Verse 11

{ "verseID": "Hosea.10.11", "source": "וְאֶפְרַ֜יִם עֶגְלָ֤ה מְלֻמָּדָה֙ אֹהַ֣בְתִּי לָד֔וּשׁ וַאֲנִ֣י עָבַ֔רְתִּי עַל־ט֖וּב צַוָּארָ֑הּ אַרְכִּ֤יב אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙ יַחֲר֣וֹשׁ יְהוּדָ֔ה יְשַׂדֶּד־ל֖וֹ יַעֲקֹֽב׃", "text": "And *ʾEprayim* [is] *ʿeglāh məlummādāh* loving *lādûš*; and I *ʿābartî* upon *ṭûb* her *ṣawwāʾrāh*; I will *ʾarkîb ʾEprayim*, *yaḥărôš Yəhûdāh*, *yəśaddēd* to him *Yaʿăqōb*.", "grammar": { "*ʾEprayim*": "proper noun - Ephraim", "*ʿeglāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - heifer", "*məlummādāh*": "participle, Pual, feminine, singular - trained", "*lādûš*": "preposition + verb, Qal, infinitive construct - to thresh", "*ʿābartî*": "verb, Qal, perfect, 1st person, singular - I passed over", "*ṭûb*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - goodness of", "*ṣawwāʾrāh*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person, feminine, singular suffix - her neck", "*ʾarkîb*": "verb, Hiphil, imperfect, 1st person, singular - I will cause to ride/put a yoke upon", "*yaḥărôš*": "verb, Qal, imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - he will plow", "*Yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*yəśaddēd*": "verb, Piel, imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - he will harrow", "*Yaʿăqōb*": "proper noun - Jacob" }, "variants": { "*ʿābartî*": "I passed over/I placed upon", "*ʾarkîb*": "I will cause to ride/put a yoke upon/make to plow" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Efraim er som en godt opplært kvige som elsker å treske korn. Jeg vil legge åk på hennes vakre nakke. Jeg vil bruke Efraim som plog; Juda skal pløye, og Jakob skal harve.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Efraim er som en opplært kvige som elsker å treske korn; men jeg la et åk på hennes vakre nakke. Jeg vil la Efraim ri; Juda skal pløye, og Jakob skal bryte opp klumpene.

• Norsk King James

  Og Efraim er som en kvige som blir lært opp til å tråkke ut korn; men jeg tok grep om hennes nakke: jeg vil føre Efraim frem; Juda skal pløye, og Jakob skal bearbeide sin mark.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Fordi Efraim er som en trent kalv, som elsker å treske, så legger jeg et lett åk over hennes vakre hals; jeg vil bruke Efraim til arbeid, Juda skal pløye, Jakob skal harve.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Efra'im var som en trenet kvige som elsket å treske. Men jeg la en god åk på hennes nakke; jeg gjorde Efra'im til et arbeidende folk; Juda skulle pløye, Jakob skulle harve for seg.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Og Efraim er som en kvige som er opplært, og som elsker å tråkke ut kornet; men jeg gikk over hennes vakre nakke: jeg vil få Efraim til å ri; Juda skal pløye, og Jakob skal bryte opp sine skiver.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Efraim er som en kalv som er opplært og elsker å trå ut korn, men jeg gikk forbi dens vakre nakke; jeg vil få Efraim til å ri, Juda skal pløye, og Jakob skal bryte opp sine jordklumper.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Og Efraim er som en kvige som er opplært, og som elsker å tråkke ut kornet; men jeg gikk over hennes vakre nakke: jeg vil få Efraim til å ri; Juda skal pløye, og Jakob skal bryte opp sine skiver.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Efraim er en lært kvige som elsker å treske. Jeg vil legge et åk på dens vakre nakke; jeg vil sette Efraim i arbeid, Juda skal pløye, Jakob skal harve.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Ephraim was a trained heifer that loved to thresh, but I will put a yoke on her fair neck. I will drive Ephraim; Judah must plow, and Jacob must break up the ground.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Efraim er en veltrenet kvige som elsker å treske korn, men jeg vil legge åk på dens vakre hals. Jeg vil spenne Efraim, Juda skal pløye, og Jakob skal harve.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Fordi Ephraim er en Kalv, som er oplært og elsker at tærske, saa foer jeg, jeg over hendes skjønne Hals; (ja) jeg vil ride paa Ephraim, Juda skal pløie, Jakob skal harve for sig.