1 {
"verseID": "2Samuel.22.1",
"source": "וַיְדַבֵּ֤ר דָּוִד֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה אֶת־דִּבְרֵ֖י הַשִּׁירָ֣ה הַזֹּ֑את בְּיוֹם֩ הִצִּ֨יל יְהוָ֥ה אֹת֛וֹ מִכַּ֥ף כָּל־אֹיְבָ֖יו וּמִכַּ֥ף שָׁאֽוּל׃",
"text": "And *dābar* *dāwid* to *YHWH* *ʾēt*-*dibrê* *haššîrâ* *hazzōʾt* in *yôm* *hiṣṣîl* *YHWH* *ʾōtô* from *kap* all-*ʾōyebāyw* and from *kap* *šāʾûl*.",
"grammar": {
"*dābar*": "Piel imperfect 3ms with waw-consecutive - spoke",
"*dāwid*": "proper noun - David",
"*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD",
"*ʾēt*": "direct object marker",
"*dibrê*": "construct plural of *dābār* - words of",
"*haššîrâ*": "definite article + feminine noun - the song",
"*hazzōʾt*": "definite article + feminine demonstrative - this",
"*yôm*": "masculine noun - day",
"*hiṣṣîl*": "Hiphil perfect 3ms - delivered/rescued",
"*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker with 3ms suffix - him",
"*kap*": "feminine noun construct - hand/palm of",
"*ʾōyebāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3ms suffix - his enemies",
"*šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul"
},
"variants": {
"*dābar*": "speak, declare, recite",
"*dibrê*": "words, matters, things",
"*haššîrâ*": "song, poem, hymn",
"*kap*": "palm, hand, power"
}
}
2 {
"verseID": "2Samuel.22.2",
"source": "וַיֹּאמַ֑ר יְהוָ֛ה סַֽלְעִ֥י וּמְצֻדָתִ֖י וּמְפַלְטִי־לִֽי׃",
"text": "And *ʾāmar*: *YHWH* *salʿî* and *meṣudātî* and *mepalṭî*-to me.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾāmar*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw-consecutive - he said",
"*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD",
"*salʿî*": "masculine noun with 1cs suffix - my rock",
"*meṣudātî*": "feminine noun with 1cs suffix - my fortress/stronghold",
"*mepalṭî*": "masculine noun with 1cs suffix - my deliverer"
},
"variants": {
"*salʿî*": "my rock, cliff, crag",
"*meṣudātî*": "my fortress, stronghold, castle",
"*mepalṭî*": "my deliverer, rescuer, one who causes escape"
}
}
3 {
"verseID": "2Samuel.22.3",
"source": "אֱלֹהֵ֥י צוּרִ֖י אֶחֱסֶה־בּ֑וֹ מָגִנִּ֞י וְקֶ֣רֶן יִשְׁעִ֗י מִשְׂגַּבִּי֙ וּמְנוּסִ֔י מֹשִׁעִ֕י מֵחָמָ֖ס תֹּשִׁעֵֽנִי׃",
"text": "*ʾĕlōhê* *ṣûrî* *ʾeḥĕsê*-in him, *māginnî* and *qeren* *yišʿî*, *miśgabbî* and *menûsî*, *môšiʿî* from *ḥāmās* *tôšîʿēnî*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct of *ʾĕlōhîm* - God of",
"*ṣûrî*": "masculine noun with 1cs suffix - my rock",
"*ʾeḥĕsê*": "Qal imperfect 1cs - I take refuge",
"*māginnî*": "masculine noun with 1cs suffix - my shield",
"*qeren*": "feminine noun construct - horn of",
"*yišʿî*": "masculine noun with 1cs suffix - my salvation",
"*miśgabbî*": "masculine noun with 1cs suffix - my high tower/stronghold",
"*menûsî*": "masculine noun with 1cs suffix - my refuge",
"*môšiʿî*": "Hiphil participle with 1cs suffix - my savior",
"*ḥāmās*": "masculine noun - violence",
"*tôšîʿēnî*": "Hiphil imperfect 2ms with 1cs suffix - you save me"
},
"variants": {
"*ṣûrî*": "my rock, boulder, cliff",
"*ʾeḥĕsê*": "take refuge, seek shelter, trust",
"*qeren*": "horn, power, strength",
"*yišʿî*": "my salvation, deliverance, victory",
"*miśgabbî*": "my high tower, stronghold, place of security",
"*menûsî*": "my refuge, place to flee, escape",
"*ḥāmās*": "violence, wrong, cruelty"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "2Samuel.22.4",
"source": "מְהֻלָּ֖ל אֶקְרָ֣א יְהוָ֑ה וּמֵאֹיְבַ֖י אִוָּשֵֽׁעַ׃",
"text": "*mehullāl* I *qārāʾ* *YHWH*, and from *ʾōyebay* I *ʾiwwāšēaʿ*.",
"grammar": {
"*mehullāl*": "Pual participle ms - praised",
"*qārāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 1cs - I call",
"*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD",
"*ʾōyebay*": "masculine plural noun with 1cs suffix - my enemies",
"*ʾiwwāšēaʿ*": "Niphal imperfect 1cs - I am saved"
},
"variants": {
"*mehullāl*": "praised, worthy of praise, lauded",
"*qārāʾ*": "call, call upon, cry out",
"*ʾiwwāšēaʿ*": "I am saved, delivered, rescued"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "2Samuel.22.5",
"source": "כִּ֥י אֲפָפֻ֖נִי מִשְׁבְּרֵי־מָ֑וֶת נַחֲלֵ֥י בְלִיַּ֖עַל יְבַעֲתֻֽנִי׃",
"text": "For *ʾăpāpunî* *mišberê*-*māwet*; *naḥălê* *beliyyaʿal* *yebaʿătunî*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾăpāpunî*": "Qal perfect 3cp with 1cs suffix - they encompassed me",
"*mišberê*": "masculine plural construct of *mišbār* - waves of",
"*māwet*": "masculine noun - death",
"*naḥălê*": "masculine plural construct of *naḥal* - torrents of",
"*beliyyaʿal*": "common noun - worthlessness/destruction",
"*yebaʿătunî*": "Piel imperfect 3mp with 1cs suffix - they terrify me"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾăpāpunî*": "surrounded me, encompassed me, engulfed me",
"*mišberê*": "breakers, waves, billows",
"*naḥălê*": "torrents, streams, floods",
"*beliyyaʿal*": "worthlessness, wickedness, destruction",
"*yebaʿătunî*": "terrify me, overwhelm me, frighten me"
}
}