1{
"verseID": "Galatians.1.1",
"source": "¶Παῦλος, ἀπόστολος, (οὐκ ἀπʼ ἀνθρώπων, οὐδὲ διʼ ἀνθρώπου, ἀλλὰ διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, καὶ Θεοῦ Πατρὸς, τοῦ ἐγείραντος αὐτὸν ἐκ νεκρῶν·)",
"text": "*Paulos*, *apostolos*, (*ouk* from *anthrōpōn*, *oude* through *anthrōpou*, *alla* through *Iēsou Christou*, and *Theou Patros*, the one having *egeirantos* him from *nekrōn*;)",
"grammar": {
"*Paulos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - subject of the letter",
"*apostolos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - in apposition to Paulos",
"*ouk*": "negative particle - not",
"*anthrōpōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - source/origin denied",
"*oude*": "negative conjunction - neither/nor",
"*anthrōpou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - agency/mediation denied",
"*alla*": "strong adversative conjunction - but rather",
"*dia*": "preposition with genitive - through/by means of",
"*Iēsou Christou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - agent/means",
"*Theou Patros*": "genitive, masculine, singular - agent/means",
"*tou egeirantos*": "genitive, masculine, singular, aorist active participle - the one who raised",
"*auton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - direct object of raising",
"*ek*": "preposition with genitive - from/out of",
"*nekrōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - the dead ones"
},
"variants": {
"*apostolos*": "one sent forth/messenger/envoy",
"*dia*": "through/by means of/agency",
"*egeirantos*": "raised/awakened/lifted up",
"*nekrōn*": "dead ones/corpses"
}
}
2{
"verseID": "Galatians.1.2",
"source": "Καὶ οἱ σὺν ἐμοὶ πάντες ἀδελφοί, ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις τῆς Γαλατίας:",
"text": "And the *syn* me all *adelphoi*, to the *ekklēsiais* of *Galatias*:",
"grammar": {
"*syn*": "preposition with dative - with/together with",
"*emoi*": "dative, first person singular - with me",
"*pantes*": "nominative, masculine, plural - all",
"*adelphoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - brothers/fellow believers",
"*tais ekklēsiais*": "dative, feminine, plural - indirect object/recipient",
"*tēs Galatias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - possessive/location"
},
"variants": {
"*adelphoi*": "brothers/siblings/fellow believers",
"*ekklēsiais*": "assemblies/congregations/churches",
"*Galatias*": "geographical region in Asia Minor"
}
}
3{
"verseID": "Galatians.1.3",
"source": "Χάρις ὑμῖν καὶ εἰρήνη ἀπὸ Θεοῦ Πατρὸς, καὶ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ,",
"text": "*Charis* to you and *eirēnē* from *Theou Patros*, and *Kyriou* of us *Iēsou Christou*,",
"grammar": {
"*Charis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - subject of greeting formula",
"*hymin*": "dative, second person plural - indirect object/recipient",
"*eirēnē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - second subject of greeting",
"*apo*": "preposition with genitive - from/source",
"*Theou Patros*": "genitive, masculine, singular - source",
"*Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - source",
"*hēmōn*": "genitive, first person plural - possessive",
"*Iēsou Christou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - in apposition to Kyriou"
},
"variants": {
"*Charis*": "grace/favor/kindness",
"*eirēnē*": "peace/harmony/tranquility",
"*Theou*": "God/deity",
"*Patros*": "father/ancestor",
"*Kyriou*": "lord/master/owner"
}
}
4{
"verseID": "Galatians.1.4",
"source": "Τοῦ δόντος ἑαυτὸν ὑπὲρ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ἡμῶν, ὅπως ἐξέληται ἡμᾶς ἐκ τοῦ ἐνεστῶτος αἰῶνος πονηροῦ, κατὰ τὸ θέλημα τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ Πατρὸς ἡμῶν:",
"text": "The one having *dontos* himself *hyper* the *hamartiōn* of us, so that he might *exelētai* us from the *enestōtos aiōnos ponērou*, according to the *thelēma* of the *Theou* and *Patros* of us:",
"grammar": {
"*Tou dontos*": "genitive, masculine, singular, aorist active participle - in apposition to Christou",
"*heauton*": "accusative, masculine, singular, reflexive pronoun - direct object",
"*hyper*": "preposition with genitive - on behalf of/for",
"*tōn hamartiōn*": "genitive, feminine, plural - object of preposition hyper",
"*hēmōn*": "genitive, first person plural - possessive",
"*hopōs*": "conjunction - so that/in order that",
"*exelētai*": "aorist middle subjunctive, 3rd person singular - purpose clause",
"*hēmas*": "accusative, first person plural - direct object of exelētai",
"*ek*": "preposition with genitive - from/out of",
"*tou enestōtos*": "genitive, masculine, singular, perfect active participle - present/current",
"*aiōnos*": "genitive, masculine, singular - age/era",
"*ponērou*": "genitive, masculine, singular, adjective - evil/wicked",
"*kata*": "preposition with accusative - according to/in line with",
"*to thelēma*": "accusative, neuter, singular - object of preposition kata",
"*tou Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - possessive",
"*Patros*": "genitive, masculine, singular - in apposition to Theou",
"*hēmōn*": "genitive, first person plural - possessive"
},
"variants": {
"*dontos*": "given/granted/offered",
"*hyper*": "on behalf of/for/concerning",
"*hamartiōn*": "sins/errors/failures",
"*exelētai*": "deliver/rescue/remove",
"*enestōtos*": "present/current/at hand",
"*aiōnos*": "age/era/world/eternity",
"*ponērou*": "evil/wicked/corrupt",
"*thelēma*": "will/desire/purpose"
}
}
5{
"verseID": "Galatians.1.5",
"source": "ᾯ ἡ δόξα εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.",
"text": "To whom the *doxa* into the *aiōnas* of the *aiōnōn*. *Amēn*.",
"grammar": {
"*Hō*": "dative, masculine, singular, relative pronoun - to whom/for whom",
"*hē doxa*": "nominative, feminine, singular - subject of implied verb 'be'",
"*eis*": "preposition with accusative - into/for",
"*tous aiōnas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - duration of time",
"*tōn aiōnōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - intensifier/superlative",
"*Amēn*": "Hebrew loanword, indeclinable - affirmation"
},
"variants": {
"*doxa*": "glory/honor/praise/splendor",
"*aiōnas*": "ages/eras/eternities",
"*aiōnōn*": "ages/eras/eternities",
"*Amēn*": "truly/certainly/so be it"
}
}