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And Ephraim is as an heifer that is taught, and loveth to tread out the corn; but I passed over upon her fair neck: I will make Ephraim to ride; Judah shall plow, and Jacob shall break his clods.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Efraim er som en opplært kvige som elsker å treske korn; men jeg har lagt et åk på hennes vakre nakke; jeg vil sette Efraim til å pløye. Juda skal pløye, og Jakob skal bryte opp klumpene.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  And Ephraim is like a trained heifer that loves to thresh grain; but I put a yoke on her fair neck: I will make Ephraim ride; Judah shall plow, and Jacob shall break his clods.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And Ephraim is as an heifer that is taught, and loveth to tread out the corn; but I passed over upon her fair neck: I will make Ephraim to ride; Judah shall plow, and Jacob shall break his clods.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Efraim er en opplært kvige som elsker å treske; derfor vil jeg legge et åk på hennes vakre nakke. Jeg vil sette en rytter på Efraim. Juda skal pløye. Jakob skal bryte sine klumper.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Efraim er en trenet kvige som elsker å treske, og jeg har lagt et åk over dens vakre hals. Jeg vil ri på Efraim, og Juda skal pløye, Jakob skal harve for seg selv.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Og Efraim er en lært kvige som elsker å treske korn, men jeg har lagt et åk over hennes vakre nakke; jeg vil sette en rytter på Efraim; Juda skal pløye, Jakob skal bryte opp jordklumper.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Efraim er en trent kvige som liker å treske korn; men jeg har lagt et åk på hennes vakre hals; jeg vil sette en rytter på ryggen av Efraim; Juda skal pløye, Jakob skal vende jorden.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Ephraim was vnto me, as a cow that is vsed to go to plowe, therfore I loued him, and fell vpon his fayre neck. I droue Ephraim, Iuda plowed, & Iacob played the hu?bode man:

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And Ephraim is as an heifer vsed to delite in threshing: but I will passe by her faire necke: I will make Ephraim to ride: Iudah shall plowe, and Iaakob shall breake his cloddes.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And Ephraim is as an heyffer vsed to delyte in treadyng out the corne: but I wyll passe by her faire necke, I wyll make Ephraim to ride: Iuda shall plowe, and Iacob shall breake his cloddes.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And Ephraim [is as] an heifer [that is] taught, [and] loveth to tread out [the corn]; but I passed over upon her fair neck: I will make Ephraim to ride; Judah shall plow, [and] Jacob shall break his clods.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Ephraim is a trained heifer that loves to thresh; So I will put a yoke on her beautiful neck. I will set a rider on Ephraim. Judah will plow. Jacob will break his clods.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And Ephraim `is' a trained heifer -- loving to thresh, And I -- I have passed over on the goodness of its neck, I cause `one' to ride Ephraim, Plough doth Judah, harrow for him doth Jacob.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And Ephraim is a heifer that is taught, that loveth to tread out [the grain] ; but I have passed over upon her fair neck: I will set a rider on Ephraim; Judah shall plow, Jacob shall break his clods.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And Ephraim is a trained cow, taking pleasure in crushing the grain; but I have put a yoke on her fair neck; I will put a horseman on the back of Ephraim; Judah will be working the plough, Jacob will be turning up the earth.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Ephraim is a trained heifer that loves to thresh; so I will put a yoke on her beautiful neck. I will set a rider on Ephraim. Judah will plow. Jacob will break his clods.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Fertility Imagery: Plowing, Sowing, and Reaping Ephraim was a well-trained heifer who loved to thresh grain; I myself put a fine yoke on her neck. I will harness Ephraim. Let Judah plow! Let Jacob break up the unplowed ground for himself!

