1 John 5:16

Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

If any one may see his brother sinning a sin not unto death, he shall ask, and He shall give to him life to those sinning not unto death; there is sin to death, not concerning it do I speak that he may beseech;

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Ἐάν τις ἴδῃ τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ ἁμαρτάνοντα ἁμαρτίαν μὴ πρὸς θάνατον, αἰτήσει, καὶ δώσει αὐτῷ ζωήν τοῖς ἁμαρτάνουσιν μὴ πρὸς θάνατον. Ἔστιν ἁμαρτία πρὸς θάνατον: οὐ περὶ ἐκείνης λέγω ἵνα ἐρωτήσῃ.

Transliteration

If anyone idē the adelphon of him hamartanonta hamartian not pros thanaton, he shall aitēsei, and he shall dōsei to him zōēn to those hamartanousin not pros thanaton. There estin hamartia pros thanaton: not concerning that I legō that he should erōtēsē.

Grammar Details

• *ean*: conditional conjunction - if
• *tis*: indefinite pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular - anyone
• *idē*: aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular - he may see
• *adelphon*: accusative, masculine, singular - brother
• *autou*: genitive, masculine, singular - of him
• *hamartanonta*: present active participle, accusative, masculine, singular - sinning
• *hamartian*: accusative, feminine, singular - sin
• *mē*: negative particle - not
• *pros*: preposition with accusative - unto/toward
• *thanaton*: accusative, masculine, singular - death
• *aitēsei*: future active indicative, 3rd singular - he will ask
• *dōsei*: future active indicative, 3rd singular - he will give
• *autō*: personal pronoun, dative, masculine, singular - to him
• *zōēn*: accusative, feminine, singular - life
• *hamartanousin*: present active participle, dative, masculine, plural - sinning
• *estin*: present indicative, 3rd singular - is/there is
• *hamartia*: nominative, feminine, singular - sin
• *ekeinēs*: demonstrative pronoun, genitive, feminine, singular - that
• *legō*: present active indicative, 1st singular - I say
• *hina*: conjunction introducing purpose clause - that
• *erōtēsē*: aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular - he should ask

Word Meanings

• *idē*: he may see/he may observe/he may perceive
• *adelphon*: brother/fellow believer/fellow member
• *hamartanonta*: sinning/erring/missing the mark
• *hamartian*: sin/error/missing the mark
• *thanaton*: death/end of life
• *aitēsei*: he will ask/he will request/he will petition
• *dōsei*: he will give/he will grant/he will bestow
• *zōēn*: life/existence/vitality
• *hamartanousin*: sinning/erring/missing the mark
• *hamartia*: sin/error/missing the mark
• *legō*: I say/I speak/I tell
• *erōtēsē*: he should ask/he should request/he should petition

