ׀ אֲנַחְנוּ֮ עַל־אָחִינוּ֒ אֲשֶׁ֨ר רָאִ֜ינוּ צָרַ֥ת נַפְשׁ֛וֹ בְּהִתְחַֽנְנ֥וֹ אֵלֵ֖ינוּ וְלֹ֣א שָׁמָ֑עְנוּ עַל־כֵּן֙ בָּ֣אָה אֵלֵ֔ינוּ הַצָּרָ֖ה הַזֹּֽאת׃", "text": "And *yōʾmrû* *ʾîš* to-*ʾāḥîw*, *ʾăḇāl* *ʾăšēmîm* *ʾănaḥnû* concerning-*ʾāḥînû*, *ʾăšer* *rāʾînû* *ṣārat* *nap̄šô* in-*hiṯḥannô* to-us and not *šāmāʿnû*; upon-*kēn* *bāʾāh* to-us the-*ṣārāh* the-*zōʾṯ*.", "grammar": { "*yōʾmrû*": "verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - they said", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/each", "*ʾāḥîw*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his brother", "*ʾăḇāl*": "adverb - truly/indeed/however", "*ʾăšēmîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - guilty", "*ʾănaḥnû*": "pronoun, 1st person common plural - we", "*ʾāḥînû*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person common plural suffix - our brother", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which/that", "*rāʾînû*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person common plural - we saw", "*ṣārat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - distress of", "*nap̄šô*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his soul", "*hiṯḥannô*": "verb, hithpael infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his pleading", "*šāmāʿnû*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person common plural - we heard/listened", "*kēn*": "adverb - thus/so/therefore", "*bāʾāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she came/has come", "*ṣārāh*": "noun, feminine singular - distress/trouble", "*zōʾṯ*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*yōʾmrû*": "said/spoke/thought/commanded", "*ʾîš*": "man/each one/each to", "*ʾāḥîw*": "his brother/kinsman", "*ʾăḇāl*": "truly/indeed/but/however", "*ʾăšēmîm*": "guilty/liable/responsible", "*ʾāḥînû*": "our brother/kinsman", "*rāʾînû*": "we saw/perceived/experienced", "*ṣārat*": "distress/trouble/anguish of", "*nap̄šô*": "his soul/self/life/person/desire", "*hiṯḥannô*": "his pleading/begging/imploring", "*šāmāʿnû*": "we heard/listened/obeyed", "*bāʾāh*": "came/has come/arrived", "*ṣārāh*": "distress/trouble/anguish", "*zōʾṯ*": "this/this one" } }
• 1 Pet 1:8 : 8 { "verseID": "1 Peter.1.8", "source": "Ὃν οὐκ ἰδόντες, ἀγαπᾶτε· εἰς ὃν, ἄρτι μὴ ὁρῶντες, πιστεύοντες δὲ, ἀγαλλιᾶσθε χαρᾷ ἀνεκλαλήτῳ καὶ δεδοξασμένῃ:", "text": "Whom not having *idontes*, you *agapate*; into whom, *arti* not *horōntes*, but *pisteuontes*, you *agalliasthe* with *chara* *aneklalētō* and *dedoxasmenē*:", "grammar": { "*idontes*": "aorist, active, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - concessive", "*agapate*": "present, active, indicative, 2nd person, plural - ongoing action", "*arti*": "adverb - temporal", "*horōntes*": "present, active, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - concessive", "*pisteuontes*": "present, active, participle, nominative, masculine, plural - causal", "*agalliasthe*": "present, middle/passive, indicative, 2nd person, plural - result", "*chara*": "dative, feminine, singular - means/manner", "*aneklalētō*": "dative, feminine, singular - attributive adjective", "*dedoxasmenē*": "perfect, passive, participle, dative, feminine, singular - attributive" }, "variants": { "*idontes*": "having seen/beheld/perceived", "*agapate*": "love/cherish/value highly", "*horōntes*": "seeing/beholding/perceiving", "*pisteuontes*": "believing/trusting/having faith", "*agalliasthe*": "rejoice greatly/exult/are overjoyed", "*chara*": "joy/gladness/delight", "*aneklalētō*": "inexpressible/unspeakable/beyond words", "*dedoxasmenē*": "glorified/exalted/filled with glory" } }
