Proverbs 15:19

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Proverbs.15.19", "source": "דֶּ֣רֶךְ עָ֭צֵל כִּמְשֻׂ֣כַת חָ֑דֶק וְאֹ֖רַח יְשָׁרִ֣ים סְלֻלָֽה׃", "text": "*Derek ʿāṣēl kimsûḵat ḥādeq wəʾōraḥ yəšārîm səlulāh*", "grammar": { "*Derek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - way of", "*ʿāṣēl*": "adjective, masculine singular - lazy one/sluggard", "*kimsûḵat*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - like hedge of", "*ḥādeq*": "noun, masculine singular - thorns/briars", "*wəʾōraḥ*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - but path of", "*yəšārîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - upright ones", "*səlulāh*": "qal passive participle, feminine singular - is paved/made smooth" }, "variants": { "*Derek ʿāṣēl*": "way of sluggard/path of lazy one", "*kimsûḵat ḥādeq*": "like hedge of thorns/as barrier of briars", "*wəʾōraḥ yəšārîm*": "but path of upright/yet way of righteous", "*səlulāh*": "is paved/made smooth/level highway" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

דֶּ֣רֶךְ עָ֭צֵל כִּמְשֻׂ֣כַת חָ֑דֶק וְאֹ֖רַח יְשָׁרִ֣ים סְלֻלָֽה׃

Transliteration

Derek ʿāṣēl kimsûḵat ḥādeq wəʾōraḥ yəšārîm səlulāh

Grammar Details

• *Derek*: noun, masculine singular construct - way of
• *ʿāṣēl*: adjective, masculine singular - lazy one/sluggard
• *kimsûḵat*: preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - like hedge of
• *ḥādeq*: noun, masculine singular - thorns/briars
• *wəʾōraḥ*: conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - but path of
• *yəšārîm*: adjective, masculine plural - upright ones
• *səlulāh*: qal passive participle, feminine singular - is paved/made smooth

Word Meanings

• *Derek ʿāṣēl*: way of sluggard/path of lazy one
• *kimsûḵat ḥādeq*: like hedge of thorns/as barrier of briars
• *wəʾōraḥ yəšārîm*: but path of upright/yet way of righteous
• *səlulāh*: is paved/made smooth/level highway

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  The path of the lazy is like a hedge of thorns, but the way of the upright is smooth.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  The way of the slothful man is as an hedge of thorns: but the way of the righteous is made plain.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  The way of the lazy man is like a hedge of thorns, but the way of the righteous is made plain.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  The way of the slothful man is as an hedge of thorns: but the way of the righteous is made plain.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  The way of the sluggard is as a hedge of thorns; But the path of the upright is made a highway.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  The way of the slothful man is as an hedge of thorns: but the way of the righteous is made plain.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  The waye of ye slouthfull is full of thornes, but ye strete of the rightuous is well clensed.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  The way of a slouthfull man is as an hedge of thornes: but the way of the righteous is plaine.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  The way of a slouthfull man is as an hedge of thornes: but the way of the ryghteous is playne.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ The way of the slothful [man is] as an hedge of thorns: but the way of the righteous [is] made plain.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  The way of the sluggard is like a thorn patch, But the path of the upright is a highway.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  The way of the slothful `is' as a hedge of briers, And the path of the upright is raised up.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  The way of the sluggard is as a hedge of thorns; But the path of the upright is made a highway.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  The way of the sluggard is as a hedge of thorns; But the path of the upright is made a highway.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Thorns are round the way of the hater of work; but the road of the hard worker becomes a highway.

• World English Bible (2000)

  The way of the sluggard is like a thorn patch, but the path of the upright is a highway.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  The way of the sluggard is like a hedge of thorns, but the path of the upright is like a highway.

