8 {
"verseID": "Joel.1.8",
"source": "אֱלִ֕י כִּבְתוּלָ֥ה חֲגֻֽרַת־שַׂ֖ק עַל־בַּ֥עַל נְעוּרֶֽיהָ׃",
"text": "*ʾĔlî* *kiḇṯûlāh* *ḥăguraṯ*-*śaq* *ʿal*-*baʿal* *nəʿûrêhā*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾĔlî*": "Qal imperative, feminine singular - lament, wail",
"*kiḇṯûlāh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - like a virgin",
"*ḥăguraṯ*": "Qal passive participle, feminine singular construct - girded with",
"*śaq*": "noun, masculine singular - sackcloth",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - for, because of",
"*baʿal*": "noun, masculine singular construct - husband of",
"*nəʿûrêhā*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her youth"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾĔlî*": "lament/wail/mourn",
"*kiḇṯûlāh*": "like a virgin/maiden",
"*ḥăguraṯ*": "girded with/clothed with/wearing",
"*śaq*": "sackcloth/garment of mourning",
"*baʿal*": "husband/lord/master",
"*nəʿûrêhā*": "her youth/her early life/her young age"
}
}
9 {
"verseID": "Joel.1.9",
"source": "הָכְרַ֥ת מִנְחָ֛ה וָנֶ֖סֶךְ מִבֵּ֣ית יְהוָ֑ה אָֽבְלוּ֙ הַכֹּ֣הֲנִ֔ים מְשָׁרְתֵ֖י יְהוָֽה׃",
"text": "*Hāḵraṯ* *minḥāh* *wā*-*neseḵ* *mibbêṯ* *YHWH* *ʾāḇlû* *hakkōhănîm* *məšārəṯê* *YHWH*",
"grammar": {
"*Hāḵraṯ*": "Hophal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is cut off",
"*minḥāh*": "noun, feminine singular - grain offering, meal offering",
"*wā*": "conjunction - and",
"*neseḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - drink offering",
"*mibbêṯ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from house of",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name",
"*ʾāḇlû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they mourn",
"*hakkōhănîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the priests",
"*məšārəṯê*": "Piel participle, masculine plural construct - ministers of",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name"
},
"variants": {
"*Hāḵraṯ*": "is cut off/removed/withheld",
"*minḥāh*": "grain offering/meal offering/tribute",
"*neseḵ*": "drink offering/libation",
"*ʾāḇlû*": "they mourn/grieve/lament",
"*məšārəṯê*": "ministers of/servants of/attendants of"
}
}
10 {
"verseID": "Joel.1.10",
"source": "שֻׁדַּ֣ד שָׂדֶ֔ה אָבְלָ֖ה אֲדָמָ֑ה כִּ֚י שֻׁדַּ֣ד דָּגָ֔ן הוֹבִ֥ישׁ תִּיר֖וֹשׁ אֻמְלַ֥ל יִצְהָֽר׃",
"text": "*Šuddaḏ* *śāḏeh* *ʾāḇlāh* *ʾăḏāmāh* *kî* *šuddaḏ* *dāgān* *hôḇîš* *tîrôš* *ʾumlal* *yiṣhār*",
"grammar": {
"*Šuddaḏ*": "Pual perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is devastated",
"*śāḏeh*": "noun, masculine singular - field",
"*ʾāḇlāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - mourns",
"*ʾăḏāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - ground, land",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for, because",
"*šuddaḏ*": "Pual perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is devastated",
"*dāgān*": "noun, masculine singular - grain, corn",
"*hôḇîš*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is dried up",
"*tîrôš*": "noun, masculine singular - new wine, must",
"*ʾumlal*": "Pulal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is withered",
"*yiṣhār*": "noun, masculine singular - fresh oil, olive oil"
},
"variants": {
"*Šuddaḏ*": "is devastated/ravaged/destroyed",
"*śāḏeh*": "field/country/land",
"*ʾāḇlāh*": "mourns/laments/grieves",
"*ʾăḏāmāh*": "ground/land/soil",
"*šuddaḏ*": "is devastated/ruined/destroyed",
"*dāgān*": "grain/corn/wheat",
"*hôḇîš*": "is dried up/withered/failed",
"*tîrôš*": "new wine/must/fresh grape juice",
"*ʾumlal*": "is withered/languishes/droops",
"*yiṣhār*": "fresh oil/olive oil"
}
}
11 {
"verseID": "Joel.1.11",
"source": "הֹבִ֣ישׁוּ אִכָּרִ֗ים הֵילִ֙ילוּ֙ כֹּֽרְמִ֔ים עַל־חִטָּ֖ה וְעַל־שְׂעֹרָ֑ה כִּ֥י אָבַ֖ד קְצִ֥יר שָׂדֶֽה׃",
"text": "*Hôḇîšû* *ʾikkārîm* *hêlîlû* *kōrəmîm* *ʿal*-*ḥiṭṭāh* *wə*-*ʿal*-*śəʿōrāh* *kî* *ʾāḇaḏ* *qəṣîr* *śāḏeh*",
"grammar": {
"*Hôḇîšû*": "Hiphil imperative, masculine plural - be ashamed",
"*ʾikkārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - farmers, plowmen",
"*hêlîlû*": "Hiphil imperative, masculine plural - wail, howl",
"*kōrəmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - vinedressers",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - for, concerning",
"*ḥiṭṭāh*": "noun, feminine singular - wheat",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - for, concerning",
"*śəʿōrāh*": "noun, feminine singular - barley",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for, because",
"*ʾāḇaḏ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - has perished",
"*qəṣîr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - harvest of",
"*śāḏeh*": "noun, masculine singular - field"
},
"variants": {
