Ephesians 4:31

Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamour, and evil-speaking, be put away from you, with all malice,

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Πᾶσα πικρία, καὶ θυμὸς, καὶ ὀργὴ, καὶ κραυγὴ, καὶ βλασφημία, ἀρθήτω ἀφʼ ὑμῶν, σὺν πάσῃ κακίᾳ:

Transliteration

All pikria, and thymos, and orgē, and kraugē, and blasphēmia, let be arthētō from you, with all kakia:

Grammar Details

• *pikria*: nominative feminine singular - bitterness
• *thymos*: nominative masculine singular - wrath/rage
• *orgē*: nominative feminine singular - anger
• *kraugē*: nominative feminine singular - clamor/outcry
• *blasphēmia*: nominative feminine singular - slander/evil speaking
• *arthētō*: aorist passive imperative, 3rd singular - let be taken away
• *kakia*: dative feminine singular - with malice/evil

Word Meanings

• *pikria*: bitterness/harshness
• *thymos*: wrath/rage/passionate anger
• *orgē*: anger/indignation
• *kraugē*: clamor/outcry/shouting
• *blasphēmia*: slander/evil speaking/abusive speech
• *arthētō*: be taken away/removed
• *kakia*: malice/evil/wickedness

Referenced Verses

• Col 3:8 : 8 but now put off, even ye, the whole -- anger, wrath, malice, evil-speaking, filthy talking -- out of your mouth.
• Eccl 7:9 : 9 Be not hasty in thy spirit to be angry, For anger in the bosom of fools resteth.
• 1 Pet 2:1 : 1 Having put aside, then, all evil, and all guile, and hypocrisies, and envyings, and all evil speakings,
• Eph 4:26 : 26 be angry and do not sin; let not the sun go down upon your wrath,
• Titus 3:2-3 : 2 of no one to speak evil, not to be quarrelsome -- gentle, showing all meekness to all men, 3 for we were once -- also we -- thoughtless, disobedient, led astray, serving desires and pleasures manifold, in malice and envy living, odious -- hating one another;
• Jas 1:19 : 19 So then, my brethren beloved, let every man be swift to hear, slow to speak, slow to anger,
• Col 3:19 : 19 the husbands! love your wives, and be not bitter with them;
• Prov 26:20 : 20 Without wood is fire going out, And without a tale-bearer, contention ceaseth,
• Jas 3:14-4:2 : 14 and if bitter zeal ye have, and rivalry in your heart, glory not, nor lie against the truth; 15 this wisdom is not descending from above, but earthly, physical, demon-like, 16 for where zeal and rivalry `are', there is insurrection and every evil matter; 17 and the wisdom from above, first, indeed, is pure, then peaceable, gentle, easily entreated, full of kindness and good fruits, uncontentious, and unhypocritical: -- 18 and the fruit of the righteousness in peace is sown to those making peace. 1 Whence `are' wars and fightings among you? not thence -- out of your passions, that are as soldiers in your members? 2 ye desire, and ye have not; ye murder, and are zealous, and are not able to attain; ye fight and war, and ye have not, because of your not asking;
• Jas 4:11 : 11 Speak not one against another, brethren; he who is speaking against a brother, and is judging his brother, doth speak against law, and doth judge law, and if law thou dost judge, thou art not a doer of law but a judge;
• 1 Cor 14:20 : 20 Brethren, become not children in the understanding, but in the evil be ye babes, and in the understanding become ye perfect;
• 2 Cor 12:20 : 20 for I fear lest, having come, not such as I wish I may find you, and I -- I may be found by you such as ye do not wish, lest there be strifes, envyings, wraths, revelries, evil-speakings, whisperings, puffings up, insurrections,
• Gal 5:20 : 20 idolatry, witchcraft, hatred, strifes, emulations, wraths, rivalries, dissensions, sects,
• 1 Tim 6:4-5 : 4 he is proud, knowing nothing, but doting about questions and word-striving, out of which doth come envy, strife, evil-speakings, evil-surmisings, 5 wranglings of men wholly corrupted in mind, and destitute of the truth, supposing the piety to be gain; depart from such;
