Hosea 7:14

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Hosea.7.14", "source": "וְלֹֽא־זָעֲק֤וּ אֵלַי֙ בְּלִבָּ֔ם כִּ֥י יְיֵלִ֖ילוּ עַל־מִשְׁכְּבוֹתָ֑ם עַל־דָּגָ֧ן וְתִיר֛וֹשׁ יִתְגּוֹרָ֖רוּ יָס֥וּרוּ בִֽי׃", "text": "*wə*-*lōʾ*-*zāʿăqû* to me in *libbām* but *yəyēlîlû* on-*miškəḇôṯām* over-*dāḡān* *wə*-*tîrôš* *yiṯgôrārû* *yāsûrû* from me.", "grammar": { "*wə*-*lōʾ*-*zāʿăqû*": "conjunction + negative particle + qal perfect 3rd plural - and they did not cry out", "*ʾēlay*": "preposition + 1st singular suffix - to me", "*bəlibbām*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - in their heart", "*yəyēlîlû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they howl/wail", "*miškəḇôṯām*": "noun, feminine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix with prefix *ʿal* - on their beds", "*dāḡān*": "noun, masculine singular with prefix *ʿal* - over grain", "*wə*-*tîrôš*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and new wine", "*yiṯgôrārû*": "hithpolel imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they assemble themselves/gather", "*yāsûrû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they turn aside/depart", "*bî*": "preposition + 1st singular suffix - from me" }, "variants": { "*zāʿăqû*": "cried out/called out/summoned for help", "*libbām*": "their heart/mind/inner self", "*yəyēlîlû*": "howl/wail/lament", "*miškəḇôṯām*": "their beds/couches/resting places", "*dāḡān*": "grain/corn/wheat", "*tîrôš*": "new wine/fresh wine/must", "*yiṯgôrārû*": "assemble themselves/gather/cut themselves", "*yāsûrû*": "turn aside/depart/rebel" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְלֹֽא־זָעֲק֤וּ אֵלַי֙ בְּלִבָּ֔ם כִּ֥י יְיֵלִ֖ילוּ עַל־מִשְׁכְּבוֹתָ֑ם עַל־דָּגָ֧ן וְתִיר֛וֹשׁ יִתְגּוֹרָ֖רוּ יָס֥וּרוּ בִֽי׃

Transliteration

wə-lōʾ-zāʿăqû to me in libbām but yəyēlîlû on-miškəḇôṯām over-dāḡān wə-tîrôš yiṯgôrārû yāsûrû from me.

Grammar Details

• *wə*-*lōʾ*-*zāʿăqû*: conjunction + negative particle + qal perfect 3rd plural - and they did not cry out
• *ʾēlay*: preposition + 1st singular suffix - to me
• *bəlibbām*: preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - in their heart
• *yəyēlîlû*: hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they howl/wail
• *miškəḇôṯām*: noun, feminine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix with prefix *ʿal* - on their beds
• *dāḡān*: noun, masculine singular with prefix *ʿal* - over grain
• *wə*-*tîrôš*: conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and new wine
• *yiṯgôrārû*: hithpolel imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they assemble themselves/gather
• *yāsûrû*: qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they turn aside/depart
• *bî*: preposition + 1st singular suffix - from me

Word Meanings

• *zāʿăqû*: cried out/called out/summoned for help
• *libbām*: their heart/mind/inner self
• *yəyēlîlû*: howl/wail/lament
• *miškəḇôṯām*: their beds/couches/resting places
• *dāḡān*: grain/corn/wheat
• *tîrôš*: new wine/fresh wine/must
• *yiṯgôrārû*: assemble themselves/gather/cut themselves
• *yāsûrû*: turn aside/depart/rebel

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  They do not cry out to me from their hearts but wail on their beds. They gather together for grain and new wine but turn away from me.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And they have not cried unto me with their heart, when they wled upon their beds: they assemble themselves for corn and wine, and they rebel against me.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And they have not cried unto me with their heart, when they howled upon their beds: they gather themselves for grain and wine, and they rebel against me.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And they have not cried unto me with their heart, when they howled upon their beds: they assemble themselves for corn and wine, and they rebel against me.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And they have not cried{H2199} unto me with their heart,{H3820} but they howl{H3213} upon their beds:{H4904} they assemble{H1481} themselves for grain{H1715} and new wine;{H8492} they rebel{H5493} against me.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And they have not cried{H2199}{(H8804)} unto me with their heart{H3820}, when they howled{H3213}{(H8686)} upon their beds{H4904}: they assemble{H1481}{(H8709)} themselves for corn{H1715} and wine{H8492}, and they rebel{H5493}{(H8799)} against me.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  They call not vpon me with their hartes, but lye youlinge vpon their beddes. Where as they come together, it is but for meate & drincke, and me will they not obeye.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And they haue not cryed vnto me with their hearts, when they houled vpon their beds: they assembled themselues for corne, and wine, and they rebell against me.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  They call not vpon me with their heartes, but lye howlyng vpon their beddes: they wyll assemble them selues for corne and wine, but rebel against me.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And they have not cried unto me with their heart, when they howled upon their beds: they assemble themselves for corn and wine, [and] they rebel against me.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  They haven't cried to me with their heart, But they howl on their beds. They assemble themselves for grain and new wine. They turn away from me.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And have not cried unto Me with their heart, but howl on their beds, For corn and new wine they assemble themselves, They turn aside against Me.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And they have not cried unto me with their heart, but they howl upon their beds: they assemble themselves for grain and new wine; they rebel against me.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And they have not cried unto me with their heart, but they howl upon their beds: they assemble themselves for grain and new wine; they rebel against me.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And they have not made prayer to me in their hearts, but they make loud cries on their beds; they are cutting themselves for food and wine, they are turned against me.