Referenced Verses

• Prov 22:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Proverbs.22.5", "source": "צִנִּ֣ים פַּ֭חִים בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ עִקֵּ֑שׁ שׁוֹמֵ֥ר נַ֝פְשׁ֗וֹ יִרְחַ֥ק מֵהֶֽם׃", "text": "*ṣinnîm* *paḥîm* in *dereK* *'iqqēš*; *šômēr* *napšô* *yirḥaq* from-them.", "grammar": { "*ṣinnîm*": "noun, masculine plural - thorns/barbs", "*paḥîm*": "noun, masculine plural - snares/traps", "*dereK*": "noun, masculine singular construct - way/path", "*'iqqēš*": "adjective, masculine singular - crooked/perverse", "*šômēr*": "verb, Qal participle, masculine singular construct - keeper/guardian of", "*napšô*": "noun with pronominal suffix, feminine singular - his soul/life", "*yirḥaq*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he keeps far/will keep far", "from-them": "preposition with pronominal suffix, *mēhem* - from them" }, "variants": { "*ṣinnîm*": "thorns/barbs/prickles", "*paḥîm*": "snares/traps/nets", "*dereK*": "way/path/road/journey", "*'iqqēš*": "crooked/perverse/twisted", "*šômēr*": "one who keeps/guards/preserves", "*napšô*": "his soul/his life/himself", "*yirḥaq*": "keeps far/stays distant/removes himself" } }
• Prov 22:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Proverbs.22.13", "source": "אָמַ֣ר עָ֭צֵל אֲרִ֣י בַח֑וּץ בְּת֥וֹךְ רְ֝חֹב֗וֹת אֵֽרָצֵֽחַ׃", "text": "*'āmar* *'āṣēl* *'ărî* in-the-*ḥûṣ*; in-midst-of *rĕḥōbôT* *'ērāṣēaḥ*.", "grammar": { "*'āmar*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he says/said", "*'āṣēl*": "adjective used as noun, masculine singular - lazy person", "*'ărî*": "noun, masculine singular - lion", "in-the-*ḥûṣ*": "preposition with definite article and noun, masculine singular - in the outside/street", "in-midst-of": "preposition with noun construct, *bĕTôK* - in the midst of", "*rĕḥōbôT*": "noun, feminine plural - open places/squares", "*'ērāṣēaḥ*": "verb, Niphal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will be slain" }, "variants": { "*'āmar*": "says/said/declares", "*'āṣēl*": "lazy one/sluggard/slothful person", "*'ărî*": "lion/predator", "*ḥûṣ*": "outside/street/field", "*rĕḥōbôT*": "open places/squares/plazas/broad streets", "*'ērāṣēaḥ*": "I will be slain/I will be murdered" } }
• Prov 26:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Proverbs.26.13", "source": "אָמַ֣ר עָ֭צֵל שַׁ֣חַל בַּדָּ֑רֶךְ אֲ֝רִ֗י בֵּ֣ין הָרְחֹבֽוֹת׃", "text": "*Amar* *atzel* *shaḥal* in-*darekh*, *ari* between *reḥovot*.", "grammar": { "*amar*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he says", "*atzel*": "adjective, masculine, singular - lazy person", "*shaḥal*": "noun, masculine, singular - lion", "*ba*": "preposition with definite article - in the", "*darekh*": "noun, common, singular - way/road", "*ari*": "noun, masculine, singular - lion", "*bein*": "preposition - between", "*reḥovot*": "noun, feminine, plural with definite article - streets/public squares" }, "variants": { "*amar*": "says/said", "*atzel*": "lazy person/sluggard", "*shaḥal*": "lion/fierce lion", "*darekh*": "way/road/path", "*ari*": "lion", "*reḥovot*": "streets/broad places/public squares" } }
• Isa 30:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Isaiah.30.21", "source": "וְאָזְנֶיךָ תִּשְׁמַעְנָה דָבָר מֵאַחֲרֶיךָ לֵאמֹר זֶה הַדֶּרֶךְ לְכוּ בוֹ כִּי תַאֲמִינוּ וְכִי תַשְׂמְאִילוּ׃", "text": "And your *ʾoznêḵā* shall *tišmaʿnâ* a *dābār* from behind you *lēʾmōr*: \"This [is] the *derek*, *lekû* in it, when you *taʾămînû* and when you *taśmeʾîlû*.