Referenced Verses

• Heb 6:4-6 : 4 for `it is' impossible for those once enlightened, having tasted also of the heavenly gift, and partakers having became of the Holy Spirit, 5 and did taste the good saying of God, the powers also of the coming age, 6 and having fallen away, again to renew `them' to reformation, having crucified again to themselves the Son of God, and exposed to public shame.
• 1 Sam 2:25 : 25 If a man sin against a man, then hath God judged him; but if against Jehovah a man sin, who doth pray for him?' and they hearken not to the voice of their father, though Jehovah hath delighted to put them to death.
• Jer 7:16 : 16 And thou dost not pray for this people, Nor lift up for them crying and prayer, Nor intercede with Me, for I hear thee not.
• Jer 11:14 : 14 And thou, thou dost not pray for this people, Nor dost thou lift up for them cry and prayer, For I do not hearken in the time of their calling unto Me for their vexation.
• Num 15:30 : 30 `And the person who doth `aught' with a high hand -- of the native or of the sojourner -- Jehovah he is reviling, and that person hath been cut off from the midst of his people;
• Matt 12:31-32 : 31 Because of this I say to you, all sin and evil speaking shall be forgiven to men, but the evil speaking of the Spirit shall not be forgiven to men. 32 And whoever may speak a word against the Son of Man it shall be forgiven to him, but whoever may speak against the Holy Spirit, it shall not be forgiven him, neither in this age, nor in that which is coming.
• Heb 10:26-31 : 26 For we -- willfully sinning after the receiving the full knowledge of the truth -- no more for sins doth there remain a sacrifice, 27 but a certain fearful looking for of judgment, and fiery zeal, about to devour the opposers; 28 any one who did set at nought a law of Moses, apart from mercies, by two or three witnesses, doth die, 29 of how much sorer punishment shall he be counted worthy who the Son of God did trample on, and the blood of the covenant did count a common thing, in which he was sanctified, and to the Spirit of the grace did despite? 30 for we have known Him who is saying, `Vengeance `is' Mine, I will recompense, saith the Lord;' and again, `The Lord shall judge His people;' -- 31 fearful `is' the falling into the hands of a living God.
• Jas 5:14-15 : 14 is any infirm among you? let him call for the elders of the assembly, and let them pray over him, having anointed him with oil, in the name of the Lord, 15 and the prayer of the faith shall save the distressed one, and the Lord shall raise him up, and if sins he may have committed, they shall be forgiven to him.
• 2 Pet 2:20-22 : 20 for, if having escaped from the pollutions of the world, in the acknowledging of the Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, and by these again being entangled, they have been overcome, become to them hath the last things worse than the first, 21 for it were better to them not to have acknowledged the way of the righteousness, than having acknowledged `it', to turn back from the holy command delivered to them, 22 and happened to them hath that of the true similitude; `A dog did turn back upon his own vomit,' and, `A sow having bathed herself -- to rolling in mire.'
• Luke 12:10 : 10 and every one whoever shall say a word to the Son of Man, it shall be forgiven to him, but to him who to the Holy Spirit did speak evil, it shall not be forgiven.
• Jer 14:11 : 11 And Jehovah saith unto me: Thou dost not pray for this people for good,
• Jer 15:1-2 : 1 And Jehovah saith unto me: Though Moses and Samuel should stand before Me, My soul is not toward this people, Send from before My face, and they go out. 2 And it hath come to pass, when they say to thee, Whither do we go out? that thou hast said unto them, Thus said Jehovah: Those who `are' for death -- to death, And those who are for the sword, to the sword, And those who are for famine, to famine, And those who are for captivity, to captivity.
• Jer 18:18-21 : 18 And they say, Come, And we devise against Jeremiah devices, For law doth not perish from the priest, Nor counsel from the wise, Nor the word from the prophet, Come, and we smite him with the tongue, And we do not attend to any of his words. 19 Give attention, O Jehovah, unto me, And hearken to the voice of those contending with me. 20 Is evil recompensed instead of good, That they have dug a pit for my soul? Remember my standing before Thee to speak good of them, To turn back Thy wrath from them. 21 Therefore, give up their sons to famine, And cause them to run on the sides of the sword, And their wives are bereaved and widows, And their men are slain by death, Their young men smitten by sword in battle,
• Ezek 22:30 : 30 And I seek of them a man making a fence, And standing in the breach before Me, In behalf of the land -- not to destroy it, And I have not found.
• Amos 7:1-3 : 1 Thus hath the Lord Jehovah shewed me, and lo, He is forming locusts at the beginning of the ascending of the latter growth, and lo, the latter growth `is' after the mowings of the king; 2 and it hath come to pass, when it hath finished to consume the herb of the land, that I say: `Lord Jehovah, forgive, I pray Thee, How doth Jacob arise -- for he `is' small?' 3 Jehovah hath repented of this, `It shall not be,' said Jehovah.
• Num 16:26-32 : 26 and he speaketh unto the company, saying, `Turn aside, I pray you, from the tents of these wicked men, and come not against anything that they have, lest ye be consumed in all their sins.' 27 And they go up from the tabernacle of Korah, Dathan and Abiram, from round about, and Dathan, and Abiram have come out, standing at the opening of their tents, and their wives, and their sons, and their infants. 28 And Moses saith, `By this ye do know that Jehovah hath sent me to do all these works, that `they are' not from my own heart; 29 if according to the death of all men these die -- or the charge of all men is charged upon them -- Jehovah hath not sent me; 30 and if a strange thing Jehovah do, and the ground hath opened her mouth and swallowed them, and all that they have, and they have gone down alive to Sheol -- then ye have known that these men have despised Jehovah.' 31 And it cometh to pass at his finishing speaking all these words, that the ground which `is' under them cleaveth, 32 and the earth openeth her mouth, and swalloweth them, and their houses, and all the men who `are' for Korah, and all the goods,
