Verse 10

{ "verseID": "Exodus.24.10", "source": "וַיִּרְא֕וּ אֵ֖ת אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְתַ֣חַת רַגְלָ֗יו כְּמַעֲשֵׂה֙ לִבְנַ֣ת הַסַּפִּ֔יר וּכְעֶ֥צֶם הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם לָטֹֽהַר׃", "text": "*wayyirʾû* *ʾēt* *ʾĕlōhê* *Yiśrāʾēl* *wə-taḥat* *raglāyw* *kəmaʿăśēh* *libnat* *hassappîr* *ûkəʿeṣem* *haššāmayim* *lāṭōhar*", "grammar": { "*wayyirʾû*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - and they saw", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - God of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wə-taḥat*": "conjunction + preposition - and under", "*raglāyw*": "noun, feminine dual + suffix, 3rd masculine singular - his feet", "*kəmaʿăśēh*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - like work of/like a pavement of", "*libnat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - brick/tile of", "*hassappîr*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the sapphire", "*ûkəʿeṣem*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - and like essence of", "*haššāmayim*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the heavens", "*lāṭōhar*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - for brightness/in clarity" }, "variants": { "*wayyirʾû*": "saw/beheld/perceived", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "God of/gods of", "*kəmaʿăśēh*": "like work of/like a pavement of/resembling", "*libnat*": "brick/tile/pavement", "*hassappîr*": "sapphire/lapis lazuli/blue stone", "*ʿeṣem*": "bone/substance/essence/self", "*lāṭōhar*": "for brightness/in clarity/for purity" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  De så Israels Gud, og under hans føtter var det noe som så ut som et arbeid av safirstein, klart som himmelens blåfarge.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  De så Israels Gud, og under hans føtter var det noe som så ut som et verksted av safirstein, klart som selve himmelen.

• Norsk King James

  Og de så Israels Gud; og det var som om det var et dekket gulv av safirstein under føttene Hans, og som himmelens kropp i sin klarhet.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  De så Israels Gud; det var som et arbeid av safirstein under hans føtter, klart som himmelen selv.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  De så Israels Gud, og under hans føtter var det som en brolagt flate av safirsten, klar som himmelen selv.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Og de så Israels Gud. Under hans føtter var det som et brolagt verk av safirstein, klart som selve himmelen.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  De så Israels Gud, og under hans føtter var det som en belagt flate av safirstein, og som himmelens klare glans.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Og de så Israels Gud. Under hans føtter var det som et brolagt verk av safirstein, klart som selve himmelen.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Og de så Israels Gud, og under hans føtter var det som et verk av safirfliser, lik himmelen i klarhet.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  They saw the God of Israel. Under his feet was something like a pavement of sapphire stone, as clear as the sky itself.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  De så Israels Gud, og under hans føtter var det noe som så ut som et gulv av safirstein, klart som himmelen selv.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Og de saae Israels Gud; og det var under hans Fødder som et Arbeide af Saphirsteen og som Himmelen selv, naar den er klar.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And they saw the God of Israel: and there was under his feet as it were a paved work of a sapphire stone, and as it were the body of heaven in his clearness.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Og de så Israels Gud: under hans føtter var det som et brolagt verk av safirstein, lik selve himmelens klarhet.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  And they saw the God of Israel: and there was under his feet as it were a paved work of sapphire stone, and as it were the body of heaven in his clearness.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And they saw the God of Israel: and there was under his feet as it were a paved work of a sapphire stone, and as it were the body of heaven in his clearness.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  De så Israels Gud. Under hans føtter var det noe som så ut som brolagt safirsten, som himmelen i klarhet.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Og de så Israels Gud, og under hans føtter var det noe som liknet et underlag av safirstein, klart som selve himmelen.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  De så Israels Gud, og under hans føtter var det som et gulv av safirsten, og som selve himmelen i klarhet.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  De så Israels Gud; under hans føtter var det som et dekke av edelstener, klart som himmelen.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  and sawe the God of Israel, and vnder his fete as it were a brycke worde of Saphir and as it were the facyon of heauen when is it cleare,

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  & sawe ye God of Israel. Vnder his fete it was like a stone worke of Saphyre, & as the fashion of heaue, wha it is cleare,

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And they saw the God of Israel, and vnder his feete was as it were a worke of a Saphir stone, and as the very heauen when it is cleare.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And they saw the God of Israel: and there was vnder his feete as it were a worke of a Saphire stone, & as it were the heauen when it is cleare.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And they saw the God of Israel: and [there was] under his feet as it were a paved work of a sapphire stone, and as it were the body of heaven in [his] clearness.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  They saw the God of Israel. Under his feet was like a paved work of sapphire{or, lapis lazuli} stone, like the skies for clearness.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and they see the God of Israel, and under His feet `is' as the white work of the sapphire, and as the substance of the heavens for purity;

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and they saw the God of Israel; and there was under his feet as it were a paved work of sapphire stone, and as it were the very heaven for clearness.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And they saw the God of Israel; and under his feet there was, as it seemed, a jewelled floor, clear as the heavens.

• World English Bible (2000)

  They saw the God of Israel. Under his feet was like a paved work of sapphire stone, like the skies for clearness.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  and they saw the God of Israel. Under his feet there was something like a pavement made of sapphire, clear like the sky itself.

