Exodus 20:17

KJV1611 – Modern English

You shall not covet your neighbor's house; you shall not covet your neighbor's wife, nor his male servant, nor his female servant, nor his ox, nor his donkey, nor anything that is your neighbor's.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

לֹ֥א תַחְמֹ֖ד בֵּ֣ית רֵעֶ֑ךָ לֹֽא־תַחְמֹ֞ד אֵ֣שֶׁת רֵעֶ֗ךָ וְעַבְדּ֤וֹ וַאֲמָתוֹ֙ וְשׁוֹר֣וֹ וַחֲמֹר֔וֹ וְכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְרֵעֶֽךָ׃

Transliteration

lōʾ ṯaḥmōḏ bêṯ rēʿeḵā lōʾ-ṯaḥmōḏ ʾēsheṯ rēʿeḵā wə-ʿaḇdô wa-ʾămāṯô wə-shôrô wa-ḥămōrô wə-ḵōl ʾăsher lə-rēʿeḵā

Grammar Details

• *lōʾ ṯaḥmōḏ*: negative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall not covet
• *bêṯ*: masculine singular construct - house of
• *rēʿeḵā*: masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your neighbor
• *lōʾ-ṯaḥmōḏ*: negative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall not covet
• *ʾēsheṯ*: feminine singular construct - wife of
• *wə-ʿaḇdô*: conjunction + masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - or his male servant
• *wa-ʾămāṯô*: conjunction + feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - or his female servant
• *wə-shôrô*: conjunction + masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - or his ox
• *wa-ḥămōrô*: conjunction + masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - or his donkey
• *wə-ḵōl*: conjunction + noun construct - or anything
• *ʾăsher*: relative pronoun - that
• *lə-rēʿeḵā*: preposition + masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - [belongs] to your neighbor

Word Meanings

• *ṯaḥmōḏ*: covet/desire strongly/lust after/scheme to acquire
• *bêṯ*: house/household/dwelling place/family
• *ʾēsheṯ*: wife/woman

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  You shall not covet your neighbor's house. You shall not covet your neighbor's wife, or his male servant, or his female servant, or his ox, or his donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's wife, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is thy neighbour's.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's wife, nor his man-servant, nor his maid-servant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor anything that is thy neighbor's.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's wife, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is thy neighbour's.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  Thou shalt not couet thy neghbours housse: nether shalt couet thy neghbours wife, his maservaunte, his mayde, his oxe, his asse or oughte that is his.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Thou shalt not lust after yi neghbours house. Thou shalt not lust after thy neghbours wife, ner his seruaut, ner his mayde, ner his oxe, ner his Asse, ner all that thy neghboure hath

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Thou shalt not couet thy neighbours house, neither shalt thou couet thy neighbours wife, nor his man seruant, nor his mayde, nor his oxe, nor his asse, neyther any thing that is thy neighbours.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Thou shalt not couet thy neyghbours house, neyther shalt thou couet thy neyghbours wyfe, nor his man seruaut, nor his mayde, nor his oxe, nor his asse, or whatsoeuer thy neighbour hath.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's wife, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that [is] thy neighbour's.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  "You shall not covet your neighbor's house. You shall not covet your neighbor's wife, nor his man-servant, nor his maid-servant, nor his ox, nor his donkey, nor anything that is your neighbor's."

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  `Thou dost not desire the house of thy neighbour, thou dost not desire the wife of thy neighbour, or his man-servant, or his handmaid, or his ox, or his ass, or anything which `is' thy neighbour's.'

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's wife, nor his man-servant, nor his maid-servant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor anything that is thy neighbor's.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's wife, nor his man-servant, nor his maid-servant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor anything that is thy neighbor's.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Let not your desire be turned to your neighbour's house, or his wife or his man-servant or his woman-servant or his ox or his ass or anything which is his.

• World English Bible (2000)

  "You shall not covet your neighbor's house. You shall not covet your neighbor's wife, nor his male servant, nor his female servant, nor his ox, nor his donkey, nor anything that is your neighbor's."

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  “You shall not covet your neighbor’s house. You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, nor his male servant, nor his female servant, nor his ox, nor his donkey, nor anything that belongs to your neighbor.”

