Verse 13
{ "verseID": "Isaiah.32.13", "source": "עַ֚ל אַדְמַ֣ת עַמִּ֔י ק֥וֹץ שָׁמִ֖יר תַּֽעֲלֶ֑ה כִּ֚י עַל־כָּל־בָּתֵּ֣י מָשׂ֔וֹשׂ קִרְיָ֖ה עַלִּיזָֽה׃", "text": "Upon *ʾadmat* *ʿammî* *qôṣ* *šāmîr* *ʿālâ* for upon-all-*bāttê* *māśôś* *qiryâ* *ʿallîzâ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾadmat*": "feminine singular noun construct - ground, land", "*ʿammî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my people", "*qôṣ*": "masculine singular noun - thorn, thornbush", "*šāmîr*": "masculine singular noun - thorn, brier", "*ʿālâ*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - will come up, sprout", "*bāttê*": "masculine plural noun construct - houses of", "*māśôś*": "masculine singular noun - joy, rejoicing", "*qiryâ*": "feminine singular noun - city, town", "*ʿallîzâ*": "adjective feminine singular - jubilant, exultant" }, "variants": { "*ʾadmat*": "ground of/land of/soil of", "*ʿammî*": "my people/my nation", "*qôṣ*": "thorn/thornbush", "*šāmîr*": "thorn/brier/bramble", "*ʿālâ*": "will come up/sprout/grow", "*bāttê*": "houses of/dwellings of", "*māśôś*": "joy/rejoicing/gladness", "*qiryâ*": "city/town", "*ʿallîzâ*": "jubilant/exultant/joyous" } }
Other Translations
GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk
Over mitt folks jord vil det vokse torner og tistler, ja, over alle gleder i denne livlige byen.
Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst
På mitt folks land skal det vokse torner og tistler; ja, over alle gledeshus, i den muntre byen.
Norsk King James
På landet til mitt folk skal torner og tistler vokse; ja, også over alle gledeshusene i den glade byen:
Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866
For torner og tistler skal vokse opp på mitt folks jord, ja, på alle gledehus i den lystige byen.
Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål
På mitt folks mark skal det vokse torner og tistler, ja, over alle de glade hus, over den jublende by.
Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611
På mitt folks land skal det vokse tornebusker og tistler, ja, på alle husene av glede i den glade byen;
o3-mini KJV Norsk
Over mitt folks land skal torne og tornebusker få gro; ja, over alle gledehjem i den festlige byen.
En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)
På mitt folks land skal det vokse tornebusker og tistler, ja, på alle husene av glede i den glade byen;
Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst
På mitt folks mark skal det vokse torner og tistler, ja, også over de glade hus og på den jublende by.
Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts
The land of my people will be covered with thorns and briers, indeed over all the joyful houses in the jubilant city.
GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024
På mitt folks land skal det gro torner og tistler, ja, på alle de glade husene i den jublende byen.
Original Norsk Bibel 1866
(Thi) der skulle opvoxe Torne (og) Tidsler paa mit Folks Mark, ja paa alle Glædskabs Huse i den lystige Stad.
King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)
Upon the land of my people shall come up thorns and briers; yea, upon all the houses of joy in the joyous city:
KJV 1769 norsk
Torner og tistler skal vokse opp over mitt folks land; ja, over alle gledeshusene i den glade byen.
KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk
Upon the land of my people shall come up thorns and briers; yes, upon all the houses of joy in the joyous city:
King James Version 1611 (Original)
Upon the land of my people shall come up thorns and briers; yea, upon all the houses of joy in the joyous city:
Norsk oversettelse av Webster
På mitt folks land skal tornebusker og tistler vokse opp, ja, over alle gledens hus i den lystige byen.
Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation
Over mitt folks land vokser torner og tistler opp, helt sikkert over alle gledens hus i den jublende byen.
Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901
På mitt folks jord skal det vokse torner og tistler; ja, over alle lysthusene i den gledelige byen.
Norsk oversettelse av BBE
Og for landet til mitt folk, der torner vil vokse opp; ja, for alle gledens hus i den glade byen.
Coverdale Bible (1535)
My peoples felde shal bringe thornes and thistels, for in euery house is voluptuousnes & in the cities, wilfulnes.
Geneva Bible (1560)
Vpon the lande of my people shall growe thornes and briers: yea, vpon all the houses of ioye in the citie of reioysing,
Bishops' Bible (1568)
My peoples fielde shall bryng thornes and thistles: and so shall it be in euery house of voluptuousnesse, and in euery citie that reioyceth.
