2{
"verseID": "Isaiah.28.2",
"source": "הִנֵּה חָזָק וְאַמִּץ לַאדֹנָי כְּזֶרֶם בָּרָד שַׂעַר קָטֶב כְּזֶרֶם מַיִם כַּבִּירִים שֹׁטְפִים הִנִּיחַ לָאָרֶץ בְּיָד",
"text": "*Hinnēh* *ḥāzāq* *wə-ʾammîṣ* to-*ʾăḏōnāy* like-*zerem* *bārāḏ* *śaʿar* *qāṭeḇ* like-*zerem* *mayim* *kabbîrîm* *šōṭəp̄îm* *hinnîaḥ* to-*ʾāreṣ* with-*yāḏ*",
"grammar": {
"*Hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/look",
"*ḥāzāq*": "masculine singular adjective - strong",
"*wə-ʾammîṣ*": "conjunction + masculine singular adjective - and mighty",
"*ʾăḏōnāy*": "noun with 1st plural suffix - Lord/my Lord",
"*zerem*": "masculine singular construct - flood/downpour of",
"*bārāḏ*": "masculine singular noun - hail",
"*śaʿar*": "masculine singular construct - storm of",
"*qāṭeḇ*": "masculine singular noun - destruction",
"*zerem*": "masculine singular construct - flood of",
"*mayim*": "masculine plural noun - waters",
"*kabbîrîm*": "masculine plural adjective - mighty",
"*šōṭəp̄îm*": "masculine plural participle - overflowing",
"*hinnîaḥ*": "hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - cast down/laid down",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun - earth/land",
"*yāḏ*": "feminine singular noun - hand"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥāzāq*": "strong/mighty/powerful",
"*ʾammîṣ*": "mighty/strong/brave",
"*qāṭeḇ*": "destruction/pestilence/plague",
"*hinnîaḥ*": "cast down/laid down/set down/cause to rest"
}
}
3{
"verseID": "Isaiah.28.3",
"source": "בְּרַגְלַיִם תֵּרָמַסְנָה עֲטֶרֶת גֵּאוּת שִׁכּוֹרֵי אֶפְרָיִם",
"text": "With-*raḡlayim* *tērāmasnāh* *ʿăṭeret* *gēʾût* *šikkôrēy* *ʾep̄rāyim*",
"grammar": {
"*raḡlayim*": "feminine dual noun - feet",
"*tērāmasnāh*": "niphal imperfect 3rd feminine plural - will be trampled",
"*ʿăṭeret*": "construct state, feminine singular noun - crown of",
"*gēʾût*": "feminine singular noun - pride/arrogance",
"*šikkôrēy*": "construct state, masculine plural participle - drunkards of",
"*ʾep̄rāyim*": "proper noun - Ephraim"
},
"variants": {
"*tērāmasnāh*": "will be trampled/will be trodden down",
"*gēʾût*": "pride/majesty/arrogance/excellence"
}
}
4{
"verseID": "Isaiah.28.4",
"source": "וְהָיְתָה צִיצַת נֹבֵל צְבִי תִפְאַרְתּוֹ אֲשֶׁר עַל־רֹאשׁ גֵּיא שְׁמָנִים כְּבִכּוּרָהּ בְּטֶרֶם קַיִץ אֲשֶׁר יִרְאֶה הָרֹאֶה אוֹתָהּ בְּעוֹדָהּ בְּכַפּוֹ יִבְלָעֶנָּה",
"text": "*Wə-hāyəṯāh* *ṣîṣaṯ* *nōḇēl* *ṣəḇî* *tip̄ʾartô* *ʾăšer* on-*rōʾš* *gēyʾ* *šəmānîm* like-*bikkûrāh* before *qayiṣ* *ʾăšer* *yirʾeh* *hārōʾeh* *ʾôṯāh* while-*bəʿôḏāh* in-*kappô* *yiḇlāʿennāh*",
"grammar": {
"*Wə-hāyəṯāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - and will be",
"*ṣîṣaṯ*": "feminine singular construct - flower of",
"*nōḇēl*": "masculine singular participle - fading/withering",
"*ṣəḇî*": "masculine singular construct - beauty/glory of",
"*tip̄ʾartô*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his splendor",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that",
"*rōʾš*": "masculine singular noun - head",
"*gēyʾ*": "masculine singular construct - valley of",
"*šəmānîm*": "masculine plural noun - fatness/fertility",
"*bikkûrāh*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - its early fig",
"*qayiṣ*": "masculine singular noun - summer/harvest",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that",
"*yirʾeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - sees",
"*hārōʾeh*": "definite article + qal participle masculine singular - the seer/one who sees",
"*ʾôṯāh*": "direct object marker + 3rd feminine singular suffix - it",
"*bəʿôḏāh*": "preposition + adverb + 3rd feminine singular suffix - while still it",
"*kappô*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his palm/hand",
"*yiḇlāʿennāh*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - he swallows it"
},
"variants": {
"*nōḇēl*": "fading/withering/drooping",
"*ṣəḇî*": "beauty/glory/ornament/gazelle",
"*šəmānîm*": "fatness/fertility/richness",
"*bikkûrāh*": "early fig/first-ripe fruit",
"*yiḇlāʿennāh*": "swallows it/devours it/consumes it"
}
}
5{
"verseID": "Isaiah.28.5",
"source": "בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא יִהְיֶה יְהוָה צְבָאוֹת לַעֲטֶרֶת צְבִי וְלִצְפִירַת תִּפְאָרָה לִשְׁאָר עַמּוֹ",
"text": "In-*yôm* *hahûʾ* *yihyeh* *YHWH* *ṣəḇāʾôṯ* for-*ʿăṭereṯ* *ṣəḇî* and-for-*ṣəp̄îraṯ* *tip̄ʾārāh* for-*šəʾār* *ʿammô*",
"grammar": {
"*yôm*": "masculine singular noun - day",
"*hahûʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - that",
"*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will be",
"*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD",
"*ṣəḇāʾôṯ*": "masculine plural noun - hosts/armies",
"*ʿăṭereṯ*": "construct state, feminine singular noun - crown of",
"*ṣəḇî*": "masculine singular noun - beauty/glory",
"*ṣəp̄îraṯ*": "feminine singular construct - diadem of",
"*tip̄ʾārāh*": "feminine singular noun - beauty/glory",
"*šəʾār*": "masculine singular construct - remnant of",
"*ʿammô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his people"
},
"variants": {
"*ṣəḇî*": "beauty/glory/ornament/splendor",
"*ṣəp̄îraṯ*": "diadem/crown/garland",
"*tip̄ʾārāh*": "beauty/glory/splendor",
"*šəʾār*": "remnant/residue/rest"
}
}