Referenced Verses

• Hos 4:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Hosea.4.16", "source": "כִּ֚י כְּפָרָ֣ה סֹֽרֵרָ֔ה סָרַ֖ר יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל עַתָּה֙ יִרְעֵ֣ם יְהוָ֔ה כְּכֶ֖בֶשׂ בַּמֶּרְחָֽב׃", "text": "*kî* *kə-pārâ* *sōrērâ* *sārar* *Yiśrāʾēl* *ʿattâ* *yirʿēm* *YHWH* *kə-kebeś* *ba-mmerḥāb*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*kə-pārâ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - like a heifer/cow", "*sōrērâ*": "participle, feminine singular, qal - stubborn/rebellious", "*sārar*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - has been stubborn/rebellious", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʿattâ*": "adverb - now", "*yirʿēm*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he will feed/pasture them", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*kə-kebeś*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - like a lamb", "*ba-mmerḥāb*": "preposition + noun with definite article, masculine singular - in the broad/wide place" }, "variants": { "*pārâ*": "heifer/cow", "*sārar*": "be stubborn/rebellious/defiant", "*rāʿâ*": "feed/pasture/tend/shepherd", "*kebeś*": "lamb/sheep", "*merḥāb*": "broad/wide place/open space" } }
• Deut 25:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.25.4", "source": "לֹא־תַחְסֹ֥ם שׁ֖וֹר בְּדִישֽׁוֹ׃", "text": "Not *taḥsōm* *šôr* in-*dîšô*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*taḥsōm*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you shall muzzle", "*šôr*": "noun masculine singular - ox", "*bə-dîšô*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - in its threshing" }, "variants": { "*taḥsōm*": "muzzle/prevent from eating", "*dîš*": "threshing/treading/trampling" } }
• Jer 50:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.50.11", "source": "כִּ֤י *תשמחי **תִשְׂמְחוּ֙ כִּ֣י *תעלזי **תַֽעֲלְז֔וּ שֹׁסֵ֖י נַחֲלָתִ֑י כִּ֤י *תפושי **תָפ֙וּשׁוּ֙ כְּעֶגְלָ֣ה דָשָׁ֔ה *ותצהלי **וְתִצְהֲל֖וּ כָּאֲבִּרִֽים׃", "text": "For *tiśmĕḥû* for *taʿalzû* *šōsê* *naḥălātî* for *tāpûšû* like-*ʿeglâ* *dāšâ* and-*tiṣhalû* like-*ʾabbîrîm*.", "grammar": { "*tiśmĕḥû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you rejoice (Kethib/Qere variant in source - feminine singular/masculine plural)", "*taʿalzû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you exult (Kethib/Qere variant in source - feminine singular/masculine plural)", "*šōsê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - plunderers of", "*naḥălātî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st singular suffix - my inheritance/heritage", "*tāpûšû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you grow fat/spring about (Kethib/Qere variant in source - feminine singular/masculine plural)", "*ʿeglâ*": "noun, feminine singular - heifer", "*dāšâ*": "qal participle, feminine singular - threshing", "*tiṣhalû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you neigh (Kethib/Qere variant in source - feminine singular/masculine plural)", "*ʾabbîrîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - mighty/strong ones" }, "variants": { "*tiśmĕḥû*": "you rejoice/are glad", "*taʿalzû*": "you exult/rejoice greatly", "*šōsê*": "plunderers/spoilers/looters of", "*tāpûšû*": "you grow fat/spring about/frisk", "*dāšâ*": "threshing/trampling grain", "*tiṣhalû*": "you neigh/make loud sounds", "*ʾabbîrîm*": "mighty ones/stallions/steeds" } }