\"", "grammar": { "*ʾoznêḵā*": "feminine dual noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your ears", "*tišmaʿnâ*": "qal imperfect 3rd person feminine plural - they will hear", "*dābār*": "masculine singular noun - word/thing", "*lēʾmōr*": "qal infinitive construct - saying", "*derek*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the way", "*lekû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - walk/go", "*taʾămînû*": "hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you turn to the right", "*taśmeʾîlû*": "hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you turn to the left" }, "variants": { "*ʾoznêḵā*": "your ears", "*tišmaʿnâ*": "they will hear/listen to/perceive", "*dābār*": "word/thing/matter/command", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say", "*derek*": "the way/road/path", "*lekû*": "walk/go/proceed", "*taʾămînû*": "you turn to the right/go right", "*taśmeʾîlû*": "you turn to the left/go left" } }
• Isa 35:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Isaiah.35.8", "source": "וְהָיָה־שָׁ֞ם מַסְל֣וּל וָדֶ֗רֶךְ וְדֶ֤רֶךְ הַקֹּ֙דֶשׁ֙ יִקָּ֣רֵא לָ֔הּ לֹֽא־יַעַבְרֶ֥נּוּ טָמֵ֖א וְהוּא־לָ֑מוֹ הֹלֵ֥ךְ דֶּ֛רֶךְ וֶאֱוִילִ֖ים לֹ֥א יִתְעֽוּ׃", "text": "*wə*-*hāyāh*-*šām* *maslûl* *wā*-*derek* *wə*-*derek* *ha-qōdeš* *yiqqārēʾ* *lāh* *lōʾ*-*yaʿabrennû* *ṭāmēʾ* *wə*-*hûʾ*-*lāmô* *hōlēk* *derek* *we*-*ʾĕwîlîm* *lōʾ* *yitʿû*", "grammar": { "*wə*-*hāyāh*-*šām*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd masculine singular, Qal + adverb - and there will be there", "*maslûl*": "masculine singular noun - highway", "*wā*-*derek*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and way/road", "*wə*-*derek*": "conjunction + masculine singular construct - and way of", "*ha-qōdeš*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the holiness", "*yiqqārēʾ*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, Niphal - it will be called", "*lāh*": "preposition with 3rd feminine singular suffix - to it", "*lōʾ*-*yaʿabrennû*": "negative particle + imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, Qal with 3rd masculine singular suffix - shall not pass over it", "*ṭāmēʾ*": "masculine singular adjective - unclean", "*wə*-*hûʾ*-*lāmô*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular pronoun + preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and it is for them", "*hōlēk*": "Qal active participle, masculine singular - one walking", "*derek*": "masculine singular noun - way/road", "*we*-*ʾĕwîlîm*": "conjunction + masculine plural noun - and fools", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yitʿû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, Qal - will go astray" }, "variants": { "*maslûl*": "highway/raised way", "*derek*": "way/road/path/journey", "*qōdeš*": "holiness/sacredness/consecration", "*ṭāmēʾ*": "unclean/impure/defiled", "*ʾĕwîlîm*": "fools/foolish ones" } }
• Isa 57:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Isaiah.57.14", "source": "וְאָמַ֥ר סֹֽלּוּ־סֹ֖לּוּ פַּנּוּ־דָ֑רֶךְ הָרִ֥ימוּ מִכְשׁ֖וֹל מִדֶּ֥רֶךְ עַמִּֽי׃ ס", "text": "*wə-ʾāmar* *sōllû-sōllû* *pannû-dārek* *hārîmû* *mikšôl* *midderek* *ʿammî*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾāmar*": "conjunctive waw + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he says/said", "*sōllû-sōllû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural (repeated) - build up, build up", "*pannû-dārek*": "piel imperative, masculine plural + noun, feminine, singular - clear the way", "*hārîmû*": "hiphil imperative, masculine plural - lift up/remove", "*mikšôl*": "noun, masculine, singular - stumbling block/obstacle", "*midderek*": "preposition + noun, feminine, singular construct - from the way of", "*ʿammî*": "noun, masculine, singular + 1st person singular suffix - my people" }, "variants": { "*sōllû-sōllû*": "build up/cast up/prepare (repeated for emphasis)", "*pannû-dārek*": "clear the way/remove obstacles/prepare the path", "*hārîmû*": "remove/take away/lift up", "*mikšôl*": "stumbling block/obstacle/hindrance", "*derek*": "way/road/path/journey" } }