• World English Bible (2000)

  They haven't cried to me with their heart, but they howl on their beds. They assemble themselves for grain and new wine. They turn away from me.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  They do not pray to me, but howl in distress on their beds; They slash themselves for grain and new wine, but turn away from me.

Referenced Verses

• Amos 2:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Amos.2.8", "source": "וְעַל־בְּגָדִ֤ים חֲבֻלִים֙ יַטּ֔וּ אֵ֖צֶל כָּל־מִזְבֵּ֑חַ וְיֵ֤ין עֲנוּשִׁים֙ יִשְׁתּ֔וּ בֵּ֖ית אֱלֹהֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wə-ʿal-bəgādîm ḥăbulîm yaṭṭû ʾēṣel kol-mizbēaḥ wə-yên ʿănûšîm yištû bêt ʾĕlōhêhem*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and upon", "*bəgādîm*": "masculine plural - garments/clothes", "*ḥăbulîm*": "qal passive participle masculine plural - taken in pledge", "*yaṭṭû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they stretch out/lay down", "*ʾēṣel*": "preposition - beside/near", "*kol-mizbēaḥ*": "masculine singular construct + masculine singular - every altar", "*wə-yên*": "conjunction + masculine singular construct - and wine of", "*ʿănûšîm*": "qal passive participle masculine plural - fined/penalized ones", "*yištû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they drink", "*bêt*": "masculine singular construct - house of", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their gods/God" }, "variants": { "*bəgādîm ḥăbulîm*": "garments taken in pledge/clothes held as security/pawned clothing", "*yaṭṭû*": "they stretch out/they lay down/they recline", "*ʾēṣel*": "beside/near/next to", "*mizbēaḥ*": "altar/place of sacrifice", "*yên ʿănûšîm*": "wine of those fined/wine obtained from penalties/wine bought with fines", "*bêt ʾĕlōhêhem*": "house of their gods/temple of their God" } }
• Jer 3:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.10", "source": "וְגַם־בְּכָל־זֹ֗את לֹא־שָׁ֨בָה אֵלַ֜י בָּגוֹדָ֧ה אֲחוֹתָ֛הּ יְהוּדָ֖ה בְּכָל־לִבָּ֑הּ כִּ֥י אִם־בְּשֶׁ֖קֶר נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃ פ", "text": "And-also-in-all-this not-*šāḇâ* to-me *bāgôdâ* *ʾăḥôtâh* *yᵉhûdâ* with-all-*libbâh*, but-rather-in-*šeqer* *nᵉʾum*-*YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*šāḇâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she returned'", "*bāgôdâ*": "Qal participle feminine singular - 'treacherous/faithless'", "*ʾăḥôtâh*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her sister'", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "proper name - 'Judah'", "*libbâh*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her heart'", "*šeqer*": "noun, masculine singular - 'falsehood/lie'", "*nᵉʾum*": "construct state - 'utterance/declaration'", "*YHWH*": "proper name - 'Yahweh/LORD'" }, "variants": { "*šāḇâ*": "she returned/came back/repented", "*bāgôdâ*": "treacherous/faithless/deceitful", "*ʾăḥôtâh*": "her sister", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "Judah", "*libbâh*": "her heart/mind/inner being", "*šeqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception", "*nᵉʾum*": "utterance/declaration/oracle" } }
• Judg 9:27 : 27 { "verseID": "Judges.9.27", "source": "וַיֵּצְא֨וּ הַשָּׂדֶ֜ה וַֽיִּבְצְר֤וּ אֶת־כַּרְמֵיהֶם֙ וַֽיִּדְרְכ֔וּ וַֽיַּעֲשׂ֖וּ הִלּוּלִ֑ים וַיָּבֹ֙אוּ֙ בֵּ֣ית אֱ‍ֽלֹֽהֵיהֶ֔ם וַיֹּֽאכְלוּ֙ וַיִּשְׁתּ֔וּ וַֽיְקַלְל֖וּ אֶת־אֲבִימֶֽלֶךְ׃", "text": "And-*yēṣĕʾû* the-*śādeh* and-*yibṣĕrû* *ʾet*-*karmêhem* and-*yidrĕkû* and-*yaʿăśû* *hillûlîm*, and-*yābōʾû* *bêt* *ʾĕlōhêhem* and-*yōʾkĕlû* and-*yištû* and-*yĕqallĕlû* *ʾet*-*ʾăbîmelek*.", "grammar": { "*yēṣĕʾû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - went out", "*śādeh*": "masculine noun with definite article - the field", "*yibṣĕrû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - gathered/harvested", "*karmêhem*": "masculine plural noun with pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine plural - their vineyards", "*yidrĕkû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - trod/trampled", "*yaʿăśû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - made/did", "*hillûlîm*": "masculine plural noun - praise-festivals/celebrations", "*yābōʾû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - entered", "*bêt*": "noun, construct state - house of", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "masculine plural noun with pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine plural - their god(s)", "*yōʾkĕlû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - ate", "*yištû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - drank", "*yĕqallĕlû*": "verb, Piel imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - cursed", "*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun - Abimelech" }, "variants": { "*yēṣĕʾû*": "went out/went forth", "*śādeh*": "field/countryside/open land", "*yibṣĕrû*": "gathered/harvested/picked", "*yidrĕkû*": "trod/trampled/pressed (grapes)", "*yaʿăśû*": "made/did/prepared/held", "*hillûlîm*": "praise-festivals/celebrations/feasts", "*yōʾkĕlû*": "ate/consumed/feasted", "*yištû*": "drank/consumed drink", "*yĕqallĕlû*": "cursed/reviled/despised" } }
• Job 35:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "Job.35.9", "source": "מֵ֭רֹב עֲשׁוּקִ֣ים יַזְעִ֑יקוּ יְשַׁוְּע֖וּ מִזְּר֣וֹעַ רַבִּֽים׃", "text": "*mē-rōḇ ʿăšûqîm yazʿîqû yəšawwəʿû miz-zərôaʿ rabbîm*", "grammar": { "*mē-rōḇ*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - from abundance/multitude", "*ʿăšûqîm*": "passive participle, masculine plural - oppressed ones", "*yazʿîqû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they cry out", "*yəšawwəʿû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they cry for help", "*miz-zərôaʿ*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - from the arm/power", "*rabbîm*": "masculine plural adjective - many/great ones" }, "variants": { "*rōḇ*": "abundance/multitude/greatness", "*ʿăšûqîm*": "oppressed/exploited/mistreated ones", "*yazʿîqû*": "to cry out/call for help/scream", "*yəšawwəʿû*": "to cry for help/plead/implore", "*zərôaʿ*": "arm/strength/power", "*rabbîm*": "many/great/mighty ones" } } 10 { "verseID": "Job.35.10", "source": "וְֽלֹא־אָמַ֗ר אַ֭יֵּה אֱל֣וֹהַּ עֹשָׂ֑י נֹתֵ֖ן זְמִר֣וֹת בַּלָּֽיְלָה׃", "text": "*wə-lōʾ-ʾāmar ʾayyēh ʾĕlôah ʿōśāy nōtēn zəmirôt ballāylāh*", "grammar": { "*wə-lōʾ-ʾāmar*": "conjunction + negative particle + perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he does not say", "*ʾayyēh*": "interrogative adverb - where?", "*ʾĕlôah*": "masculine singular noun - God", "*ʿōśāy*": "masculine singular participle + 1st singular suffix - my maker", "*nōtēn*": "masculine singular participle - giving/who gives", "*zəmirôt*": "feminine plural noun - songs/psalms", "*ballāylāh*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - in the night" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmar*": "to say/speak/declare", "*ʾayyēh*": "where?/where is?", "*ʾĕlôah*": "God/deity", "*ʿōśāy*": "my maker/creator", "*nōtēn*": "giving/providing/granting", "*zəmirôt*": "songs/psalms/hymns", "*lāylāh*": "night/darkness" } }
• Mic 2:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Micah.2.11", "source": "לוּ־אִישׁ הֹלֵךְ רוּחַ וָשֶׁקֶר כִּזֵּב אַטִּף לְךָ לַיַּיִן וְלַשֵּׁכָר וְהָיָה מַטִּיף הָעָם הַזֶּה", "text": "If-*ʾîš* *hōlēḵ* *rûaḥ* and-*šeqer* *kizzēḇ* *ʾaṭṭip̄* to-you for-the-*yayin* and-for-the-*šēḵār* and-*hāyāh* *maṭṭîp̄* the-*ʿām* the-*zeh*", "grammar": { "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*hōlēḵ*": "participle, qal masculine singular - walking/going", "*rûaḥ*": "noun, feminine singular - wind/spirit", "*šeqer*": "noun, masculine singular - falsehood/lie", "*kizzēḇ*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he lies/deceives", "*ʾaṭṭip̄*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 1st singular - I will prophesy/preach", "*yayin*": "noun, masculine singular - wine", "*šēḵār*": "noun, masculine singular - strong drink", "*hāyāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he was/became", "*maṭṭîp̄*": "participle, hiphil masculine singular - prophesying/preaching", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular - people", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*ʾîš*": "man/person/someone", "*hōlēḵ*": "walking/going/following", "*rûaḥ*": "wind/spirit/breath", "*šeqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception", "*kizzēḇ*": "he lies/deceives/speaks falsely", "*ʾaṭṭip̄*": "I will prophesy/preach/speak", "*yayin*": "wine/fermented drink", "*šēḵār*": "strong drink/intoxicating beverage", "*maṭṭîp̄*": "prophesying/preaching/spokesman", "*ʿām*": "people/nation/folk" } }