Authorized King James Version (1611)
Upon the land of my people shall come up thorns [and] briers; yea, upon all the houses of joy [in] the joyous city:
Webster's Bible (1833)
On the land of my people shall come up thorns and briers; yes, on all the houses of joy in the joyous city.
Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)
Over the ground of my people thorn -- brier goeth up, Surely over all houses of joy of the exulting city,
American Standard Version (1901)
Upon the land of my people shall come up thorns and briers; yea, upon all the houses of joy in the joyous city.
Bible in Basic English (1941)
And for the land of my people, where thorns will come up; even for all the houses of joy in the glad town.
World English Bible (2000)
Thorns and briars will come up on my people's land; yes, on all the houses of joy in the joyous city.
NET Bible® (New English Translation)
Mourn over the land of my people, which is overgrown with thorns and briers, and over all the once-happy houses in the city filled with revelry.
Referenced Verses
- Isa 22:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Isaiah.22.2", "source": "תְּשֻׁא֣וֹת ׀ מְלֵאָ֗ה עִ֚יר הֽוֹמִיָּ֔ה קִרְיָ֖ה עַלִּיזָ֑ה חֲלָלַ֙יִךְ֙ לֹ֣א חַלְלֵי־חֶ֔רֶב וְלֹ֖א מֵתֵ֥י מִלְחָמָֽה׃", "text": "*Tᵉšuʾôt* *mᵉlēʾāh* *ʿîr* *hômiyyāh* *qiryāh* *ʿallîzāh* *ḥᵃlālayik* not *ḥallᵉlê*-*ḥereb* and-not *mētê* *milḥāmāh*", "grammar": { "*Tᵉšuʾôt*": "feminine plural - noise/clamor", "*mᵉlēʾāh*": "Qal feminine singular participle - full", "*ʿîr*": "feminine singular - city", "*hômiyyāh*": "feminine singular participle - tumultuous", "*qiryāh*": "feminine singular - town/city", "*ʿallîzāh*": "feminine singular adjective - exultant/jubilant", "*ḥᵃlālayik*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your slain", "לֹ֣א": "negative particle - not", "*ḥallᵉlê*-*ḥereb*": "construct state, masculine plural + masculine singular - slain of sword", "וְלֹ֖א": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*mētê*": "construct state, masculine plural - dead of", "*milḥāmāh*": "feminine singular - battle/war" }, "variants": { "*Tᵉšuʾôt*": "noise/clamor/shouts/tumult", "*mᵉlēʾāh*": "full/filled", "*hômiyyāh*": "tumultuous/noisy/clamorous", "*qiryāh*": "town/city/settlement", "*ʿallîzāh*": "exultant/jubilant/joyous", "*ḥᵃlālayik*": "your slain/pierced ones", "*ḥallᵉlê*": "slain/pierced ones of", "*ḥereb*": "sword/warfare", "*mētê*": "dead of", "*milḥāmāh*": "battle/war/fighting" } }
- Isa 34:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Isaiah.34.13", "source": "וְעָלְתָ֤ה אַרְמְנֹתֶ֙יהָ֙ סִירִ֔ים קִמּ֥וֹשׂ וָח֖וֹחַ בְּמִבְצָרֶ֑יהָ וְהָיְתָה֙ נְוֵ֣ה תַנִּ֔ים חָצִ֖יר לִבְנ֥וֹת יַעֲנָֽה׃", "text": "*wĕʿālĕtâ* *ʾarmĕnōtêhā* *sîrîm* *qimmôś* *wāḥôaḥ* *bĕmibṣārêhā* *wĕhāyĕtâ* *nĕwēh* *tannîm* *ḥāṣîr* *libnôt* *yaʿănâ*", "grammar": { "*wĕʿālĕtâ*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - and it will grow/come up", "*ʾarmĕnōtêhā*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - its citadels/palaces", "*sîrîm*": "masculine plural noun - thorns/briars", "*qimmôś*": "masculine singular noun - nettle/thorny weed", "*wāḥôaḥ*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and thistle/thorn", "*bĕmibṣārêhā*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - in its fortresses", "*wĕhāyĕtâ*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - and it will be/become", "*nĕwēh*": "masculine singular construct - habitation of", "*tannîm*": "masculine plural noun - jackals/dragons", "*ḥāṣîr*": "masculine singular noun - grass/enclosure", "*libnôt*": "preposition + feminine plural construct - for daughters of", "*yaʿănâ*": "feminine singular noun - ostrich" }, "variants": { "*ʿālĕtâ*": "will grow/will come up/will spring up", "*ʾarmĕnōtêhā*": "its citadels/its palaces/its fortified towers", "*sîrîm*": "thorns/briars/brambles", "*qimmôś*": "nettle/thorny weed/wild weeds", "*ḥôaḥ*": "thistle/thorn/bramble", "*mibṣārêhā*": "its fortresses/its strongholds", "*nĕwēh*": "habitation/dwelling place/pasture", "*tannîm*": "jackals/dragons/wolves", "*ḥāṣîr*": "grass/court/enclosure", "*banôt*": "daughters", "*yaʿănâ*": "ostrich/owl" } }