• Num 14:1-3 : 1 { "verseID": "Numbers.14.1", "source": "וַתִּשָּׂא֙ כָּל־הָ֣עֵדָ֔ה וַֽיִּתְּנ֖וּ אֶת־קוֹלָ֑ם וַיִּבְכּ֥וּ הָעָ֖ם בַּלַּ֥יְלָה הַהֽוּא׃", "text": "And *wattissāʾ* all the *ʿēdâ* and *wayyittĕnû* *ʾēt*-their *qôlām* and *wayyiḇkû* the *ʿām* in the *laylâ* the that.", "grammar": { "*wattissāʾ*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd feminine singular - lifted up", "*ʿēdâ*": "feminine singular noun - congregation/assembly", "*wayyittĕnû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd plural - and they gave", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*qôlām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd plural suffix - their voice", "*wayyiḇkû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd plural - and they wept", "*ʿām*": "masculine singular noun - people", "*laylâ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the night" }, "variants": { "*wattissāʾ*": "lifted up/raised/elevated", "*ʿēdâ*": "congregation/assembly/community", "*wayyittĕnû*": "gave/uttered/lifted up", "*qôlām*": "voice/sound/cry", "*wayyiḇkû*": "wept/cried/mourned", "*ʿām*": "people/nation" } } 2 { "verseID": "Numbers.14.2", "source": "וַיִּלֹּ֙נוּ֙ עַל־מֹשֶׁ֣ה וְעַֽל־אַהֲרֹ֔ן כֹּ֖ל בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַֽיֹּאמְר֨וּ אֲלֵהֶ֜ם כָּל־הָעֵדָ֗ה לוּ־מַ֙תְנוּ֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔יִם א֛וֹ בַּמִּדְבָּ֥ר הַזֶּ֖ה לוּ־מָֽתְנוּ׃", "text": "And *wayyillōnû* against *mōšeh* and against *ʾahărōn* all *bĕnê* *yiśrāʾēl* and *wayyōʾmĕrû* to them all the *hāʿēdâ* if only *matnû* in *ʾereṣ* *miṣrayim* or in the *miḏbār* the this if only *mātnû*.", "grammar": { "*wayyillōnû*": "niphal imperfect consecutive, 3rd plural - and they murmured/grumbled", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʾahărōn*": "proper noun - Aaron", "*bĕnê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wayyōʾmĕrû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd plural - and they said", "*hāʿēdâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the congregation", "*matnû*": "qal perfect, 1st plural - we had died", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular construct - land of", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*miḏbār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the wilderness", "*mātnû*": "qal perfect, 1st plural - we had died" }, "variants": { "*wayyillōnû*": "murmured/grumbled/complained", "*bĕnê*": "sons/children/descendants", "*hāʿēdâ*": "congregation/assembly/community", "*matnû*": "died/perished", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/country/territory", "*miḏbār*": "wilderness/desert/uncultivated land" } } 3 { "verseID": "Numbers.14.3", "source": "וְלָמָ֣ה יְ֠הוָה מֵבִ֨יא אֹתָ֜נוּ אֶל־הָאָ֤רֶץ הַזֹּאת֙ לִנְפֹּ֣ל בַּחֶ֔רֶב נָשֵׁ֥ינוּ וְטַפֵּ֖נוּ יִהְי֣וּ לָבַ֑ז הֲל֧וֹא ט֦וֹב לָ֖נוּ שׁ֥וּב מִצְרָֽיְמָה׃", "text": "And why *YHWH* *mēḇîʾ* us to the *hāʾāreṣ* the this to *lipōl* by the *ḥereḇ* our *nāšênû* and our *ṭappēnû* will be for *lāḇaz* is not *ṭôḇ* for us *šûḇ* to *miṣrāymâ*.", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*mēḇîʾ*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - bringing", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the land", "*lipōl*": "qal infinitive construct with preposition - to fall", "*ḥereḇ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the sword", "*nāšênû*": "feminine plural noun with 1st plural suffix - our wives", "*ṭappēnû*": "masculine singular noun with 1st plural suffix - our little ones", "*lāḇaz*": "masculine singular noun with preposition - for plunder/prey", "*ṭôḇ*": "adjective, masculine singular - good", "*šûḇ*": "qal infinitive construct - to return", "*miṣrāymâ*": "proper noun with directional he - to Egypt" }, "variants": { "*mēḇîʾ*": "bringing/leading/causing to come", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "land/country/territory", "*lipōl*": "to fall/die/be killed", "*ḥereḇ*": "sword/warfare/violence", "*nāšênû*": "our wives/women", "*ṭappēnû*": "our little ones/children/infants", "*lāḇaz*": "plunder/prey/spoil", "*ṭôḇ*": "good/pleasant/beneficial", "*šûḇ*": "return/go back/turn back" } }