• Zech 7:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Zechariah.7.5", "source": "אֱמֹר֙ אֶל־כָּל־עַ֣ם הָאָ֔רֶץ וְאֶל־הַכֹּהֲנִ֖ים לֵאמֹ֑ר כִּֽי־צַמְתֶּ֨ם וְסָפ֜וֹד בַּחֲמִישִׁ֣י וּבַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י וְזֶה֙ שִׁבְעִ֣ים שָׁנָ֔ה הֲצ֥וֹם צַמְתֻּ֖נִי אָֽנִי׃", "text": "*ʾĕmōr* unto all *ʿam hāʾāreṣ* and unto the *kōhănîm* to *lēʾmōr*: When *kî-ṣamtem* and *sāp̄ôḏ* in the fifth and in the seventh, and this *šiḇʿîm šānāh*, *hă-ṣôm ṣamtunî* I?", "grammar": { "*ʾĕmōr*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - say/speak", "*ʿam hāʾāreṣ*": "construct phrase - people of the land", "*kōhănîm*": "noun, masculine plural - priests", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to say/saying", "*kî-ṣamtem*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - when you fasted", "*sāp̄ôḏ*": "qal infinitive absolute - mourning/wailing", "*šiḇʿîm šānāh*": "cardinal number + noun, feminine singular - seventy year", "*hă-ṣôm ṣamtunî*": "interrogative particle + noun, masculine singular + qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural + 1st common singular suffix - did you fast for me?" }, "variants": { "*ʿam hāʾāreṣ*": "people of the land/common people/populace", "*sāp̄ôḏ*": "mourning/wailing/lamenting", "*hă-ṣôm ṣamtunî*": "did you fast for me?/was it for me you fasted?/have you really fasted for me?" } }
• Rom 16:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Romans.16.18", "source": "Οἱ γὰρ τοιοῦτοι τῷ Κυρίῳ ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστῷ οὐ δουλεύουσιν, ἀλλὰ τῇ ἑαυτῶν κοιλίᾳ· καὶ διὰ τῆς χρηστολογίας καὶ εὐλογίας ἐξαπατῶσιν τὰς καρδίας τῶν ἀκάκων.", "text": "For the such to-the *Kyriō* of-us *Iēsou Christō* not *douleuousin*, but to-the *heautōn* *koilia*; and through the *chrēstologias* and *eulogias* they-*exapatōsin* the *kardias* of-the *akakōn*.", "grammar": { "γὰρ": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "τοιοῦτοι": "nominative masculine plural demonstrative - such/such ones", "*Kyriō*": "dative masculine singular - Lord", "ἡμῶν": "genitive plural pronoun - of us/our", "*Iēsou*": "dative masculine singular - Jesus", "*Christō*": "dative masculine singular - Christ", "οὐ": "negative particle - not", "*douleuousin*": "present indicative active, 3rd person plural - serve/are slaves to", "ἀλλὰ": "adversative conjunction - but", "*heautōn*": "genitive plural reflexive pronoun - their own", "*koilia*": "dative feminine singular - belly/appetite", "διὰ": "preposition with genitive - through/by means of", "*chrēstologias*": "genitive feminine singular - smooth talk/fine-sounding words", "*eulogias*": "genitive feminine singular - flattery/praise", "*exapatōsin*": "present indicative active, 3rd person plural - deceive/mislead", "*kardias*": "accusative feminine plural - hearts", "*akakōn*": "genitive masculine plural - innocent/unsuspecting" }, "variants": { "*douleuousin*": "serve/are slaves to/render service", "*koilia*": "belly/appetite/physical desires", "*chrēstologias*": "smooth talk/fine-sounding words/plausible speech", "*eulogias*": "flattery/praise/blessing", "*exapatōsin*": "deceive/mislead/delude", "*kardias*": "hearts/minds/inner being", "*akakōn*": "innocent/unsuspecting/naive" } }
• Phil 3:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Philippians.3.19", "source": "Ὧν τὸ τέλος ἀπώλεια, ὧν ὁ Θεὸς ἡ κοιλία, καὶ ἡ δόξα ἐν τῇ αἰσχύνῃ αὐτῶν, οἱ τὰ ἐπίγεια φρονοῦντες.)", "text": "Of whom the *telos apōleia*, of whom the *Theos* the *koilia*, and the *doxa* in the *aischynē* of them, the ones the *epigeia phronountes*.)", "grammar": { "*telos*": "nominative, neuter, singular - end", "*apōleia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - destruction", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*koilia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - belly/appetite", "*doxa*": "nominative, feminine, singular - glory", "*aischynē*": "dative, feminine, singular - shame", "*epigeia*": "accusative, neuter, plural - earthly things", "*phronountes*": "participle, present, active, nominative, masculine, plural - thinking/minding" }, "variants": { "*telos*": "end/outcome/destination", "*apōleia*": "destruction/ruin/perdition", "*koilia*": "belly/stomach/appetite/physical desires", "*doxa*": "glory/honor/pride", "*aischynē*": "shame/disgrace", "*epigeia*": "earthly things/worldly concerns" } }