Referenced Verses

• John 1:18 : 18 { "verseID": "John.1.18", "source": "Θεὸν Οὐδεὶς ἑώρακεν πώποτε· ὁ μονογενὴς Υἱός, ὁ ὢν εἰς τὸν κόλπον τοῦ Πατρός, ἐκεῖνος ἐξηγήσατο.", "text": "*Theon Oudeis heōraken pōpote*; the *monogenēs Huios*, the one *ōn* in the *kolpon* of the *Patros*, *ekeinos exēgēsato*.", "grammar": { "*Theon*": "accusative masculine singular - God", "*Oudeis*": "nominative masculine singular - no one", "*heōraken*": "perfect active indicative 3rd person singular of *horaō* - has seen", "*pōpote*": "adverb - at any time/ever", "*monogenēs*": "nominative masculine singular - only-begotten/unique", "*Huios*": "nominative masculine singular - Son", "*ōn*": "present active participle, nominative masculine singular of *eimi* - being/who is", "*kolpon*": "accusative masculine singular - bosom/heart", "*Patros*": "genitive masculine singular - of Father", "*ekeinos*": "demonstrative pronoun, nominative masculine singular - that one/he", "*exēgēsato*": "aorist middle indicative 3rd person singular of *exēgeomai* - explained/declared/revealed" }, "variants": { "*heōraken*": "has seen/perceived/experienced", "*monogenēs*": "only-begotten/unique/one-of-a-kind", "*kolpon*": "bosom/chest/heart/intimate position", "*exēgēsato*": "explained/declared/revealed/made known" } }
• Rev 4:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Revelation.4.3", "source": "Καὶ ὁ καθήμενος ἦν ὅμοιος ὁράσει λίθῳ ἰάσπιδι καὶ σαρδίῳ: καὶ ἶρις κυκλόθεν τοῦ θρόνου, ὅμοιος ὁράσει σμαραγδίνῳ.", "text": "And the *kathēmenos ēn homoios horasei lithō iaspidi* and *sardiō*: and *iris kyklothen* the *thronou*, *homoios horasei smaragdinō*.", "grammar": { "*kathēmenos*": "present middle participle, nominative, masculine, singular - sitting/seated", "*ēn*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular - was", "*homoios*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, singular - like/similar", "*horasei*": "noun, dative, feminine, singular - appearance/vision", "*lithō*": "noun, dative, masculine, singular - stone", "*iaspidi*": "noun, dative, masculine, singular - jasper", "*sardiō*": "noun, dative, neuter, singular - sardius/carnelian", "*iris*": "noun, nominative, feminine, singular - rainbow", "*kyklothen*": "adverb - around/round about", "*thronou*": "noun, genitive, masculine, singular - throne", "*smaragdinō*": "adjective, dative, masculine, singular - emerald-like" }, "variants": { "*kathēmenos*": "one sitting/seated one", "*homoios*": "like/similar to/resembling", "*horasei*": "appearance/vision/sight", "*lithō*": "stone/gem", "*iaspidi*": "jasper (a precious stone)", "*sardiō*": "sardius/carnelian (reddish gem)", "*iris*": "rainbow/halo", "*kyklothen*": "around/surrounding/encircling", "*smaragdinō*": "emerald-like/green in appearance" } }
• Ezek 10:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.10.1", "source": "וָאֶרְאֶ֗ה וְהִנֵּ֤ה אֶל־הָרָקִ֙יעַ֙ אֲשֶׁר֙ עַל־רֹ֣אשׁ הַכְּרֻבִ֔ים כְּאֶ֣בֶן סַפִּ֔יר כְּמַרְאֵ֖ה דְּמ֣וּת כִּסֵּ֑א נִרְאָ֖ה עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wāʾerʾeh* and *hinnēh* unto-the-*rāqîªʿ* which upon-*rōʾš* the-*kərūbîm* like-*ʾeben sappîr* like-*marʾēh* *dəmût kissēʾ* *nirʾâ* upon-them.", "grammar": { "*wāʾerʾeh*": "1st person singular imperfect, with waw consecutive - and I saw", "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold/look", "*rāqîªʿ*": "masculine singular noun - firmament/expanse", "*rōʾš*": "masculine singular construct - head/top of", "*kərūbîm*": "masculine plural noun - cherubim", "*ʾeben sappîr*": "construct chain - stone of sapphire", "*marʾēh*": "masculine singular construct - appearance of", "*dəmût kissēʾ*": "construct chain - likeness of throne", "*nirʾâ*": "3rd person masculine singular niphal perfect - was seen/appeared" }, "variants": { "*rāqîªʿ*": "firmament/expanse/visible arch of sky", "*kərūbîm*": "cherubim/angelic beings", "*sappîr*": "sapphire/lapis lazuli", "*dəmût*": "likeness/form/shape/appearance" } }
• Matt 17:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Matthew.17.2", "source": "Καὶ μετεμορφώθη ἔμπροσθεν αὐτῶν: καὶ ἔλαμψεν τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ ὡς ὁ ἥλιος, τὰ δὲ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ ἐγένετο λευκὰ ὡς τὸ φῶς.", "text": "And *metemorphōthē* *emprosthen* of them: and *elampsen* the *prosōpon* of him as the *hēlios*, the *de* *himatia* of him *egeneto* *leuka* as the *phōs*.", "grammar": { "*metemorphōthē*": "aorist, passive, indicative, 3rd singular - was transformed", "*emprosthen*": "preposition with genitive - before/in front of", "*elampsen*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd singular - shone/became bright", "*prosōpon*": "nominative, neuter, singular - face", "*hēlios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - sun", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - and/but", "*himatia*": "nominative, neuter, plural - garments/clothes", "*egeneto*": "aorist, middle, indicative, 3rd singular - became", "*leuka*": "nominative, neuter, plural - white", "*phōs*": "nominative, neuter, singular - light" }, "variants": { "*metemorphōthē*": "was transformed/transfigured/changed form", "*prosōpon*": "face/countenance/presence", "*himatia*": "garments/clothes/outer garments", "*leuka*": "white/bright/radiant" } }
• Gen 32:30 : 30 { "verseID": "Genesis.32.30", "source": "וַיִּשְׁאַ֣ל יַעֲקֹ֗ב וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ הַגִּֽידָה־נָּ֣א שְׁמֶ֔ךָ וַיֹּ֕אמֶר לָ֥מָּה זֶּ֖ה תִּשְׁאַ֣ל לִשְׁמִ֑י וַיְבָ֥רֶךְ אֹת֖וֹ שָֽׁם׃", "text": "*wə-yišʾal yaʿăqōb wə-yōʾmer haggîdāh-nāʾ* name-your *wə-yōʾmer lāmmāh zeh tišʾal* for-name-my *wə-yəbārek ʾōtô* there.", "grammar": { "*wə-yišʾal*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he asked", "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*haggîdāh-nāʾ*": "Hiphil imperative, masculine singular + particle of entreaty - please tell", "*lāmmāh*": "interrogative - why", "*zeh*": "demonstrative adjective, masculine singular - this", "*tišʾal*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you ask", "*wə-yəbārek*": "waw consecutive + Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he blessed", "*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - him" }, "variants": { "*yišʾal*": "to ask, to inquire, to request", "*yōʾmer*": "to say, to speak, to reply", "*haggîdāh*": "tell, declare, make known", "*nāʾ*": "please, I pray", "*tišʾal*": "you ask, you inquire", "*yəbārek*": "to bless, to praise, to kneel" } }
