15 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.14.15",
"source": "פֶּ֭תִי יַאֲמִ֣ין לְכָל־דָּבָ֑ר וְ֝עָר֗וּם יָבִ֥ין לַאֲשֻׁרֽוֹ׃",
"text": "*petî* *yaʾămîn* to *kāl-dābār* *wə-ʿārûm* *yābîn* to *ʾăšûrô*",
"grammar": {
"*petî*": "masculine singular noun - simple one",
"*yaʾămîn*": "3rd person masculine singular Hiphil imperfect - he believes",
"*kāl-dābār*": "masculine singular adjective + masculine singular noun - every word",
"*wə-ʿārûm*": "conjunction + masculine singular adjective - and prudent one",
"*yābîn*": "3rd person masculine singular Qal imperfect - he understands",
"*ʾăšûrô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his step"
},
"variants": {
"*petî*": "simple one/naive one/gullible person",
"*yaʾămîn*": "believes/trusts/has faith in",
"*dābār*": "word/thing/matter",
"*ʿārûm*": "prudent one/shrewd one/sensible one",
"*yābîn*": "understands/perceives/discerns",
"*ʾăšûrô*": "his step/his going/his course"
}
}
16 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.14.16",
"source": "חָכָ֣ם יָ֭רֵא וְסָ֣ר מֵרָ֑ע וּ֝כְסִ֗יל מִתְעַבֵּ֥ר וּבוֹטֵֽחַ׃",
"text": "*ḥāḵām* *yārēʾ* and *sār* from *rāʿ* and *ḵəsîl* *mitʿabbēr* and *bôṭēaḥ*",
"grammar": {
"*ḥāḵām*": "masculine singular adjective - wise one",
"*yārēʾ*": "masculine singular Qal participle - fearing",
"*sār*": "masculine singular Qal participle - turning aside",
"*rāʿ*": "masculine singular noun - evil",
"*ḵəsîl*": "masculine singular noun - fool",
"*mitʿabbēr*": "masculine singular Hithpael participle - raging",
"*bôṭēaḥ*": "masculine singular Qal participle - trusting"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥāḵām*": "wise one/sage/skilled person",
"*yārēʾ*": "fears/is afraid/respects",
"*sār*": "turns aside/departs/avoids",
"*rāʿ*": "evil/bad/wrong",
"*ḵəsîl*": "fool/stupid person/dullard",
"*mitʿabbēr*": "rages/is arrogant/crosses over",
"*bôṭēaḥ*": "trusts/is confident/relies"
}
}
17 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.14.17",
"source": "קְֽצַר־אַ֭פַּיִם יַעֲשֶׂ֣ה אִוֶּ֑לֶת וְאִ֥ישׁ מְ֝זִמּ֗וֹת יִשָּׂנֵֽא׃",
"text": "*qəṣar-ʾappayim* *yaʿăśeh* *ʾiwwelet* *wə-ʾîš* *məzimmôt* *yiśśānēʾ*",
"grammar": {
"*qəṣar-ʾappayim*": "adjective construct + masculine dual noun - short of anger",
"*yaʿăśeh*": "3rd person masculine singular Qal imperfect - he does",
"*ʾiwwelet*": "feminine singular noun - folly",
"*wə-ʾîš*": "conjunction + masculine singular construct - and man of",
"*məzimmôt*": "feminine plural noun - schemes",
"*yiśśānēʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular Niphal imperfect - he is hated"
},
"variants": {
"*qəṣar-ʾappayim*": "short-tempered/quick to anger/impatient",
"*yaʿăśeh*": "does/makes/performs",
"*ʾiwwelet*": "folly/foolishness/stupidity",
"*məzimmôt*": "schemes/devices/plans",
"*yiśśānēʾ*": "is hated/is despised/is detested"
}
}
18 {
"verseID": "Proverbs.14.18",
"source": "נָחֲל֣וּ פְתָאיִ֣ם אִוֶּ֑לֶת וַֽ֝עֲרוּמִ֗ים יַכְתִּ֥רוּ דָֽעַת׃",
"text": "*nāḥălû* *pətāʾyim* *ʾiwwelet* *waʿărûmîm* *yaḵtîrû* *dāʿat*",
"grammar": {
"*nāḥălû*": "3rd person plural Qal perfect - they inherit",
"*pətāʾyim*": "masculine plural noun - simple ones",
"*ʾiwwelet*": "feminine singular noun - folly",
"*waʿărûmîm*": "conjunction + masculine plural adjective - and prudent ones",
"*yaḵtîrû*": "3rd person masculine plural Hiphil imperfect - they crown",
"*dāʿat*": "feminine singular noun - knowledge"
},
"variants": {
"*nāḥălû*": "inherit/possess/take possession of",
"*pətāʾyim*": "simple ones/naive ones/gullible people",
"*ʾiwwelet*": "folly/foolishness/stupidity",
"*ʿărûmîm*": "prudent ones/shrewd ones/sensible ones",
"*yaḵtîrû*": "crown/surround/encircle",
"*dāʿat*": "knowledge/understanding/perception"
}
}