• John 14:23 : 23 { "verseID": "John.14.23", "source": "Ἀπεκρίθη Ἰησοῦς καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ, Ἐάν τις ἀγαπᾷ με, τὸν λόγον μου τηρήσει: καὶ ὁ Πατήρ μου ἀγαπήσει αὐτόν, καὶ πρὸς αὐτὸν ἐλευσόμεθα, καὶ μονὴν παρʼ αὐτῷ ποιήσομεν.", "text": "*Apekrithē Iēsous* and *eipen autō*, If anyone *agapa me*, the *logon* of me *tērēsei*: and the *Patēr* of me *agapēsei auton*, and *pros auton eleusometha*, and *monēn par' autō poiēsomen*.", "grammar": { "*Apekrithē*": "aorist indicative passive, 3rd person singular - answered", "*Iēsous*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*eipen*": "aorist indicative active, 3rd person singular - said", "*autō*": "dative, masculine, singular pronoun - to him", "*agapa*": "present subjunctive active, 3rd person singular - loves", "*me*": "accusative, 1st person singular pronoun - me", "*logon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - word/message", "*mou*": "genitive, 1st person singular pronoun - my/of me", "*tērēsei*": "future indicative active, 3rd person singular - will keep", "*Patēr*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Father", "*agapēsei*": "future indicative active, 3rd person singular - will love", "*auton*": "accusative, masculine, singular pronoun - him", "*pros auton*": "preposition + accusative pronoun - to him", "*eleusometha*": "future indicative middle, 1st person plural - we will come", "*monēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - dwelling/abode", "*par' autō*": "preposition + dative pronoun - with him", "*poiēsomen*": "future indicative active, 1st person plural - we will make" }, "variants": { "*agapa*": "loves/cherishes/values highly", "*logon*": "word/message/statement/teaching", "*tērēsei*": "will keep/will observe/will guard", "*monēn*": "dwelling/abode/residence/room" } }
• John 12:27 : 27 { "verseID": "John.12.27", "source": "Νῦν ἡ ψυχή μου τετάρακται· καὶ τί εἴπω; Πάτερ, σῶσόν με ἐκ τῆς ὥρας ταύτης: ἀλλὰ διὰ τοῦτο ἦλθον εἰς τὴν ὥραν ταύτην.", "text": "Now the *psychē* of me is *tetaraktai*; and what should I *eipō*? *Pater*, *sōson* me from the *hōras* this; but for this I *ēlthon* to the *hōran* this.", "grammar": { "*psychē*": "nominative feminine singular - soul/life/self", "*tetaraktai*": "perfect passive indicative, 3rd person singular - has been troubled/disturbed", "*eipō*": "aorist active subjunctive, 1st person singular - should say/speak", "*Pater*": "vocative masculine singular - Father", "*sōson*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd person singular - save/rescue/deliver", "*hōras*": "genitive feminine singular - hour/time/appointed time", "*ēlthon*": "aorist active indicative, 1st person singular - I came/arrived", "*hōran*": "accusative feminine singular - hour/time/appointed time" }, "variants": { "*psychē*": "soul/life/inner self/being", "*tetaraktai*": "has been troubled/disturbed/agitated/distressed", "*eipō*": "should say/speak/tell", "*Pater*": "Father (addressing God)", "*sōson*": "save/rescue/deliver/preserve", "*hōras*": "hour/time/moment/appointed time", "*ēlthon*": "came/arrived/appeared" } }