• Hos 2:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Hosea.2.5", "source": "‫פֶּן־אַפְשִׁיטֶ֣נָּה עֲרֻמָּ֔ה וְהִ֨צַּגְתִּ֔יהָ כְּי֖וֹם הִוָּֽלְדָ֑הּ וְשַׂמְתִּ֣יהָ כַמִּדְבָּ֗ר וְשַׁתִּ֙הָ֙ כְּאֶ֣רֶץ צִיָּ֔ה וַהֲמִתִּ֖יהָ בַּצָּמָֽא׃‬", "text": "Lest-*ʾapšîṭennāh* *ʿărummāh* and *hiṣṣagtîhā* like-*yôm* *hiwwāldāh*, and *śamtîhā* like-the-*midbār* and *šattihā* like-*ʾereṣ* *ṣiyyāh*, and *hamittîhā* with-the-*ṣāmāʾ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾapšîṭennāh*": "hiphil imperfect, 1st singular + object suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - I will strip her", "*ʿărummāh*": "adjective, feminine, singular - naked", "*hiṣṣagtîhā*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular + object suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - I will set/place her", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine, singular - day", "*hiwwāldāh*": "niphal infinitive construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - her being born", "*śamtîhā*": "qal perfect, 1st singular + object suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - I will make her", "*midbār*": "noun, masculine, singular - wilderness", "*šattihā*": "qal perfect, 1st singular + object suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - I will set her", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular - land", "*ṣiyyāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - drought/dryness", "*hamittîhā*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular + object suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - I will kill her", "*ṣāmāʾ*": "noun, masculine, singular - thirst" }, "variants": { "*ʾapšîṭennāh*": "I will strip/undress/remove clothing from her", "*ʿărummāh*": "naked/bare/exposed", "*hiṣṣagtîhā*": "I will set/place/establish her", "*yôm*": "day/time", "*hiwwāldāh*": "her being born/her birth", "*śamtîhā*": "I will make/place/establish her", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*šattihā*": "I will set/place/establish her", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/earth/ground", "*ṣiyyāh*": "drought/dryness/parched land", "*hamittîhā*": "I will kill/put to death/cause to die", "*ṣāmāʾ*": "thirst/dryness" } }
• Hos 3:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Hosea.3.1", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֵלַ֗י ע֚וֹד לֵ֣ךְ אֱ‍ֽהַב־אִשָּׁ֔ה אֲהֻ֥בַת רֵ֖עַ וּמְנָאָ֑פֶת כְּאַהֲבַ֤ת יְהוָה֙ אֶת־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְהֵ֗ם פֹּנִים֙ אֶל־אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֔ים וְאֹהֲבֵ֖י אֲשִׁישֵׁ֥י עֲנָבִֽים׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to-me, yet *lēk* *ʾĕhab*-*ʾiššāh* *ʾăhūbat* *rēaʿ* and-*mənāʾāpet* according-to-*ʾahăbat* *YHWH* *ʾet*-sons-of *Yiśrāʾēl* and-they *pōnîm* to-*ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* and-*ʾōhăbê* *ʾăšîšê* *ʿănābîm*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*lēk*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - go", "*ʾĕhab*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - love", "*ʾiššāh*": "noun, feminine singular - woman", "*ʾăhūbat*": "passive participle construct, feminine singular - beloved of", "*rēaʿ*": "noun, masculine singular - friend/companion/another", "*mənāʾāpet*": "piel participle, feminine singular - adulteress/committing adultery", "*ʾahăbat*": "noun construct, feminine singular - love of", "*pōnîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - turning/facing", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - other", "*ʾōhăbê*": "qal participle construct, masculine plural - lovers of", "*ʾăšîšê*": "noun construct, feminine plural - cakes of", "*ʿănābîm*": "noun, masculine plural - grapes/raisins" }, "variants": { "*rēaʿ*": "friend/companion/neighbor/another/lover", "*mənāʾāpet*": "adulteress/adulterous woman/one who commits adultery", "*pōnîm*": "turning to/facing/regarding/inclining toward", "*ʾăšîšê ʿănābîm*": "raisin cakes/grape cakes (possibly used in pagan rituals)" } }
