Psalms 44:7

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Psalms.44.7", "source": "כִּ֤י לֹ֣א בְקַשְׁתִּ֣י אֶבְטָ֑ח וְ֝חַרְבִּ֗י לֹ֣א תוֹשִׁיעֵֽנִי׃", "text": "For not in *qaštî* *ʾebṭāḥ* and *ḥarbî* not *tôšîʿēnî*", "grammar": { "*qaštî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my bow", "*ʾebṭāḥ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will trust", "*ḥarbî*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - and my sword", "*tôšîʿēnî*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - it will save me" }, "variants": { "*ʾebṭāḥ*": "trust/rely on/be confident in", "*tôšîʿēnî*": "save/deliver/give victory to" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

כִּ֤י לֹ֣א בְקַשְׁתִּ֣י אֶבְטָ֑ח וְ֝חַרְבִּ֗י לֹ֣א תוֹשִׁיעֵֽנִי׃

Transliteration

For not in qaštî ʾebṭāḥ and ḥarbî not tôšîʿēnî

Grammar Details

• *qaštî*: noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my bow
• *ʾebṭāḥ*: verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will trust
• *ḥarbî*: conjunction + noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - and my sword
• *tôšîʿēnî*: verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - it will save me

Word Meanings

• *ʾebṭāḥ*: trust/rely on/be confident in
• *tôšîʿēnî*: save/deliver/give victory to

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  For I do not trust in my bow, nor does my sword save me.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  But thou hast saved us from our enemies, and hast put them to shame that hated us.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  But You have saved us from our enemies, and have put them to shame that hated us.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  But thou hast saved us from our enemies, and hast put them to shame that hated us.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  But thou hast saved us from our adversaries, And hast put them to shame that hate us.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  But thou hast saved{H8689)} us from our enemies, and hast put them to shame{H8689)} that hated{H8764)} us.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  For I will not trust in my bowe, it is not my swerde yt shal helpe me.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  But thou hast saued vs from our aduersaries, and hast put them to confusion that hate vs.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  But it is thou that sauest vs from our enemies: and thou puttest them to confusion that hate vs.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  But thou hast saved us from our enemies, and hast put them to shame that hated us.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  But you have saved us from our adversaries, And have shamed those who hate us.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  For Thou hast saved us from our adversaries, And those hating us Thou hast put to shame.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  But thou hast saved us from our adversaries, And hast put them to shame that hate us.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  But thou hast saved us from our adversaries, And hast put them to shame that hate us.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  But it is you who have been our saviour from those who were against us, and have put to shame those who had hate for us.

• World English Bible (2000)

  But you have saved us from our adversaries, and have shamed those who hate us.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  For you deliver us from our enemies; you humiliate those who hate us.

Referenced Verses

• Josh 1:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Joshua.1.5", "source": "לֹֽא־יִתְיַצֵּ֥ב אִישׁ֙ לְפָנֶ֔יךָ כֹּ֖ל יְמֵ֣י חַיֶּ֑יךָ כּֽ͏ַאֲשֶׁ֨ר הָיִ֤יתִי עִם־מֹשֶׁה֙ אֶהְיֶ֣ה עִמָּ֔ךְ לֹ֥א אַרְפְּךָ֖ וְלֹ֥א אֶעֶזְבֶֽךָּ", "text": "Not-*yityatsēb* *ʾîsh* before-you all *yǝmê* *ḥayyêkā* as-which *hāyîtî* with-*Mōsheh* *ʾehyeh* with-you not *ʾarpǝkā* and-not *ʾeʿezǝbekkā*", "grammar": { "*yityatsēb*": "hithpael imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will stand/withstand", "*ʾîsh*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*yǝmê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - days of", "*ḥayyêkā*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your life", "*hāyîtî*": "qal perfect 1st singular - I was/have been", "*Mōsheh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʾehyeh*": "qal imperfect 1st singular - I will be", "*ʾarpǝkā*": "hiphil imperfect 1st singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - I will let you go/fail you", "*ʾeʿezǝbekkā*": "qal imperfect 1st singular + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - I will forsake/abandon you" }, "variants": { "*yityatsēb*": "will stand/withstand/oppose", "*ʾîsh*": "man/person/anyone", "*ʾarpǝkā*": "I will let you go/fail you/be slack with you", "*ʾeʿezǝbekkā*": "I will forsake/abandon/leave you" } }
• Josh 10:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Joshua.10.8", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֤ה אֶל־יְהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ אַל־תִּירָ֣א מֵהֶ֔ם כִּ֥י בְיָדְךָ֖ נְתַתִּ֑ים לֹֽא־יַעֲמֹ֥ד אִ֛ישׁ מֵהֶ֖ם בְּפָנֶֽיךָ", "text": "And *wayyōmer* *YHWH* to-*yəhôšuaʿ*, do not-*tîrā* from-them for in-hand-your *nətattîm*; not-*yaʿămōd* man from-them in-face-your", "grammar": { "*wayyōmer*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua", "*tîrā*": "imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular, qal stem - fear", "*nətattîm*": "perfect, 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - I have given them", "*yaʿămōd*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will stand" }, "variants": { "*wayyōmer*": "and he said/spoke/uttered", "*tîrā*": "fear/be afraid of/dread", "*nətattîm*": "I have given them/delivered them/handed them over", "*yaʿămōd*": "he will stand/withstand/endure" } } 9 { "verseID": "Joshua.10.9", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֧א אֲלֵיהֶ֛ם יְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ פִּתְאֹ֑ם כָּל־הַלַּ֕יְלָה עָלָ֖ה מִן־הַגִּלְגָּֽל", "text": "And *wayyāḇō* to-them *yəhôšuaʿ* *pitəʾōm*; all-*hallaylāh* *ʿālāh* from-*haggiləgāl*", "grammar": { "*wayyāḇō*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he came", "*yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua", "*pitəʾōm*": "adverb - suddenly", "*hallaylāh*": "noun with definite article - the night", "*ʿālāh*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he went up", "*haggiləgāl*": "proper noun with definite article - the Gilgal" }, "variants": { "*wayyāḇō*": "and he came/arrived/approached", "*pitəʾōm*": "suddenly/unexpectedly/by surprise", "*ʿālāh*": "he went up/ascended/marched" } } 10 { "verseID": "Joshua.10.10", "source": "וַיְהֻמֵּ֤ם יְהוָה֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיַּכֵּ֥ם מַכָּֽה־גְדוֹלָ֖ה בְּגִבְע֑וֹן וַֽיִּרְדְּפֵ֗ם דֶּ֚רֶךְ מַעֲלֵ֣ה בֵית־חוֹרֹ֔ן וַיַּכֵּ֥ם עַד־עֲזֵקָ֖ה וְעַד־מַקֵּדָֽה", "text": "And *wayəhummēm* *YHWH* before *yiśrāʾēl*, and *wayyakkēm* *makkāh*-*gəḏôlāh* in *gibəʿôn*; and *wayyirədəp̄ēm* way of ascent of *bêt-ḥôrōn*, and *wayyakkēm* until-*ʿăzēqāh* and until-*maqqēḏāh*", "grammar": { "*wayəhummēm*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix, hiphil stem - and he confused them", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wayyakkēm*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix, hiphil stem - and he struck them", "*makkāh*": "noun, feminine singular construct - striking of", "*gəḏôlāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - great", "*gibəʿôn*": "proper noun - Gibeon", "*wayyirədəp̄ēm*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he pursued them", "*bêt-ḥôrōn*": "proper noun - Beth-horon", "*ʿăzēqāh*": "proper noun - Azekah", "*maqqēḏāh*": "proper noun - Makkedah" }, "variants": { "*wayəhummēm*": "and he confused them/threw them into panic/discomfited them", "*wayyakkēm*": "and he struck them/smote them/attacked them", "*makkāh*": "striking/blow/defeat", "*gəḏôlāh*": "great/large/severe", "*wayyirədəp̄ēm*": "and he pursued them/chased them/followed after them" } }