• Exod 33:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Exodus.33.20", "source": "וַיֹּ֕אמֶר לֹ֥א תוּכַ֖ל לִרְאֹ֣ת אֶת־פָּנָ֑י כִּ֛י לֹֽא־יִרְאַ֥נִי הָאָדָ֖ם וָחָֽי׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer*, not *tûkal* to-*lirʾōt* *ʾet*-*pānāy*, for not-*yirʾanî* the-*ʾādām* *wā-ḥāy*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*tûkal*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you are able", "*lirʾōt*": "preposition + verb, Qal infinitive construct - to see", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*pānāy*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st singular suffix - my face", "*yirʾanî*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 1st singular suffix - he will see me", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/mankind", "*wā-ḥāy*": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and live" }, "variants": { "*tûkal*": "you are able/you can/you have ability", "*lirʾōt*": "to see/to look at/to behold", "*pānāy*": "my face/my presence", "*yirʾanî*": "will see me/can see me", "*ʾādām*": "man/mankind/human", "*wā-ḥāy*": "and live/and survive/and remain alive" } }
• Exod 33:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Exodus.33.23", "source": "וַהֲסִרֹתִי֙ אֶת־כַּפִּ֔י וְרָאִ֖יתָ אֶת־אֲחֹרָ֑י וּפָנַ֖י לֹ֥א יֵרָאֽוּ׃", "text": "*wa-hăsirōtî* *ʾet*-*kappî* *wə-rāʾîtā* *ʾet*-*ʾăḥōrāy* and-*pānay* not *yērāʾû*.", "grammar": { "*wa-hăsirōtî*": "conjunction + verb, Hiphil perfect, 1st singular - and I will remove", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*kappî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st singular suffix - my palm/hand", "*wə-rāʾîtā*": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you will see", "*ʾăḥōrāy*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st singular suffix - my back", "*pānay*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st singular suffix - my face", "*yērāʾû*": "verb, Niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will be seen" }, "variants": { "*wa-hăsirōtî*": "and I will remove/and I will take away", "*kappî*": "my palm/my hand", "*wə-rāʾîtā*": "and you will see/and you will behold", "*ʾăḥōrāy*": "my back/my behind/my back parts", "*pānay*": "my face/my presence", "*yērāʾû*": "will be seen/shall be seen" } }
• Rev 21:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Revelation.21.11", "source": "Ἔχουσαν τὴν δόξαν τοῦ Θεοῦ: καὶ ὁ φωστὴρ αὐτῆς ὅμοιος λίθῳ τιμιωτάτῳ, ὡς λίθῳ, ἰάσπιδι κρυσταλλίζοντι·", "text": "*Echousan* the *doxan* of-the *Theou*: and the *phōstēr* of-her *homoios* *lithō* *timiōtatō*, as *lithō*, *iaspidi* *krystallizanti*;", "grammar": { "*Echousan*": "present active participle, accusative, feminine, singular - having", "*doxan*": "accusative, feminine, singular - glory/splendor", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - God", "*phōstēr*": "nominative, masculine, singular - luminary/light/brightness", "*homoios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - like/similar", "*lithō*": "dative, masculine, singular - stone", "*timiōtatō*": "dative, masculine, singular, superlative - most precious/valuable", "*iaspidi*": "dative, masculine, singular - jasper", "*krystallizanti*": "present active participle, dative, masculine, singular - crystallizing/clear as crystal" }, "variants": { "*Echousan*": "having/possessing/containing", "*doxan*": "glory/splendor/radiance/honor", "*phōstēr*": "luminary/light/brightness/radiance", "*homoios*": "like/similar/resembling", "*lithō*": "stone/gem/rock", "*timiōtatō*": "most precious/most valuable/most costly", "*iaspidi*": "jasper (a precious stone)", "*krystallizanti*": "crystallizing/clear as crystal/shining like crystal" } }
• 1 Tim 6:16 : 16 { "verseID": "1 Timothy.6.16", "source": "Ὁ μόνος ἔχων ἀθανασίαν, φῶς οἰκῶν ἀπρόσιτον· ὃν εἶδεν οὐδεὶς ἀνθρώπων, οὐδὲ ἰδεῖν δύναται: ᾧ τιμὴ καὶ κράτος αἰώνιον. Ἀμήν.", "text": "The only one *echōn athanasian*, *phōs oikōn aprositon*; whom *eiden oudeis anthrōpōn*, neither *idein dynatai*: to whom *timē kai kratos aiōnion*. *Amēn*.", "grammar": { "*Ho monos*": "nominative, masculine, singular with article - the only one", "*echōn*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, singular, active - having", "*athanasian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - immortality", "*phōs*": "accusative, neuter, singular - light", "*oikōn*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, singular, active - dwelling in", "*aprositon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - unapproachable/inaccessible", "*hon*": "relative pronoun, accusative, masculine, singular - whom", "*eiden*": "aorist indicative, 3rd person singular, active - saw", "*oudeis*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, singular - no one", "*anthrōpōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of humans/people", "*oude*": "conjunction, negative - neither/nor", "*idein*": "aorist infinitive, active - to see", "*dynatai*": "present indicative, 3rd person singular, middle/passive - is able", "*hō*": "relative pronoun, dative, masculine, singular - to whom", "*timē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - honor/value", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*kratos*": "nominative, neuter, singular - power/might", "*aiōnion*": "nominative, neuter, singular - eternal/everlasting", "*Amēn*": "Hebrew affirmation - Amen/truly" }, "variants": { "*echōn*": "having/possessing/holding", "*athanasian*": "immortality/deathlessness", "*phōs*": "light/radiance", "*oikōn*": "dwelling in/living in/inhabiting", "*aprositon*": "unapproachable/inaccessible/unattainable", "*eiden*": "saw/perceived/beheld", "*idein*": "to see/to perceive/to behold", "*dynatai*": "is able/can/has power to", "*timē*": "honor/value/esteem/worth", "*kratos*": "power/might/dominion/strength", "*aiōnion*": "eternal/everlasting/age-lasting" } }
• 1 John 4:12 : 12 { "verseID": "1 John.4.12", "source": "Θεὸν Οὐδεὶς πώποτε τεθέαται. Ἐὰν ἀγαπῶμεν ἀλλήλους, ὁ Θεὸς ἐν ἡμῖν μένει, καὶ ἡ ἀγάπη αὐτοῦ τετελειωμένη ἐστιν ἐν ἡμῖν.", "text": "*Theon* *Oudeis* *pōpote* *tethetai*. If *agapōmen* *allēlous*, the *Theos* in us *menei*, and the *agapē* of him *teteleiōmenē* *estin* in us.", "grammar": { "*Theon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - God", "*Oudeis*": "nominative, masculine, singular - no one", "*pōpote*": "adverb - ever/at any time", "*tethetai*": "perfect middle/passive indicative, 3rd singular - has seen", "*agapōmen*": "present active subjunctive, 1st plural - we love/we might love", "*allēlous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - one another", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*menei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - remains/abides", "*agapē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - love", "*teteleiōmenē*": "perfect passive participle, nominative, feminine, singular - having been perfected", "*estin*": "present indicative, 3rd singular - is" }, "variants": { "*tethetai*": "has seen/has beheld/has observed", "*agapōmen*": "we love/we might love/we should love", "*menei*": "remains/abides/dwells/stays", "*agapē*": "love/divine love/selfless love", "*teteleiōmenē*": "having been perfected/having been completed/having been brought to fullness" } }