• Num 14:7-9 : 7 { "verseID": "Numbers.14.7", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ אֶל־כָּל־עֲדַ֥ת בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר הָאָ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָבַ֤רְנוּ בָהּ֙ לָת֣וּר אֹתָ֔הּ טוֹבָ֥ה הָאָ֖רֶץ מְאֹ֥ד מְאֹֽד׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmĕrû* to all *ʿăḏaṯ* *bĕnê*-*yiśrāʾēl* *lēʾmōr* the *hāʾāreṣ* which *ʿāḇarnû* in it to *lāṯûr* *ʾōṯāh* *ṭôḇâ* the *hāʾāreṣ* *mĕʾōḏ* *mĕʾōḏ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmĕrû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd plural - and they said", "*ʿăḏaṯ*": "feminine singular construct - congregation of", "*bĕnê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*lēʾmōr*": "qal infinitive construct - saying", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the land", "*ʿāḇarnû*": "qal perfect, 1st plural - we passed through", "*lāṯûr*": "qal infinitive construct - to spy out", "*ʾōṯāh*": "direct object marker with 3rd feminine singular suffix - it (f.)", "*ṭôḇâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - good", "*mĕʾōḏ*": "adverb - very/exceedingly" }, "variants": { "*ʿăḏaṯ*": "congregation/assembly/community", "*bĕnê*": "sons/children/descendants", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "the land/country/territory", "*ʿāḇarnû*": "we passed through/traversed/went through", "*lāṯûr*": "to spy out/explore/search", "*ṭôḇâ*": "good/pleasant/fertile", "*mĕʾōḏ*": "very/exceedingly/greatly" } } 8 { "verseID": "Numbers.14.8", "source": "אִם־חָפֵ֥ץ בָּ֙נוּ֙ יְהוָ֔ה וְהֵבִ֤יא אֹתָ֙נוּ֙ אֶל־הָאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֔את וּנְתָנָ֖הּ לָ֑נוּ אֶ֕רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־הִ֛וא זָבַ֥ת חָלָ֖ב וּדְבָֽשׁ׃", "text": "If *ḥāp̄ēṣ* in us *YHWH* and he will *wĕhēḇîʾ* us to the *hāʾāreṣ* the this and he will *ûnĕṯānāh* to us *ʾereṣ* which it *zāḇaṯ* *ḥālāḇ* and *ûḏĕḇāš*.", "grammar": { "*ḥāp̄ēṣ*": "qal participle, masculine singular - delighting", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*wĕhēḇîʾ*": "hiphil perfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he will bring", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the land", "*ûnĕṯānāh*": "qal perfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he will give it", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular noun - land", "*zāḇaṯ*": "qal participle, feminine singular construct - flowing with", "*ḥālāḇ*": "masculine singular noun - milk", "*ûḏĕḇāš*": "masculine singular noun - and honey" }, "variants": { "*ḥāp̄ēṣ*": "delighting/pleased with/desiring", "*wĕhēḇîʾ*": "will bring/lead/bring in", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "the land/country/territory", "*ûnĕṯānāh*": "will give it/bestow it/present it", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/country/territory", "*zāḇaṯ*": "flowing with/oozing/abundant in", "*ḥālāḇ*": "milk/abundance", "*ûḏĕḇāš*": "honey/sweetness" } } 9 { "verseID": "Numbers.14.9", "source": "אַ֣ךְ בַּֽיהוָה֮ אַל־תִּמְרֹדוּ֒ וְאַתֶּ֗ם אַל־תִּֽירְאוּ֙ אֶת־עַ֣ם הָאָ֔רֶץ כִּ֥י לַחְמֵ֖נוּ הֵ֑ם סָ֣ר צִלָּ֧ם מֵעֲלֵיהֶ֛ם וַֽיהוָ֥ה אִתָּ֖נוּ אַל־תִּירָאֻֽם׃", "text": "Only against *YHWH* do not *timrōḏû* and you do not *tîrĕʾû* *ʾēt*-*ʿam* the *hāʾāreṣ* for our *laḥmēnû* they are *sār* their *ṣillām* from upon them and *YHWH* with us do not *tîrāʾum*.", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*timrōḏû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd plural jussive - rebel", "*tîrĕʾû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd plural jussive - fear", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʿam*": "masculine singular construct - people of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the