• Jas 4:3 : 3 { "verseID": "James.4.3", "source": "Αἰτεῖτε, καὶ οὐ λαμβάνετε, διότι κακῶς αἰτεῖσθε, ἵνα ἐν ταῖς ἡδοναῖς ὑμῶν δαπανήσητε.", "text": "You *aiteite*, and not you *lambanete*, because *kakōs* you *aiteisthe*, that in the *hēdonais* of you you may *dapanēsēte*.", "grammar": { "*aiteite*": "present active indicative, 2nd plural - ask/request", "*lambanete*": "present active indicative, 2nd plural - receive/take", "*kakōs*": "adverb - wrongly/badly/evilly", "*aiteisthe*": "present middle indicative, 2nd plural - ask/request", "*hēdonais*": "dative, feminine, plural - pleasures/desires", "*dapanēsēte*": "aorist active subjunctive, 2nd plural - spend/consume" }, "variants": { "*aiteite*": "ask/request/beg", "*lambanete*": "receive/take/accept", "*kakōs*": "wrongly/badly/evilly/improperly", "*aiteisthe*": "ask/request for yourselves", "*hēdonais*": "pleasures/lusts/desires", "*dapanēsēte*": "spend/consume/waste" } }
• Jas 5:1 : 1 { "verseID": "James.5.1", "source": "¶Ἄγε νῦν, οἱ πλούσιοι, κλαύσατε ὀλολύζοντες ἐπὶ ταῖς ταλαιπωρίαις ὑμῶν ταῖς ἐπερχομέναις.", "text": "*Age nyn*, the *plousioi*, *klausate ololyzontes epi* the *talaipōriais* of you the *eperchomenais*.", "grammar": { "*Age*": "imperative, 2nd singular - come now/go to", "*nyn*": "adverb - now", "*plousioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - rich (ones)", "*klausate*": "aorist imperative, 2nd plural - weep/mourn", "*ololyzontes*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, plural - wailing/howling", "*epi*": "preposition + dative - upon/over/because of", "*talaipōriais*": "dative, feminine, plural - miseries/hardships", "*eperchomenais*": "present participle, dative, feminine, plural - coming upon/approaching" }, "variants": { "*Age*": "come/come now/go to (interjection)", "*ololyzontes*": "howling/wailing/lamenting loudly", "*talaipōriais*": "miseries/distresses/hardships/calamities", "*eperchomenais*": "coming upon/approaching/impending" } }
• Exod 32:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Exodus.32.6", "source": "וַיַּשְׁכִּ֙ימוּ֙ מִֽמָּחֳרָ֔ת וַיַּעֲל֣וּ עֹלֹ֔ת וַיַּגִּ֖שׁוּ שְׁלָמִ֑ים וַיֵּ֤שֶׁב הָעָם֙ לֽ͏ֶאֱכֹ֣ל וְשָׁת֔וֹ וַיָּקֻ֖מוּ לְצַחֵֽק׃", "text": "And *wayyaškîmū* *mimmŏḥorāt* and *wayyaʿălû* *ʿōlōt* and *wayyaggîšū* *šəlāmîm*, and *wayyēšeb* the *hāʿām* to *leʾĕkōl* and *šātô*, and *wayyāqumū* to *ləṣaḥēq*.", "grammar": { "*wayyaškîmū*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - and they rose early", "*mimmŏḥorāt*": "preposition + noun feminine singular - on the next day", "*wayyaʿălû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - and they offered up", "*ʿōlōt*": "noun feminine plural - burnt offerings", "*wayyaggîšū*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - and they brought near", "*šəlāmîm*": "noun masculine plural - peace offerings", "*wayyēšeb*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he sat", "*hāʿām*": "definite noun, masculine singular - the people", "*leʾĕkōl*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to eat", "*šātô*": "Qal infinitive absolute - drink", "*wayyāqumū*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - and they rose", "*ləṣaḥēq*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct - to play/make sport" }, "variants": { "*ləṣaḥēq*": "to play/to make sport/to amuse themselves/to mock/to engage in revelry (possibly with sexual connotation)" } }