- Hos 9:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Hosea.9.6", "source": "כִּֽי־הִנֵּ֤ה הָֽלְכוּ֙ מִשֹּׁ֔ד מִצְרַ֥יִם תְּקַבְּצֵ֖ם מֹ֣ף תְּקַבְּרֵ֑ם מַחְמַ֣ד לְכַסְפָּ֗ם קִמּוֹשׂ֙ יִֽירָשֵׁ֔ם ח֖וֹחַ בְּאָהֳלֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "Because-behold *hālekû* from-*šōd*, *miṣrayim* *teqabbeṣēm*, *mōp* *teqabberēm*; *maḥmad* for-*kaspām* *qimmôś* *yîrāšēm*, *ḥôaḥ* in-*ʾohŏlêhem*.", "grammar": { "*hālekû*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine plural - 'they went/have gone'", "*šōd*": "masculine singular noun - 'destruction/devastation'", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - 'Egypt'", "*teqabbeṣēm*": "piel imperfect 3rd feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'she will gather them'", "*mōp*": "proper noun - 'Memphis'", "*teqabberēm*": "piel imperfect 3rd feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'she will bury them'", "*maḥmad*": "masculine singular construct - 'desirable things of'", "*kaspām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'their silver'", "*qimmôś*": "masculine singular noun - 'nettles/thorns'", "*yîrāšēm*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'will possess them'", "*ḥôaḥ*": "masculine singular noun - 'thorns/thistles'", "*ʾohŏlêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'their tents'" }, "variants": { "*hālekû*": "they went/they have gone/they departed", "*šōd*": "destruction/devastation/violence", "*teqabbeṣēm*": "she will gather them/she will collect them", "*teqabberēm*": "she will bury them/she will entomb them", "*maḥmad*": "desirable things/precious things/treasures", "*kaspām*": "their silver/their money", "*qimmôś*": "nettles/thorns/weeds", "*yîrāšēm*": "will possess them/will inherit them/will take possession of them", "*ḥôaḥ*": "thorns/thistles/briars", "*ʾohŏlêhem*": "their tents/their dwellings" } }
- Isa 7:23 : 23 { "verseID": "Isaiah.7.23", "source": "וְהָיָה֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא יִֽהְיֶ֣ה כָל־מָק֗וֹם אֲשֶׁ֧ר יִֽהְיֶה־שָּׁ֛ם אֶ֥לֶף גֶּ֖פֶן בְּאֶ֣לֶף כָּ֑סֶף לַשָּׁמִ֥יר וְלַשַּׁ֖יִת יִֽהְיֶֽה׃", "text": "*wə-hāyāh* in-the-day the-that, *yihyeh* every-*māqôm* which *yihyeh*-there thousand *gep̄en* for-thousand *kāsep̄*, for-the-*šāmîr* and-for-the-*šayiṯ* *yihyeh*.", "grammar": { "*wə-hāyāh*": "perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and it will be", "*yihyeh*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will be", "*māqôm*": "noun, masculine singular - place", "*gep̄en*": "noun, common feminine singular - vine", "*kāsep̄*": "noun, masculine singular - silver/money", "*šāmîr*": "noun, masculine singular - thorn/brier", "*šayiṯ*": "noun, masculine singular - thorn/brier" }, "variants": { "*wə-hāyāh*": "and it will be/and it shall come to pass", "*yihyeh*": "it will be/it shall become", "*māqôm*": "place/location/spot", "*gep̄en*": "vine/grapevine", "*kāsep̄*": "silver/money/shekel", "*šāmîr*": "thorn/brier/bramble", "*šayiṯ*": "thorn/brier/bramble" } }