• Josh 10:42 : 42 { "verseID": "Joshua.10.42", "source": "וְאֵת כָּל־הַמְּלָכִים הָאֵלֶּה וְאֶת־אַרְצָם לָכַד יְהוֹשֻׁעַ פַּעַם אֶחָת כִּי יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל נִלְחָם לְיִשְׂרָאֵל", "text": "*wə-ʾēt* all-the-*məlāḵîm* the-these *wə-ʾet*-*ʾarṣām* *lāḵaḏ* *Yəhôšūaʿ* *paʿam* *ʾeḥāṯ* *kî* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *nilḥām* to-*Yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾēt*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*məlāḵîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - kings", "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*ʾarṣām*": "common noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their land", "*lāḵaḏ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he captured", "*Yəhôšūaʿ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joshua", "*paʿam*": "common noun, feminine singular - time/occurrence", "*ʾeḥāṯ*": "numeral, feminine singular - one", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "common noun, masculine plural construct - God of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*nilḥām*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he fought", "to-*Yiśrāʾēl*": "preposition + proper noun - for Israel" }, "variants": { "*paʿam* *ʾeḥāṯ*": "once/at one time/all at once", "*nilḥām* to-*Yiśrāʾēl*": "fought for Israel/fought on behalf of Israel" } }
• Josh 11:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Joshua.11.6", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֣ה אֶל־יְהוֹשֻׁעַ֮ אַל־תִּירָ֣א מִפְּנֵיהֶם֒ כִּֽי־מָחָ֞ר כָּעֵ֣ת הַזֹּ֗את אָנֹכִ֞י נֹתֵ֧ן אֶת־כֻּלָּ֛ם חֲלָלִ֖ים לִפְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל אֶת־סוּסֵיהֶ֣ם תְּעַקֵּ֔ר וְאֶת־מַרְכְּבֹתֵיהֶ֖ם תִּשְׂרֹ֥ף בָּאֵֽשׁ׃", "text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to-*yəhôšuaʿ* not-*tîrāʾ* from-*pənêhem* for-*māḥār* at-*ʿēṯ* the-*zōʾṯ* *ʾānōḵî* *nōṯēn* *ʾeṯ*-all-them *ḥălālîm* before-*yiśrāʾēl* *ʾeṯ*-*sûsêhem* *təʿaqqēr* and-*ʾeṯ*-*markəḇōṯêhem* *tiśrōp̄* in-*ʾēš*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper name - YHWH/the LORD", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*yəhôšuaʿ*": "proper name - Joshua", "*ʾal*": "negative particle - not/do not", "*tîrāʾ*": "qal imperfect 2ms jussive - fear/be afraid", "*mippənêhem*": "preposition מן + noun + 3mp suffix - from before them/from their presence", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*māḥār*": "adverb - tomorrow", "*kāʿēṯ*": "preposition כ + noun - about time", "*hazzōʾṯ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun fs - this", "*ʾānōḵî*": "1cs independent pronoun - I", "*nōṯēn*": "qal participle ms - giving", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*kullām*": "noun + 3mp suffix - all of them", "*ḥălālîm*": "noun, masculine plural - slain/fallen", "*lip̄nê*": "preposition ל + noun, construct - before/in presence of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - Israel", "*sûsêhem*": "noun, masculine plural + 3mp suffix - their horses", "*təʿaqqēr*": "piel imperfect 2ms - you shall hamstring", "*markəḇōṯêhem*": "noun, feminine plural + 3mp suffix - their chariots", "*tiśrōp̄*": "qal imperfect 2ms - you shall burn", "*bāʾēš*": "preposition ב + definite article + noun - in the fire" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "and he said/and he spoke", "*tîrāʾ*": "you shall fear/be afraid", "*mippənêhem*": "from before them/from their presence/because of them", "*māḥār*": "tomorrow/in the future", "*kāʿēṯ*": "about this time/at this time", "*nōṯēn*": "giving/delivering", "*ḥălālîm*": "slain/fallen/pierced/killed", "*təʿaqqēr*": "you shall hamstring/you shall cripple/you shall cut the tendons of", "*tiśrōp̄*": "you shall burn/you shall consume with fire", "*bāʾēš*": "in the fire/with fire" } }
• Josh 23:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "Joshua.23.9", "source": "וַיּ֤וֹרֶשׁ יְהוָה֙ מִפְּנֵיכֶ֔ם גּוֹיִ֖ם גְּדֹלִ֣ים וַעֲצוּמִ֑ים וְאַתֶּ֗ם לֹא־עָ֤מַד אִישׁ֙ בִּפְנֵיכֶ֔ם עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyôreš* *YHWH* from *pənêkem* *gôyim* *gədōlîm* and *ʿăṣûmîm* and *ʾattem* not *ʿāmad* *ʾîš* in *pənêkem* until the *yôm* the *zeh*.", "grammar": { "*wayyôreš*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3ms - he drove out", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*pənêkem*": "masculine plural noun + 2mp suffix - your faces/presence", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun - nations", "*gədōlîm*": "masculine plural adjective - great", "*ʿăṣûmîm*": "masculine plural adjective - mighty/strong", "*ʾattem*": "2mp independent pronoun - you", "*ʿāmad*": "qal perfect 3ms - stood/withstood", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man/person", "*pənêkem*": "masculine plural noun + 2mp suffix - your faces/presence", "*yôm*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the day", "*zeh*": "demonstrative adjective - this" }, "variants": { "*wayyôreš*": "drove out/dispossessed/expelled", "*mippənêkem*": "from before you/from your presence", "*gôyim gədōlîm waʿăṣûmîm*": "great and mighty nations/large and powerful peoples", "*ʿāmad*": "stood/withstood/resisted", "*bip̄nêkem*": "before you/in your presence/against you", "*hayyôm hazzeh*": "this day/today/until now" } } 10 { "verseID": "Joshua.23.10", "source": "אִישׁ־אֶחָ֥ד מִכֶּ֖ם יִרְדָּף־אָ֑לֶף כִּ֣י ׀ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֗ם ה֚וּא הַנִּלְחָ֣ם לָכֶ֔ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר דִּבֶּ֥ר לָכֶֽם׃", "text": "*ʾîš* *ʾeḥād* from you *yirdāp̄* *ʾālep̄* because *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem* *hûʾ* the *nniləḥām* for you as which *dibber* to you.", "grammar": { "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man", "*ʾeḥād*": "numeral - one", "*yirdāp̄*": "qal imperfect 3ms - he will pursue", "*ʾālep̄*": "masculine singular noun - thousand", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "masculine plural noun + 2mp suffix - your God", "*hûʾ*": "3ms independent pronoun - he", "*nniləḥām*": "niphal participle ms with definite article - the one fighting", "*dibber*": "piel perfect 3ms - he spoke/promised" }, "variants": { "*ʾîš ʾeḥād*": "one man/a single person", "*yirdāp̄*": "will pursue/chase/put to flight", "*ʾālep̄*": "thousand/a large number", "*nniləḥām*": "fighting/battling/warring", "*dibber*": "spoke/promised/declared" } }