land", "*laḥmēnû*": "masculine singular noun with 1st plural suffix - our bread/food", "*sār*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - has departed", "*ṣillām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd plural suffix - their shadow/protection", "*tîrāʾum*": "qal imperfect, 2nd plural jussive with 3rd plural suffix - fear them" }, "variants": { "*timrōḏû*": "rebel/revolt/be disobedient", "*tîrĕʾû*": "fear/be afraid/be frightened", "*ʿam*": "people/nation/inhabitants", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "the land/country/territory", "*laḥmēnû*": "our bread/food/sustenance", "*sār*": "departed/removed/turned away", "*ṣillām*": "their shadow/protection/defense" } }
• Ps 5:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Psalms.5.8", "source": "וַאֲנִ֗י בְּרֹ֣ב חַ֭סְדְּךָ אָב֣וֹא בֵיתֶ֑ךָ אֶשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֥ה אֶל־הֽ͏ֵיכַל־קָ֝דְשְׁךָ֗ בְּיִרְאָתֶֽךָ׃", "text": "And-*ʾănî* in-*rōb* *ḥasdəkā* *ʾābôʾ* *bêtekā* *ʾeštaḥăweh* to-*hêkal*-*qodšəkā* in-*yirʾātekā*", "grammar": { "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*rōb*": "masculine singular construct - abundance of", "*ḥasdəkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your lovingkindness", "*ʾābôʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will come/enter", "*bêtekā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your house", "*ʾeštaḥăweh*": "Hishtaphel imperfect, 1st person singular - I will bow down/worship", "*hêkal*": "masculine singular construct - temple of", "*qodšəkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your holiness", "*yirʾātekā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your fear" }, "variants": { "*rōb*": "abundance/greatness/multitude", "*ḥasdəkā*": "your lovingkindness/mercy/steadfast love", "*ʾābôʾ*": "I will come/enter/go into", "*ʾeštaḥăweh*": "I will bow down/worship/prostrate myself", "*hêkal*": "temple/palace", "*qodšəkā*": "your holiness/holy place", "*yirʾātekā*": "your fear/reverence/awe" } }
• Ps 25:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Psalms.25.8", "source": "טוֹב־וְיָשָׁ֥ר יְהוָ֑ה עַל־כֵּ֤ן יוֹרֶ֖ה חַטָּאִ֣ים בַּדָּֽרֶךְ", "text": "*ṭôḇ-wĕyāšār YHWH ʿal-kēn yôreh ḥaṭṭāʾîm baddāreḵ*", "grammar": { "*ṭôḇ-wĕyāšār*": "adjective, masculine singular + conjunction + adjective, masculine singular - 'good and upright'", "*ʿal-kēn*": "preposition + adverb - 'therefore'", "*yôreh*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he instructs/teaches'", "*ḥaṭṭāʾîm*": "noun, masculine plural - 'sinners'", "*baddāreḵ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - 'in the way'" }, "variants": { "*ṭôḇ*": "good/pleasant/beneficial", "*yāšār*": "upright/straight/just", "*yôreh*": "instructs/teaches/guides", "*ḥaṭṭāʾîm*": "sinners/offenders/those who miss the mark", "*dāreḵ*": "way/road/path/manner" } } 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.25.9", "source": "יַדְרֵ֣ךְ עֲ֭נָוִים בַּמִּשְׁפָּ֑ט וִֽילַמֵּ֖ד עֲנָוִ֣ים דַּרְכּֽוֹ", "text": "*yaḏrēḵ ʿănāwîm bammišpāṭ wîlammēḏ ʿănāwîm darkô*", "grammar": { "*yaḏrēḵ*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he guides/leads'", "*ʿănāwîm*": "noun, masculine plural - 'humble ones/afflicted ones'", "*bammišpāṭ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - 'in justice/judgment'", "*wîlammēḏ*": "conjunction + verb, Piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'and he teaches'", "*darkô*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his way'" }, "variants": { "*yaḏrēḵ*": "guides/leads/makes walk", "*ʿănāwîm*": "humble ones/afflicted ones/poor ones", "*mišpāṭ*": "justice/judgment/right manner", "*lammēḏ*": "teaches/trains/instructs", "*darkô*": "his way/his path/his manner" } }