- Hos 10:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Hosea.10.8", "source": "וְנִשְׁמְד֞וּ בָּמ֣וֹת אָ֗וֶן חַטַּאת֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל ק֣וֹץ וְדַרְדַּ֔ר יַעֲלֶ֖ה עַל־מִזְבְּחוֹתָ֑ם וְאָמְר֤וּ לֶֽהָרִים֙ כַּסּ֔וּנוּ וְלַגְּבָע֖וֹת נִפְל֥וּ עָלֵֽינוּ׃", "text": "And *wənišmədû bāmôt ʾāwen*, *ḥaṭṭaʾt Yiśrāʾēl*; *qôṣ wədardar yaʿăleh* upon their *mizbəḥôtām*; and they *wəʾāmərû* to the mountains, '*kassûnû*,' and to the hills, '*niplû* upon us.'", "grammar": { "*wənišmədû*": "conjunction + verb, Niphal, perfect, 3rd person, plural - and they will be destroyed", "*bāmôt*": "noun, feminine, plural construct - high places", "*ʾāwen*": "noun, masculine, singular - wickedness/vanity", "*ḥaṭṭaʾt*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - sin", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*qôṣ*": "noun, masculine, singular - thorn", "*wədardar*": "conjunction + noun, masculine, singular - and thistle", "*yaʿăleh*": "verb, Qal, imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - it will grow/come up", "*mizbəḥôtām*": "noun, masculine, plural with 3rd person, masculine, plural suffix - their altars", "*wəʾāmərû*": "conjunction + verb, Qal, perfect, 3rd person, common, plural - and they will say", "*kassûnû*": "verb, Piel, imperative, masculine, plural with 1st person, plural suffix - cover us", "*niplû*": "verb, Qal, imperative, masculine, plural - fall" }, "variants": { "*bāmôt*": "high places/altars on heights/shrines" } }
- Rev 18:7-8 : 7 { "verseID": "Revelation.18.7", "source": "Ὅσα ἐδόξασεν ἑαυτὴν, καὶ ἐστρηνίασεν, τοσοῦτον δότε αὐτῇ βασανισμὸν καὶ πένθος: ὅτι ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτῆς λέγει, Κάθημαι βασίλισσα, καὶ χήρα οὐκ εἰμί, καὶ πένθος οὐ μὴ ἴδω.", "text": "As much as she *edoxasen* *heautēn*, and *estrēniasen*, so much *dote* to her *basanismon* and *penthos*: because in the *kardia* of her *legei*, I *kathēmai* *basilissa*, and *chēra* not *eimi*, and *penthos* not not *idō*.", "grammar": { "*hosa*": "correlative pronoun, accusative, neuter, plural - as much as", "*edoxasen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - glorified/exalted", "*heautēn*": "reflexive pronoun, accusative, feminine, singular - herself", "*estrēniasen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - lived luxuriously/sensually", "*tosouton*": "correlative pronoun, accusative, masculine/neuter, singular - so much", "*dote*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd person plural - give", "*autē*": "personal pronoun, dative, feminine, singular - to her", "*basanismon*": "noun, accusative, masculine, singular - torment/torture", "*penthos*": "noun, accusative, neuter, singular - grief/mourning", "*hoti*": "conjunction - because/for", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*tē kardia*": "noun, dative, feminine, singular - heart", "*autēs*": "personal pronoun, genitive, feminine, singular - of her", "*legei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - says", "*kathēmai*": "present middle indicative, 1st person singular - I sit/am enthroned", "*basilissa*": "noun, nominative, feminine, singular - queen", "*chēra*": "noun, nominative, feminine, singular - widow", "*ouk eimi*": "present active indicative, 1st person singular + negative - I am not", "*ou mē*": "emphatic negation - by no means/certainly not", "*idō*": "aorist active subjunctive, 1st person singular - I might see/experience" }, "variants": { "*edoxasen*": "glorified/exalted/honored", "*heautēn*": "herself", "*estrēniasen*": "lived luxuriously/sensually/wantonly", "*dote*": "give/grant/bestow", "*basanismon*": "torment/torture/suffering", "*penthos*": "grief/mourning/sorrow", "*kardia*": "heart/mind/inner