• Judg 2:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Judges.2.18", "source": "וְכִֽי־הֵקִ֨ים יְהוָ֥ה ׀ לָהֶם֮ שֹֽׁפְטִים֒ וְהָיָ֤ה יְהוָה֙ עִם־הַשֹּׁפֵ֔ט וְהֽוֹשִׁיעָם֙ מִיַּ֣ד אֹֽיְבֵיהֶ֔ם כֹּ֖ל יְמֵ֣י הַשּׁוֹפֵ֑ט כִּֽי־יִנָּחֵ֤ם יְהוָה֙ מִנַּֽאֲקָתָ֔ם מִפְּנֵ֥י לֹחֲצֵיהֶ֖ם וְדֹחֲקֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And-when-*hēqîm* *YHWH* to-them *šōp̄əṭîm* and-*wəhāyāh* *YHWH* with-the-*šōp̄ēṭ* and-*wəhôšîʿām* from-*yaḏ* *ʾōyəḇêhem* all *yəmê* the-*šôp̄ēṭ* for-*yinnāḥēm* *YHWH* from-*naʾăqātām* from-before *lōḥăṣêhem* and-*dōḥăqêhem*", "grammar": { "*hēqîm*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he raised up", "*šōp̄əṭîm*": "masculine plural noun - judges", "*wəhāyāh*": "waw-consecutive + qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he was", "*šōp̄ēṭ*": "qal participle, masculine singular with definite article - the judge", "*wəhôšîʿām*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he saved them", "*yaḏ*": "feminine singular construct - hand of", "*ʾōyəḇêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their enemies", "*yəmê*": "masculine plural construct - days of", "*šôp̄ēṭ*": "qal participle, masculine singular with definite article - the judge", "*yinnāḥēm*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he was moved with compassion", "*naʾăqātām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their groaning", "*lōḥăṣêhem*": "qal participle, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their oppressors", "*dōḥăqêhem*": "qal participle, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their pressers" }, "variants": { "*hēqîm*": "he raised up/established/appointed", "*šōp̄əṭîm*": "judges/leaders/rulers", "*wəhāyāh*": "he was/became", "*šōp̄ēṭ*": "judge/ruler/leader", "*wəhôšîʿām*": "he saved them/delivered them/rescued them", "*yaḏ*": "hand/power/control", "*ʾōyəḇêhem*": "their enemies/adversaries/foes", "*yəmê*": "days/lifetime of", "*yinnāḥēm*": "he was moved with compassion/relented/had pity", "*naʾăqātām*": "their groaning/moaning/crying out", "*lōḥăṣêhem*": "their oppressors/those who pressured them", "*dōḥăqêhem*": "those who pressed/crowded/harassed them" } }
• Judg 7:4-7 : 4 { "verseID": "Judges.7.4", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־גִּדְע֗וֹן עוֹד֮ הָעָ֣ם רָב֒ הוֹרֵ֤ד אוֹתָם֙ אֶל־הַמַּ֔יִם וְאֶצְרְפֶ֥נּוּ לְךָ֖ שָׁ֑ם וְהָיָ֡ה אֲשֶׁר֩ אֹמַ֨ר אֵלֶ֜יךָ זֶ֣ה ׀ יֵלֵ֣ךְ אִתָּ֗ךְ ה֚וּא יֵלֵ֣ךְ אִתָּ֔ךְ וְכֹ֨ל אֲשֶׁר־אֹמַ֜ר אֵלֶ֗יךָ זֶ֚ה לֹא־יֵלֵ֣ךְ עִמָּ֔ךְ ה֖וּא לֹ֥א יֵלֵֽךְ׃", "text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to-*Gidʿōn* still *hāʿām* too-many *hôrēd* them to-*hammayîm* and-*ʾeṣrəfennû* for-you there and-*wəhāyâ* whom I-*ʾōmar* to-you this shall-*yēlēk* with-you he shall-*yēlēk* with-you and-all whom-I-*ʾōmar* to-you this not-shall-*yēlēk* with-you he not shall-*yēlēk*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*Gidʿōn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Gideon", "*hāʿām*": "definite noun, masculine singular collective - the people/troops", "*hôrēd*": "hiphil imperative masculine singular - bring down/take down", "*hammayîm*": "definite noun, masculine plural - the waters", "*ʾeṣrəfennû*": "qal imperfect 1st common singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - I will refine/test him", "*wəhāyâ*": "waw consecutive + qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and it will be", "*ʾōmar*": "qal imperfect 1st common singular - I will say", "*yēlēk*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will go" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke/commanded", "*hôrēd*": "bring down/take down/lead down", "*ʾeṣrəfennû*": "I will refine/test/purify/sift/separate", "*wəhāyâ*": "and it will be/and it shall come to pass", "*yēlēk*": "will go/shall go/will march" } } 5 { "verseID": "Judges.7.5", "source": "וַיּ֥וֹרֶד אֶת־הָעָ֖ם אֶל־הַמָּ֑יִם ס וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־גִּדְע֗וֹן כֹּ֣ל אֲשֶׁר־יָלֹק֩ בִּלְשׁוֹנ֨וֹ מִן־הַמַּ֜יִם כַּאֲשֶׁ֧ר יָלֹ֣ק הַכֶּ֗לֶב תַּצִּ֤יג אוֹתוֹ֙ לְבָ֔ד וְכֹ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־יִכְרַ֥ע עַל־בִּרְכָּ֖יו לִשְׁתּֽוֹת׃", "text": "And-*wayyôred* *ʾet-hāʿām* to-*hammāyim* and-*wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to-*Gidʿōn* all who-*yālōq* with-tongue-his from-*hammayim* as which *yālōq* *hakkeleb* *taṣṣîg* him to-separate and-all who-*yikraʿ* on-knees-his to-*lištôt*.", "grammar": { "*wayyôred*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he brought down", "*ʾet-hāʿām*": "direct object marker + definite noun, masculine singular collective - the people/troops", "*hammāyim*": "definite noun, masculine plural - the waters", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*Gidʿōn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Gideon", "*yālōq*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - laps/licks", "*hakkeleb*": "definite noun, masculine singular - the dog", "*taṣṣîg*": "hiphil imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you shall set/place", "*yikraʿ*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - bows down/kneels", "*lištôt*": "qal infinitive construct - to drink" }, "variants": { "*wayyôred*": "brought down/led down/took down", "*yālōq*": "laps/licks up/slurps", "*taṣṣîg*": "set/place/station/put", "*yikraʿ*": "bows down/kneels/stoops", "*lištôt*": "to drink/to imbibe" } } 6 { "verseID": "Judges.7.6", "source": "וַיְהִ֗י מִסְפַּ֞ר הַֽמֲלַקְקִ֤ים בְּיָדָם֙ אֶל־פִּיהֶ֔ם שְׁלֹ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת אִ֑ישׁ וְכֹל֙ יֶ֣תֶר הָעָ֔ם כָּרְע֥וּ עַל־בִּרְכֵיהֶ֖ם לִשְׁתּ֥וֹת מָֽיִם׃", "text": "And-*wayəhî* number-of *hamălaqəqîm* with-hand-their to-mouth-their three hundred *ʾîš* and-all rest-of *hāʿām* *kārəʿû* on-knees-their to-*lištôt* *māyim*.", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it was/happened", "*hamălaqəqîm*": "definite participle, piel masculine plural - the ones lapping", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/person", "*hāʿām*": "definite noun, masculine singular collective - the people/troops", "*kārəʿû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they bowed down/knelt", "*lištôt*": "qal infinitive construct - to drink", "*māyim*": "noun, masculine plural - water" }, "variants": { "*wayəhî*": "and it was/and it happened/and it came to pass", "*hamălaqəqîm*": "the ones lapping/the ones licking/those who lapped", "*ʾîš*": "man/person/individual/each", "*kārəʿû*": "knelt/bowed down/stooped", "*lištôt*": "to drink/to imbibe" } } 7 { "verseID": "Judges.7.7", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־גִּדְע֗וֹן בִּשְׁלֹשׁ֩ מֵא֨וֹת הָאִ֤ישׁ הַֽמֲלַקְקִים֙ אוֹשִׁ֣יעַ אֶתְכֶ֔ם וְנָתַתִּ֥י אֶת־מִדְיָ֖ן בְּיָדֶ֑ךָ וְכָל־הָעָ֔ם יֵלְכ֖וּ אִ֥ישׁ לִמְקֹמֽוֹ׃", "text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to-*Gidʿōn* with-three hundred *hāʾîš* *hamălaqəqîm* *ʾôšîaʿ* you and-*nātattî* *ʾet-Midyān* in-hand-your and-all-*hāʿām* *yēləkû* *ʾîš* to-place-his.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*Gidʿōn*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Gideon", "*hāʾîš*": "definite noun, masculine singular - the man", "*hamălaqəqîm*": "definite participle, piel masculine plural - the ones lapping", "*ʾôšîaʿ*": "hiphil imperfect 1st common singular - I will save/deliver", "*nātattî*": "qal perfect 1st common singular - I have given", "*ʾet-Midyān*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Midian", "*hāʿām*": "definite noun, masculine singular collective - the people/troops", "*yēləkû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will go", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/person/each" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke/commanded", "*hamălaqəqîm*": "the ones lapping/the ones licking/those who lapped", "*ʾôšîaʿ*": "I will save/deliver/rescue/bring victory", "*nātattî*": "I have given/I give/I will give", "*yēləkû*": "will go/shall go/may go", "*ʾîš*": "man/person/individual/each one" } }
