Exodus 34:28

KJV1611 – Modern English

And he was there with the LORD forty days and forty nights; he neither ate bread nor drank water. And he wrote on the tablets the words of the covenant, the Ten Commandments.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וֽ͏ַיְהִי־שָׁ֣ם עִם־יְהוָ֗ה אַרְבָּעִ֥ים יוֹם֙ וְאַרְבָּעִ֣ים לַ֔יְלָה לֶ֚חֶם לֹ֣א אָכַ֔ל וּמַ֖יִם לֹ֣א שָׁתָ֑ה וַיִּכְתֹּ֣ב עַל־הַלֻּחֹ֗ת אֵ֚ת דִּבְרֵ֣י הַבְּרִ֔ית עֲשֶׂ֖רֶת הַדְּבָרִֽים׃

Transliteration

wa-yəhî-there with-YHWH ʾarbāʿîm yôm wə-ʾarbāʿîm laylāh leḥem lōʾ ʾākal û-mayim lōʾ šātāh wa-yiktōb on-ha-luḥōt ʾēt dibrê ha-bərît ʿăśeret ha-dəbārîm

Grammar Details

• *wa-yəhî*: conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he was
• *YHWH*: proper name - Yahweh/LORD
• *ʾarbāʿîm*: cardinal number - forty
• *yôm*: masculine singular - day
• *wə-ʾarbāʿîm*: conjunction + cardinal number - and forty
• *laylāh*: masculine singular - night
• *leḥem*: masculine singular - bread
• *lōʾ*: negative particle - not
• *ʾākal*: Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he ate
• *û-mayim*: conjunction + masculine plural - and water
• *šātāh*: Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he drank
• *wa-yiktōb*: conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he wrote
• *ha-luḥōt*: definite article + feminine plural - the tablets
• *ʾēt*: direct object marker
• *dibrê*: masculine plural construct - words of
• *ha-bərît*: definite article + feminine singular - the covenant
• *ʿăśeret*: feminine singular construct - ten of
• *ha-dəbārîm*: definite article + masculine plural - the words

Word Meanings

• *yəhî*: was/existed/remained
• *leḥem*: bread/food
• *ʾākal*: ate/consumed/devoured
• *šātāh*: drank/consumed
• *yiktōb*: wrote/inscribed/recorded
• *luḥōt*: tablets/plates
• *dibrê*: words/matters/things of
• *ʿăśeret*: ten/decade
• *dəbārîm*: words/commandments/sayings

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Moses was there with the LORD for forty days and forty nights. He did not eat any bread or drink any water, and he wrote on the tablets the words of the covenant—the Ten Commandments.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And he was there with the LORD forty days and forty nights; he did neither eat bread, nor drink water. And he wrote upon the tables the words of the covenant, the ten commandments.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And he was there with Jehovah forty days and forty nights; he did neither eat bread, nor drink water. And he wrote upon the tables the words of the covenant, the ten commandments.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And he was there with the LORD forty days and forty nights; he did neither eat bread, nor drink water. And he wrote upon the tables the words of the covenant, the ten commandments.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  And he was there with the Lorde.xl. dayes ad.xl. nyghtes, ad nether ate bred nor dronke water. And he wrote in the tables the wordes of the couenaunt: euen ten verses.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And he was there with the LORDE fourtye dayes and fourtye nightes, and ate no bred, and dranke no water. And he wrote in the tables the wordes of the couenaut, euen ten verses.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  So hee was there with the Lorde fourtie dayes and fourtie nights, and did neither eat bread nor drinke water: and hee wrote in the Tables the wordes of the couenant, euen the tenne commandements.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And he was there with the Lorde fourtie dayes and fourtie nyghtes, and dyd neither eate bread, nor drinke water: and he wrote vpon the tables the wordes of the couenaunt, euen ten commaundementes.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ And he was there with the LORD forty days and forty nights; he did neither eat bread, nor drink water. And he wrote upon the tables the words of the covenant, the ten commandments.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  He was there with Yahweh forty days and forty nights; he neither ate bread, nor drank water. He wrote on the tablets the words of the covenant, the ten commandments.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And he is there with Jehovah forty days and forty nights; bread he hath not eaten, and water he hath not drunk; and he writeth on the tables the matters of the covenant -- the ten matters.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And he was there with Jehovah forty days and forty nights; he did neither eat bread, nor drink water. And he wrote upon the tables the words of the covenant, the ten commandments.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And he was there with Jehovah forty days and forty nights; he did neither eat bread, nor drink water. And he wrote upon the tables the words of the covenant, the ten commandments.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And for forty days and forty nights Moses was there with the Lord, and in that time he had no food or drink. And he put in writing on the stones the words of the agreement, the ten rules of the law.

• World English Bible (2000)

  He was there with Yahweh forty days and forty nights; he neither ate bread, nor drank water. He wrote on the tablets the words of the covenant, the ten commandments.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  So he was there with the LORD forty days and forty nights; he did not eat bread, and he did not drink water. He wrote on the tablets the words of the covenant, the ten commandments.

Referenced Verses

• Exod 34:1 : 1 And the LORD said to Moses, "Carve two tablets of stone like the first ones, and I will write on these tablets the words that were on the first tablets, which you broke."
• Deut 4:13 : 13 And he declared to you his covenant, which he commanded you to perform, the ten commandments; and he wrote them upon two tablets of stone.
• Exod 24:18 : 18 And Moses went into the midst of the cloud, and went up into the mountain: and Moses was in the mountain forty days and forty nights.
• Exod 31:18 : 18 And he gave to Moses, when he had finished speaking with him on Mount Sinai, two tablets of the testimony, tablets of stone, written with the finger of God.
• Exod 32:16 : 16 The tablets were the work of God, and the writing was the writing of God, engraved on the tablets.
• Deut 9:9 : 9 When I went up into the mountain to receive the tablets of stone, even the tablets of the covenant which the LORD made with you, then I stayed on the mountain forty days and forty nights, I neither ate bread nor drank water:
• Deut 9:18 : 18 And I fell down before the LORD, as at the first, forty days and forty nights: I did neither eat bread nor drink water, because of all your sins which you sinned, in doing wickedly in the sight of the LORD, to provoke him to anger.
• Deut 9:25 : 25 So I fell down before the LORD forty days and forty nights, as I fell down at the first; because the LORD had said he would destroy you.
• Deut 10:2-4 : 2 And I will write on the tablets the words that were on the first tablets, which you broke, and you shall put them in the ark. 3 And I made an ark of acacia wood, and carved two tablets of stone like the first, and went up the mountain, having the two tablets in my hand. 4 And he wrote on the tablets, according to the first writing, the ten commandments, which the LORD spoke to you on the mountain out of the midst of the fire on the day of the assembly: and the LORD gave them to me.
• 2 Cor 3:7 : 7 But if the ministry of death, written and engraved on stones, was glorious, so that the children of Israel could not steadily behold the face of Moses because of the glory of his countenance; which glory was to be done away: