Joshua 10:19

KJV1611 – Modern English

And do not stay there, but pursue your enemies, and attack their rear guard. Do not allow them to enter their cities, for the LORD your God has delivered them into your hand.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְאַתֶּם֙ אַֽל־תַּעֲמֹ֔דוּ רִדְפוּ֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י אֹֽיְבֵיכֶ֔ם וְזִנַּבְתֶּ֖ם אוֹתָ֑ם אַֽל־תִּתְּנ֗וּם לָבוֹא֙ אֶל־עָ֣רֵיהֶ֔ם כִּ֧י נְתָנָ֛ם יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם בְּיֶדְכֶֽם׃

Transliteration

And ʾattem not taʿămōdû ridpû after ʾōyəbêkem and wə-zinnabtem them not tittənûm lābôʾ to ʿārêhem because nətānām YHWH ʾĕlōhêkem in yedkem

Grammar Details

• *ʾattem*: 2nd masculine plural pronoun - you
• *taʿămōdû*: Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural with negative particle - do not stand
• *ridpû*: Qal imperative, masculine plural - pursue
• *ʾōyəbêkem*: noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your enemies
• *wə-zinnabtem*: waw consecutive + Piel perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and attack their rear
• *tittənûm*: Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural with negative particle + 3rd masculine plural suffix - do not allow them
• *lābôʾ*: preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to enter/come
• *ʿārêhem*: noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their cities
• *nətānām*: Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - he has given them
• *YHWH*: proper noun - LORD/Yahweh
• *ʾĕlōhêkem*: noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your God
• *yedkem*: noun, feminine singular construct with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your hand

Word Meanings

• *ʾattem*: you (plural)
• *taʿămōdû*: stand/stay/stop
• *ridpû*: pursue/chase/follow
• *ʾōyəbêkem*: your enemies/your adversaries
• *wə-zinnabtem*: attack their rear/cut off their rear/strike their tail
• *tittənûm*: allow them/permit them/let them
• *lābôʾ*: to enter/to come/to go
• *ʿārêhem*: their cities/their towns
• *nətānām*: has given them/has delivered them
• *ʾĕlōhêkem*: your God
• *yedkem*: your hand/your power/your control

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  But as for you, do not stop! Pursue your enemies and attack them from behind. Do not allow them to enter their cities, for the LORD your God has delivered them into your hands.”

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And stay ye not, but pursue after your enemies, and smite the hindmost of them; suffer them not to enter into their cities: for the LORD your God hath delivered them into your hand.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  but stay not ye; pursue after your enemies, and smite the hindmost of them; suffer them not to enter into their cities: for Jehovah your God hath delivered them into your hand.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And stay ye not, but pursue after your enemies, and smite the hindmost of them; suffer them not to enter into their cities: for the LORD your God hath delivered them into your hand.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  As for you, stonde not ye styll, but folowe after youre enemies, and smyte them behynde, and let them not come in their cities, for the LORDE youre God hath delyuered the in to youre hande.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  But stand ye not still: followe after your enemies, and smite all the hindmost, suffer them not to enter into their cities: for the Lorde your God hath giuen them into your hand.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And stand ye not styll, but folowe after your enemies, & smite all the hindmost, and suffer them not to enter into their cities: for the Lorde your God hath deliuered them into your hande.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And stay ye not, [but] pursue after your enemies, and smite the hindmost of them; suffer them not to enter into their cities: for the LORD your God hath delivered them into your hand.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  but don't stay; pursue after your enemies, and strike the hindmost of them; don't allow them to enter into their cities: for Yahweh your God has delivered them into your hand.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and ye, stand not, pursue after your enemies, and ye have smitten the hindmost of them; suffer them not to go in unto their cities, for Jehovah your God hath given them into your hand.'

• American Standard Version (1901)

  but stay not ye; pursue after your enemies, and smite the hindmost of them; suffer them not to enter into their cities: for Jehovah your God hath delivered them into your hand.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  but stay not ye; pursue after your enemies, and smite the hindmost of them; suffer them not to enter into their cities: for Jehovah your God hath delivered them into your hand.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  But do you, without waiting, go after their army, attacking them from the back; do not let them get into their towns, for the Lord your God has given them into your hands.

• World English Bible (2000)

  but don't stay. Pursue your enemies, and them from the rear. Don't allow them to enter into their cities; for Yahweh your God has delivered them into your hand."

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  But don’t you delay! Chase your enemies and catch them! Don’t allow them to retreat to their cities, for the LORD your God is handing them over to you.”

Referenced Verses

• Josh 10:20 : 20 And it happened, when Joshua and the children of Israel finished slaying them with a very great slaughter, until they were consumed, that the rest who remained entered into fortified cities.
• 2 Sam 17:13 : 13 Moreover, if he has entered into a city, then all Israel shall bring ropes to that city, and we will draw it into the river, until there is not one small stone found there.
• 2 Sam 20:6 : 6 And David said to Abishai, Now Sheba the son of Bichri will do us more harm than Absalom did; take your master’s servants and pursue him, lest he find fortified cities and escape from us.
• Ps 18:37-41 : 37 I have pursued my enemies, and overtaken them: neither did I turn back till they were consumed. 38 I have wounded them so that they were not able to rise: they have fallen under my feet. 39 For you have girded me with strength for the battle: you have subdued under me those who rose up against me. 40 You have also given me the necks of my enemies; that I might destroy those who hate me. 41 They cried, but there was none to save them: even to the LORD, but he did not answer them.
• Isa 9:14-15 : 14 Therefore the LORD will cut off from Israel head and tail, branch and rush, in one day. 15 The elder and honorable, he is the head; and the prophet that teaches lies, he is the tail.
• Jer 8:14 : 14 Why do we sit still? Assemble yourselves, let us enter into the fortified cities, and let us be silent there: for the LORD our God has put us to silence, and given us bitter water to drink, because we have sinned against the LORD.
• Jer 48:10 : 10 Cursed be he who does the work of the LORD deceitfully, and cursed be he who keeps back his sword from blood.