• 1 Sam 7:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.7.8", "source": "וַיֹּאמְר֤וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֶל־שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל אַל־תַּחֲרֵ֣שׁ מִמֶּ֔נּוּ מִזְּעֹ֖ק אֶל־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֑ינוּ וְיֹשִׁעֵ֖נוּ מִיַּ֥ד פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmĕrû* sons-of-*yiśrāʾēl* to-*šĕmûʾēl* not-*taḥărēš* from-us from-*zĕʿōq* to-*YHWH* our-*ʾĕlōhîm* and-*yōšîʿēnû* from-hand of-*pĕlištîm*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmĕrû*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they said", "*taḥărēš*": "Hiphil imperfect 2nd masculine singular jussive - you should be silent", "*zĕʿōq*": "Qal infinitive construct - crying out", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix - our God", "*yōšîʿēnû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular jussive with 1st person plural suffix - may he save us" }, "variants": { "*taḥărēš*": "be silent/be still/cease/refrain", "*zĕʿōq*": "crying out/calling loudly/shouting", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings", "*yōšîʿēnû*": "may he save us/may he deliver us/may he rescue us" } } 9 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.7.9", "source": "וַיִּקַּ֣ח שְׁמוּאֵ֗ל טְלֵ֤ה חָלָב֙ אֶחָ֔ד *ויעלה **וַיַּעֲלֵ֧הוּ עוֹלָ֛ה כָּלִ֖יל לַֽיהוָ֑ה וַיִּזְעַ֨ק שְׁמוּאֵ֤ל אֶל־יְהוָה֙ בְּעַ֣ד יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַֽיַּעֲנֵ֖הוּ יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyiqqaḥ* *šĕmûʾēl* *ṭĕlê* *ḥālāb* one and *wayyaʿălēhû* *ʿôlâ* *kālîl* to-*YHWH* and *wayyizʿaq* *šĕmûʾēl* to-*YHWH* for *yiśrāʾēl* and *wayyaʿănēhû* *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he took", "*ṭĕlê*": "noun masculine singular construct - lamb of", "*ḥālāb*": "noun masculine singular - milk/suckling", "*wayyaʿălēhû*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he offered it up", "*ʿôlâ*": "noun feminine singular - burnt offering", "*kālîl*": "adjective masculine singular - whole/entire", "*wayyizʿaq*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he cried out", "*wayyaʿănēhû*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he answered him" }, "variants": { "*ṭĕlê*": "lamb/young sheep", "*ḥālāb*": "milk/suckling (nursing lamb)", "*wayyaʿălēhû*": "offered it up/caused it to ascend/lifted it up", "*ʿôlâ*": "burnt offering/that which ascends", "*kālîl*": "whole/entire/complete", "*wayyizʿaq*": "cried out/called loudly/shouted", "*wayyaʿănēhû*": "answered him/responded to him/replied to him" } } 10 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.7.10", "source": "וַיְהִ֤י שְׁמוּאֵל֙ מַעֲלֶ֣ה הָעוֹלָ֔ה וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֣ים נִגְּשׁ֔וּ לַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיַּרְעֵ֣ם יְהוָ֣ה ׀ בְּקוֹל־גָּ֠דוֹל בַּיּ֨וֹם הַה֤וּא עַל־פְּלִשְׁתִּים֙ וַיְהֻמֵּ֔ם וַיִּנָּגְפ֖וּ לִפְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "And *wayhî* *šĕmûʾēl* *maʿălê* the-*ʿôlâ* and-*pĕlištîm* *niggĕšû* to-the-*milḥāmâ* with-*yiśrāʾēl* and *wayyarʿēm* *YHWH* with-voice-*gādôl* in-the-day the-that upon-*pĕlištîm* and *wayhummēm* and *wayyinnāgĕpû* before *yiśrāʾēl*.", "grammar": { "*wayhî*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it happened", "*maʿălê*": "Hiphil participle masculine singular construct - offering up", "*niggĕšû*": "Niphal perfect 3rd common plural - they drew near", "*milḥāmâ*": "noun feminine singular with definite article - the battle/war", "*wayyarʿēm*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he thundered", "*gādôl*": "adjective masculine singular - great/loud", "*wayhummēm*": "waw-consecutive + Niphal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they were confused", "*wayyinnāgĕpû*": "waw-consecutive + Niphal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they were struck/defeated" }, "variants": { "*maʿălê*": "offering up/causing to ascend/lifting up", "*niggĕšû*": "drew near/approached/came close to", "*milḥāmâ*": "battle/war/fighting", "*wayyarʿēm*": "thundered/roared/made a loud noise", "*gādôl*": "great/loud/mighty", "*wayhummēm*": "were confused/were thrown into panic/were discomfited", "*wayyinnāgĕpû*": "were struck/were defeated/were smitten" } } 11 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.7.11", "source": "וַיֵּ֨צְא֜וּ אַנְשֵׁ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ מִן־הַמִּצְפָּ֔ה וַֽיִּרְדְּפ֖וּ אֶת־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַיַּכּ֕וּם עַד־מִתַּ֖חַת לְבֵ֥ית כָּֽר׃", "text": "And *wayyēṣĕʾû* men of *yiśrāʾēl* from-the-*miṣpâ* and *wayyirdĕpû* *ʾet*-*pĕlištîm* and *wayyakkûm* until-beneath to-*bêt kār*.", "grammar": { "*wayyēṣĕʾû*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they went out", "*wayyirdĕpû*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they pursued", "*wayyakkûm*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and they struck them" }, "variants": { "*wayyēṣĕʾû*": "went out/came out/emerged", "*wayyirdĕpû*": "pursued/chased/followed after", "*wayyakkûm*": "struck them/smote them/hit them", "*bêt kār*": "Beth-car (place name)/house of the lamb" } } 12 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.7.12", "source": "וַיִּקַּ֨ח שְׁמוּאֵ֜ל אֶ֣בֶן אַחַ֗ת וַיָּ֤שֶׂם בֵּֽין־הַמִּצְפָּה֙ וּבֵ֣ין הַשֵּׁ֔ן וַיִּקְרָ֥א אֶת־שְׁמָ֖הּ אֶ֣בֶן הָעָ֑זֶר וַיֹּאמַ֕ר עַד־הֵ֖נָּה עֲזָרָ֥נוּ יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyiqqaḥ* *šĕmûʾēl* *ʾeben* one and *wayyāśem* between-the-*miṣpâ* and-between the-*šēn* and *wayyiqrāʾ* *ʾet*-her-name *ʾeben hāʿāzer* and *wayyōʾmar* until-here *ʿăzārānû* *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he took", "*ʾeben*": "noun feminine singular - stone", "*wayyāśem*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he set/placed", "*šēn*": "noun feminine singular with definite article - the tooth/the crag", "*wayyiqrāʾ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he called", "*ʾeben hāʿāzer*": "noun feminine singular construct + proper noun - stone of the help", "*wayyōʾmar*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʿăzārānû*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular with 1st person plural suffix - he has helped us" }, "variants": { "*wayyāśem*": "set/placed/put", "*šēn*": "tooth/sharp rock/crag (possibly a place name)", "*ʾeben hāʿāzer*": "Ebenezer (stone of help)", "*ʿăzārānû*": "helped us/assisted us/supported us" } }
• 1 Sam 14:6-9 : 6 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.14.6", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוֹנָתָ֜ן אֶל־הַנַּ֣עַר ׀ נֹשֵׂ֣א כֵלָ֗יו לְכָה֙ וְנַעְבְּרָ֗ה אֶל־מַצַּב֙ הָעֲרֵלִ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה אוּלַ֛י יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה יְהוָ֖ה לָ֑נוּ כִּ֣י אֵ֤ין לַֽיהוָה֙ מַעְצ֔וֹר לְהוֹשִׁ֥יעַ בְּרַ֖ב א֥וֹ בִמְעָֽט׃", "text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* *Yəhônātān* to-the-*naʿar* *nōśēʾ* *kēlāyw*: *ləkāh* and-*wənaʿbərāh* to-*maṣṣab* the-*ʿărēlîm* the-these; *ʾûlay* *yaʿăśeh* *YHWH* for-us, because nothing for-*YHWH* *maʿṣôr* to-*ləhôšîaʿ* with-*rab* or with-*məʿāṭ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*Yəhônātān*": "proper noun - Jonathan", "*naʿar*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the young man/servant", "*nōśēʾ*": "participle, masculine singular construct - bearer/carrier of", "*kēlāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his weapons/equipment", "*ləkāh*": "imperative, masculine singular - come/go", "*wənaʿbərāh*": "waw-consecutive cohortative, 1st common plural - and let us cross over", "*maṣṣab*": "noun, masculine singular construct - garrison/outpost of", "*ʿărēlîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the uncircumcised", "*ʾûlay*": "adverb - perhaps", "*yaʿăśeh*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, Qal - he will act/work", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*maʿṣôr*": "noun, masculine singular - restraint/hindrance", "*ləhôšîaʿ*": "infinitive construct, Hiphil - to save/deliver", "*rab*": "adjective, masculine singular - many/much", "*məʿāṭ*": "adjective, masculine singular - few/little" }, "variants": { "*naʿar*": "young man/servant/attendant", "*nōśēʾ kēlāyw*": "armor-bearer/weapon-carrier", "*ləkāh*": "come!/go!", "*wənaʿbərāh*": "let us cross over/let us go over", "*maṣṣab*": "garrison/outpost/station", "*ʿărēlîm*": "uncircumcised ones/Philistines (derogatory)", "*ʾûlay*": "perhaps/maybe/possibly", "*yaʿăśeh*": "will act/will work/will do", "*maʿṣôr*": "restraint/hindrance/limitation" } } 7 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.14.7", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לוֹ֙ נֹשֵׂ֣א כֵלָ֔יו עֲשֵׂ֖ה כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר בִּלְבָבֶ֑ךָ נְטֵ֣ה לָ֔ךְ הִנְנִ֥י עִמְּךָ֖ כִּלְבָבֶֽךָ׃ ס", "text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* to-him *nōśēʾ* *kēlāyw*: *ʿăśēh* all-which in-*ləbābêkā*; *nəṭēh* to-you, *hinənî* with-you according-to-*kilbābêkā*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*nōśēʾ*": "participle, masculine singular construct - bearer/carrier of", "*kēlāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his weapons/equipment", "*ʿăśēh*": "imperative, masculine singular, Qal - do", "*ləbābêkā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your heart", "*nəṭēh*": "imperative, masculine singular, Qal - turn/incline", "*hinənî*": "interjection with 1st common singular suffix - behold me", "*kilbābêkā*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - according to your heart" }, "variants": { "*nōśēʾ kēlāyw*": "armor-bearer/weapon-carrier", "*ʿăśēh*": "do/perform/act", "*ləbābêkā*": "your heart/your mind/your will", "*nəṭēh*": "turn/incline/go", "*hinənî*": "here I am/behold me/I am ready", "*kilbābêkā*": "according to your heart/as you wish/as you desire" } } 8 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.14.8", "source": "וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ יְה֣וֹנָתָ֔ן הִנֵּ֛ה אֲנַ֥חְנוּ עֹבְרִ֖ים אֶל־הָאֲנָשִׁ֑ים וְנִגְלִ֖ינוּ אֲלֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And-*wayyōʾmer* *Yəhônātān*: *hinnēh* we *ʿōbərîm* to-the-*ʾănāšîm* and-*wəniglînû* to-them.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*Yəhônātān*": "proper noun - Jonathan", "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/look", "*ʿōbərîm*": "participle, masculine plural, Qal - crossing over", "*ʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the men", "*wəniglînû*": "waw-consecutive perfect, 1st common plural, Niphal - and we will reveal ourselves" }, "variants": { "*hinnēh*": "behold/look/see", "*ʿōbərîm*": "crossing over/passing over/going across", "*ʾănāšîm*": "men/people/soldiers", "*wəniglînû*": "we will reveal ourselves/we will show ourselves/we will be exposed" } } 9 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.14.9", "source": "אִם־כֹּ֤ה יֹֽאמְרוּ֙ אֵלֵ֔ינוּ דֹּ֕מּוּ עַד־הַגִּיעֵ֖נוּ אֲלֵיכֶ֑ם וְעָמַ֣דְנוּ תַחְתֵּ֔ינוּ וְלֹ֥א נַעֲלֶ֖ה אֲלֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "If-thus *yōʾmərû* to-us: *dōmmû* until-*haggîʿēnû* to-you; and-*wəʿāmadnû* *taḥtênû* and-not *naʿăleh* to-them.", "grammar": { "*yōʾmərû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, Qal - they will say", "*dōmmû*": "imperative, masculine plural, Qal - be still/wait", "*haggîʿēnû*": "infinitive construct with 1st common plural suffix - our reaching", "*wəʿāmadnû*": "waw-consecutive perfect, 1st common plural, Qal - and we will stand", "*taḥtênû*": "preposition with 1st common plural suffix - under us/in our place", "*naʿăleh*": "imperfect, 1st common plural, Qal - we will go up" }, "variants": { "*yōʾmərû*": "they will say/they say/if they say", "*dōmmû*": "be still/wait/stand in place", "*haggîʿēnû*": "our reaching/our arriving/our coming", "*wəʿāmadnû*": "we will stand/we will stay/we will remain", "*taḥtênû*": "under us/in our place/where we are", "*naʿăleh*": "we will go up/we will ascend/we will climb" } } 10 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.14.10", "source": "וְאִם־כֹּ֨ה יֹאמְר֜וּ עֲל֤וּ עָלֵ֙ינוּ֙ וְעָלִ֔ינוּ כִּֽי־נְתָנָ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה בְּיָדֵ֑נוּ וְזֶה־לָּ֖נוּ הָאֽוֹת׃", "text": "And-if-thus *yōʾmərû*: *ʿălû* upon-us; and-*wəʿālînû*, because-*nətānām* *YHWH* in-*yādēnû*, and-this-for-us the-*ʾôt*.", "grammar": { "*yōʾmərû*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, Qal - they will say", "*ʿălû*": "imperative, masculine plural, Qal - go up", "*wəʿālînû*": "waw-consecutive perfect, 1st common plural, Qal - and we will go up", "*nətānām*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix, Qal - he has given them", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*yādēnû*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st common plural suffix - our hand", "*ʾôt*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the sign" }, "variants": { "*yōʾmərû*": "they will say/they say/if they say", "*ʿălû*": "go up/come up/ascend", "*wəʿālînû*": "we will go up/we will ascend/we will climb", "*nətānām*": "he has given them/he has delivered them", "*yādēnû*": "our hand/our power/our control", "*ʾôt*": "sign/signal/omen" } }
• 1 Sam 17:47 : 47 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.17.47", "source": "וְיֵֽדְעוּ֙ כָּל־הַקָּהָ֣ל הַזֶּ֔ה כִּֽי־לֹ֛א בְּחֶ֥רֶב וּבַחֲנִ֖ית יְהוֹשִׁ֣יעַ יְהוָ֑ה כִּ֤י לַֽיהוָה֙ הַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה וְנָתַ֥ן אֶתְכֶ֖ם בְּיָדֵֽנוּ׃", "text": "and-*yēdəʿû* all-the-*qāhāl* the-*zeh* that-not with-*ḥereb* and-with-*ḥănît* *yəhôšîaʿ* *YHWH* for to-*YHWH* the-*milḥāmāh* and-*nātan* *ʾetkem* in-*yād*-our", "grammar": { "*yēdəʿû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd plural - they will know", "*qāhāl*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - assembly/congregation", "*zeh*": "demonstrative adjective, masculine singular - this", "*ḥereb*": "noun, feminine singular - sword", "*ḥănît*": "noun, feminine singular - spear", "*yəhôšîaʿ*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he saves/delivers", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD (divine name)", "*milḥāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the battle/war", "*nātan*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will give", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker with 2nd masculine plural suffix - you (plural)", "*yād*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st plural suffix - our hand" }, "variants": { "*qāhāl*": "assembly/congregation/group", "*yəhôšîaʿ*": "saves/delivers/rescues", "*milḥāmāh*": "battle/war/fight" } }