• Ezek 3:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.3.14", "source": "וְר֥וּחַ נְשָׂאַ֖תְנִי וַתִּקָּחֵ֑נִי וָאֵלֵ֥ךְ מַר֙ בַּחֲמַ֣ת רוּחִ֔י וְיַד־יְהוָ֥ה עָלַ֖י חָזָֽקָה׃", "text": "And *werûaḥ* *neśāʾaṯnî* and *wattiqqāḥēnî*; and *wāʾēlēḵ* *mar* in *baḥămaṯ* my *rûḥî*, and *weyaḏ*-*yehwāh* upon me *ʿālay* *ḥāzāqāh*.", "grammar": { "*werûaḥ*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun - and spirit/wind", "*neśāʾaṯnî*": "Qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - lifted me", "*wattiqqāḥēnî*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - and took me", "*wāʾēlēḵ*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I went", "*mar*": "adjective, masculine singular - bitter", "*baḥămaṯ*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - in heat/anger of", "*rûḥî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my spirit", "*weyaḏ*": "conjunction + feminine singular construct - and hand of", "*yehwāh*": "proper noun - LORD", "*ʿālay*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - upon me", "*ḥāzāqāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - strong" }, "variants": { "*werûaḥ*": "and spirit/wind/breath", "*neśāʾaṯnî*": "lifted me/carried me/bore me", "*wattiqqāḥēnî*": "and took me/led me/carried me", "*wāʾēlēḵ*": "and I went/walked/departed", "*mar*": "bitter/grieved/angry", "*ḥămaṯ*": "heat/anger/wrath/fury of", "*rûḥî*": "my spirit/mind/breath", "*yaḏ*": "hand/power/strength of", "*ḥāzāqāh*": "strong/mighty/powerful" } }
• Ps 25:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Psalms.25.14", "source": "ס֣וֹד יְ֭הוָה לִירֵאָ֑יו וּ֝בְרִית֗וֹ לְהוֹדִיעָֽם", "text": "*sôḏ YHWH lîrēʾāyw ûḇĕrîṯô lĕhôḏîʿām*", "grammar": { "*sôḏ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'counsel/secret'", "*lîrēʾāyw*": "preposition + participle, Qal masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'to those who fear him'", "*ûḇĕrîṯô*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'and his covenant'", "*lĕhôḏîʿām*": "preposition + verb, Hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'to make them know'" }, "variants": { "*sôḏ*": "counsel/secret/intimate conversation/assembly", "*yĕrēʾāyw*": "those who fear him/those who revere him", "*ḇĕrîṯô*": "his covenant/his agreement/his pledge", "*lĕhôḏîʿām*": "to make them know/to reveal to them/to inform them" } }
• Prov 15:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Proverbs.15.13", "source": "לֵ֣ב שָׂ֭מֵחַ יֵיטִ֣ב פָּנִ֑ים וּבְעַצְּבַת־לֵ֝ב ר֣וּחַ נְכֵאָֽה׃", "text": "*Lēḇ śāmēaḥ yêṭîḇ pānîm ûḇəʿaṣṣəḇat-lēḇ rûaḥ nəḵēʾāh*", "grammar": { "*Lēḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - heart", "*śāmēaḥ*": "adjective, masculine singular - joyful/glad", "*yêṭîḇ*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - makes good/gladdens", "*pānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - face/countenance", "*ûḇəʿaṣṣəḇat*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - but in sorrow of", "*lēḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - heart", "*rûaḥ*": "noun, feminine singular - spirit", "*nəḵēʾāh*": "niphal participle, feminine singular - is broken/crushed" }, "variants": { "*Lēḇ śāmēaḥ*": "joyful heart/glad mind", "*yêṭîḇ pānîm*": "makes face cheerful/brightens countenance", "*ûḇəʿaṣṣəḇat-lēḇ*": "but in sorrow of heart/yet in grief of mind", "*rûaḥ nəḵēʾāh*": "spirit is broken/crushed spirit" } }
• 2 Kgs 4:27 : 27 { "verseID": "2Kings.4.27", "source": "וַתָּבֹ֞א אֶל־אִ֤ישׁ הָֽאֱלֹהִים֙ אֶל־הָהָ֔ר וַֽתַּחֲזֵ֖ק בְּרַגְלָ֑יו וַיִּגַּ֨שׁ גֵּֽיחֲזִ֜י לְהָדְפָ֗הּ וַיֹּאמֶר֩ אִ֨ישׁ הָאֱלֹהִ֤ים הַרְפֵּֽה־לָהּ֙ כִּֽי־נַפְשָׁ֣הּ מָֽרָה־לָ֔הּ וַֽיהוָה֙ הֶעְלִ֣ים מִמֶּ֔נִּי וְלֹ֥א הִגִּ֖יד לִֽי׃", "text": "And *wattābōʾ* to *ʾîš* the *hāʾĕlōhîm* to the *hāhār* and *wattaḥăzēq* by his *ragĕlāyw*; and *wayyiggaš* *gêḥăzî* to *lĕhādĕpāh*, and *wayōmer* *ʾîš* the *hāʾĕlōhîm*, \"*harpēh*-to her, for her *napšāh* *mārâ*-to her, and *wayhwh* has *heʿĕlîm* from me and not *higgîd* to me.