• Rev 1:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Revelation.1.16", "source": "Καὶ ἔχων ἐν τῇ δεξιᾷ αὐτοῦ χειρὶ ἀστέρας ἑπτά: καὶ ἐκ τοῦ στόματος αὐτοῦ ῥομφαία δίστομος ὀξεῖα ἐκπορευομένη: καὶ ἡ ὄψις αὐτοῦ ὡς ὁ ἥλιος φαίνει ἐν τῇ δυνάμει αὐτοῦ.", "text": "And *echōn* in the *dexia* of him *cheiri* *asteras* *hepta*: and from the *stomatos* of him *rhomphaia* *distomos* *oxeia* *ekporeuomenē*: and the *opsis* of him as the *hēlios* *phainei* in the *dynamei* of it.", "grammar": { "*echōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having", "*dexia*": "dative, feminine, singular - right", "*cheiri*": "dative, feminine, singular - hand", "*asteras*": "accusative, masculine, plural - stars", "*hepta*": "numeral - seven", "*stomatos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - mouth", "*rhomphaia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - sword (large, broad)", "*distomos*": "nominative, feminine, singular - two-edged/double-mouthed", "*oxeia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - sharp", "*ekporeuomenē*": "present middle participle, nominative, feminine, singular - proceeding", "*opsis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - appearance/face", "*hēlios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - sun", "*phainei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - shines", "*dynamei*": "dative, feminine, singular - power/strength" }, "variants": { "*rhomphaia*": "sword (large, broad type)/broadsword (different from machaira)", "*distomos*": "two-edged/double-mouthed/cutting on both sides", "*opsis*": "appearance/face/countenance", "*dynamei*": "power/strength/might/full force" } }
• John 6:46 : 46 { "verseID": "John.6.46", "source": "Οὐχ ὅτι τὸν Πατέρα τις ἑώρακέν, εἰ μὴ ὁ ὢν παρὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ, οὗτος ἑώρακεν τὸν Πατέρα.", "text": "Not that the *Patera* anyone *heōraken*, if not the one *ōn* from the *Theou*, this one *heōraken* the *Patera*.", "grammar": { "*Patera*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Father", "*heōraken*": "perfect active indicative, 3rd singular - has seen", "*ōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - being", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God" }, "variants": { "*Patera*": "Father", "*heōraken*": "has seen/perceived/observed", "*ōn*": "being/existing", "*Theou*": "God/deity" } }
• John 14:9 : 9 { "verseID": "John.14.9", "source": "Λέγει αὐτῷ ὁ Ἰησοῦς, Τοσοῦτον χρόνον μεθʼ ὑμῶν εἰμι, καὶ οὐκ ἔγνωκάς με, Φίλιππε; ὁ ἑωρακὼς ἐμέ ἑώρακεν τὸν Πατέρα· καὶ πῶς σὺ λέγεις, Δεῖξον ἡμῖν τὸν Πατέρα;", "text": "*Legei autō* the *Iēsous*, *Tosouton chronon meth' hymōn eimi*, and not *egnōkas me*, *Philippe*? The one having *heōrakōs eme heōraken ton Patera*; and how *sy legeis*, *Deixon hēmin ton Patera*?", "grammar": { "*Legei*": "present indicative active, 3rd person singular - says/is saying", "*autō*": "dative, masculine, singular pronoun - to him", "*Iēsous*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Jesus", "*Tosouton chronon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - so long a time", "*meth' hymōn*": "preposition + genitive pronoun - with you", "*eimi*": "present indicative, 1st person singular - I am", "*egnōkas*": "perfect indicative active, 2nd person singular - you have known", "*me*": "accusative, 1st person singular pronoun - me", "*Philippe*": "vocative, masculine, singular - Philip", "*heōrakōs*": "perfect participle active, nominative, masculine, singular - having seen", "*eme*": "accusative, 1st person singular emphatic pronoun - me", "*heōraken*": "perfect indicative active, 3rd person singular - has seen", "*ton Patera*": "accusative, masculine, singular - the Father", "*sy*": "nominative, 2nd person singular pronoun - you", "*legeis*": "present indicative active, 2nd person singular - you say", "*Deixon*": "aorist imperative active, 2nd person singular - show", "*hēmin*": "dative, 1st person plural pronoun - to us" }, "variants": { "*chronon*": "time/period/duration", "*heōrakōs*": "having seen/having perceived/having experienced" } }
• Rev 21:18-23 : 18 { "verseID": "Revelation.21.18", "source": "Καὶ ἦν ἡ ἐνδόμησις τοῦ τείχους αὐτῆς ἴασπις: καὶ ἡ πόλις χρυσίον καθαρὸν, ὅμοιον ὑάλῳ καθαρῷ.", "text": "And was the *endomēsis* of-the *teichous* of-her *iaspis*: and the *polis* *chrysion* *katharon*, *homoion* *hyalō* *katharō*.", "grammar": { "*ēn*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was", "*endomēsis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - construction/structure", "*teichous*": "genitive, neuter, singular - wall", "*iaspis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - jasper", "*polis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - city", "*chrysion*": "nominative, neuter, singular - gold", "*katharon*": "nominative, neuter, singular - pure/clean", "*homoion*": "nominative, neuter, singular - like/similar", "*hyalō*": "dative, masculine, singular - glass/crystal", "*katharō*": "dative, masculine, singular - pure/clean" }, "variants": { "*endomēsis*": "construction/structure/building material", "*teichous*": "wall/fortification", "*iaspis*": "jasper (a precious stone)", "*polis*": "city/town", "*chrysion*": "gold/gold material", "*katharon*": "pure/clean/uncontaminated", "*homoion*": "like/similar/resembling", "*hyalō*": "glass/crystal/transparent material", "*katharō*": "pure/clean/clear" } } 19 { "verseID": "Revelation.21.19", "source": "Καὶ οἱ θεμέλιοι τοῦ τείχους τῆς πόλεως παντὶ λίθῳ τιμίῳ κεκοσμημένοι. Ὁ θεμέλιος ὁ πρῶτος ἴασπις· ὁ δεύτερος, σάπφειρος· ὁ τρίτος, χαλκηδών· ὁ τέταρτος, σμάραγδος·", "text": "And the *themelioi* of-the *teichous* of-the *poleōs* with-every *lithō* *timiō* *kekosmēmenoi*. The *themelios* the *prōtos* *iaspis*; the *deuteros*, *sappheiros*; the *tritos*, *chalkēdōn*; the *tetartos*, *smaragdos*;", "grammar": { "*themelioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - foundations", "*teichous*": "genitive, neuter, singular - wall", "*poleōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - city", "*lithō*": "dative, masculine, singular - stone", "*timiō*": "dative, masculine, singular - precious/valuable", "*kekosmēmenoi*": "perfect passive participle, nominative, masculine, plural - adorned/decorated", "*themelios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - foundation", "*prōtos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - first", "*iaspis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - jasper", "*deuteros*": "nominative, masculine, singular - second", "*sappheiros*": "nominative, masculine, singular - sapphire", "*tritos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - third", "*chalkēdōn*": "nominative, masculine, singular - chalcedony", "*tetartos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - fourth", "*smaragdos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - emerald" }, "variants": { "*themelioi*": "foundations/bases", "*teichous*": "wall/fortification", "*poleōs*": "city/town", "*lithō*": "stone/gem/rock", "*timiō*": "precious/valuable/costly", "*kekosmēmenoi*": "adorned/decorated/ornamented", "*themelios*": "foundation/base", "*prōtos*": "first/foremost", "*iaspis*": "jasper (a precious stone)", "*sappheiros*": "sapphire (a precious stone)", "*chalkēdōn*": "chalcedony (a precious stone)", "*smaragdos*": "emerald (a precious stone)" } } 20 { "verseID": "Revelation.21.20", "source": "Ὁ πέμπτος, σαρδόνυξ· ὁ ἕκτος, σάρδιον· ὁ ἕβδομος, χρυσόλιθος· ὁ ὄγδοος, βήρυλλος· ὁ ἔνατος, τοπάζιον· ὁ δέκατος, χρυσόπρασος· ὁ ἑνδέκατος, ὑάκινθος· ὁ δωδέκατος, ἀμέθυστος.", "text": "The *pemptos*, *sardonyx*; the *hektos*, *sardion*; the *hebdomos*, *chrysolithos*; the *ogdoos*, *bēryllos*; the *enatos*, *topazion*; the *dekatos*, *chrysoprasos*; the *hendekatos*, *hyakinthos*; the *dōdekatos*, *amethystos*.", "grammar": { "*pemptos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - fifth", "*sardonyx*": "nominative, masculine, singular - sardonyx", "*hektos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - sixth", "*sardion*": "nominative, neuter, singular - sardius/carnelian", "*hebdomos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - seventh", "*chrysolithos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - chrysolite", "*ogdoos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - eighth", "*bēryllos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - beryl", "*enatos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - ninth", "*topazion*": "nominative, neuter, singular - topaz", "*dekatos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - tenth", "*chrysoprasos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - chrysoprase", "*hendekatos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - eleventh", "*hyakinthos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - jacinth/hyacinth", "*dōdekatos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - twelfth", "*amethystos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - amethyst" }, "variants": { "*sardonyx*": "sardonyx (a precious stone)", "*sardion*": "sardius/carnelian (a precious stone)", "*chrysolithos*": "chrysolite (a precious stone)", "*bēryllos*": "beryl (a precious stone)", "*topazion*": "topaz (a precious stone)", "*chrysoprasos*": "chrysoprase (a precious stone)", "*hyakinthos*": "jacinth/hyacinth (a precious stone)", "*amethystos*": "amethyst (a precious stone)" } } 21 { "verseID": "Revelation.21.21", "source": "Καὶ οἱ δώδεκα πυλῶνες δώδεκα μαργαρῖται· ἀνὰ εἷς ἕκαστος τῶν πυλώνων ἦν ἐξ ἑνὸς μαργαρίτου: καὶ ἡ πλατεῖα τῆς πόλεως χρυσίον καθαρὸν, ὡς ὕαλος διαυγής.", "text": "And the *dōdeka* *pylōnes* *dōdeka* *margaritai*; each *heis* *hekastos* of-the *pylōnōn* was from *henos* *margaritou*: and the *plateia* of-the *poleōs* *chrysion* *katharon*, as *hyalos* *diaugēs*.", "grammar": { "*dōdeka*": "numeral - twelve", "*pylōnes*": "nominative, masculine, plural - gates", "*margaritai*": "nominative, masculine, plural - pearls", "*heis*": "nominative, masculine, singular - one", "*hekastos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - each/every", "*pylōnōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - gates", "*ēn*": "imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was", "*henos*": "genitive, masculine, singular - one", "*margaritou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - pearl", "*plateia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - street/broad way", "*poleōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - city", "*chrysion*": "nominative, neuter, singular - gold", "*katharon*": "nominative, neuter, singular - pure/clean", "*hyalos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - glass/crystal", "*diaugēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - transparent/clear" }, "variants": { "*pylōnes*": "gates/gateways/entrances", "*margaritai*": "pearls/precious gems", "*hekastos*": "each/every/each one", "*plateia*": "street/broad way/plaza", "*poleōs*": "city/town", "*chrysion*": "gold/gold material", "*katharon*": "pure/clean/uncontaminated", "*hyalos*": "glass/crystal/transparent material", "*diaugēs*": "transparent/clear/translucent" } } 22 { "verseID": "Revelation.21.22", "source": "Καὶ ναὸν οὐκ εἶδον ἐν αὐτῇ: ὁ γὰρ Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς ὁ Παντοκράτωρ ναὸς αὐτῆς ἐστιν καὶ τὸ Ἀρνίον.", "text": "And *naon* not I-*eidon* in her: the for *Kyrios* the *Theos* the *Pantokratōr* *naos* of-her *estin* and the *Arnion*.", "grammar": { "*naon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - temple/sanctuary", "*eidon*": "aorist active indicative, 1st person singular - saw", "*Kyrios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Lord", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*Pantokratōr*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Almighty/Ruler of All", "*naos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - temple/sanctuary", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - is", "*Arnion*": "nominative, neuter, singular - Lamb" }, "variants": { "*naon*": "temple/sanctuary/shrine", "*eidon*": "saw/perceived/observed", "*Kyrios*": "Lord/Master/Ruler", "*Theos*": "God/deity", "*Pantokratōr*": "Almighty/Ruler of All/Omnipotent", "*naos*": "temple/sanctuary/inner shrine", "*Arnion*": "Lamb (symbolic reference to Christ)" } } 23 { "verseID": "Revelation.21.23", "source": "Καὶ ἡ πόλις οὐ χρείαν ἔχει τοῦ ἡλίου, οὐδὲ τῆς σελήνης, ἵνα φαίνωσιν ἐν αὐτῇ: ἡ γὰρ δόξα τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐφώτισεν αὐτήν, καὶ ὁ λύχνος αὐτῆς τὸ Ἀρνίον.", "text": "And the *polis* not *chreian* *echei* of-the *hēliou*, neither of-the *selēnēs*, that they-may-*phainōsin* in her: the for *doxa* of-the *Theou* *ephōtisen* her, and the *lychnos* of-her the *Arnion*.", "grammar": { "*polis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - city", "*chreian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - need/necessity", "*echei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - has", "*hēliou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - sun", "*selēnēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - moon", "*phainōsin*": "present active subjunctive, 3rd person plural - might shine", "*doxa*": "nominative, feminine, singular - glory/splendor", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - God", "*ephōtisen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - illuminated/enlightened", "*lychnos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - lamp/light", "*Arnion*": "nominative, neuter, singular - Lamb" }, "variants": { "*polis*": "city/town", "*chreian*": "need/necessity/requirement", "*echei*": "has/holds/possesses", "*hēliou*": "sun/solar body", "*selēnēs*": "moon/lunar body", "*phainōsin*": "might shine/might appear/might give light", "*doxa*": "glory/splendor/radiance/honor", "*ephōtisen*": "illuminated/enlightened/gave light to", "*lychnos*": "lamp/light/illumination source", "*Arnion*": "Lamb (symbolic reference to Christ)" } }