self", "*legei*": "says/speaks/declares", "*kathēmai*": "sit/am enthroned/am seated as ruler", "*basilissa*": "queen/female ruler", "*chēra*": "widow", "*eimi*": "am/exist", "*idō*": "see/experience/witness" } } 8 { "verseID": "Revelation.18.8", "source": "Διὰ τοῦτο ἐν μιᾷ ἡμέρᾳ ἥξουσιν αἱ πληγαὶ αὐτῆς, θάνατος, καὶ πένθος, καὶ λιμός· καὶ ἐν πυρὶ κατακαυθήσεται: ὅτι ἰσχυρὸς Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς ὁ κρίνων αὐτήν.", "text": "Because of this in one *hēmera* *hēxousin* the *plēgai* of her, *thanatos*, and *penthos*, and *limos*; and in *pyri* she *katakauthēsetai*: because *ischyros* *Kyrios* the *Theos* the one *krinōn* her.", "grammar": { "*dia touto*": "preposition + demonstrative pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular - because of this/therefore", "*en*": "preposition + dative - in", "*mia hēmera*": "adjective + noun, dative, feminine, singular - one day", "*hēxousin*": "future active indicative, 3rd person plural - will come", "*hai plēgai*": "noun, nominative, feminine, plural - plagues/calamities", "*autēs*": "personal pronoun, genitive, feminine, singular - of her", "*thanatos*": "noun, nominative, masculine, singular - death", "*penthos*": "noun, nominative, neuter, singular - grief/mourning", "*limos*": "noun, nominative, masculine/feminine, singular - famine/hunger", "*pyri*": "noun, dative, neuter, singular - fire", "*katakauthēsetai*": "future passive indicative, 3rd person singular - will be burned up/consumed", "*ischyros*": "adjective, nominative, masculine, singular - mighty/strong", "*Kyrios*": "noun, nominative, masculine, singular - Lord", "*ho Theos*": "noun, nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*ho krinōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - judging/who judges", "*autēn*": "personal pronoun, accusative, feminine, singular - her" }, "variants": { "*hēmera*": "day/daytime", "*hēxousin*": "will come/will arrive", "*plēgai*": "plagues/blows/calamities", "*thanatos*": "death/mortality", "*penthos*": "grief/mourning/sorrow", "*limos*": "famine/hunger/scarcity of food", "*pyri*": "fire/flame", "*katakauthēsetai*": "will be burned up/consumed by fire/incinerated", "*ischyros*": "mighty/strong/powerful", "*Kyrios*": "Lord/master", "*Theos*": "God/deity", "*krinōn*": "judging/who judges/condemning" } }
- Jer 39:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.39.8", "source": "וְאֶת־בֵּ֤ית הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ וְאֶת־בֵּ֣ית הָעָ֔ם שָׂרְפ֥וּ הַכַּשְׂדִּ֖ים בָּאֵ֑שׁ וְאֶת־חֹמ֥וֹת יְרוּשָׁלַ֖͏ִם נָתָֽצוּ׃", "text": "And-*ʾet*-*bêt* the-*melek* and-*ʾet*-*bêt* the-*ʿām* *śārpû* the-*kaśdîm* with-the-*ʾēš*, and-*ʾet*-*ḥōmôt* *yərûšālaim* *nātāṣû*.", "grammar": { "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - house of", "*melek*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the king", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the people", "*śārpû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they burned", "*kaśdîm*": "proper name, masculine, plural with definite article - the Chaldeans", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the fire", "*ḥōmôt*": "noun, feminine, plural, construct - walls of", "*yərûšālaim*": "proper name - Jerusalem", "*nātāṣû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they broke down" }, "variants": { "*bêt*": "house/palace/temple", "*śārpû*": "burned/set on fire", "*nātāṣû*": "broke down/tore down/demolished/destroyed" } }