\"", "grammar": { "*wattābōʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and she came'", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'man of'", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - 'the God/gods'", "*hāhār*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the mountain'", "*wattaḥăzēq*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person feminine singular with waw consecutive - 'and she seized'", "*ragĕlāyw*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his feet'", "*wayyiggaš*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - 'and he approached'", "*gêḥăzî*": "proper noun - 'Gehazi'", "*lĕhādĕpāh*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition *lĕ* + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - 'to push her away'", "*wayōmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - 'and he said'", "*harpēh*": "Hiphil imperative masculine singular - 'let go'", "*napšāh*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - 'her soul'", "*mārâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - 'is bitter'", "*wayhwh*": "proper noun - 'and YHWH'", "*heʿĕlîm*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'has hidden'", "*higgîd*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'told'" }, "variants": { "*wattaḥăzēq bĕragĕlāyw*": "and she seized/grasped/caught hold of his feet", "*wayyiggaš*": "and he approached/came near", "*lĕhādĕpāh*": "to push her away/to thrust her aside", "*harpēh-lāh*": "let her alone/leave her be", "*napšāh mārâ-lāh*": "her soul is bitter to her/she is in distress", "*heʿĕlîm mimmennî*": "has hidden from me/has concealed from me", "*higgîd*": "told/informed/revealed" } }
• Job 6:2-4 : 2 { "verseID": "Job.6.2", "source": "ל֗וּ שָׁק֣וֹל יִשָּׁקֵ֣ל כַּעְשִׂ֑י וְהַוָּתִ֗י בְּֽמֹאזְנַ֥יִם יִשְׂאוּ־יָֽחַד׃", "text": "*lû šāqôl yiššāqēl kaʿśî wə-hawwātî bə-mōʾznayim yiśʾû-yāḥad*", "grammar": { "*lû*": "particle expressing wish/condition - if only/Oh that", "*šāqôl yiššāqēl*": "infinitive absolute + Niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - would surely be weighed", "*kaʿśî*": "preposition *kə* + noun + 1st person singular suffix - my vexation/grief", "*wə-hawwātî*": "conjunction + noun + 1st person singular suffix - and my calamity/ruin", "*bə-mōʾznayim*": "preposition + noun, masculine dual - in/on scales/balances", "*yiśʾû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they would lift/take up", "*yāḥad*": "adverb - together/at once" }, "variants": { "*lû*": "if only/would that", "*kaʿś*": "vexation/grief/anger", "*hawwâ*": "calamity/destruction/ruin", "*mōʾznayim*": "scales/balances", "*nāśāʾ*": "to lift up/carry/bear" } } 3 { "verseID": "Job.6.3", "source": "כִּֽי־עַתָּ֗ה מֵח֣וֹל יַמִּ֣ים יִכְבָּ֑ד עַל־כֵּ֝֗ן דְּבָרַ֥י לָֽעוּ׃", "text": "*kî-ʿattâ mēḥôl yammîm yikbād ʿal-kēn dəbāray lāʿû*", "grammar": { "*kî-ʿattâ*": "conjunction + adverb - for now", "*mēḥôl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - than sand of", "*yammîm*": "noun, masculine plural - seas", "*yikbād*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it is heavier", "*ʿal-kēn*": "preposition + adverb - therefore", "*dəbāray*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix - my words", "*lāʿû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd plural - they are rash/wild/hasty" }, "variants": { "*ḥôl*": "sand", "*yām*": "sea", "*kābēd*": "to be heavy/weighty/burdensome", "*lûaʿ*": "to speak rashly/wildly/hastily" } } 4 { "verseID": "Job.6.4", "source": "כִּ֤י