• Deut 9:18-20 : 18 and I throw myself before Jehovah, as at first, forty days and forty nights; bread I have not eaten, and water I have not drunk, because of all your sins which ye have sinned, by doing the evil thing in the eyes of Jehovah, to make Him angry. 19 `For I have been afraid because of the anger and the fury with which Jehovah hath been wroth against you, to destroy you; and Jehovah doth hearken unto me also at this time. 20 `And with Aaron hath Jehovah shewed himself very angry, to destroy him, and I pray also for Aaron at that time;
• 2 Chr 30:18-20 : 18 for a multitude of the people, many from Ephraim and Manasseh, Issachar, and Zebulun, have not been cleansed, but have eaten the passover otherwise than it is written; but Hezekiah prayed for them, saying, `Jehovah, who `is' good, doth receive atonement for every one 19 who hath prepared his heart to seek God -- Jehovah, God of his fathers -- yet not according to the cleansing of the sanctuary;' 20 and Jehovah hearkeneth unto Hezekiah, and healeth the people.
• Job 42:7-9 : 7 And it cometh to pass after Jehovah's speaking these words unto Job, that Jehovah saith unto Eliphaz the Temanite, `Burned hath Mine anger against thee, and against thy two friends, because ye have not spoken concerning Me rightly, like My servant Job. 8 And now, take to you seven bullocks and seven rams, and go ye unto My servant Job, and ye have caused a burnt-offering to ascend for you; and Job My servant doth pray for you, for surely his face I accept, so as not to do with you folly, because ye have not spoken concerning Me rightly, like My servant Job. 9 And they go -- Eliphaz the Temanite, and Bildad the Shuhite, Zophar the Naamathite -- and do as Jehovah hath spoken unto them; and Jehovah doth accept the face of Job.
• Ps 106:23 : 23 And He saith to destroy them, Unless Moses, His chosen one, Had stood in the breach before Him, To turn back His wrath from destroying.
• Gen 20:7 : 7 and now send back the man's wife, for he `is' inspired, and he doth pray for thee, and live thou; and if thou do not send back, know that dying thou dost die, thou, and all that thou hast.'
• Gen 20:17 : 17 And Abraham prayeth unto God, and God healeth Abimelech and his wife, and his handmaids, and they bear:
• Exod 32:10-14 : 10 and now, let Me alone, and My anger doth burn against them, and I consume them, and I make thee become a great nation.' 11 And Moses appeaseth the face of Jehovah his God, and saith, `Why, O Jehovah, doth Thine anger burn against Thy people, whom Thou hast brought forth out of the land of Egypt with great power and with a strong hand? 12 why do the Egyptians speak, saying, For evil He brought them out to slay them among mountains, and to consume them from off the face of the ground? turn back from the heat of Thine anger, and repent of the evil against Thy people. 13 `Be mindful of Abraham, of Isaac, and of Israel, Thy servants, to whom Thou hast sworn by Thyself, and unto whom Thou speakest: I multiply your seed as stars of the heavens, and all this land, as I have said, I give to your seed, and they have inherited to the age;' 14 and Jehovah repenteth of the evil which He hath spoken of doing to His people.
• Exod 32:31-32 : 31 And Moses turneth back unto Jehovah, and saith, `Oh this people hath sinned a great sin, that they make to themselves a god of gold; 32 and now, if Thou takest away their sin -- and if not -- blot me, I pray thee, out of Thy book which Thou hast written.'
• Exod 34:9 : 9 and saith, `If, I pray Thee, I have found grace in Thine eyes, O my Lord, let my Lord, I pray Thee, go in our midst (for it `is' a stiff-necked people), and thou hast forgiven our iniquity and our sin, and hast inherited us.'
• Num 12:13 : 13 And Moses crieth unto Jehovah, saying, `O God, I pray Thee, give, I pray Thee, healing to her.'
• Num 14:11-21 : 11 And Jehovah saith unto Moses, `Until when doth this people despise Me? and until when do they not believe in Me, for all the signs which I have done in its midst? 12 I smite it with pestilence, and dispossess it, and make thee become a nation greater and mightier than it.' 13 And Moses saith unto Jehovah, `Then have the Egyptians heard! for Thou hast brought up with Thy power this people out of their midst, 14 and they have said `it' unto the inhabitant of this land, they have heard that Thou, Jehovah, `art' in the midst of this people, that eye to eye Thou art seen -- O Jehovah, and Thy cloud is standing over them, -- and in a pillar of cloud Thou art going before them by day, and in a pillar of fire by night. 15 `And Thou hast put to death this people as one man, and the nations who have heard Thy fame have spoken, saying, 16 From Jehovah's want of ability to bring in this people unto the land which He hath sworn to them -- He doth slaughter them in the wilderness. 17 `And now, let, I pray Thee, the power of my Lord be great, as Thou hast spoken, saying: 18 Jehovah `is' slow to anger, and of great kindness; bearing away iniquity and transgression, and not entirely acquitting, charging iniquity of fathers on sons, on a third `generation', and on a fourth; -- 19 forgive, I pray Thee, the iniquity of this people, according to the greatness of Thy kindness, and as Thou hast borne with this people from Egypt, even until now.' 20 And Jehovah saith, `I have forgiven, according to thy word; 21 and yet, I live -- and it is filled -- the whole earth -- `with' the honour of Jehovah;
• John 17:9 : 9 `I ask in regard to them; not in regard to the world do I ask, but in regard to those whom Thou hast given to me, because Thine they are,
• 2 Tim 4:14 : 14 Alexander the coppersmith did me much evil; may the Lord repay to him according to his works,
• Mark 3:28-30 : 28 `Verily I say to you, that all the sins shall be forgiven to the sons of men, and evil speakings with which they might speak evil, 29 but whoever may speak evil in regard to the Holy Spirit hath not forgiveness -- to the age, but is in danger of age-during judgment;' 30 because they said, `He hath an unclean spirit.'