- Isa 22:12-13 : 12 { "verseID": "Isaiah.22.12", "source": "וַיִּקְרָ֗א אֲדֹנָ֧י יְהוִ֛ה צְבָא֖וֹת בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֑וּא לִבְכִי֙ וּלְמִסְפֵּ֔ד וּלְקָרְחָ֖ה וְלַחֲגֹ֥ר שָֽׂק׃", "text": "And-*yiqrāʾ* *ʾᵃdōnāy* *YHWH* *ṣᵉbāʾôt* in-the-*yôm* the-that to-*bᵉkî* and-to-*mispēd* and-to-*qorḥāh* and-to-*ḥᵃgōr* *śāq*", "grammar": { "וַיִּקְרָ֗א": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular, apocopated - and he called", "*ʾᵃdōnāy*": "noun with 1st person plural suffix - my Lord", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ṣᵉbāʾôt*": "masculine plural - hosts/armies", "בַּיּ֣וֹם": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular - in the day", "הַה֑וּא": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - that", "לִבְכִי֙": "preposition + masculine singular - to weeping", "וּלְמִסְפֵּ֔ד": "conjunction + preposition + masculine singular - and to mourning", "וּלְקָרְחָ֖ה": "conjunction + preposition + feminine singular - and to baldness", "וְלַחֲגֹ֥ר": "conjunction + preposition + Qal infinitive construct - and to gird", "*śāq*": "masculine singular - sackcloth" }, "variants": { "*yiqrāʾ*": "called/summoned/invited", "*ʾᵃdōnāy*": "my Lord/Master", "*YHWH*": "Yahweh/LORD", "*ṣᵉbāʾôt*": "hosts/armies", "*bᵉkî*": "weeping/crying", "*mispēd*": "mourning/wailing/lamentation", "*qorḥāh*": "baldness (sign of mourning)", "*ḥᵃgōr*": "gird/wrap/put on", "*śāq*": "sackcloth (rough cloth worn during mourning)" } } 13 { "verseID": "Isaiah.22.13", "source": "וְהִנֵּ֣ה ׀ שָׂשׂ֣וֹן וְשִׂמְחָ֗ה הָרֹ֤ג ׀ בָּקָר֙ וְשָׁחֹ֣ט צֹ֔אן אָכֹ֥ל בָּשָׂ֖ר וְשָׁת֣וֹת יָ֑יִן אָכ֣וֹל וְשָׁת֔וֹ כִּ֥י מָחָ֖ר נָמֽוּת׃", "text": "And-*hinnēh* *śāśôn* and-*śimḥāh* *hārōg* *bāqār* and-*šāḥōṭ* *ṣōʾn* *ʾākōl* *bāśār* and-*šātôt* *yāyin* *ʾākôl* and-*šātô* for *māḥār* *nāmût*", "grammar": { "וְהִנֵּ֣ה": "conjunction + interjection - and behold", "*śāśôn*": "masculine singular - joy", "וְשִׂמְחָ֗ה": "conjunction + feminine singular - and gladness", "*hārōg*": "Qal infinitive absolute - slaying", "*bāqār*": "masculine singular - cattle", "וְשָׁחֹ֣ט": "conjunction + Qal infinitive absolute - and slaughtering", "*ṣōʾn*": "collective noun - sheep/flock", "*ʾākōl*": "Qal infinitive absolute - eating", "*bāśār*": "masculine singular - flesh/meat", "וְשָׁת֣וֹת": "conjunction + Qal infinitive absolute - and drinking", "*yāyin*": "masculine singular - wine", "*ʾākôl*": "Qal infinitive absolute - eat", "וְשָׁת֔וֹ": "conjunction + Qal infinitive absolute - and drink", "כִּ֥י": "conjunction - for/because", "*māḥār*": "adverb - tomorrow", "*nāmût*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person plural - we will die" }, "variants": { "*hinnēh*": "behold/look/see", "*śāśôn*": "joy/gladness/rejoicing", "*śimḥāh*": "gladness/joy/mirth", "*hārōg*": "slaying/killing", "*bāqār*": "cattle/oxen", "*šāḥōṭ*": "slaughtering/butchering", "*ṣōʾn*": "sheep/flocks/small livestock", "*ʾākōl*": "eating/consuming", "*bāśār*": "flesh/meat", "*šātôt*": "drinking", "*yāyin*": "wine", "*ʾākôl* and-*šātô*": "let us eat and drink (idiomatic)", "*māḥār*": "tomorrow/in future", "*nāmût*": "we will die/we shall be dead" } }
- Ps 107:34 : 34 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.34", "source": "אֶ֣רֶץ פְּ֭רִי לִמְלֵחָ֑ה מֵ֝רָעַ֗ת יֹ֣שְׁבֵי בָֽהּ", "text": "*ʾereṣ* *pᵊrî* to-*mᵊlēḥâ* from-*rāʿat* *yōšᵊbê* in-her", "grammar": { "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*pᵊrî*": "noun, masculine singular - fruit/fruitfulness", "*mᵊlēḥâ*": "noun, feminine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - to saltiness/salt marsh", "*rāʿat*": "noun, feminine singular construct with prefixed preposition min - from evil/wickedness of", "*yōšᵊbê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - dwellers of/inhabitants of" }, "variants": { "*ʾereṣ*": "land of/country of", "*pᵊrî*": "fruit/fruitfulness/fertility", "*mᵊlēḥâ*": "saltiness/salt marsh/barren land", "*rāʿat*": "evil/wickedness/wrongdoing", "*yōšᵊbê*": "dwellers of/inhabitants of/those who live in" } }