Referenced Verses

• Rom 13:9 : 9 For the commandments, 'You shall not commit adultery,' 'You shall not murder,' 'You shall not steal,' 'You shall not bear false witness,' 'You shall not covet,' and if there is any other commandment, are all summed up in this saying, namely, 'You shall love your neighbor as yourself.'
• Luke 12:15 : 15 And he said to them, Take heed, and beware of covetousness: for a man's life does not consist in the abundance of the things which he possesses.
• Rom 7:7 : 7 What shall we say then? Is the law sin? Certainly not. Indeed, I would not have known sin except through the law: for I would not have known lust unless the law had said, 'You shall not covet.'
• Heb 13:5 : 5 Let your conduct be without covetousness; be content with what you have. For He has said, 'I will never leave you, nor forsake you.'
• Col 3:5 : 5 Therefore, put to death your members which are upon the earth: fornication, uncleanness, inordinate affection, evil desire, and covetousness, which is idolatry.
• Eph 5:3 : 3 But sexual immorality, and all impurity, or greed, let it not even be mentioned among you, as is proper for saints;
• Matt 5:28 : 28 But I say to you, that whoever looks at a woman to lust after her has already committed adultery with her in his heart.
• Mic 2:2 : 2 They covet fields and take them by violence, and houses, and take them away; so they oppress a man and his house, even a man and his heritage.
• Jer 5:8 : 8 They were like well-fed horses in the morning: everyone neighed after his neighbor's wife.
• Jer 22:17 : 17 But your eyes and your heart are set only on your covetousness, and on shedding innocent blood, and on oppression, and on violence, to do it.
• Ezek 33:31 : 31 And they come to you as people come, and they sit before you as my people, and they hear your words, but they will not do them: for with their mouth they show much love, but their heart goes after their covetousness.
• Amos 2:6-7 : 6 Thus says the LORD: For three transgressions of Israel, and for four, I will not turn away its punishment; because they sold the righteous for silver, and the poor for a pair of shoes: 7 They pant after the dust of the earth on the head of the poor, and turn aside the way of the meek: and a man and his father go in to the same maid, to profane My holy name:
• Hab 2:9 : 9 Woe to him who covets an evil covetousness to his house, that he may set his nest on high, that he may be delivered from the power of evil!
• Matt 20:15 : 15 Is it not lawful for me to do what I will with my own? Is your eye evil, because I am good?
• Eph 5:5 : 5 For this you know, that no sexually immoral, unclean, or greedy person, who is an idolater, has any inheritance in the kingdom of Christ and God.
• 1 Cor 6:10 : 10 Nor thieves, nor covetous, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor extortioners, shall inherit the kingdom of God.
• Luke 16:14 : 14 And the Pharisees also, who were covetous, heard all these things: and they ridiculed him.
• Acts 5:4 : 4 While it remained, was it not your own? And after it was sold, was it not in your own power? Why have you conceived this thing in your heart? You have not lied to men, but to God.
• Acts 20:33 : 33 I have coveted no one's silver or gold or apparel.
• Gen 3:6 : 6 And when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was pleasant to the eyes, and a tree desirable to make one wise, she took of the fruit and ate, and gave also to her husband with her; and he ate.
• Gen 14:23 : 23 that I will not take anything that is yours, from a thread to a sandal strap, lest you should say, 'I have made Abram rich';
• Gen 34:23 : 23 Will not their livestock and their substance and every beast of theirs be ours? Only let us consent to them, and they will dwell with us.
• Josh 7:21 : 21 When I saw among the spoils a beautiful Babylonian garment, and two hundred shekels of silver, and a wedge of gold of fifty shekels weight, then I coveted them, and took them; and, behold, they are hidden in the earth in the midst of my tent, and the silver under it.
• 1 Sam 15:19 : 19 Why then did you not obey the voice of the LORD, but flew upon the spoil, and did evil in the sight of the LORD?
• 2 Sam 11:2-4 : 2 And it happened one evening that David arose from his bed and walked on the roof of the king's house. And from the roof he saw a woman bathing, and the woman was very beautiful to behold. 3 So David sent and inquired about the woman. And someone said, Is this not Bathsheba, the daughter of Eliam, the wife of Uriah the Hittite? 4 Then David sent messengers, and took her; and she came to him, and he lay with her, for she was cleansed from her impurity; and she returned to her house.
• Job 31:1 : 1 I made a covenant with my eyes; why then should I gaze upon a maiden?
• Job 31:9 : 9 If my heart has been deceived by a woman, or if I have lain in wait at my neighbor's door;
• Ps 10:3 : 3 For the wicked boasts of his heart's desire, and blesses the greedy, whom the LORD abhors.
• Ps 119:36 : 36 Incline my heart to Your testimonies, and not to covetousness.
• Prov 4:23 : 23 Keep your heart with all diligence; for out of it are the issues of life.
• Prov 6:24-25 : 24 To keep you from the evil woman, from the flattery of the tongue of a strange woman. 25 Do not lust after her beauty in your heart; neither let her take you with her eyelids.
• Eccl 4:8 : 8 There is one alone, without a second; yes, he has neither child nor brother, yet there is no end to all his labor, nor is his eye satisfied with riches, nor does he ask, 'For whom do I labor and deprive my soul of good?' This is also vanity, yes, it is a grievous toil.
• Eccl 5:10-11 : 10 He who loves silver shall not be satisfied with silver, nor he who loves abundance with increase; this also is vanity. 11 When goods increase, they who eat them increase, and what good is there to the owners, except the beholding of them with their eyes?
• Isa 33:15 : 15 He who walks righteously, and speaks uprightly; he who despises the gain of oppressions, who shakes his hands from holding bribes, who stops his ears from hearing of bloodshed, and shuts his eyes from seeing evil;
• Isa 57:17 : 17 For the iniquity of his covetousness I was angry and struck him; I hid myself and was angry, and he went on stubbornly in the way of his heart.
• 1 Tim 6:6-9 : 6 But godliness with contentment is great gain. 7 For we brought nothing into this world, and it is certain we can carry nothing out. 8 And having food and clothing, let us be content with that. 9 But those who desire to be rich fall into temptation and a snare, and into many foolish and harmful lusts, which drown men in destruction and perdition. 10 For the love of money is the root of all kinds of evil: which while some coveted after, they have strayed from the faith, and pierced themselves through with many sorrows.
• Phil 3:19 : 19 Whose end is destruction, whose god is their stomach, and whose glory is in their shame, who set their mind on earthly things.