חִצֵּ֪י שַׁדַּ֡י עִמָּדִ֗י אֲשֶׁ֣ר חֲ֭מָתָם שֹׁתָ֣ה רוּחִ֑י בִּעוּתֵ֖י אֱל֣וֹהַּ יַֽעַרְכֽוּנִי׃", "text": "*kî ḥiṣṣê Šadday ʿimmādî ʾăšer ḥămātām šōtâ rûḥî biʿûtê ʾĕlôah yaʿarkûnî*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ḥiṣṣê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - arrows of", "*Šadday*": "divine name - Almighty", "*ʿimmādî*": "preposition + 1st person singular suffix - with me", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/whose", "*ḥămātām*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their poison/venom", "*šōtâ*": "Qal participle, feminine singular - drinks", "*rûḥî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my spirit", "*biʿûtê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - terrors of", "*ʾĕlôah*": "divine name - God", "*yaʿarkûnî*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix - they array themselves against me" }, "variants": { "*ḥēṣ*": "arrow", "*Šadday*": "Almighty/All-sufficient One", "*ḥēmâ*": "poison/venom/anger/wrath", "*šātâ*": "to drink/swallow/consume", "*rûaḥ*": "spirit/breath/wind", "*biʿûtîm*": "terrors/alarms", "*ʿārak*": "to arrange/set in order/array against" } }
• Job 7:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Job.7.11", "source": "גַּם־אֲנִי֮ לֹ֤א אֶחֱשָׂ֫ךְ פִּ֥י אֲ‍ֽ֭דַבְּרָה בְּצַ֣ר רוּחִ֑י אָ֝שִׂ֗יחָה בְּמַ֣ר נַפְשִֽׁי", "text": "Also-I not *'eḥĕśāḵ* my *pî* *'ăḏabbĕrâ* in *tsar* my *rûḥî* *'āśîḥâ* in *mar* my *nafshî*", "grammar": { "*gam*": "adverb - also/even", "*'ănî*": "pronoun, 1st person singular - I", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*'eḥĕśāḵ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will restrain", "*pî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my mouth", "*'ăḏabbĕrâ*": "verb, piel imperfect cohortative, 1st person singular - let me speak", "*bĕ*": "preposition - in", "*tsar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - distress of", "*rûḥî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my spirit", "*'āśîḥâ*": "verb, qal imperfect cohortative, 1st person singular - let me complain", "*bĕ*": "preposition - in", "*mar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - bitterness of", "*nafshî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my soul" }, "variants": { "*'eḥĕśāḵ*": "I will restrain/I will hold back/I will refrain", "*pî*": "my mouth/my speech", "*'ăḏabbĕrâ*": "let me speak/I will speak", "*tsar*": "distress/anguish/trouble", "*rûḥî*": "my spirit/my breath", "*'āśîḥâ*": "let me complain/let me meditate/let me talk", "*mar*": "bitterness/grief", "*nafshî*": "my soul/my self/my life" } }
• Job 9:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Job.9.18", "source": "לֹֽא־יִ֭תְּנֵנִי הָשֵׁ֣ב רוּחִ֑י כִּ֥י יַ֝שְׂבִּעַ֗נִי מַמְּרֹרִֽים׃", "text": "*lōʾ-yittənēnî* *hāšēb* *rûḥî* *kî* *yaśbîʿanî* *mamrōrîm*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ-yittənēnî*": "negative particle + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - he will not allow me", "*hāšēb*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to return/recover", "*rûḥî*": "feminine singular noun + 1st person singular suffix - my breath", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*yaśbîʿanî*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - he fills me", "*mamrōrîm*": "masculine plural noun - with bitterness" }, "variants": { "*yittənēnî*": "to give, allow, permit", "*hāšēb*": "to return, bring back, restore", "*rûḥî*": "breath, spirit, wind", "*yaśbîʿanî*": "to satisfy, fill, satiate", "*mamrōrîm*": "bitter things, bitterness" } }