• 2 Chr 28:5-8 : 5 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.28.5", "source": "וַֽיִּתְּנֵ֜הוּ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהָיו֮ בְּיַ֣ד מֶ֣לֶךְ אֲרָם֒ וַיַּ֨כּוּ־ב֔וֹ וַיִּשְׁבּ֤וּ מִמֶּ֙נּוּ֙ שִׁבְיָ֣ה גְדוֹלָ֔ה וַיָּבִ֖יאוּ דַּרְמָ֑שֶׂק וְ֠גַם בְּיַד־מֶ֤לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ נִתָּ֔ן וַיַּךְ־בּ֖וֹ מַכָּ֥ה גְדוֹלָֽה׃", "text": "*wayyittənêhû* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhāyw* *bəyad* *melek* *ʾărām* *wayyakkû*-*ḇô* *wayyishbû* *mimmennû* *shiḇyāh* *gədôlāh* *wayyāḇîʾû* *Darmeśeq* *wəgam* *bəyad*-*melek* *Yiśrāʾêl* *nittān* *wayyak*-*bô* *makkāh* *gədôlāh*", "grammar": { "*wayyittənêhû*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular qal imperfect waw-consecutive + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he gave him", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his God", "*bəyad*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - in hand of", "*melek*": "masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʾărām*": "proper noun - Aram/Syria", "*wayyakkû*-*ḇô*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine plural hiphil imperfect waw-consecutive + preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and they struck against him", "*wayyishbû*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine plural qal imperfect waw-consecutive - and they took captive", "*mimmennû*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - from him", "*shiḇyāh*": "feminine singular noun - captivity/captives/group of prisoners", "*gədôlāh*": "feminine singular adjective - great", "*wayyāḇîʾû*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine plural hiphil imperfect waw-consecutive - and they brought", "*Darmeśeq*": "proper noun - Damascus", "*wəgam*": "conjunction + adverb - and also", "*bəyad*-*melek*": "preposition + feminine singular construct + masculine singular construct - in hand of king of", "*Yiśrāʾêl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*nittān*": "3rd masculine singular niphal perfect - he was given", "*wayyak*-*bô*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular hiphil imperfect waw-consecutive + preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he struck against him", "*makkāh*": "feminine singular noun - blow/wound/defeat/slaughter", "*gədôlāh*": "feminine singular adjective - great" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕlōhāyw*": "his God/his gods (plural form with singular meaning)", "*shiḇyāh*": "captivity/captives/group of prisoners", "*makkāh*": "blow/wound/defeat/slaughter" } } 6 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.28.6", "source": "וַיַּהֲרֹג֩ פֶּ֨קַח בֶּן־רְמַלְיָ֜הוּ בִּֽיהוּדָ֗ה מֵאָ֨ה וְעֶשְׂרִ֥ים אֶ֛לֶף בְּי֥וֹם אֶחָ֖ד הַכֹּ֣ל בְּנֵי־חָ֑יִל בְּעָזְבָ֕ם אֶת־יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י אֲבוֹתָֽם׃", "text": "*wayyaharōg* *Peqaḥ* *ben*-*Rəmalyāhû* *bîhûdāh* *mêʾāh* *wəʿeśrîm* *ʾelep* *bəyôm* *ʾeḥād* *hakkōl* *bənê*-*ḥāyil* *bəʿāzḇām* *ʾet*-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *ʾaḇôtām*", "grammar": { "*wayyaharōg*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular qal imperfect waw-consecutive - and he killed", "*Peqaḥ*": "proper noun - Pekah", "*ben*-*Rəmalyāhû*": "construct state + proper noun - son of Remaliah", "*bîhûdāh*": "preposition + proper noun - in Judah", "*mêʾāh*": "feminine singular number - hundred", "*wəʿeśrîm*": "conjunction + plural number - and twenty", "*ʾelep*": "masculine singular noun - thousand", "*bəyôm*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - in day", "*ʾeḥād*": "masculine singular number - one", "*hakkōl*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the all/all of them", "*bənê*-*ḥāyil*": "masculine plural construct + masculine singular noun - sons of strength/men of valor", "*bəʿāzḇām*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - in their forsaking", "*ʾet*-*YHWH*": "direct object marker + divine name - Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - God of", "*ʾaḇôtām*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their fathers" }, "variants": { "*bənê*-*ḥāyil*": "men of valor/valiant men/warriors", "*bəʿāzḇām*": "because they forsook/in their abandoning" } } 7 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.28.7", "source": "וַֽיַּהֲרֹ֞ג זִכְרִ֣י ׀ גִּבּ֣וֹר אֶפְרַ֗יִם אֶת־מַעֲשֵׂיָ֙הוּ֙ בֶּן־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְאֶת־עַזְרִיקָ֖ם נְגִ֣יד הַבָּ֑יִת וְאֶת־אֶלְקָנָ֖ה מִשְׁנֵ֥ה הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃", "text": "*wayyaharōg* *Ziḵrî* *gibbôr* *ʾEprayim* *ʾet*-*Maʿaśêyāhû* *ben*-*hammelek* *wəʾet*-*ʿAzrîqām* *nəgîd* *habbāyit* *wəʾet*-*ʾElqānāh* *mishnêh* *hammelek*", "grammar": { "*wayyaharōg*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular qal imperfect waw-consecutive - and he killed", "*Ziḵrî*": "proper noun - Zichri", "*gibbôr*": "masculine singular construct - mighty man of", "*ʾEprayim*": "proper noun - Ephraim", "*ʾet*-*Maʿaśêyāhû*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Maaseiah", "*ben*-*hammelek*": "construct state + definite article + masculine singular noun - son of the king", "*wəʾet*-*ʿAzrîqām*": "conjunction + direct object marker + proper noun - and Azrikam", "*nəgîd*": "masculine singular construct - leader of", "*habbāyit*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the house", "*wəʾet*-*ʾElqānāh*": "conjunction + direct object marker + proper noun - and Elkanah", "*mishnêh*": "masculine singular construct - second to", "*hammelek*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the king" }, "variants": { "*gibbôr*": "mighty man/warrior/hero", "*nəgîd*": "leader/ruler/commander", "*mishnêh* *hammelek*": "second to the king/deputy of the king" } } 8 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.28.8", "source": "וַיִּשְׁבּוּ֩ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֨ל מֵֽאֲחֵיהֶ֜ם מָאתַ֣יִם אֶ֗לֶף נָשִׁים֙ בָּנִ֣ים וּבָנ֔וֹת וְגַם־שָׁלָ֥ל רָ֖ב בָּזְז֣וּ מֵהֶ֑ם וַיָּבִ֥יאוּ אֶת־הַשָּׁלָ֖ל לְשֹׁמְרֽוֹן׃", "text": "*wayyishbû* *bənê*-*Yiśrāʾêl* *mêʾaḥêhem* *māʾtayim* *ʾelep* *nāshîm* *bānîm* *ûḇānôt* *wəgam*-*shālāl* *rāḇ* *bāzəzû* *mêhem* *wayyāḇîʾû* *ʾet*-*hashshālāl* *ləShōmərôn*", "grammar": { "*wayyishbû*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine plural qal imperfect waw-consecutive - and they took captive", "*bənê*-*Yiśrāʾêl*": "masculine plural construct + proper noun - sons of Israel", "*mêʾaḥêhem*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - from their brothers", "*māʾtayim*": "dual number - two hundred", "*ʾelep*": "masculine singular noun - thousand", "*nāshîm*": "feminine plural noun - women", "*bānîm*": "masculine