• Ps 78:34-37 : 34 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.34", "source": "אִם־הֲרָגָ֥ם וּדְרָשׁ֑וּהוּ וְ֝שָׁ֗בוּ וְשִֽׁחֲרוּ־אֵֽל׃", "text": "if-*hărāgām* *ûdərāšûhû* *wə-šābû* *wə-šiḥărû*-*ʾēl*", "grammar": { "*hărāgām*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - he killed them", "*ûdərāšûhû*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and they sought him", "*wə-šābû*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd masculine plural - and they returned/repented", "*wə-šiḥărû*": "conjunction + Piel perfect 3rd masculine plural - and they sought earnestly", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - God/deity" }, "variants": { "*hărāgām*": "killed them/slew them", "*dərāšûhû*": "sought him/inquired of him/consulted him", "*šābû*": "returned/repented/turned back", "*šiḥărû*": "sought early/sought earnestly/diligently sought" } } 35 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.35", "source": "וַֽ֭יִּזְכְּרוּ כִּֽי־אֱלֹהִ֣ים צוּרָ֑ם וְאֵ֥ל עֶ֝לְיוֹן גֹּאֲלָֽם׃", "text": "*wə-yizkərû* that-*ʾĕlōhîm* *ṣûrām* and-*ʾēl* *ʿelyōn* *gōʾălām*", "grammar": { "*wə-yizkərû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - and they remembered", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - God", "*ṣûrām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their rock", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - God/deity", "*ʿelyōn*": "masculine singular adjective - high/most high", "*gōʾălām*": "Qal participle masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their redeemer" }, "variants": { "*ṣûrām*": "their rock/their stronghold/their refuge", "*ʿelyōn*": "Most High/highest", "*gōʾălām*": "their redeemer/their kinsman-redeemer" } } 36 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.36", "source": "וַיְפַתּ֥וּהוּ בְּפִיהֶ֑ם וּ֝בִלְשׁוֹנָ֗ם יְכַזְּבוּ־לֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə-yəphattûhû* with-*pîhem* and-with-*lišōnām* *yəkazzəbû*-to-him", "grammar": { "*wə-yəphattûhû*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix with waw consecutive - and they deceived/enticed him", "*pîhem*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their mouth", "*lišōnām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their tongue", "*yəkazzəbû*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they lied/deceived" }, "variants": { "*yəphattûhû*": "deceived him/enticed him/seduced him", "*yəkazzəbû*": "lied/deceived/dealt falsely" } } 37 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.37", "source": "וְ֭לִבָּם לֹא־נָכ֣וֹן עִמּ֑וֹ וְלֹ֥א נֶ֝אֶמְנ֗וּ בִּבְרִיתֽוֹ׃", "text": "and-*libbām* not-*nākōn* with-him and-not *neʾemnû* in-*bərîtō*", "grammar": { "*libbām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their heart", "*nākōn*": "Niphal participle masculine singular - established/firm/faithful", "*neʾemnû*": "Niphal perfect 3rd masculine plural - they were faithful/trustworthy", "*bərîtō*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his covenant" }, "variants": { "*libbām*": "their heart/mind/inner self", "*nākōn*": "established/firm/steadfast/faithful", "*neʾemnû*": "were faithful/were steadfast/were trustworthy" } }
• Isa 29:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Isaiah.29.13", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲדֹנָ֗י יַ֚עַן כִּ֤י נִגַּשׁ֙ הָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֔ה בְּפִ֤יו וּבִשְׂפָתָיו֙ כִּבְּד֔וּנִי וְלִבּ֖וֹ רִחַ֣ק מִמֶּ֑נִּי וַתְּהִ֤י יִרְאָתָם֙ אֹתִ֔י מִצְוַ֥ת אֲנָשִׁ֖ים מְלֻמָּדָֽה", "text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* *ʾădōnāy* because that *niggaš* *hā-ʿām* *ha-zzeh* with-mouth-his and-with-lips-his *kibbĕdûnî* and-*libbô* *riḥaq* from-me *wa-tĕhî* *yirʾātām* me *miṣwat* *ʾănāšîm* *mĕlummādāh*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "conjunction waw + verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my Lord", "*yaʿan*": "conjunction - because", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*niggaš*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - draws near/approaches", "*hā-ʿām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the people", "*ha-zzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - this", "*bĕ-p̱îw*": "preposition beth + noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - with his mouth", "*ū-ḇi-śĕp̱ātāyw*": "conjunction waw + preposition