• Prov 26:24-25 : 24 By his lips doth a hater dissemble, And in his heart he placeth deceit, 25 When his voice is gracious trust not in him, For seven abominations `are' in his heart.
• Prov 29:9 : 9 A wise man is judged by the foolish man, And he hath been angry, And he hath laughed, and there is no rest.
• Prov 29:22 : 22 An angry man stirreth up contention, And a furious man is multiplying transgression.
• 1 Tim 3:3 : 3 not given to wine, not a striker, not given to filthy lucre, but gentle, not contentious, not a lover of money,
• 1 Tim 3:11 : 11 Women -- in like manner grave, not false accusers, vigilant, faithful in all things.
• Jer 6:28 : 28 All of them are turned aside by apostates, Walking slanderously -- brass and iron, All of them are corrupters.
• Jer 9:4 : 4 Each of his friend -- beware ye, And on any brother, do not trust, For every brother doth utterly supplant, For every friend slanderously doth walk,
• Acts 19:28-29 : 28 And they having heard, and having become full of wrath, were crying out, saying, `Great `is' the Artemis of the Ephesians!' 29 and the whole city was filled with confusion, they rushed also with one accord into the theatre, having caught Gaius and Aristarchus, Macedonians, Paul's fellow-travellers.
• Acts 21:30 : 30 All the city also was moved and there was a running together of the people, and having laid hold on Paul, they were drawing him out of the temple, and immediately were the doors shut,
• Acts 22:22-23 : 22 And they were hearing him unto this word, and they lifted up their voice, saying, `Away from the earth with such an one; for it is not fit for him to live.' 23 And they crying out and casting up their garments, and throwing dust into the air,
• Rom 1:29-30 : 29 having been filled with all unrighteousness, whoredom, wickedness, covetousness, malice; full of envy, murder, strife, deceit, evil dispositions; whisperers, 30 evil-speakers, God-haters, insulting, proud, boasters, inventors of evil things, disobedient to parents,
• Rom 3:14 : 14 Whose mouth is full of cursing and bitterness.
• 1 Cor 5:8 : 8 so that we may keep the feast, not with old leaven, nor with the leaven of evil and wickedness, but with unleavened food of sincerity and truth.
• Gen 4:8 : 8 And Cain saith unto Abel his brother, ``Let us go into the field;'' and it cometh to pass in their being in the field, that Cain riseth up against Abel his brother, and slayeth him.
• Gen 27:41 : 41 And Esau hateth Jacob, because of the blessing with which his father blessed him, and Esau saith in his heart, `The days of mourning `for' my father draw near, and I slay Jacob my brother.'
• Gen 37:4 : 4 and his brethren see that their father hath loved him more than any of his brethren, and they hate him, and have not been able to speak `to' him peaceably.
• Gen 37:21 : 21 And Reuben heareth, and delivereth him out of their hand, and saith, `Let us not smite the life;'
• Lev 19:16-18 : 16 `Thou dost not go slandering among thy people; thou dost not stand against the blood of thy neighbour; I `am' Jehovah. 17 `Thou dost not hate thy brother in thy heart; thou dost certainly reprove thy fellow, and not suffer sin on him. 18 `Thou dost not take vengeance, nor watch the sons of thy people; and thou hast had love to thy neighbour as thyself; I `am' Jehovah.
• 2 Sam 13:22 : 22 and Absalom hath not spoken with Amnon either evil or good, for Absalom is hating Amnon, because that he humbled Tamar his sister.
• 2 Sam 19:27 : 27 and he uttereth slander against thy servant unto my lord the king, and my lord the king `is' as a messenger of God; and do thou that which is good in thine eyes,