plural noun - sons", "*ûḇānôt*": "conjunction + feminine plural noun - and daughters", "*wəgam*-*shālāl*": "conjunction + adverb + masculine singular noun - and also spoil/plunder", "*rāḇ*": "masculine singular adjective - great/much", "*bāzəzû*": "3rd masculine plural qal perfect - they plundered", "*mêhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - from them", "*wayyāḇîʾû*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine plural hiphil imperfect waw-consecutive - and they brought", "*ʾet*-*hashshālāl*": "direct object marker + definite article + masculine singular noun - the spoil/plunder", "*ləShōmərôn*": "preposition + proper noun - to Samaria" }, "variants": { "*shālāl*": "spoil/plunder/booty", "*bāzəzû*": "plundered/looted/seized as spoil" } }
• Isa 28:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Isaiah.28.24", "source": "הֲכֹל הַיּוֹם יַחֲרֹשׁ הַחֹרֵשׁ לִזְרֹעַ יְפַתַּח וִישַׂדֵּד אַדְמָתוֹ", "text": "?-all *hayyôm* *yaḥărōš* *haḥōrēš* to-*lizrōaʿ* *yəp̄attaḥ* and-*wiśaddēḏ* *ʾaḏmāṯô*", "grammar": { "*hayyôm*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the day", "*yaḥărōš*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he plows", "*haḥōrēš*": "definite article + qal participle masculine singular - the plower", "*lizrōaʿ*": "qal infinitive construct - to sow", "*yəp̄attaḥ*": "piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he breaks up", "*wiśaddēḏ*": "conjunction + piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he harrows", "*ʾaḏmāṯô*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his ground" }, "variants": { "*yaḥărōš*": "plows/tills", "*yəp̄attaḥ*": "breaks up/opens", "*wiśaddēḏ*": "harrows/levels/smooths", "*ʾaḏmāṯô*": "his ground/his soil/his land" } }
• Hos 9:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Hosea.9.1", "source": "אַל־תִּשְׂמַ֨ח יִשְׂרָאֵ֤ל ׀ אֶל־גִּיל֙ כָּֽעַמִּ֔ים כִּ֥י זָנִ֖יתָ מֵעַ֣ל אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ אָהַ֣בְתָּ אֶתְנָ֔ן עַ֖ל כָּל־גָּרְנ֥וֹת דָּגָֽן׃", "text": "Not *tiśmaḥ* *yiśrāʾēl* to *gîl* like-the-*ʿammîm* because *zānîtā* from-upon *ʾĕlōhêkā*; *ʾāhabtā* *ʾetnān* upon all-*gornôt* of-*dāgān*.", "grammar": { "*tiśmaḥ*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular with negative particle - 'do not rejoice'", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun, vocative - 'Israel' (addressed)", "*gîl*": "infinitive construct - 'rejoicing/joy'", "*ʿammîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'peoples/nations'", "*zānîtā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - 'you committed fornication/were unfaithful'", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'your God'", "*ʾāhabtā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - 'you loved'", "*ʾetnān*": "noun - 'payment/hire (for prostitution)'", "*gornôt*": "plural construct form of *gōren* - 'threshing floors of'", "*dāgān*": "masculine singular noun - 'grain/corn'" }, "variants": { "*gîl*": "rejoicing/joy/exultation", "*zānîtā*": "you committed prostitution/were unfaithful/played the harlot", "*ʾetnān*": "payment for prostitution/hire/wages of prostitution", "*gornôt*": "threshing floors/granaries", "*dāgān*": "grain/corn/wheat" } }