• Judg 13:21-22 : 21 { "verseID": "Judges.13.21", "source": "וְלֹא־יָ֤סַף עוֹד֙ מַלְאַ֣ךְ יְהוָ֔ה לְהֵרָאֹ֖ה אֶל־מָנ֣וֹחַ וְאֶל־אִשְׁתּ֑וֹ אָ֚ז יָדַ֣ע מָנ֔וֹחַ כִּֽי־מַלְאַ֥ךְ יְהוָ֖ה הֽוּא׃", "text": "And *wə-* not *lōʾ-yāsap* again *ʿôd* *malʾak* *YHWH* to *ləhērāʾōh* to *ʾel-mānôaḥ* and to *wə-ʾel-ʾištô*. Then *ʾāz* *yādaʿ* *mānôaḥ* that *kî-malʾak* *YHWH* *hûʾ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-lōʾ-yāsap*": "waw conjunction + negative particle + Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he did not continue", "*ʿôd*": "adverb - again/still/further", "*malʾak*": "noun, masculine singular construct - messenger/angel of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - personal name of God", "*ləhērāʾōh*": "preposition lamed + Niphal infinitive construct - to appear/be seen", "*ʾel-mānôaḥ*": "preposition + proper noun - to Manoah", "*wə-ʾel-ʾištô*": "waw conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and to his wife", "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then", "*yādaʿ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - knew", "*mānôaḥ*": "proper noun - Manoah", "*kî-malʾak*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - that messenger/angel of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - personal name of God", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he" }, "variants": { "*lōʾ-yāsap*": "did not continue/appeared no more/did not add", "*ləhērāʾōh*": "to appear/to be seen/to show himself", "*yādaʿ*": "knew/realized/understood" } } 22 { "verseID": "Judges.13.22", "source": "וַיֹּ֧אמֶר מָנ֛וֹחַ אֶל־אִשְׁתּ֖וֹ מ֣וֹת נָמ֑וּת כִּ֥י אֱלֹהִ֖ים רָאִֽינוּ׃", "text": "And *wə-* *yōʾmer* *mānôaḥ* to *ʾel-ʾištô*, dying *môt* *nāmût* for *kî* *ʾĕlōhîm* *rāʾînû*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*mānôaḥ*": "proper noun - Manoah", "*ʾel-ʾištô*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to his wife", "*môt*": "Qal infinitive absolute - dying", "*nāmût*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person plural - we shall die", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*rāʾînû*": "Qal perfect, 1st person plural - we have seen" }, "variants": { "*môt nāmût*": "we shall surely die/we are doomed to die", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/divine being/deity", "*rāʾînû*": "we have seen/we have beheld/we have witnessed" } }
• 1 Kgs 22:19 : 19 { "verseID": "1 Kings.22.19", "source": "וַיֹּ֕אמֶר לָכֵ֖ן שְׁמַ֣ע דְּבַר־יְהוָ֑ה רָאִ֤יתִי אֶת־יְהוָה֙ יֹשֵׁ֣ב עַל־כִּסְא֔וֹ וְכָל־צְבָ֤א הַשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ עֹמֵ֣ד עָלָ֔יו מִימִינ֖וֹ וּמִשְּׂמֹאלֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer*, therefore *šəmaʿ dəb̄ar-YHWH*: *rāʾîtî ʾet-YHWH yōšēb̄* upon-*kisʾô*, and-all-*ṣəb̄āʾ* the-*šāmayim ʿōmēd* upon-him, from-*yəmînô* and-from-*śəmōʾlô*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said", "*šəmaʿ*": "qal imperative ms - hear/listen", "*dəb̄ar-YHWH*": "construct noun phrase - word of YHWH", "*rāʾîtî*": "qal perfect 1cs - I saw", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*yōšēb̄*": "qal participle ms - sitting", "*kisʾô*": "masculine singular noun with 3ms suffix - his throne", "*ṣəb̄āʾ*": "masculine singular construct - host/army of", "*šāmayim*": "masculine dual/plural noun with definite article - the heaven(s)", "*ʿōmēd*": "qal participle ms - standing", "*yəmînô*": "feminine singular noun with 3ms suffix - his right hand/side", "*śəmōʾlô*": "feminine singular noun with 3ms suffix - his left hand/side" }, "variants": { "*šəmaʿ*": "hear/listen/heed/obey", "*dəb̄ar*": "word/speech/saying/matter", "*rāʾîtî*": "I saw/observed/beheld", "*yōšēb̄*": "sitting/dwelling/residing/enthroned", "*kisʾô*": "his throne/seat", "*ṣəb̄āʾ*": "host/army/warriors/assembled group", "*šāmayim*": "heaven(s)/sky", "*ʿōmēd*": "standing/positioned/serving", "*yəmînô*": "his right hand/side/south side", "*śəmōʾlô*": "his left hand/side/north side" } }
• Song 6:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Song of Songs.6.10", "source": "מִי־זֹ֥את הַנִּשְׁקָפָ֖ה כְּמוֹ־שָׁ֑חַר יָפָ֣ה כַלְּבָנָ֗ה בָּרָה֙ כַּֽחַמָּ֔ה אֲיֻמָּ֖ה כַּנִּדְגָּלֽוֹת׃", "text": "Who is *zōʾt* the *nišqāpâ* like *šāḥar*, *yāpâ* like the *ləbānâ*, *bārâ* like the *ḥammâ*, *ʾăyummâ* like *nidgālôt*?", "grammar": { "*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*nišqāpâ*": "participle, feminine singular, Niphal - the one looking down/appearing", "*šāḥar*": "noun, masculine singular - dawn", "*yāpâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - beautiful/fair", "*ləbānâ*": "noun, feminine singular - moon", "*bārâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - pure/clear", "*ḥammâ*": "noun, feminine singular - sun", "*ʾăyummâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - awesome/terrible/imposing", "*nidgālôt*": "noun, feminine plural - armies with banners" }, "variants": { "*nišqāpâ*": "looking down/appearing/looking forth", "*šāḥar*": "dawn/morning", "*yāpâ*": "beautiful/fair/lovely", "*bārâ*": "pure/clear/bright", "*ʾăyummâ*": "awesome/terrible/imposing/majestic", "*nidgālôt*": "armies with banners/bannered hosts" } }
• Isa 6:1-5 : 1 { "verseID": "Isaiah.6.1", "source": "בִּשְׁנַת־מוֹת֙ הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ עֻזִּיָּ֔הוּ וָאֶרְאֶ֧ה אֶת־אֲדֹנָ֛י יֹשֵׁ֥ב עַל־כִּסֵּ֖א רָ֣ם וְנִשָּׂ֑א וְשׁוּלָ֖יו מְלֵאִ֥ים אֶת־הַהֵיכָֽל׃", "text": "In *shənat-mot* the *melek* *ʿUzziyyāhû* *wāʾerʾeh* *ʾet*-*ʾădōnāy* *yōshēb* upon-*kissēʾ* *rām* *wəniśśāʾ* and *shûlāyw* *məlēʾîm* *ʾet*-the *hêkāl*.", "grammar": { "*shənat-mot*": "construct state - year of death", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the king", "*ʿUzziyyāhû*": "proper noun - Uzziah", "*wāʾerʾeh*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 1st person singular - and I saw", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my Lord", "*yōshēb*": "qal participle, masculine singular - sitting/enthroned", "*kissēʾ*": "noun, masculine singular - throne", "*rām*": "adjective, masculine singular - high/exalted", "*wəniśśāʾ*": "waw conjunction + niphal participle, masculine singular - and lifted up/exalted", "*shûlāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his train/hem/skirts", "*məlēʾîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - filling/full", "*hêkāl*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the temple/palace" }, "variants": { "*ʾădōnāy*": "Lord/Master/my