Esther 1:22

KJV1611 – Modern English

For he sent letters into all the king's provinces, into every province according to its writing and to every people according to their language, that every man should rule in his own house and that it should be published according to the language of every people.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח סְפָרִים֙ אֶל־כָּל־מְדִינ֣וֹת הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ אֶל־מְדִינָ֤ה וּמְדִינָה֙ כִּכְתָבָ֔הּ וְאֶל־עַ֥ם וָעָ֖ם כִּלְשׁוֹנ֑וֹ לִהְי֤וֹת כָּל־אִישׁ֙ שֹׂרֵ֣ר בְּבֵית֔וֹ וּמְדַבֵּ֖ר כִּלְשׁ֥וֹן עַמּֽוֹ׃ פ

Transliteration

And wayyišlaḥ səp̄ārîm to all məḏînôṯ the meleḵ, to məḏînâ and məḏînâ according to kiḵṯāḇāh and to ʿam and ʿam according to kilšônô, to lihyôṯ every ʾîš śōrēr in bêṯô and məḏabbēr according to kilšôn ʿammô

Grammar Details

• *wayyišlaḥ*: qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he sent
• *səp̄ārîm*: masculine plural noun - letters/documents
• *məḏînôṯ*: feminine plural construct - provinces of
• *meleḵ*: masculine singular noun with definite article - the king
• *məḏînâ*: feminine singular noun - province
• *kiḵṯāḇāh*: preposition *kə* + masculine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - according to its writing
• *ʿam*: masculine singular noun - people
• *kilšônô*: preposition *kə* + masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - according to its language
• *lihyôṯ*: qal infinitive construct - to be
• *ʾîš*: masculine singular noun - man
• *śōrēr*: qal participle, masculine singular - ruling
• *bêṯô*: masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his house
• *məḏabbēr*: piel participle, masculine singular - speaking
• *kilšôn*: preposition *kə* + masculine singular construct - according to language of
• *ʿammô*: masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his people

Word Meanings

• *səp̄ārîm*: letters/documents/dispatches
• *kiḵṯāḇāh*: according to its script/in its writing/in its script
• *kilšônô*: according to its language/in its tongue
• *śōrēr*: ruling/master/dominant
• *məḏabbēr*: speaking/declaring/proclaiming

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  He sent letters to all the provinces of the kingdom, to each province in its own script and to each people in their own language, announcing that every man should be ruler over his household and speak in his own language.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  For he sent letters into all the king's provinc, into every province according to the writing thereof, and to every people after their language, that every man should bear rule in his own house, and that it should be published according to the language of every people.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  for he sent letters into all the king's provinces, into every province according to the writing thereof, and to every people after their language, that every man should bear rule in his own house, and should speak according to the language of his people.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  For he sent letters into all the king's provinces, into every province according to the writing thereof, and to every people after their language, that every man should bear rule in his own house, and that it should be published according to the language of every people.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Then were there letters sent forth in to all the kynges londes, in to euery londe acordinge to the wrytinge ther of, and to euery people after their laguage, yt euery man shulde be lorde in his awne house. And this caused he be spoken after the language of his people.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  For he sent letters into all the prouinces of the King, into euery prouince according to the writing thereof, and to euery people after their language, that euery man should beare rule in his owne house, and that he should publish it in the language of that same people.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  For he sent letters foorth into all the kinges prouinces, into euery lande according to the wryting therof, and to euery people after their language, that euery man shoulde be lorde in his owne house: and this to be published after the language of his people.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  For he sent letters into all the king's provinces, into every province according to the writing thereof, and to every people after their language, that every man should bear rule in his own house, and that [it] should be published according to the language of every people.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  for he sent letters into all the king's provinces, into every province according to the writing of it, and to every people after their language, that every man should bear rule in his own house, and should speak according to the language of his people.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and sendeth letters unto all provinces of the king, unto province and province according to its writing, and unto people and people according to its tongue, for every man being head in his own house -- and speaking according to the language of his people.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  for he sent letters into all the king's provinces, into every province according to the writing thereof, and to every people after their language, that every man should bear rule in his own house, and should speak according to the language of his people.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  for he sent letters into all the king's provinces, into every province according to the writing thereof, and to every people after their language, that every man should bear rule in his own house, and should speak according to the language of his people.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And sent letters to all the divisions of the kingdom, to every division in the writing commonly used there, and to every people in the language which was theirs, saying that every man was to be the ruler in his house, and that this order was to be given out in the language of his people.

• World English Bible (2000)

  for he sent letters into all the king's provinces, into every province according to its writing, and to every people in their language, that every man should rule his own house, speaking in the language of his own people.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  He sent letters throughout all the royal provinces, to each province according to its own script and to each people according to its own language, that every man should be ruling his family and should be speaking the language of his own people.

Referenced Verses

• Esth 3:12 : 12 Then the king's scribes were called on the thirteenth day of the first month, and it was written according to all that Haman had commanded to the king's lieutenants, and to the governors who were over every province, and to the rulers of every people of every province, according to its writing and to every people in their language; in the name of King Ahasuerus was it written, and sealed with the king's ring.
• Esth 8:9 : 9 Then the king's scribes were called at that time, in the third month, which is the month of Sivan, on the twenty-third day; and it was written according to all that Mordecai commanded to the Jews, and to the governors and officials and rulers of the provinces from India to Ethiopia, one hundred twenty-seven provinces, to every province according to its script, and to every people in their language, and to the Jews in their writing and language.
• Eph 5:22-24 : 22 Wives, submit to your own husbands, as to the Lord. 23 For the husband is the head of the wife, as Christ is also the head of the church: and he is the savior of the body. 24 Therefore just as the church is subject to Christ, so let the wives be to their own husbands in everything.
• 1 Tim 2:12 : 12 But I do not permit a woman to teach or to exercise authority over a man, but to be silent.
• Titus 2:4-5 : 4 That they may teach the young women to be sober, to love their husbands, to love their children, 5 To be discreet, chaste, keepers at home, good, obedient to their own husbands, that the word of God may not be blasphemed.
• Dan 3:29 : 29 Therefore I make a decree, that any people, nation, or language which speaks anything amiss against the God of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego shall be cut in pieces, and their houses shall be made an ash heap, because there is no other God who can deliver in this way.
• Dan 4:1 : 1 Nebuchadnezzar the king, to all peoples, nations, and languages that dwell in all the earth; may peace be multiplied to you.
• Luke 16:8 : 8 And the master commended the unjust steward, because he had done wisely: for the children of this world are in their generation wiser than the children of light.
• Acts 2:5-9 : 5 Now there were dwelling in Jerusalem Jews, devout men, from every nation under heaven. 6 When this sound occurred, the multitude came together and were bewildered, because each one heard them speaking in his own language. 7 They were all amazed and marveled, saying to one another, 'Behold, are not all these who speak Galileans?' 8 How is it that we hear each in our own language in which we were born? 9 Parthians, Medes, Elamites, those dwelling in Mesopotamia, Judea, Cappadocia, Pontus, and Asia, 10 Phrygia, Pamphylia, Egypt, and the parts of Libya adjoining Cyrene, visitors from Rome, both Jews and proselytes, 11 Cretans and Arabs—we hear them speaking in our tongues the wonderful works of God.
• 1 Cor 14:19-20 : 19 Yet in the church, I would rather speak five words with my understanding, that I may teach others also, than ten thousand words in an unknown tongue. 20 Brethren, do not be children in understanding; however, in malice be infants, but in understanding be mature.