3{
"verseID": "Proverbs.26.3",
"source": "שׁ֣וֹט לַ֭סּוּס מֶ֣תֶג לַחֲמ֑וֹר וְ֝שֵׁ֗בֶט לְגֵ֣ו כְּסִילִֽים׃",
"text": "*Shot* for *sus*, *meteg* for *ḥamor*, and *shevet* for *gev* *kesilim*.",
"grammar": {
"*shot*": "noun, masculine, singular - whip",
"*sus*": "noun, masculine, singular with preposition (לַ) - horse",
"*meteg*": "noun, masculine, singular - bridle/bit",
"*ḥamor*": "noun, masculine, singular with preposition (לַ) - donkey",
"*shevet*": "noun, masculine, singular - rod/staff",
"*gev*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with preposition (לְ) - back of",
"*kesilim*": "noun, masculine, plural - fools"
},
"variants": {
"*shot*": "whip/scourge",
"*sus*": "horse",
"*meteg*": "bridle/bit/halter",
"*ḥamor*": "donkey/ass",
"*shevet*": "rod/staff/club/scepter",
"*gev*": "back/body",
"*kesilim*": "fools/stupid persons (plural of *kesil*)"
}
}
4{
"verseID": "Proverbs.26.4",
"source": "אַל־תַּ֣עַן כְּ֭סִיל כְּאִוַּלְתּ֑וֹ פֶּֽן־תִּשְׁוֶה־לּ֥וֹ גַם־אָֽתָּה׃",
"text": "Not-*ta'an* *kesil* according-to-*ivvalto*, *pen*-*tishveh*-to-him also-you.",
"grammar": {
"*al*": "negative particle for prohibition - do not",
"*ta'an*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - answer",
"*kesil*": "noun, masculine, singular - fool",
"*ke*": "preposition - according to",
"*ivvalto*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his folly",
"*pen*": "conjunction - lest",
"*tishveh*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will be equal",
"*lo*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to him",
"*gam*": "adverb - also",
"*attah*": "pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular - you"
},
"variants": {
"*ta'an*": "answer/respond to",
"*kesil*": "fool/stupid person",
"*ivvalto*": "his folly/his stupidity",
"*pen*": "lest/otherwise",
"*tishveh*": "you will be equal/you will be like/you will become comparable"
}
}
5{
"verseID": "Proverbs.26.5",
"source": "עֲנֵ֣ה כְ֭סִיל כְּאִוַּלְתּ֑וֹ פֶּן־יִהְיֶ֖ה חָכָ֣ם בְּעֵינָֽיו׃",
"text": "*Aneh* *kesil* according-to-*ivvalto*, *pen*-*yihyeh* *ḥakham* in-*einav*.",
"grammar": {
"*aneh*": "verb, Qal imperative, masculine singular - answer",
"*kesil*": "noun, masculine, singular - fool",
"*ke*": "preposition - according to",
"*ivvalto*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his folly",
"*pen*": "conjunction - lest",
"*yihyeh*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will be",
"*ḥakham*": "adjective, masculine, singular - wise",
"*be*": "preposition - in",
"*einav*": "noun, feminine, dual construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his eyes"
},
"variants": {
"*aneh*": "answer/respond to",
"*kesil*": "fool/stupid person",
"*ivvalto*": "his folly/his stupidity",
"*pen*": "lest/otherwise",
"*yihyeh*": "he will be/he will become",
"*ḥakham*": "wise/skillful/clever",
"*einav*": "his eyes/his sight/his opinion"
}
}
6{
"verseID": "Proverbs.26.6",
"source": "מְקַצֶּ֣ה רַ֭גְלַיִם חָמָ֣ס שֹׁתֶ֑ה שֹׁלֵ֖חַ דְּבָרִ֣ים בְּיַד־כְּסִֽיל׃",
"text": "*Meqatzeh* *raglayim* *ḥamas* *shoteh* *sholeaḥ* *devarim* by-hand-of-*kesil*.",
"grammar": {
"*meqatzeh*": "verb, Piel participle, masculine singular - cutting off",
"*raglayim*": "noun, feminine, dual - feet",
"*ḥamas*": "noun, masculine, singular - violence",
"*shoteh*": "verb, Qal active participle, masculine singular - drinking",
"*sholeaḥ*": "verb, Qal active participle, masculine singular - sending",
"*devarim*": "noun, masculine, plural - words/matters",
"*be*": "preposition - by/in",
"*yad*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - hand of",
"*kesil*": "noun, masculine, singular - fool"
},
"variants": {
"*meqatzeh*": "cutting off/severing",
"*raglayim*": "feet/legs",
"*ḥamas*": "violence/wrong/injury",
"*shoteh*": "drinking/imbibing",
"*sholeaḥ*": "sending/dispatching",
"*devarim*": "words/matters/things/messages",
"*yad*": "hand/power/agency",
"*kesil*": "fool/stupid person"
}
}
7{
"verseID": "Proverbs.26.7",
"source": "דַּלְי֣וּ שֹׁ֭קַיִם מִפִּסֵּ֑חַ וּ֝מָשָׁ֗ל בְּפִ֣י כְסִילִֽים׃",
"text": "*Dalyu* *shoqayim* from-*pisseaḥ*, and-*mashal* in-mouth-of *kesilim*.",
"grammar": {
"*dalyu*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they hang down",
"*shoqayim*": "noun, feminine, dual - legs",
"*min*": "preposition - from",
"*pisseaḥ*": "adjective, masculine, singular - lame person",
"*umashal*": "conjunction with noun, masculine, singular - and a proverb",
"*be*": "preposition - in",
"*pi*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - mouth of",
"*kesilim*": "noun, masculine, plural - fools"
},
"variants": {
"*dalyu*": "hang down/dangle/are feeble",
"*shoqayim*": "legs/thighs",
"*pisseaḥ*": "lame person/cripple",
"*mashal*": "proverb/parable/saying",
"*pi*": "mouth/speech",
"*kesilim*": "fools/stupid persons"
}
}
8{
"verseID": "Proverbs.26.8",
"source": "כִּצְר֣וֹר אֶ֭בֶן בְּמַרְגֵּמָ֑ה כֵּן־נוֹתֵ֖ן לִכְסִ֣יל כָּבֽוֹד׃",
"text": "Like-*tzeror* *even* in-*margemah*, so-*noten* to-*kesil* *kavod*.",
"grammar": {
"*ki*": "preposition - like",
"*tzeror*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - bag/bundle of",
"*even*": "noun, feminine, singular - stone",
"*be*": "preposition - in",
"*margemah*": "noun, feminine, singular - sling/heap of stones",
"*ken*": "adverb - so/thus",
"*noten*": "verb, Qal active participle, masculine singular - giving",
"*li*": "preposition - to",
"*kesil*": "noun, masculine, singular - fool",
"*kavod*": "noun, masculine, singular - honor"
},
"variants": {
"*tzeror*": "bag/bundle/pouch/binding",
"*even*": "stone/rock",
"*margemah*": "sling/stone heap/pile of stones",
"*noten*": "giving/bestowing",
"*kesil*": "fool/stupid person",
"*kavod*": "honor/glory/respect"
}
}