Lord (divine title)", "*kissēʾ*": "throne/seat of honor", "*rām*": "high/exalted/lofty", "*niśśāʾ*": "lifted up/exalted/elevated", "*shûlāyw*": "train/hem/skirts/flowing robe edges", "*hêkāl*": "temple/palace/sanctuary" } } 2 { "verseID": "Isaiah.6.2", "source": "שְׂרָפִ֨ים עֹמְדִ֤ים ׀ מִמַּ֙עַל֙ ל֔וֹ שֵׁ֧שׁ כְּנָפַ֛יִם שֵׁ֥שׁ כְּנָפַ֖יִם לְאֶחָ֑ד בִּשְׁתַּ֣יִם ׀ יְכַסֶּ֣ה פָנָ֗יו וּבִשְׁתַּ֛יִם יְכַסֶּ֥ה רַגְלָ֖יו וּבִשְׁתַּ֥יִם יְעוֹפֵֽף׃", "text": "*Śərāp̄im* *ʿōmədîm* above *lô* *shēsh* *kənāp̄ayim* *shēsh* *kənāp̄ayim* to *ʾeḥād* with *shtayim* *yəkasseh* *p̄ānāyw* and with *shtayim* *yəkasseh* *raglāyw* and with *shtayim* *yəʿôp̄ēp̄*.", "grammar": { "*Śərāp̄im*": "noun, masculine plural - seraphim/burning ones", "*ʿōmədîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - standing", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to/for him", "*shēsh*": "cardinal number, feminine - six", "*kənāp̄ayim*": "noun, feminine dual - wings/pair of wings", "*ʾeḥād*": "cardinal number, masculine singular - one/each", "*shtayim*": "cardinal number, feminine dual - two/pair", "*yəkasseh*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he covers/was covering", "*p̄ānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his face", "*raglāyw*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his feet", "*yəʿôp̄ēp̄*": "polel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he flies/was flying" }, "variants": { "*Śərāp̄im*": "burning ones/fiery serpent-like beings/celestial beings", "*mimmaʿal*": "from above/overhead/on high", "*kənāp̄ayim*": "wings/extremities", "*p̄ānāyw*": "face/presence/front", "*raglāyw*": "feet/legs (potentially euphemistic for genitals)" } } 3 { "verseID": "Isaiah.6.3", "source": "וְקָרָ֨א זֶ֤ה אֶל־זֶה֙ וְאָמַ֔ר קָד֧וֹשׁ ׀ קָד֛וֹשׁ קָד֖וֹשׁ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֑וֹת מְלֹ֥א כָל־הָאָ֖רֶץ כְּבוֹדֽוֹ׃", "text": "*Wəqārāʾ* this to this *wəʾāmar* *qādôsh* *qādôsh* *qādôsh* *YHWH* *tsəbāʾôt* *məlōʾ* all-the *ʾārets* *kəbôdô*.", "grammar": { "*Wəqārāʾ*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and called/was calling", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this one", "*wəʾāmar*": "waw conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and said", "*qādôsh*": "adjective, masculine singular - holy", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*tsəbāʾôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - of hosts/armies", "*məlōʾ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fullness of", "*ʾārets*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the earth/land", "*kəbôdô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his glory" }, "variants": { "*qārāʾ*": "called/cried out/proclaimed", "*qādôsh*": "holy/set apart/sacred", "*YHWH tsəbāʾôt*": "LORD of hosts/armies/heavenly forces", "*ʾārets*": "earth/land/territory", "*kābôd*": "glory/honor/presence/weight" } } 4 { "verseID": "Isaiah.6.4", "source": "וַיָּנֻ֙עוּ֙ אַמּ֣וֹת הַסִּפִּ֔ים מִקּ֖וֹל הַקּוֹרֵ֑א וְהַבַּ֖יִת יִמָּלֵ֥א עָשָֽׁן׃", "text": "*Wayyānuʿû* *ʾammôt* the *sippîm* from *qôl* the *qôrēʾ* *wəhabbayit* *yimmālēʾ* *ʿāshān*.", "grammar": { "*Wayyānuʿû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd person plural - and they shook/moved", "*ʾammôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - foundations/doorposts of", "*sippîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the thresholds/doorframes", "*qôl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - voice of", "*qôrēʾ*": "qal participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one calling", "*wəhabbayit*": "waw conjunction + noun, masculine singular with definite article - and the house/temple", "*yimmālēʾ*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - was filled/became full", "*ʿāshān*": "noun, masculine singular - smoke" }, "variants": { "*nûaʿ*": "shake/tremble/move back and forth", "*ʾammôt*": "foundations/doorposts/pillars", "*sippîm*": "thresholds/doorframes", "*qôl*": "voice/sound/noise", "*qôrēʾ*": "caller/proclaimer/one crying out", "*bayit*": "house/temple/dwelling", "*ʿāshān*": "smoke/vapor" } } 5 { "verseID": "Isaiah.6.5", "source": "וָאֹמַ֞ר אֽוֹי־לִ֣י כִֽי־נִדְמֵ֗יתִי כִּ֣י אִ֤ישׁ טְמֵֽא־שְׂפָתַ֙יִם֙ אָנֹ֔כִי וּבְתוֹךְ֙ עַם־טְמֵ֣א שְׂפָתַ֔יִם אָנֹכִ֖י יוֹשֵׁ֑ב כִּ֗י אֶת־הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ יְהוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת רָא֥וּ עֵינָֽי׃", "text": "*Wāʾōmar* *ʾôy-lî* *kî-nidmêtî* for *ʾîsh* *təmēʾ-śəp̄ātayim* *ʾānōkî* and in *tôk* *ʿam-təmēʾ* *śəp̄ātayim* *ʾānōkî* *yôshēb* for *ʾet*-the *melek* *YHWH* *tsəbāʾôt* *rāʾû* *ʿênāy*.", "grammar": { "*Wāʾōmar*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 1st person singular - and I said", "*ʾôy-lî*": "interjection + preposition with 1st person singular suffix - woe to me", "*kî-nidmêtî*": "conjunction + niphal perfect, 1st person singular - for I am undone/ruined/cut off", "*ʾîsh*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*təmēʾ-śəp̄ātayim*": "adjective, masculine singular + noun, feminine dual - unclean of lips", "*ʾānōkî*": "personal pronoun, 1st person singular - I", "*tôk*": "noun, masculine singular construct - midst of", "*ʿam-təmēʾ*": "noun, masculine singular + adjective, masculine singular - people unclean", "*śəp̄ātayim*": "noun, feminine dual - lips", "*yôshēb*": "qal participle, masculine singular - dwelling/sitting", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the king", "*YHWH*": "divine name - LORD", "*tsəbāʾôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - of hosts/armies", "*rāʾû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - have seen", "*ʿênāy*": "noun, feminine dual with 1st person singular suffix - my eyes" }, "variants": { "*ʾôy*": "woe/alas/grief", "*nidmêtî*": "I am undone/ruined/cut off/silenced/destroyed", "*təmēʾ*": "unclean/impure/defiled", "*śəp̄ātayim*": "lips/speech/language", "*tôk*": "midst/among/inside", "*yôshēb*": "dwelling/residing/sitting/remaining", "*melek*": "king/sovereign", "*YHWH tsəbāʾôt*": "LORD of hosts/armies/heavenly forces" } }
