Leviticus 20:19

KJV1611 – Modern English

And you shall not uncover the nakedness of your mother's sister, nor of your father's sister, for he uncovers his near kin: they shall bear their iniquity.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְעֶרְוַ֨ת אֲח֧וֹת אִמְּךָ֛ וַאֲח֥וֹת אָבִ֖יךָ לֹ֣א תְגַלֵּ֑ה כִּ֧י אֶת־שְׁאֵר֛וֹ הֶעֱרָ֖ה עֲוֺנָ֥ם יִשָּֽׂאוּ׃

Transliteration

wᵊ-ʿerwat sister-of ʾimmᵊkā and-sister-of ʾābîkā not tᵊgalleh kî ʾet-šᵊʾērô heʿĕrāh ʿăwōnām yiśśāʾû

Grammar Details

• *wᵊ-ʿerwat*: conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct - and the nakedness of
• *ʾăḥôt* *ʾimmᵊkā*: noun, feminine singular construct + noun, feminine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your mother's sister
• *wa-ʾăḥôt* *ʾābîkā*: conjunction + noun, feminine singular construct + noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - and your father's sister
• *lōʾ* *tᵊgalleh*: negative particle + imperfect, 2nd masculine singular, Piel - you shall not uncover
• *kî*: conjunction - for/because
• *ʾet*-*šᵊʾērô*: direct object marker + noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his flesh/relative
• *heʿĕrāh*: perfect, 3rd masculine singular, Hiphil - he has laid bare
• *ʿăwōnām*: noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their iniquity
• *yiśśāʾû*: imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they shall bear

Word Meanings

• *ʿerwat*: nakedness of/sexual relations with
• *ʾăḥôt* *ʾimmᵊkā*: your mother's sister/your maternal aunt
• *ʾăḥôt* *ʾābîkā*: your father's sister/your paternal aunt
• *tᵊgalleh*: uncover/expose/have sexual relations with
• *šᵊʾērô* *heʿĕrāh*: has laid bare his own flesh/exposed his relative
• *ʿăwōnām* *yiśśāʾû*: they shall bear their iniquity/they shall be responsible for their guilt

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  You shall not uncover the nakedness of your mother's sister or your father's sister, for this would dishonor a close relative. They shall bear their iniquity.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy mother's sister, nor of thy father's sister: for he uncovereth his near kin: they shall bear their iniquity.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy mother's sister, nor of thy father's sister; for he hath made naked his near kin: they shall bear their iniquity.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy mother's sister, nor of thy father's sister: for he uncovereth his near kin: they shall bear their iniquity.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  Thou shalt not vncouer the secrettes of thy mothers syster nor of thy fathers systers, for he that doth so, vncouereth his nexte kyn: ad thei shall bere their mysdoynge.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Thou shalt not vncouer the preuytie of thy mothers sister, and of thy fathers sister: for soch one hath vncouered his nexte kynswoman, and they shal beare their synne.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Moreouer thou shalt not vncouer the shame of thy mothers sister, nor of thy fathers sister: because he hath vncouered his kin, they shall beare their iniquitie.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Thou shalt not vncouer the nakednesse of thy mothers sister, nor of thy fathers sister: for he that doth so, hath vncouered his next kyn, they shal beare their misdoyng.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy mother's sister, nor of thy father's sister: for he uncovereth his near kin: they shall bear their iniquity.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  "'You shall not uncover the nakedness of your mother's sister, nor of your father's sister; for he has made naked his close relative: they shall bear their iniquity.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  `And the nakedness of thy mother's sister, and of thy father's sister, thou dost not uncover; because his relation he hath made bare; their iniquity they bear.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy mother's sister, nor of thy father's sister; for he hath made naked his near kin: they shall bear their iniquity.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy mother's sister, nor of thy father's sister; for he hath made naked his near kin: they shall bear their iniquity.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And you may not have sex connection with your mother's sister or your father's sister, for they are his near relations: their sin will be on them.

• World English Bible (2000)

  "'You shall not uncover the nakedness of your mother's sister, nor of your father's sister; for he has made naked his close relative: they shall bear their iniquity.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  You must not expose the nakedness of your mother’s sister and your father’s sister, for such a person has laid bare his own close relative. They must bear their punishment for iniquity.

Referenced Verses

• Lev 18:6 : 6 None of you shall approach anyone who is near of kin to uncover their nakedness: I am the LORD.
• Lev 18:12-30 : 12 You shall not uncover the nakedness of your father's sister: she is your father's near kinswoman. 13 You shall not uncover the nakedness of your mother's sister: for she is your mother's near kinswoman. 14 You shall not uncover the nakedness of your father's brother; you shall not approach his wife: she is your aunt. 15 You shall not uncover the nakedness of your daughter-in-law: she is your son's wife; you shall not uncover her nakedness. 16 You shall not uncover the nakedness of your brother's wife: it is your brother's nakedness. 17 You shall not uncover the nakedness of a woman and her daughter, nor shall you take her son's daughter or her daughter's daughter, to uncover her nakedness; for they are her near kinswomen: it is wickedness. 18 Nor shall you take a wife to her sister, to vex her, to uncover her nakedness, besides the other in her lifetime. 19 Also you shall not approach a woman to uncover her nakedness as long as she is put apart for her uncleanness. 20 Moreover, you shall not lie carnally with your neighbor's wife, to defile yourself with her. 21 And you shall not let any of your seed pass through the fire to Molech, nor shall you profane the name of your God: I am the LORD. 22 You shall not lie with mankind, as with womankind: it is an abomination. 23 Nor shall you lie with any beast to defile yourself with it: neither shall any woman stand before a beast to lie down with it: it is confusion. 24 Do not defile yourselves in any of these things: for in all these the nations are defiled, which I cast out before you. 25 And the land is defiled: therefore I visit the iniquity upon it, and the land itself vomits out its inhabitants. 26 You shall therefore keep my statutes and my judgments, and shall not commit any of these abominations; neither any of your own nation, nor any stranger who sojourns among you: 27 For all these abominations have the men of the land done, who were before you, and the land is defiled; 28 That the land not spew you out also, when you defile it, as it spewed out the nations that were before you. 29 For whoever commits any of these abominations, even the souls that commit them shall be cut off from among their people. 30 Therefore you shall keep my ordinance, that you do not commit any of these abominable customs, which were committed before you, and that you do not defile yourselves by them: I am the LORD your God.
• Exod 6:20 : 20 And Amram took Jochebed his father's sister as a wife; and she bore him Aaron and Moses: and the years of the life of Amram were one hundred thirty-seven years.