- Isa 5:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Isaiah.5.6", "source": "וַאֲשִׁיתֵ֣הוּ בָתָ֗ה לֹ֤א יִזָּמֵר֙ וְלֹ֣א יֵעָדֵ֔ר וְעָלָ֥ה שָׁמִ֖יר וָשָׁ֑יִת וְעַ֤ל הֶעָבִים֙ אֲצַוֶּ֔ה מֵהַמְטִ֥יר עָלָ֖יו מָטָֽר׃", "text": "And I will *waʾăšîtēhû* *bātâ*, it shall not *yizzāmēr* and shall not *yēʿādēr*, and *wəʿālâ* *šāmîr* and *wāšāyit*; and upon the *heʿābîm* I will *ʾăṣawweh* from *mēhamṭîr* upon it *māṭār*.", "grammar": { "*waʾăšîtēhû*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular with vav consecutive and 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and I will make it", "*bātâ*": "feminine singular noun - waste/desolation", "*yizzāmēr*": "niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - it will be pruned", "*yēʿādēr*": "niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - it will be hoed/tilled", "*wəʿālâ*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav consecutive - and will come up", "*šāmîr*": "masculine singular noun - thorns/briars", "*wāšāyit*": "conjunction with masculine singular noun - and thistles/weeds", "*heʿābîm*": "definite article with masculine plural noun - the clouds", "*ʾăṣawweh*": "piel imperfect 1st person singular - I will command", "*mēhamṭîr*": "hiphil infinitive construct with preposition - from raining", "*māṭār*": "masculine singular noun - rain" }, "variants": { "*bātâ*": "waste/desolation/ruin", "*šāmîr*": "thorns/briars/brambles", "*šāyit*": "thistles/weeds/thorny plants" } }
- Isa 6:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Isaiah.6.11", "source": "וָאֹמַ֕ר עַד־מָתַ֖י אֲדֹנָ֑י וַיֹּ֡אמֶר עַ֣ד אֲשֶׁר֩ אִם־שָׁא֨וּ עָרִ֜ים מֵאֵ֣ין יוֹשֵׁ֗ב וּבָתִּים֙ מֵאֵ֣ין אָדָ֔ם וְהָאֲדָמָ֖ה תִּשָּׁאֶ֥ה שְׁמָמָֽה׃", "text": "*Wāʾōmar* until-when *ʾădōnāy* *wayyōʾmer* until that if-*shāʾû* *ʿārîm* from *ʾêyn* *yôshēb* and *bāttîm* from *ʾêyn* *ʾādām* and the *ʾădāmāh* *tishshāʾeh* *shəmāmāh*.", "grammar": { "*Wāʾōmar*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 1st person singular - and I said", "*ʿad-mātay*": "preposition + interrogative - until when/how long", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my Lord", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*ʾăsher*": "relative particle - that/which", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if", "*shāʾû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they are desolate/ruined", "*ʿārîm*": "noun, feminine plural - cities", "*ʾêyn*": "particle of negation construct - without", "*yôshēb*": "qal participle, masculine singular - inhabitant/dweller", "*bāttîm*": "noun, masculine plural - houses", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/person", "*ʾădāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land/ground", "*tishshāʾeh*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - is laid waste", "*shəmāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - desolation" }, "variants": { "*ʿad-mātay*": "until when/how long/until what time", "*ʾădōnāy*": "Lord/Master/my Lord (divine title)", "*shāʾāh*": "be desolate/ruined/devastated", "*ʿîr*": "city/town", "*yôshēb*": "inhabitant/dweller/resident", "*bayit*": "house/home/household", "*ʾādām*": "man/mankind/person", "*ʾădāmāh*": "ground/land/earth/soil", "*shāʾāh*": "be desolate/laid waste", "*shəmāmāh*": "desolation/wasteland/ruin" } }