• 2 Sam 7:10 : 10 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.7.10", "source": "וְשַׂמְתִּ֣י מָ֠קוֹם לְעַמִּ֨י לְיִשְׂרָאֵ֤ל וּנְטַעְתִּיו֙ וְשָׁכַ֣ן תַּחְתָּ֔יו וְלֹ֥א יִרְגַּ֖ז ע֑וֹד וְלֹֽא־יֹסִ֤יפוּ בְנֵֽי־עַוְלָה֙ לְעַנּוֹת֔וֹ כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר בָּרִאשׁוֹנָֽה׃", "text": "And *wəśamtî* *māqôm* for *ʿammî* for *yiśrāʾēl* and *ûnəṭaʿtîw* and *wəšāḵan* under him, and *lōʾ* *yirgaz* again, and *lōʾ-yôsîpû* *ḇənê-ʿawlāh* to *ləʿannôṯô* as *kaʾăšer* at first.", "grammar": { "*wəśamtî*": "waw-consecutive + verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - 'and I will set/appoint'", "*māqôm*": "noun, masculine singular - 'place'", "*ʿammî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - 'my people'", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - 'Israel'", "*ûnəṭaʿtîw*": "waw-conjunction + verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'and I will plant him'", "*wəšāḵan*": "waw-consecutive + verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he will dwell'", "*taḥtāyw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'under him/in his place'", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - 'not'", "*yirgaz*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'he will be disturbed'", "*yôsîpû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - 'they will continue/add'", "*ḇənê-ʿawlāh*": "noun construct + noun - 'sons of injustice/wickedness'", "*ləʿannôṯô*": "preposition + verb, piel infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'to afflict him'", "*kaʾăšer*": "conjunction - 'as/like'" }, "variants": { "*māqôm*": "place/location/site", "*ûnəṭaʿtîw*": "and I will plant him/and I will establish him firmly", "*yirgaz*": "be disturbed/be troubled/be agitated", "*ḇənê-ʿawlāh*": "sons of wickedness/wicked people/unjust ones", "*ləʿannôṯô*": "to afflict him/to oppress him/to humiliate him" } }
• Ps 40:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Psalms.40.14", "source": "רְצֵ֣ה יְ֭הוָה לְהַצִּילֵ֑נִי יְ֝הוָ֗ה לְעֶזְרָ֥תִי חֽוּשָׁה", "text": "*Rəṣēh YHWH ləhaṣṣîlēnî*; *YHWH ləʿezrātî* *ḥûšâ*", "grammar": { "*Rəṣēh*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - 'be pleased/willing'", "*YHWH*": "proper divine name", "*ləhaṣṣîlēnî*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct with 1st person singular object suffix - 'to deliver me'", "*ləʿezrātî*": "preposition + feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - 'to my help'", "*ḥûšâ*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - 'hasten/hurry'" }, "variants": { "*Rəṣēh*": "be pleased/be willing/take delight", "*ləhaṣṣîlēnî*": "to deliver me/to rescue me/to save me", "*ləʿezrātî*": "to my help/for my assistance", "*ḥûšâ*": "hasten/hurry/make haste" } }
• Ps 53:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Psalms.53.5", "source": "הֲלֹ֥א יָדְעוּ֮ פֹּ֤עֲלֵ֫י אָ֥וֶן אֹכְלֵ֣י עַ֭מִּי אָ֣כְלוּ לֶ֑חֶם אֱ֝לֹהִ֗ים לֹ֣א קָרָֽאוּ׃", "text": "Do-not *yādəʿû* *pōʿălê* *ʾāwen* *ʾōkəlê* *ʿammî* *ʾākəlû* *leḥem* *ʾĕlōhîm* not *qārāʾû*", "grammar": { "*hălōʾ*": "interrogative particle + negative particle - do not?/have not?", "*yādəʿû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - they knew/have known", "*pōʿălê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - workers of", "*ʾāwen*": "noun, masculine singular - iniquity/evil", "*ʾōkəlê*": "participle, qal active, masculine plural construct - eaters of", "*ʿammî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my people", "*ʾākəlû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - they ate/devoured", "*leḥem*": "noun, masculine singular - bread/food", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God/gods", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*qārāʾû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - they called/invoked" }, "variants": { "*pōʿălê*": "workers/doers/practitioners", "*ʾāwen*": "iniquity/evil/wickedness/trouble", "*leḥem*": "bread/food/sustenance", "*qārāʾû*": "called/invoked/summoned" } }
• Ps 83:1-9 : 1 { "verseID": "Psalms.83.1", "source": "שִׁ֖יר מִזְמ֣וֹר לְאָסָֽף׃", "text": "*šîr* *mizmôr* *leʾāsāp̄*", "grammar": { "*šîr*": "masculine singular construct - song of", "*mizmôr*": "masculine singular absolute - psalm/melody", "*leʾāsāp̄*": "preposition lamed + proper noun - for/belonging to Asaph" }, "variants": { "*šîr*": "song/hymn/musical composition", "*mizmôr*": "psalm/melody/musical composition", "*leʾāsāp̄*": "for/belonging to/attributed to Asaph" } } 2 { "verseID": "Psalms.83.2", "source": "אֱלֹהִ֥ים אַל־דֳּמִי־לָ֑ךְ אַל־תֶּחֱרַ֖שׁ וְאַל־תִּשְׁקֹ֣ט אֵֽל׃", "text": "*ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾal-domî-lāḵ* *ʾal-teḥĕraš* *weʾal-tišqōṭ* *ʾēl*", "grammar": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - God (with singular meaning)", "*ʾal-domî-lāḵ*": "negative particle + noun construct + preposition with 2ms suffix - not silence to you", "*ʾal-teḥĕraš*": "negative particle + 2ms Qal jussive - do not be silent/deaf", "*weʾal-tišqōṭ*": "conjunction + negative particle + 2ms Qal jussive - and do not be still/quiet", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - God/Mighty One" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings", "*domî*": "silence/stillness/rest", "*ḥāraš*": "be silent/deaf/inactive", "*šāqaṭ*": "be quiet/still/at rest", "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/mighty one" } } 3 { "verseID": "Psalms.83.3", "source": "כִּֽי־הִנֵּ֣ה א֭וֹיְבֶיךָ יֶהֱמָי֑וּן וּ֝מְשַׂנְאֶ֗יךָ נָ֣שְׂאוּ רֹֽאשׁ׃", "text": "*kî-hinnēh* *ʾôyḇêḵā* *yehĕmāyûn* *ûmeśanʾêḵā* *nāśʾû* *rōʾš*", "grammar": { "*kî-hinnēh*": "conjunction + demonstrative particle - for behold/indeed", "*ʾôyḇêḵā*": "masculine plural noun + 2ms suffix - your enemies", "*yehĕmāyûn*": "3mp Qal imperfect with paragogic nun - they make noise/are in an uproar", "*ûmeśanʾêḵā*": "conjunction + masculine plural Piel participle + 2ms suffix - and those hating you", "*nāśʾû*": "3cp Qal perfect - they have lifted up", "*rōʾš*": "masculine singular noun - head" }, "variants": { "*hāmāh*": "make noise/be in uproar/growl/roar", "*śānēʾ*": "hate/despise", "*nāśāʾ* *rōʾš*": "lift up head (idiom for rebellion/pride/exaltation)" } } 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.83.4", "source": "עַֽל־עַ֭מְּךָ יַעֲרִ֣ימוּ ס֑וֹד וְ֝יִתְיָעֲצ֗וּ עַל־צְפוּנֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*ʿal-ʿammeḵā* *yaʿărîmû* *sôd* *weyityāʿăṣû* *ʿal-ṣep̄ûnêḵā*", "grammar": { "*ʿal-ʿammeḵā*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 2ms suffix - against your people", "*yaʿărîmû*": "3mp Hiphil imperfect - they make crafty/cunning", "*sôd*": "masculine singular noun - secret council/plan", "*weyityāʿăṣû*": "conjunction + 3mp Hithpael imperfect - and they consult together", "*ʿal-ṣep̄ûnêḵā*": "preposition + masculine plural passive participle + 2ms suffix - against your hidden/treasured ones" }, "variants": { "*ʿāram*": "be crafty/shrewd/cunning", "*sôd*": "secret council/assembly/plan", "*yāʿaṣ*": "advise/consult/plan together", "*ṣāp̄an*": "hide/treasure/store up" } } 5 { "verseID": "Psalms.83.5", "source": "אָמְר֗וּ לְ֭כוּ וְנַכְחִידֵ֣ם מִגּ֑וֹי וְלֹֽא־יִזָּכֵ֖ר שֵֽׁם־יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל עֽוֹד׃", "text": "*ʾāmerû* *leḵû* *wenaḵḥîdēm* *miggôy* *welōʾ-yizzāḵēr* *šēm-yiśrāʾēl* *ʿôd*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmerû*": "3cp Qal perfect - they have said", "*leḵû*": "2mp Qal imperative - come/go", "*wenaḵḥîdēm*": "conjunction + 1cp Hiphil imperfect + 3mp suffix - and let us cut them off", "*miggôy*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - from being a nation", "*welōʾ-yizzāḵēr*": "conjunction + negative particle + 3ms Niphal imperfect - and will not be remembered", "*šēm-yiśrāʾēl*": "masculine singular construct + proper noun - name of Israel", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - still/anymore" }, "variants": { "*kāḥad*": "hide/conceal/cut off/destroy", "*gôy*": "nation/people", "*zāḵar*": "remember/mention/recall", "*šēm*": "name/reputation" } } 6 { "verseID": "Psalms.83.6", "source": "כִּ֤י נוֹעֲצ֣וּ לֵ֣ב יַחְדָּ֑ו עָ֝לֶ֗יךָ בְּרִ֣ית יִכְרֹֽתוּ׃", "text": "*kî* *nôʿăṣû* *lēḇ* *yaḥdāw* *ʿālêḵā* *berît* *yiḵrōtû*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*nôʿăṣû*": "3cp Niphal perfect - they have consulted together", "*lēḇ*": "masculine singular noun - heart/mind", "*yaḥdāw*": "adverb - together/unitedly", "*ʿālêḵā*": "preposition + 2ms suffix - against you", "*berît*": "feminine singular noun - covenant", "*yiḵrōtû*": "3mp Qal imperfect - they cut/make" }, "variants": { "*yāʿaṣ*": "advise/consult/plan", "*lēḇ*": "heart/mind/inner self", "*kārat* *berît*": "cut a covenant (idiom for making an agreement/alliance)" } } 7 { "verseID": "Psalms.83.7", "source": "אָהֳלֵ֣י אֱ֭דוֹם וְיִשְׁמְעֵאלִ֗ים מוֹאָ֥ב וְהַגְרֽ͏ִים׃", "text": "*ʾohŏlê* *ʾĕdôm* *weyišmeʿēlîm* *môʾāḇ* *wehagˈrîm*", "grammar": { "*ʾohŏlê*": "masculine plural construct - tents of", "*ʾĕdôm*": "proper noun - Edom", "*weyišmeʿēlîm*": "conjunction + proper noun plural - and Ishmaelites", "*môʾāḇ*": "proper noun - Moab", "*wehagˈrîm*": "conjunction + proper noun plural - and Hagrites" }, "variants": { "*ʾōhel*": "tent/dwelling/habitation", "*ʾĕdôm*": "Edom (nation descended from Esau)", "*yišmeʿēlîm*": "Ishmaelites (descendants of Ishmael)", "*môʾāḇ*": "Moab (nation descended from Lot)", "*hagˈrîm*": "Hagrites (Arabian tribe)" } } 8 { "verseID": "Psalms.83.8", "source": "גְּבָ֣ל וְ֭עַמּוֹן וַעֲמָלֵ֑ק פְּ֝לֶ֗שֶׁת עִם־יֹ֥שְׁבֵי צֽוֹר׃", "text": "*geḇāl* *weʿammôn* *waʿămālēq* *pelešet* *ʿim-yōšeḇê* *ṣôr*", "grammar": { "*geḇāl*": "proper noun - Gebal", "*weʿammôn*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Ammon", "*waʿămālēq*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Amalek", "*pelešet*": "proper noun - Philistia", "*ʿim-yōšeḇê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct Qal participle - with inhabitants of", "*ṣôr*": "proper noun - Tyre" }, "variants": { "*geḇāl*": "Gebal (region south of Dead Sea or in Lebanon)", "*ʿammôn*": "Ammon (nation descended from Lot)", "*ʿămālēq*": "Amalek (nomadic tribe)", "*pelešet*": "Philistia (coastal region)", "*yāšaḇ*": "dwell/sit/remain", "*ṣôr*": "Tyre (Phoenician city)" } } 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.83.9", "source": "גַּם־אַ֭שּׁוּר נִלְוָ֣ה עִמָּ֑ם הָ֤י֥וּ זְר֖וֹעַ לִבְנֵי־ל֣וֹט סֶֽלָה׃", "text": "*gam-ʾaššûr* *nilwâ* *ʿimmām* *hāyû* *zerôaʿ* *liḇnê-lôṭ* *selâ*", "grammar": { "*gam-ʾaššûr*": "adverb + proper noun - also Assyria", "*nilwâ*": "3ms Niphal perfect - has joined", "*ʿimmām*": "preposition + 3mp suffix - with them", "*hāyû*": "3cp Qal perfect - they have become", "*zerôaʿ*": "feminine singular noun - arm/strength/support", "*liḇnê-lôṭ*": "preposition + masculine plural construct + proper noun - for sons of Lot", "*selâ*": "musical or liturgical term - selah" }, "variants": { "*ʾaššûr*": "Assyria (empire to the northeast)", "*lāwâ*": "join/attach/accompany", "*zerôaʿ*": "arm/strength/support/help", "*benê-lôṭ*": "sons of Lot (referring to Moab and Ammon)", "*selâ*": "musical pause/interlude/emphasis" } } 10 { "verseID": "Psalms.83.10", "source": "עֲשֵֽׂה־לָהֶ֥ם כְּמִדְיָ֑ן כְּֽסִֽיסְרָ֥א כְ֝יָבִ֗ין בְּנַ֣חַל קִישֽׁוֹן׃", "text": "*ʿăśêh-lāhem* *kemidyān* *kesîserāʾ* *keyāḇîn* *benaḥal* *qîšôn*", "grammar": { "*ʿăśêh-lāhem*": "2ms Qal imperative + preposition + 3mp suffix - do to them", "*kemidyān*": "preposition + proper noun - as to Midian", "*kesîserāʾ*": "preposition + proper noun - as to Sisera", "*keyāḇîn*": "preposition + proper noun - as to Jabin", "*benaḥal*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - in stream of", "*qîšôn*": "proper noun - Kishon" }, "variants": { "*ʿāśâ*": "do/make/act", "*midyān*": "Midian (defeated by Gideon, Judges 7)", "*sîserāʾ*": "Sisera (Canaanite commander defeated by Barak, Judges 4)", "*yāḇîn*": "Jabin (Canaanite king, Judges 4)", "*naḥal*": "stream/wadi/valley", "*qîšôn*": "Kishon (river where Sisera was defeated)" } } 11 { "verseID": "Psalms.83.11", "source": "נִשְׁמְד֥וּ בְֽעֵין־דֹּ֑אר הָ֥יוּ דֹ֝֗מֶן לָאֲדָמָֽה׃", "text": "*nišmedû* *beʿên-dōʾr* *hāyû* *dōmen* *lāʾădāmâ*", "grammar": { "*nišmedû*": "3cp Niphal perfect - they were destroyed", "*beʿên-dōʾr*": "preposition + noun construct + proper noun - at En-dor", "*hāyû*": "3cp Qal perfect - they became", "*dōmen*": "masculine singular noun - dung/manure/refuse", "*lāʾădāmâ*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - for the ground" }, "variants": { "*šāmad*": "destroy/exterminate/annihilate", "*ʿên-dōʾr*": "En-dor (place near Mount Tabor)", "*dōmen*": "dung/manure/refuse", "*ʾădāmâ*": "ground/land/soil" } } 12 { "verseID": "Psalms.83.12", "source": "שִׁיתֵ֣מוֹ נְ֭דִיבֵמוֹ כְּעֹרֵ֣ב וְכִזְאֵ֑ב וּֽכְזֶ֥בַח וּ֝כְצַלְמֻנָּ֗ע כָּל־נְסִיכֵֽמוֹ׃", "text": "*šîtēmô* *neḏîḇēmô* *keʿōrēḇ* *weḵizʾēḇ* *ûḵezeḇaḥ* *ûḵeṣalmunnāʿ* *kol-nesîḵēmô*", "grammar": { "*šîtēmô*": "2ms Qal imperative + 3mp suffix (archaic) - make them", "*neḏîḇēmô*": "masculine plural noun + 3mp suffix (archaic) - their nobles", "*keʿōrēḇ*": "preposition + proper noun - like Oreb", "*weḵizʾēḇ*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun - and like Zeeb", "*ûḵezeḇaḥ*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun - and like Zebah", "*ûḵeṣalmunnāʿ*": "conjunction + preposition + proper noun - and like Zalmunna", "*kol-nesîḵēmô*": "construct + masculine plural noun + 3mp suffix (archaic) - all their princes" }, "variants": { "*šît*": "put/place/make", "*nāḏîḇ*": "noble/prince/willing one", "*ʿōrēḇ*": "Oreb (Midianite prince, Judges 7:25)", "*zʾēḇ*": "Zeeb (Midianite prince, Judges 7:25)", "*zeḇaḥ*": "Zebah (Midianite king, Judges 8)", "*ṣalmunnāʿ*": "Zalmunna (Midianite king, Judges 8)", "*nāsîḵ*": "prince/ruler/drink offering" } } 13 { "verseID": "Psalms.83.13", "source": "אֲשֶׁ֣ר אָ֭מְרוּ נִ֣ירֲשָׁה לָּ֑נוּ אֵ֝֗ת נְא֣וֹת אֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "*ʾăšer* *ʾāmerû* *nîrăšâ* *lānû* *ʾēt* *neʾôt* *ʾĕlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who", "*ʾāmerû*": "3cp Qal perfect - they said", "*nîrăšâ*": "1cp Qal imperfect cohortative - let us take possession", "*lānû*": "preposition + 1cp suffix - for ourselves", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*neʾôt*": "feminine plural construct - pastures of/dwellings of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - God" }, "variants": { "*yāraš*": "possess/inherit/dispossess", "*nāʾâ*": "pasture/meadow/dwelling-place", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings", "*neʾôt* *ʾĕlōhîm*": "pastures of God/habitations of God (possibly referring to the promised land)" } } 14 { "verseID": "Psalms.83.14", "source": "אֱ‍ֽלֹהַ֗י שִׁיתֵ֥מוֹ כַגַּלְגַּ֑ל כְּ֝קַ֗שׁ לִפְנֵי־רֽוּחַ׃", "text": "*ʾĕlōhay* *šîtēmô* *ḵaggalggal* *keqaš* *lip̄nê-rûaḥ*", "grammar": { "*ʾĕlōhay*": "masculine plural noun + 1cs suffix - my God", "*šîtēmô*": "2ms Qal imperative + 3mp suffix (archaic) - make