• Hos 11:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Hosea.11.4", "source": "בְּחַבְלֵ֨י אָדָ֤ם אֶמְשְׁכֵם֙ בַּעֲבֹת֣וֹת אַהֲבָ֔ה וָאֶהְיֶ֥ה לָהֶ֛ם כִּמְרִ֥ימֵי עֹ֖ל עַ֣ל לְחֵיהֶ֑ם וְאַ֥ט אֵלָ֖יו אוֹכִֽיל׃", "text": "With-*ḥablê* *ʾādām* I-*ʾemšəkēm* with-*ʿăbōtôt* *ʾahăbâ* and-I-was to-them as-*mərîmê* *ʿōl* upon *ləḥêhem* and-I-*ʾaṭ* to-him *ʾôkîl*.", "grammar": { "*bə-*": "preposition prefix - with/in", "*ḥablê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - cords/ropes", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/mankind/humanity", "*ʾemšəkēm*": "verb, qal imperfect 1st person singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - I drew them/pulled them", "*bə-*": "preposition prefix - with/in", "*ʿăbōtôt*": "noun, masculine plural construct - bands/cords/ropes", "*ʾahăbâ*": "noun, feminine singular - love", "*wā-*": "conjunction with consecutive tense - and", "*ʾehyeh*": "verb, qal imperfect 1st person singular - I was/became", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them", "*kə-*": "preposition prefix - as/like", "*mərîmê*": "verb, hiphil participle masculine plural construct - lifters of/those who lift", "*ʿōl*": "noun, masculine singular - yoke", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/on", "*ləḥêhem*": "noun, masculine dual construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their jaws/cheeks", "*wə-*": "conjunction prefix - and", "*ʾaṭ*": "verb, hiphil imperfect 1st person singular - I reached down/extended/bent down", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*ʾôkîl*": "verb, hiphil imperfect 1st person singular - I fed/gave food" }, "variants": { "*ḥablê*": "cords/ropes/bonds", "*ʾādām*": "man/humanity/mankind", "*ʾemšəkēm*": "I drew them/pulled them/led them", "*ʿăbōtôt*": "bands/ropes/cords", "*ʾahăbâ*": "love/affection", "*mərîmê*": "those who lift/raise/remove", "*ʿōl*": "yoke/burden", "*ləḥêhem*": "their jaws/cheeks", "*ʾaṭ*": "bent down/extended/reached", "*ʾôkîl*": "fed/gave food to eat" } }
• Rom 16:18 : 18 { "verseID": "Romans.16.18", "source": "Οἱ γὰρ τοιοῦτοι τῷ Κυρίῳ ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστῷ οὐ δουλεύουσιν, ἀλλὰ τῇ ἑαυτῶν κοιλίᾳ· καὶ διὰ τῆς χρηστολογίας καὶ εὐλογίας ἐξαπατῶσιν τὰς καρδίας τῶν ἀκάκων.", "text": "For the such to-the *Kyriō* of-us *Iēsou Christō* not *douleuousin*, but to-the *heautōn* *koilia*; and through the *chrēstologias* and *eulogias* they-*exapatōsin* the *kardias* of-the *akakōn*.", "grammar": { "γὰρ": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "τοιοῦτοι": "nominative masculine plural demonstrative - such/such ones", "*Kyriō*": "dative masculine singular - Lord", "ἡμῶν": "genitive plural pronoun - of us/our", "*Iēsou*": "dative masculine singular - Jesus", "*Christō*": "dative masculine singular - Christ", "οὐ": "negative particle - not", "*douleuousin*": "present indicative active, 3rd person plural - serve/are slaves to", "ἀλλὰ": "adversative conjunction - but", "*heautōn*": "genitive plural reflexive pronoun - their own", "*koilia*": "dative feminine singular - belly/appetite", "διὰ": "preposition with genitive - through/by means of", "*chrēstologias*": "genitive feminine singular - smooth talk/fine-sounding words", "*eulogias*": "genitive feminine singular - flattery/praise", "*exapatōsin*": "present indicative active, 3rd person plural - deceive/mislead", "*kardias*": "accusative feminine plural - hearts", "*akakōn*": "genitive masculine plural - innocent/unsuspecting" }, "variants": { "*douleuousin*": "serve/are slaves to/render service", "*koilia*": "belly/appetite/physical desires", "*chrēstologias*": "smooth talk/fine-sounding words/plausible speech", "*eulogias*": "flattery/praise/blessing", "*exapatōsin*": "deceive/mislead/delude", "*kardias*": "hearts/minds/inner being", "*akakōn*": "innocent/unsuspecting/naive" } }