• 2 Sam 19:43-20:2 : 43 And the men of Israel answer the men of Judah, and say, `Ten parts we have in the king, and also in David more than you; and wherefore have ye lightly esteemed us, that our word hath not been first to bring back our king?' And the word of the men of Judah is sharper than the word of the men of Israel. 1 And there hath been called there a man of worthlessness, and his name `is' Sheba, son of Bichri, a Benjamite, and he bloweth with a trumpet, and saith, `We have no portion in David, and we have no inheritance in the son of Jesse; each to his tents, O Israel.' 2 And every man of Israel goeth up from after David, after Sheba son of Bichri, and the men of Judah have cleaved to their king, from the Jordan even unto Jerusalem.
• Ps 15:3 : 3 He hath not slandered by his tongue, He hath not done to his friend evil; And reproach he hath not lifted up Against his neighbour.
• Ps 50:20 : 20 Thou sittest, against thy brother thou speakest, Against a son of thy mother givest slander.
• Ps 64:3 : 3 Who sharpened as a sword their tongue, They directed their arrow -- a bitter word.
• Ps 101:5 : 5 Whoso slandereth in secret his neighbour, Him I cut off, The high of eyes and proud of heart, him I endure not.
• Ps 140:11 : 11 A talkative man is not established in the earth, One of violence -- evil hunteth to overflowing.
• Prov 6:19 : 19 A false witness `who' doth breathe out lies -- And one sending forth contentions between brethren.
• Prov 10:12 : 12 Hatred awaketh contentions, And over all transgressions love covereth.
• Prov 10:18 : 18 Whoso is covering hatred with lying lips, And whoso is bringing out an evil report is a fool.
• Prov 14:17 : 17 Whoso is short of temper doth folly, And a man of wicked devices is hated.
• Prov 18:8 : 8 The words of a tale-bearer `are' as self-inflicted wounds, And they have gone down `to' the inner parts of the heart.
• Prov 19:12 : 12 The wrath of a king `is' a growl as of a young lion, And as dew on the herb his good-will.
• Prov 25:23 : 23 A north wind bringeth forth rain, And a secret tongue -- indignant faces.
• 1 Tim 5:13 : 13 and at the same time also, they learn `to be' idle, going about the houses; and not only idle, but also tattlers and busybodies, speaking the things they ought not;
• 2 Tim 2:23 : 23 and the foolish and uninstructed questions be avoiding, having known that they beget strife,
• 2 Tim 3:3 : 3 without natural affection, implacable, false accusers, incontinent, fierce, not lovers of those who are good,
• Titus 1:7 : 7 for it behoveth the overseer to be blameless, as God's steward, not self-pleased, nor irascible, not given to wine, not a striker, not given to filthy lucre;
• Titus 2:3 : 3 aged women, in like manner, in deportment as doth become sacred persons, not false accusers, to much wine not enslaved, of good things teachers,
• 2 Pet 2:10-11 : 10 and chiefly those going behind the flesh in desire of uncleanness, and lordship despising; presumptuous, self-complacent, dignities they are not afraid to speak evil of, 11 whereas messengers, in strength and power being greater, do not bear against them before the Lord an evil speaking judgment;
• 1 John 3:12 : 12 not as Cain -- of the evil one he was, and he did slay his brother, and wherefore did he slay him? because his works were evil, and those of his brother righteous.
• 1 John 3:15 : 15 Every one who is hating his brother -- a man-killer he is, and ye have known that no man-killer hath life age-during in him remaining,
• Jude 1:8-9 : 8 In like manner, nevertheless, those dreaming also the flesh indeed do defile, and lordship they put away, and dignities they speak evil of, 9 yet Michael, the chief messenger, when, with the devil contending, he was disputing about the body of Moses, did not dare to bring up an evil-speaking judgment, but said, `The Lord rebuke thee!' 10 and these, as many things indeed as they have not known, they speak evil of; and as many things as naturally (as the irrational beasts) they understand, in these they are corrupted;
• Rev 12:10 : 10 And I heard a great voice saying in the heaven, `Now did come the salvation, and the power, and the reign, of our God, and the authority of His Christ, because cast down was the accuser of our brethren, who is accusing them before our God day and night;