"*Hôḇîšû*": "be ashamed/be disappointed/be confounded",
"*ʾikkārîm*": "farmers/plowmen/tillers",
"*hêlîlû*": "wail/howl/lament",
"*kōrəmîm*": "vinedressers/vine keepers",
"*ḥiṭṭāh*": "wheat/grain",
"*śəʿōrāh*": "barley",
"*ʾāḇaḏ*": "has perished/is destroyed/is lost",
"*qəṣîr*": "harvest/crop"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "Joel.1.12",
"source": "הַגֶּ֣פֶן הוֹבִ֔ישָׁה וְהַתְּאֵנָ֖ה אֻמְלָ֑לָה רִמּ֞וֹן גַּם־תָּמָ֣ר וְתַפּ֗וּחַ כָּל־עֲצֵ֤י הַשָּׂדֶה֙ יָבֵ֔שׁוּ כִּֽי־הֹבִ֥ישׁ שָׂשׂ֖וֹן מִן־בְּנֵ֥י אָדָֽם׃",
"text": "*Haggep̄en* *hôḇîšāh* *wə*-*hattəʾēnāh* *ʾumlālāh* *rimmôn* *gam*-*tāmār* *wə*-*ṯappûaḥ* *kāl*-*ʿăṣê* *haśśāḏeh* *yāḇēšû* *kî*-*hôḇîš* *śāśôn* *min*-*bənê* *ʾāḏām*",
"grammar": {
"*Haggep̄en*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the vine",
"*hôḇîšāh*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - is dried up",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*hattəʾēnāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the fig tree",
"*ʾumlālāh*": "Pulal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - is withered",
"*rimmôn*": "noun, masculine singular - pomegranate",
"*gam*": "adverb - also",
"*tāmār*": "noun, masculine singular - date palm",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*ṯappûaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - apple tree",
"*kāl*": "construct state - all of",
"*ʿăṣê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - trees of",
"*haśśāḏeh*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the field",
"*yāḇēšû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person plural - are dried up",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for, because",
"*hôḇîš*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is dried up",
"*śāśôn*": "noun, masculine singular - joy, gladness",
"*min*": "preposition - from",
"*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*ʾāḏām*": "noun, masculine singular - mankind, humanity"
},
"variants": {
"*hôḇîšāh*": "is dried up/withered/failed",
"*ʾumlālāh*": "is withered/languishes/droops",
"*rimmôn*": "pomegranate tree/pomegranate",
"*tāmār*": "date palm/palm tree",
"*ṯappûaḥ*": "apple tree/apricot tree",
"*ʿăṣê*": "trees of/woods of",
"*yāḇēšû*": "are dried up/withered/parched",
"*śāśôn*": "joy/gladness/rejoicing",
"*bənê ʾāḏām*": "sons of mankind/human beings/people"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "Joel.1.13",
"source": "חִגְר֨וּ וְסִפְד֜וּ הַכֹּהֲנִ֗ים הֵילִ֙ילוּ֙ מְשָׁרְתֵ֣י מִזְבֵּ֔חַ בֹּ֚אוּ לִ֣ינוּ בַשַּׂקִּ֔ים מְשָׁרְתֵ֖י אֱלֹהָ֑י כִּ֥י נִמְנַ֛ע מִבֵּ֥ית אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם מִנְחָ֥ה וָנָֽסֶךְ׃",
"text": "*Ḥigrû* *wə*-*sip̄ḏû* *hakkōhănîm* *hêlîlû* *məšārəṯê* *mizbêaḥ* *bōʾû* *lînû* *baśśaqqîm* *məšārəṯê* *ʾĕlōhāy* *kî* *nimnaʿ* *mibbêṯ* *ʾĕlōhêḵem* *minḥāh* *wā*-*nāseḵ*",
"grammar": {
"*Ḥigrû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - gird yourselves",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*sip̄ḏû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - mourn, lament",
"*hakkōhănîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the priests",
"*hêlîlû*": "Hiphil imperative, masculine plural - wail, howl",
"*məšārəṯê*": "Piel participle, masculine plural construct - ministers of",
"*mizbêaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - altar",
"*bōʾû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - come",
"*lînû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - spend the night",
"*baśśaqqîm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - in the sackcloth",
"*məšārəṯê*": "Piel participle, masculine plural construct - ministers of",
"*ʾĕlōhāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 1st person common singular suffix - my God",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for, because",
"*nimnaʿ*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is withheld",
"*mibbêṯ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - from house of",
"*ʾĕlōhêḵem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God",
"*minḥāh*": "noun, feminine singular - grain offering",
"*wā*": "conjunction - and",
"*nāseḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - drink offering"
},
"variants": {
"*Ḥigrû*": "gird yourselves/clothe yourselves/put on",
"*sip̄ḏû*": "mourn/lament/wail",
"*hêlîlû*": "wail/howl/lament",
"*məšārəṯê*": "ministers of/servants of/attendants of",
"*mizbêaḥ*": "altar/place of sacrifice",
"*bōʾû*": "come/enter/go",
"*lînû*": "spend the night/lodge/remain overnight",
"*baśśaqqîm*": "in sackcloth/in mourning garments",
"*nimnaʿ*": "is withheld/is kept back/is withdrawn",
"*minḥāh*": "grain offering/meal offering/tribute",
"*nāseḵ*": "drink offering/libation"
}
}