29{
"verseID": "Proverbs.23.29",
"source": "לְמִ֨י א֥וֹי לְמִ֪י אֲב֡וֹי לְמִ֤י *מדונים **מִדְיָנִ֨ים ׀ לְמִ֥י שִׂ֗יחַ לְ֭מִי פְּצָעִ֣ים חִנָּ֑ם לְ֝מִ֗י חַכְלִל֥וּת עֵינָֽיִם׃",
"text": "To whom *ʾôy* to whom *ʾăḇôy* to whom *miḏyānîm* to whom *śîaḥ* to whom *pǝṣāʿîm ḥinnām* to whom *ḥaḵlilûṯ ʿênāyim*?",
"grammar": {
"*ʾôy*": "interjection - woe/sorrow",
"*ʾăḇôy*": "interjection - grief/misery",
"*miḏyānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - contentions/strife",
"*śîaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - complaint/babbling",
"*pǝṣāʿîm*": "noun, masculine plural - wounds",
"*ḥinnām*": "adverb - without cause/for nothing",
"*ḥaḵlilûṯ*": "noun, feminine singular - redness/dullness",
"*ʿênāyim*": "noun, feminine dual - eyes"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾôy*": "woe/sorrow/distress",
"*ʾăḇôy*": "grief/misery/anguish",
"*miḏyānîm*": "contentions/strife/quarrels",
"*śîaḥ*": "complaint/babbling/muttering",
"*pǝṣāʿîm ḥinnām*": "wounds without cause/injuries for nothing",
"*ḥaḵlilûṯ ʿênāyim*": "redness of eyes/dullness of vision/bloodshot eyes"
}
}
30{
"verseID": "Proverbs.23.30",
"source": "לַֽמְאַחֲרִ֥ים עַל־הַיָּ֑יִן לַ֝בָּאִ֗ים לַחְקֹ֥ר מִמְסָֽךְ׃",
"text": "To those who *mǝʾaḥărîm* over *hayyāyin*, to those who *bāʾîm* to *laḥqōr mimǝsāḵ*.",
"grammar": {
"*mǝʾaḥărîm*": "piel participle, masculine plural - linger/tarry",
"*hayyāyin*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the wine",
"*bāʾîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - come/go",
"*laḥqōr*": "qal infinitive construct + preposition - to search out/investigate",
"*mimǝsāḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - mixed wine/spiced wine"
},
"variants": {
"*mǝʾaḥărîm*": "linger/tarry/stay long",
"*bāʾîm laḥqōr*": "come to search out/go to investigate/seek",
"*mimǝsāḵ*": "mixed wine/spiced wine/blended drink"
}
}
31{
"verseID": "Proverbs.23.31",
"source": "אַל־תֵּ֥רֶא יַּיִן֮ כִּ֢י יִתְאַ֫דָּ֥ם כִּֽי־יִתֵּ֣ן *בכיס **בַּכּ֣וֹס עֵינ֑וֹ יִ֝תְהַלֵּ֗ךְ בְּמֵישָׁרִֽים׃",
"text": "Do not *tēreʾ yayin* when *yiṯʾaddām*, when it *yittēn bakkôs* its *ʿênô*, *yiṯhallēḵ bǝmêšārîm*.",
"grammar": {
"*tēreʾ*": "qal imperfect jussive, 2nd person masculine singular - look at/gaze upon",
"*yayin*": "noun, masculine singular - wine",
"*yiṯʾaddām*": "hithpael imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - shows itself red",
"*yittēn*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - gives",
"*bakkôs*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the cup",
"*ʿênô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its eye/color",
"*yiṯhallēḵ*": "hithpael imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - goes about/moves",
"*bǝmêšārîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - in straightness/smoothly"
},
"variants": {
"*tēreʾ yayin*": "look at wine/gaze upon wine",
"*yiṯʾaddām*": "shows itself red/is red/sparkles",
"*yittēn bakkôs ʿênô*": "gives its color in the cup/shows its gleam in the goblet",
"*yiṯhallēḵ bǝmêšārîm*": "goes down smoothly/moves straight/flows evenly"
}
}
32{
"verseID": "Proverbs.23.32",
"source": "אַ֭חֲרִיתוֹ כְּנָחָ֣שׁ יִשָּׁ֑ךְ וּֽכְצִפְעֹנִ֥י יַפְרִֽשׁ׃",
"text": "Its *ʾaḥărîṯô* like *nāḥāš yiššāḵ*, and like *ṣip̄ʿōnî yap̄riš*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾaḥărîṯô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its end/outcome",
"*nāḥāš*": "noun, masculine singular - serpent/snake",
"*yiššāḵ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - bites",
"*ṣip̄ʿōnî*": "noun, masculine singular - viper/adder",
"*yap̄riš*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - injects/spreads"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾaḥărîṯô*": "its end/its outcome/its aftermath",
"*nāḥāš yiššāḵ*": "serpent bites/snake strikes",
"*ṣip̄ʿōnî yap̄riš*": "viper injects/adder spreads venom/poisonous snake stings"
}
}