beth + noun, feminine dual with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and with his lips", "*kibbĕdûnî*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd person masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - they honor me", "*wĕ-libbô*": "conjunction waw + noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - but his heart", "*riḥaq*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - is far/removed", "*mimmennî*": "preposition min + 1st person singular suffix - from me", "*wa-tĕhî*": "conjunction waw + verb, qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and has become", "*yirʾātām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their fear of", "*ʾōtî*": "direct object marker with 1st person singular suffix - me", "*miṣwat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - commandment of", "*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural - men", "*mĕlummādāh*": "verb, pual participle, feminine singular - taught/learned" }, "variants": { "*ʾădōnāy*": "my Lord/the Lord/sovereign", "*niggaš*": "draws near/approaches/comes close", "*ʿām*": "people/nation/folk", "*kibbĕdûnî*": "they honor me/glorify me/pay homage to me", "*libbô*": "his heart/mind/inner being", "*riḥaq*": "is far/removed/distant", "*yirʾātām*": "their fear/reverence/awe", "*miṣwat*": "commandment/precept/rule", "*mĕlummādāh*": "taught/learned/trained (by rote)" } }
• Isa 52:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Isaiah.52.5", "source": "וְעַתָּ֤ה *מי־*לי־**מַה־**לִּי־פֹה֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה כִּֽי־לֻקַּ֥ח עַמִּ֖י חִנָּ֑ם *משלו **מֹשְׁלָ֤יו יְהֵילִ֙ילוּ֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה וְתָמִ֥יד כָּל־הַיּ֖וֹם שְׁמִ֥י מִנֹּאָּֽץ׃", "text": "*wəʿattâ* *mah-lî-pōh* *nəʾum-YHWH* *kî-luqqaḥ* *ʿammî* *ḥinnām* *mōšəlāw* *yəhêlîlû* *nəʾum-YHWH* *wətāmîd* *kol-hayyôm* *šəmî* *minnōʾāṣ*", "grammar": { "*wəʿattâ*": "conjunction + adverb - and now", "*mah-lî-pōh*": "interrogative pronoun + preposition with 1st person singular suffix + adverb - what to me here", "*nəʾum-YHWH*": "noun, masculine singular construct + proper noun - declaration of Yahweh", "*kî-luqqaḥ*": "conjunction + verb, pual perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - for has been taken", "*ʿammî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my people", "*ḥinnām*": "adverb - for nothing/without cause", "*mōšəlāw*": "verb, qal participle, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his rulers", "*yəhêlîlû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they howl/wail", "*wətāmîd*": "conjunction + adverb - and continually", "*kol-hayyôm*": "noun, masculine singular construct + definite article + noun, masculine singular - all the day", "*šəmî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my name", "*minnōʾāṣ*": "preposition + verb, pual participle, masculine singular - is blasphemed/despised" }, "variants": { "*mah-lî-pōh*": "what do I have here/what is to me here", "*nəʾum-YHWH*": "declaration of Yahweh/says the LORD", "*luqqaḥ*": "has been taken/has been captured", "*ḥinnām*": "for nothing/without payment/without cause", "*mōšəlāw*": "his rulers/those who rule over him", "*yəhêlîlû*": "they howl/they wail/they mock", "*minnōʾāṣ*": "is blasphemed/is despised/is treated with contempt" } }
• Isa 65:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Isaiah.65.14", "source": "הִנֵּ֧ה עֲבָדַ֛י יָרֹ֖נּוּ מִטּ֣וּב לֵ֑ב וְאַתֶּ֤ם תִּצְעֲקוּ֙ מִכְּאֵ֣ב לֵ֔ב וּמִשֵּׁ֥בֶר ר֖וּחַ תְּיֵלִֽילוּ׃", "text": "*hinneh* *ʿavaday* *yaronnu* from-*tuv* *lev* and-*ʾattem* *titsʿaqu* from-*keʾev* *lev* and-from-*shever* *ruah* *teyelilu*", "grammar": { "*hinneh*": "interjection - behold", "*ʿavaday*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my servants", "*yaronnu*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will sing", "*tuv*": "masculine singular construct - goodness of", "*lev*": "masculine singular noun - heart", "*ʾattem*": "2nd person masculine plural pronoun - you", "*titsʿaqu*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will cry out", "*keʾev*": "masculine singular construct - pain of", "*lev*": "masculine singular noun - heart", "*shever*": "masculine singular construct - breaking of", "*ruah*": "feminine singular noun - spirit", "*teyelilu*": "Hiphil imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will howl/wail" }, "variants": { "*hinneh*": "behold/look/see", "*ʿavaday*": "my servants/my slaves/my workers", "*yaronnu*": "they will sing/they will shout for joy/they will cry aloud", "*tuv*": "goodness/gladness/happiness", "*lev*": "heart/mind/inner being", "*ʾattem*": "you (plural)", "*titsʿaqu*": "you will cry out/you will shout/you will scream", "*keʾev*": "pain/sorrow/anguish", "*lev*": "heart/mind/inner being", "*shever*": "breaking/fracture/crushing", "*ruah*": "spirit/breath/wind", "*teyelilu*": "you will wail/you will howl/you will lament" } }
• Hos 3:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Hosea.3.1", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֵלַ֗י ע֚וֹד לֵ֣ךְ אֱ‍ֽהַב־אִשָּׁ֔ה אֲהֻ֥בַת רֵ֖עַ וּמְנָאָ֑פֶת כְּאַהֲבַ֤ת יְהוָה֙ אֶת־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְהֵ֗ם פֹּנִים֙ אֶל־אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֔ים וְאֹהֲבֵ֖י אֲשִׁישֵׁ֥י עֲנָבִֽים׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to-me, yet *lēk* *ʾĕhab*-*ʾiššāh* *ʾăhūbat* *rēaʿ* and-*mənāʾāpet* according-to-*ʾahăbat* *YHWH* *ʾet*-sons-of *Yiśrāʾēl* and-they *pōnîm* to-*ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* and-*ʾōhăbê* *ʾăšîšê* *ʿănābîm*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*lēk*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - go", "*ʾĕhab*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - love", "*ʾiššāh*": "noun, feminine singular - woman", "*ʾăhūbat*": "passive participle construct, feminine singular - beloved of", "*rēaʿ*": "noun, masculine singular - friend/companion/another", "*mənāʾāpet*": "piel participle, feminine singular - adulteress/committing adultery", "*ʾahăbat*": "noun construct, feminine singular - love of", "*pōnîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - turning/facing", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - other", "*ʾōhăbê*": "qal participle construct, masculine plural - lovers of", "*ʾăšîšê*": "noun construct, feminine plural - cakes of", "*ʿănābîm*": "noun, masculine plural - grapes/raisins" }, "variants": { "*rēaʿ*": "friend/companion/neighbor/another/lover", "*mənāʾāpet*": "adulteress/adulterous woman/one who commits adultery", "*pōnîm*": "turning to/facing/regarding/inclining toward", "*ʾăšîšê ʿănābîm*": "raisin cakes/grape cakes (possibly used in pagan rituals)" } }
• Amos 8:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Amos.8.3", "source": "וְהֵילִ֜ילוּ שִׁיר֤וֹת הֵיכָל֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֑ה רַ֣ב הַפֶּ֔גֶר בְּכָל־מָק֖וֹם הִשְׁלִ֥יךְ הָֽס׃", "text": "And *wəhêlîlû* *šîrôt* *hêkāl* in the day the that *nəʾum* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH* many the *pegher* in every *māqôm* *hišlîḵ* *hās*", "grammar": { "*wəhêlîlû*": "hiphil perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd plural - and they will wail/howl", "*šîrôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - songs of", "*hêkāl*": "noun, masculine singular - temple/palace", "*bayyôm*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the day", "*hahûʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - that", "*nəʾum*": "noun, masculine singular construct - declaration/utterance of", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular - Lord/master", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*rab*": "adjective, masculine singular - many/great", "*hapegher*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the corpse/carcass", "*bəḵol*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in every", "*māqôm*": "noun, masculine singular - place", "*hišlîḵ*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has thrown/cast", "*hās*": "interjection - hush/silence" }, "variants": { "*hêlîlû*": "wail/howl/lament", "*šîrôt*": "songs/singing/music", "*hêkāl*": "temple/palace/sanctuary", "*pegher*": "corpse/dead body/carcass", "*hišlîḵ*": "has thrown/has cast/has hurled", "*hās*": "silence/hush/quiet" } }