them", "*ḵaggalggal*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - like the whirling dust", "*keqaš*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - like chaff/stubble", "*lip̄nê-rûaḥ*": "preposition + plural construct + feminine singular noun - before wind" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōah*": "God/deity", "*šît*": "put/place/make", "*galggal*": "wheel/whirling dust/tumbleweed", "*qaš*": "chaff/stubble/straw", "*rûaḥ*": "wind/breath/spirit" } } 15 { "verseID": "Psalms.83.15", "source": "כְּאֵ֥שׁ תִּבְעַר־יָ֑עַר וּ֝כְלֶהָבָ֗ה תְּלַהֵ֥ט הָרִֽים׃", "text": "*keʾēš* *tiḇʿar-yāʿar* *ûḵelehāḇâ* *telaheṭ* *hārîm*", "grammar": { "*keʾēš*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - like fire", "*tiḇʿar-yāʿar*": "3fs Qal imperfect + masculine singular noun - burns forest", "*ûḵelehāḇâ*": "conjunction + preposition + feminine singular noun - and like flame", "*telaheṭ*": "3fs Piel imperfect - sets ablaze", "*hārîm*": "masculine plural noun - mountains" }, "variants": { "*ʾēš*": "fire", "*bāʿar*": "burn/consume/kindle", "*yāʿar*": "forest/thicket/woods", "*lehāḇâ*": "flame/blaze", "*lāhaṭ*": "set ablaze/burn/consume", "*har*": "mountain/hill" } } 16 { "verseID": "Psalms.83.16", "source": "כֵּ֭ן תִּרְדְּפֵ֣ם בְּסַעֲרֶ֑ךָ וּבְסוּפָתְךָ֥ תְבַהֲלֵֽם׃", "text": "*kēn* *tirdepp̄ēm* *besaʿăreḵā* *ûḇesûp̄āteḵā* *teḇahălēm*", "grammar": { "*kēn*": "adverb - thus/so", "*tirdepp̄ēm*": "2ms Qal imperfect + 3mp suffix - you will pursue them", "*besaʿăreḵā*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 2ms suffix - with your storm", "*ûḇesûp̄āteḵā*": "conjunction + preposition + feminine singular noun + 2ms suffix - and with your tempest", "*teḇahălēm*": "2ms Piel imperfect + 3mp suffix - you will terrify them" }, "variants": { "*rādap̄*": "pursue/chase/follow after", "*saʿar*": "storm/tempest/whirlwind", "*sûp̄â*": "storm/whirlwind/tempest", "*bāhal*": "disturb/terrify/dismay/hasten" } } 17 { "verseID": "Psalms.83.17", "source": "מַלֵּ֣א פְנֵיהֶ֣ם קָל֑וֹן וִֽיבַקְשׁ֖וּ שִׁמְךָ֣ יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*mallēʾ* *p̄enêhem* *qālôn* *wîḇaqšû* *šimḵā* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*mallēʾ*": "2ms Piel imperative - fill", "*p̄enêhem*": "masculine plural noun + 3mp suffix - their faces", "*qālôn*": "masculine singular noun - shame/disgrace", "*wîḇaqšû*": "conjunction + 3mp Piel imperfect - and they will seek", "*šimḵā*": "masculine singular noun + 2ms suffix - your name", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD" }, "variants": { "*mālēʾ*": "fill/be full", "*pānîm*": "face/presence/surface", "*qālôn*": "shame/dishonor/disgrace", "*bāqaš*": "seek/search for/inquire", "*šēm*": "name/reputation" } } 18 { "verseID": "Psalms.83.18", "source": "יֵבֹ֖שׁוּ וְיִבָּהֲל֥וּ עֲדֵי־עַ֗ד וְֽיַחְפְּר֥וּ וְיֹאבֵֽדוּ׃", "text": "*yēḇōšû* *weyibbāhălû* *ʿădê-ʿad* *weyaḥperû* *weyōʾḇēdû*", "grammar": { "*yēḇōšû*": "3mp Qal imperfect - they will be ashamed", "*weyibbāhălû*": "conjunction + 3mp Niphal imperfect - and they will be dismayed", "*ʿădê-ʿad*": "preposition + noun - forever/until eternity", "*weyaḥperû*": "conjunction + 3mp Qal imperfect - and they will be disgraced", "*weyōʾḇēdû*": "conjunction + 3mp Qal imperfect - and they will perish" }, "variants": { "*bôš*": "be ashamed/disappointed/confounded", "*bāhal*": "be dismayed/terrified/panic", "*ʿădê-ʿad*": "forever/perpetually/eternally", "*ḥāp̄ēr*": "be ashamed/disgraced/confounded", "*ʾāḇad*": "perish/be destroyed/be lost" } }
• Ps 132:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Psalms.132.18", "source": "א֭וֹיְבָיו אַלְבִּ֣ישׁ בֹּ֑שֶׁת וְ֝עָלָ֗יו יָצִ֥יץ נִזְרֽוֹ׃", "text": "*ʾôyəbāyw* *ʾalbîš* *bōšet* and-upon-him *yāṣîṣ* *nizrô*", "grammar": { "*ʾôyəbāyw*": "plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his enemies", "*ʾalbîš*": "hiphil imperfect, 1st singular - I will clothe", "*bōšet*": "noun - shame", "*yāṣîṣ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it will bloom/flourish", "*nizrô*": "noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his crown" }, "variants": { "*bōšet*": "shame/disgrace/humiliation", "*yāṣîṣ*": "will bloom/will flourish/will shine", "*nizrô*": "his crown/his consecration/his diadem" } }
• Ps 136:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Psalms.136.24", "source": "וַיִּפְרְקֵ֥נוּ מִצָּרֵ֑ינוּ כִּ֖י לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּֽוֹ", "text": "*wayyiprəqēnû* from-*ṣārênû* because to-*ʿôlām* *ḥasdô*", "grammar": { "*wayyiprəqēnû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive and 1st person plural suffix - and he rescued us", "*ṣārênû*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person plural suffix and prefixed preposition min - from our adversaries", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - to/for eternity/forever", "*ḥasdô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular possessive suffix - his steadfast love/mercy/kindness" }, "variants": { "*wayyiprəqēnû*": "and he rescued us/delivered us/tore us away", "*ṣārênû*": "our adversaries/our enemies/our foes", "*ʿôlām*": "eternity/long duration/antiquity", "*ḥasdô*": "his steadfast love/mercy/kindness/covenant faithfulness" } }
• Ps 140:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Psalms.140.7", "source": "אָמַ֣רְתִּי לַ֭יהוָה אֵ֣לִי אָ֑תָּה הַאֲזִ֥ינָה יְ֝הוָ֗ה ק֣וֹל תַּחֲנוּנָֽי׃", "text": "*ʾāmartî* to-*YHWH* *ʾēlî* *ʾāttāh* *haʾăzînāh* *YHWH* *qôl* *taḥănûnāy*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmartî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular verb - I said", "*YHWH*": "divine name with prefixed preposition lamed (to) - to the LORD", "*ʾēlî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my God", "*ʾāttāh*": "2nd person masculine singular pronoun - you", "*haʾăzînāh*": "hifil imperative masculine singular verb - give ear/listen", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*qôl*": "masculine singular construct noun - voice of", "*taḥănûnāy*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my supplications" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmartî*": "I said/I declared", "*ʾēlî*": "my God/my deity/my strong one", "*haʾăzînāh*": "give ear/listen attentively/hear", "*qôl*": "voice/sound", "*taḥănûnāy*": "my supplications/my pleadings/my appeals for favor" } }
• Ps 144:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Psalms.144.10", "source": "הַנּוֹתֵ֥ן תְּשׁוּעָ֗ה לַמְּלָ֫כִ֥ים הַ֭פּוֹצֶה אֶת־דָּוִ֥ד עַבְדּ֗וֹ מֵחֶ֥רֶב רָעָֽה׃", "text": "The one who *hannôtēn tĕšûʿâ lammĕlākîm*, the one who *happôṣeh ʾet-dāwid ʿabdô mēḥereb rāʿâ*.", "grammar": { "*hannôtēn*": "definite article + Qal participle masculine singular - the one giving", "*tĕšûʿâ*": "noun feminine singular - salvation/deliverance", "*lammĕlākîm*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine plural - to the kings", "*happôṣeh*": "definite article + Qal participle masculine singular - the one delivering", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*dāwid*": "proper noun - David", "*ʿabdô*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his servant", "*mēḥereb*": "preposition + noun feminine singular - from sword", "*rāʿâ*": "adjective feminine singular - evil" }, "variants": { "*hannôtēn*": "the one giving/who gives", "*tĕšûʿâ*": "salvation/deliverance/victory", "*happôṣeh*": "the one delivering/rescuing/freeing", "*ʿabdô*": "his servant/slave", "*ḥereb rāʿâ*": "evil sword/harmful sword/destructive sword" } }