• Ezek 1:26-28 : 26 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.1.26", "source": "וּמִמַּ֗עַל לָרָקִ֙יעַ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל־רֹאשָׁ֔ם כְּמַרְאֵ֥ה אֶֽבֶן־סַפִּ֖יר דְּמ֣וּת כִּסֵּ֑א וְעַל֙ דְּמ֣וּת הַכִּסֵּ֔א דְּמ֞וּת כְּמַרְאֵ֥ה אָדָ֛ם עָלָ֖יו מִלְמָֽעְלָה׃", "text": "*û-mimmaʿal lā-rāqîaʿ ʾăšer ʿal-rōʾšām kə-marʾêh ʾeben-sappîr dəmût kissēʾ wə-ʿal dəmût ha-kissēʾ dəmût kə-marʾêh ʾādām ʿālāw milmāʿəlâ*", "grammar": { "*û-mimmaʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and from above", "*lā-rāqîaʿ*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - the firmament/expanse", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*ʿal-rōʾšām*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - [was] over their heads", "*kə-marʾêh*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - like appearance of", "*ʾeben-sappîr*": "feminine singular construct + masculine singular noun - stone of sapphire", "*dəmût*": "feminine singular construct - likeness of", "*kissēʾ*": "masculine singular noun - throne", "*wə-ʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and upon", "*dəmût*": "feminine singular construct - likeness of", "*ha-kissēʾ*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the throne", "*dəmût*": "feminine singular construct - likeness", "*kə-marʾêh*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - like appearance of", "*ʾādām*": "masculine singular noun - human/man", "*ʿālāw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - upon it", "*milmāʿəlâ*": "preposition + adverb - from above/upward" }, "variants": { "*sappîr*": "sapphire/lapis lazuli/blue stone", "*dəmût*": "likeness/form/shape/resemblance" } } 27 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.1.27", "source": "וָאֵ֣רֶא ׀ כְּעֵ֣ין חַשְׁמַ֗ל כְּמַרְאֵה־אֵ֤שׁ בֵּֽית־לָהּ֙ סָבִ֔יב מִמַּרְאֵ֥ה מָתְנָ֖יו וּלְמָ֑עְלָה וּמִמַּרְאֵ֤ה מָתְנָיו֙ וּלְמַ֔טָּה רָאִ֙יתִי֙ כְּמַרְאֵה־אֵ֔שׁ וְנֹ֥גַֽהּ ל֖וֹ סָבִֽיב׃", "text": "*wā-ʾēreʾ kə-ʿên ḥašmal kə-marʾêh-ʾēš bêt-lāh sābîb mi-marʾêh mātnāw û-ləmāʿəlâ û-mi-marʾêh mātnāyw û-ləmaṭṭâ rāʾîtî kə-marʾêh-ʾēš wə-nōgah lô sābîb*", "grammar": { "*wā-ʾēreʾ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 1st person singular - and I saw", "*kə-ʿên*": "preposition + construct form - like the appearance of", "*ḥašmal*": "masculine singular noun - amber/electrum/gleaming metal", "*kə-marʾêh-ʾēš*": "preposition + masculine singular construct + feminine singular noun - like appearance of fire", "*bêt-lāh*": "masculine singular noun + preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - house to it/enclosure for it", "*sābîb*": "adverb - around/surrounding", "*mi-marʾêh*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - from appearance of", "*mātnāw*": "masculine dual noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his loins/waist", "*û-ləmāʿəlâ*": "conjunction + preposition + adverb - and upward", "*û-mi-marʾêh*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine singular construct - and from appearance of", "*mātnāyw*": "masculine dual noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his loins/waist", "*û-ləmaṭṭâ*": "conjunction + preposition + adverb - and downward", "*rāʾîtî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I saw", "*kə-marʾêh-ʾēš*": "preposition + masculine singular construct + feminine singular noun - like appearance of fire", "*wə-nōgah*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and brightness", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him/it", "*sābîb*": "adverb - around/surrounding" }, "variants": { "*ḥašmal*": "amber/electrum/gleaming alloy/polished bronze [exact meaning uncertain]", "*bêt-lāh*": "house to it/enclosure for it [meaning uncertain, possibly describing fire as enclosed]", "*mātnāw*": "his loins/his waist/his middle" } } 28 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.1.28", "source": "כְּמַרְאֵ֣ה הַקֶּ֡שֶׁת אֲשֶׁר֩ יִֽהְיֶ֨ה בֶעָנָ֜ן בְּי֣וֹם הַגֶּ֗שֶׁם כֵּ֣ן מַרְאֵ֤ה הַנֹּ֙גַהּ֙ סָבִ֔יב ה֕וּא מַרְאֵ֖ה דְּמ֣וּת כְּבוֹד־יְהוָ֑ה וָֽאֶרְאֶה֙ וָאֶפֹּ֣ל עַל־פָּנַ֔י וָאֶשְׁמַ֖ע ק֥וֹל מְדַבֵּֽר׃ ס", "text": "*kə-marʾêh ha-qešet ʾăšer yihyeh be-ʿānān bə-yôm ha-gešem kēn marʾêh ha-nōgah sābîb hûʾ marʾêh dəmût kəbôd-YHWH wā-ʾerʾeh wā-ʾeppōl ʿal-pānay wā-ʾešmaʿ qôl mədabbēr*", "grammar": { "*kə-marʾêh*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - like appearance of", "*ha-qešet*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the bow/rainbow", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - would be", "*be-ʿānān*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - in the cloud", "*bə-yôm*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - in day of", "*ha-gešem*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the rain", "*kēn*": "adverb - thus/so", "*marʾêh*": "masculine singular construct - appearance of", "*ha-nōgah*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the brightness", "*sābîb*": "adverb - around/surrounding", "*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular personal pronoun - it [was]", "*marʾêh*": "masculine singular construct - appearance of", "*dəmût*": "feminine singular construct - likeness of", "*kəbôd-YHWH*": "masculine singular construct + divine name - glory of YHWH/the LORD", "*wā-ʾerʾeh*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 1st person singular - and I saw", "*wā-ʾeppōl*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 1st person singular - and I fell", "*ʿal-pānay*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 1st person singular suffix - on my face", "*wā-ʾešmaʿ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 1st person singular - and I heard", "*qôl*": "masculine singular construct - voice/sound of", "*mədabbēr*": "piel participle masculine singular - speaking" }, "variants": { "*qešet*": "bow/rainbow [likely referring to rainbow]", "*kəbôd-YHWH*": "glory of YHWH/the LORD [manifestation of divine presence]", "*mədabbēr*": "speaking/one speaking" } }
• Exod 3:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Exodus.3.6", "source": "וַיֹּ֗אמֶר אָנֹכִי֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י אָבִ֔יךָ אֱלֹהֵ֧י אַבְרָהָ֛ם אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִצְחָ֖ק וֵאלֹהֵ֣י יַעֲקֹ֑ב וַיַּסְתֵּ֤ר מֹשֶׁה֙ פָּנָ֔יו כִּ֣י יָרֵ֔א מֵהַבִּ֖יט אֶל־הָאֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "*Wayyōʾmer* *ʾānōḵî* *ʾĕlōhê* *ʾāḇîḵā* *ʾĕlōhê* *ʾAḇrāhām* *ʾĕlōhê* *Yiṣḥāq* and-*ʾĕlōhê* *Ya'ăqōḇ* *wayyastēr* *Mōšeh* *pānāw* for *yārēʾ* from-*habbiṭ* to-*hāʾĕlōhîm*.", "grammar": { "*Wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾānōḵî*": "pronoun, 1st person singular - I", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - God of", "*ʾāḇîḵā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your father", "*ʾAḇrāhām*": "proper noun - Abraham", "*Yiṣḥāq*": "proper noun - Isaac", "*Ya'ăqōḇ*": "proper noun - Jacob", "*wayyastēr*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, hiphil - and he hid", "*Mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*pānāw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his face", "*yārēʾ*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he feared/was afraid", "*habbiṭ*": "infinitive construct, hiphil with preposition - from looking", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the God" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhê*": "God of/deity of", "*wayyastēr*": "and he hid/concealed/covered", "*pānāw*": "his face/presence/countenance", "*yārēʾ*": "feared/was afraid/was in awe", "*habbiṭ*": "looking/gazing/beholding" } }