14{
"verseID": "Proverbs.4.14",
"source": "בְּאֹ֣רַח רְ֭שָׁעִים אַל־תָּבֹ֑א וְאַל־תְּ֝אַשֵּׁ֗ר בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ רָעִֽים׃",
"text": "*bəʾōraḥ* *rəšāʿîm* *ʾal-tābōʾ* *wəʾal-təʾaššēr* *bəderek* *rāʿîm*",
"grammar": {
"*bəʾōraḥ*": "preposition + masculine singular construct noun - in path of",
"*rəšāʿîm*": "masculine plural noun - wicked ones",
"*ʾal-tābōʾ*": "negative particle + imperfect (jussive), 2nd person masculine singular, qal - do not enter",
"*wəʾal-təʾaššēr*": "conjunction + negative particle + imperfect (jussive), 2nd person masculine singular, piel - and do not walk/proceed",
"*bəderek*": "preposition + masculine singular construct noun - in way of",
"*rāʿîm*": "masculine plural adjective - evil ones"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾōraḥ*": "path/way/trail",
"*rəšāʿîm*": "wicked ones/criminals/evildoers",
"*tābōʾ*": "enter/come/go",
"*təʾaššēr*": "walk/proceed/go straight/advance",
"*rāʿîm*": "evil ones/bad ones/those doing harm"
}
}
15{
"verseID": "Proverbs.4.15",
"source": "פְּרָעֵ֥הוּ אַל־תַּעֲבָר־בּ֑וֹ שְׂטֵ֖ה מֵעָלָ֣יו וַעֲבֽוֹר׃",
"text": "*pərāʿēhû* *ʾal-taʿăbār-bô* *śəṭê* *mēʿālāyw* *waʿăbôr*",
"grammar": {
"*pərāʿēhû*": "imperative, masculine singular, qal + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - avoid it",
"*ʾal-taʿăbār-bô*": "negative particle + imperfect (jussive), 2nd person masculine singular, qal + preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - do not pass on it",
"*śəṭê*": "imperative, masculine singular, qal - turn aside",
"*mēʿālāyw*": "preposition + preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - from upon it",
"*waʿăbôr*": "conjunction + imperative, masculine singular, qal - and pass by"
},
"variants": {
"*pərāʿēhû*": "avoid it/ignore it/let it go",
"*taʿăbār*": "pass/cross/go through",
"*śəṭê*": "turn aside/deviate/decline",
"*waʿăbôr*": "pass by/cross over/travel on"
}
}
16{
"verseID": "Proverbs.4.16",
"source": "כִּ֤י לֹ֣א יִֽ֭שְׁנוּ אִם־לֹ֣א יָרֵ֑עוּ וְֽנִגְזְלָ֥ה שְׁ֝נָתָ֗ם אִם־לֹ֥א *יכשולו **יַכְשִֽׁילוּ׃",
"text": "*kî* *lōʾ* *yîšənû* *ʾim-lōʾ* *yārēʿû* *wənigzəlâ* *šənātām* *ʾim-lōʾ* *yakšîlû*",
"grammar": {
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*yîšənû*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural, qal - they sleep",
"*ʾim-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - if not/unless",
"*yārēʿû*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural, hiphil - they do evil",
"*wənigzəlâ*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd person feminine singular, niphal - and is robbed/taken away",
"*šənātām*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their sleep",
"*ʾim-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - if not/unless",
"*yakšîlû*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural, hiphil - they cause to stumble"
},
"variants": {
"*yîšənû*": "sleep/slumber",
"*yārēʿû*": "do evil/harm/wrong",
"*nigzəlâ*": "is robbed/taken away/snatched",
"*yakšîlû*": "cause to stumble/make fall/bring down"
}
}
17{
"verseID": "Proverbs.4.17",
"source": "כִּ֣י לָ֭חֲמוּ לֶ֣חֶם רֶ֑שַׁע וְיֵ֖ין חֲמָסִ֣ים יִשְׁתּֽוּ׃",
"text": "*kî* *lāḥămû* *leḥem* *rešaʿ* *wəyêyn* *ḥămāsîm* *yištû*",
"grammar": {
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*lāḥămû*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine plural, qal - they eat",
"*leḥem*": "masculine singular construct noun - bread of",
"*rešaʿ*": "masculine singular noun - wickedness",
"*wəyêyn*": "conjunction + masculine singular construct noun - and wine of",
"*ḥămāsîm*": "masculine plural noun - violence/wrongs",
"*yištû*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural, qal - they drink"
},
"variants": {
"*lāḥămû*": "eat/consume/feed on",
"*leḥem*": "bread/food/grain",
"*rešaʿ*": "wickedness/evil/wrongdoing",
"*ḥămāsîm*": "violence/wrongs/injustice/cruelty",
"*yištû*": "drink/imbibe"
}
}
18{
"verseID": "Proverbs.4.18",
"source": "וְאֹ֣רַח צַ֭דִּיקִים כְּא֣וֹר נֹ֑גַהּ הוֹלֵ֥ךְ וָ֝א֗וֹר עַד־נְכ֥וֹן הַיּֽוֹם׃",
"text": "*wəʾōraḥ* *ṣaddîqîm* *kəʾôr* *nōgah* *hôlēk* *wāʾôr* *ʿad-nəkôn* *hayyôm*",
"grammar": {
"*wəʾōraḥ*": "conjunction + masculine singular construct noun - but path of",
"*ṣaddîqîm*": "masculine plural noun - righteous ones",
"*kəʾôr*": "preposition + masculine singular construct noun - like light of",
"*nōgah*": "masculine singular noun - brightness/dawn",
"*hôlēk*": "participle, masculine singular, qal - going/walking",
"*wāʾôr*": "conjunction + masculine singular, absolute noun - and shining",
"*ʿad-nəkôn*": "preposition + niphal infinitive construct - until establishment of",
"*hayyôm*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the day"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾōraḥ*": "path/way/trail",
"*ṣaddîqîm*": "righteous ones/just ones/those in right relationship",
"*nōgah*": "brightness/dawn/radiance/light",
"*hôlēk*": "going/walking/proceeding",
"*wāʾôr*": "and shining/and becoming bright",
"*nəkôn*": "establishment/being established/firmness"
}
}