• Ps 25:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Psalms.25.12", "source": "מִי־זֶ֣ה הָ֭אִישׁ יְרֵ֣א יְהוָ֑ה י֝וֹרֶ֗נּוּ בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ יִבְחָֽר", "text": "*mî-zeh hāʾîš yĕrēʾ YHWH yôrennû bĕḏereḵ yiḇḥār*", "grammar": { "*mî-zeh*": "interrogative pronoun + demonstrative - 'who is this'", "*hāʾîš*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - 'the man'", "*yĕrēʾ*": "adjective/participle, masculine singular construct - 'fearing'", "*yôrennû*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'he will instruct him'", "*bĕḏereḵ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - 'in way'", "*yiḇḥār*": "verb, Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - 'he will choose'" }, "variants": { "*yĕrēʾ*": "fearing/revering/standing in awe of", "*yôrennû*": "he will instruct him/he will teach him/he will guide him", "*ḏereḵ*": "way/path/road/manner", "*yiḇḥār*": "he will choose/he selects/he prefers" } }
• Ps 27:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Psalms.27.11", "source": "ה֤וֹרֵ֥נִי יְהוָ֗ה דַּ֫רְכֶּ֥ךָ וּ֭נְחֵנִי בְּאֹ֣רַח מִישׁ֑וֹר לְ֝מַ֗עַן שׁוֹרְרָֽי׃", "text": "*hôrēnî* *YHWH* *darkekā* *û-nəḥēnî* *bə-ʾōraḥ* *mîšôr* *ləmaʿan* *šôrərāy*", "grammar": { "*hôrēnî*": "hiphil imperative masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - teach me", "*YHWH*": "divine name - tetragrammaton", "*darkekā*": "noun masculine singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your way", "*û-nəḥēnî*": "conjunction + qal imperative masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - and lead me", "*bə-ʾōraḥ*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - in path of", "*mîšôr*": "noun masculine singular - levelness/straightness", "*ləmaʿan*": "preposition - because of/on account of", "*šôrərāy*": "qal participle masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix - those watching me/my foes" }, "variants": { "*hôrēnî*": "teach me/instruct me/direct me", "*darkekā*": "your way/path/journey/manner", "*nəḥēnî*": "lead me/guide me/direct me", "*ʾōraḥ*": "path/way/road/manner", "*mîšôr*": "levelness/plain/straightness/uprightness/equity", "*ləmaʿan*": "because of/on account of/for the sake of", "*šôrərāy*": "my watchers/enemies/foes/those lying in wait for me" } }
• Prov 8:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Proverbs.8.9", "source": "כֻּלָּ֣ם נְ֭כֹחִים לַמֵּבִ֑ין וִֽ֝ישָׁרִ֗ים לְמֹ֣צְאֵי דָֽעַת׃", "text": "All-of-them *nᵊkōḥîm* to-the-*mēbîn*, and-*yᵊšārîm* to-*mōṣᵊʾê dāʿat*", "grammar": { "*nᵊkōḥîm*": "adjective masculine plural - straight/right/plain", "*mēbîn*": "hiphil participle masculine singular - one who understands/discerns", "*yᵊšārîm*": "adjective masculine plural - upright/straight", "*mōṣᵊʾê*": "qal participle masculine plural construct - those who find", "*dāʿat*": "feminine singular noun - knowledge" }, "variants": { "*nᵊkōḥîm*": "straight/right/plain/clear", "*mēbîn*": "one who understands/discerns/perceives", "*yᵊšārîm*": "upright/straight/just", "*mōṣᵊʾê*": "those who find/obtain/gain", "*dāʿat*": "knowledge/insight/perception" } }
• Prov 3:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Proverbs.3.6", "source": "בְּכָל־דְּרָכֶ֥יךָ דָעֵ֑הוּ וְ֝ה֗וּא יְיַשֵּׁ֥ר אֹֽרְחֹתֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "In-all-*dərākekā* *dāʿēhû* and-*hûʾ* *yəyaššēr* *ʾōrəḥōtekā*", "grammar": { "*dərākekā*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your ways", "*dāʿēhû*": "verb, qal imperative masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - know him", "*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - he", "*yəyaššēr*": "verb, piel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will make straight", "*ʾōrəḥōtekā*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your paths" }, "variants": { "*dərākekā*": "ways/roads/journeys", "*dāʿēhû*": "know/acknowledge/recognize", "*yəyaššēr*": "make straight/smooth/direct", "*ʾōrəḥōtekā*": "paths/routes/ways" } }