Verse 8

{ "verseID": "Jeremiah.11.8", "source": "וְלֹ֤א שָֽׁמְעוּ֙ וְלֹֽא־הִטּ֣וּ אֶת־אָזְנָ֔ם וַיֵּ֣לְכ֔וּ אִ֕ישׁ בִּשְׁרִיר֖וּת לִבָּ֣ם הָרָ֑ע וָאָבִ֨יא עֲלֵיהֶ֜ם אֶֽת־כָּל־דִּבְרֵ֧י הַבְּרִית־הַזֹּ֛את אֲשֶׁר־צִוִּ֥יתִי לַעֲשׂ֖וֹת וְלֹ֥א עָשֽׂוּ׃", "text": "And-not *šāmĕʿû* and-not-*hiṭṭû* *ʾet*-*ʾoznām*, *wayyēlĕkû* *ʾîš* in-*šĕrîrût* *libbām* *hārāʿ*, *wāʾābîʾ* upon-them *ʾet*-all-*dibrê* *habběrît*-*hazzōʾt* which-*ṣiwwîtî* to-*laʿăśôt* and-not *ʿāśû*.", "grammar": { "*šāmĕʿû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they heard/listened", "*hiṭṭû*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd person common plural - they inclined/turned", "*ʾoznām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their ear", "*wayyēlĕkû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they walked", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - each man", "*šĕrîrût*": "noun, feminine singular construct - stubbornness of", "*libbām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their heart", "*hārāʿ*": "definite adjective, masculine singular - the evil", "*wāʾābîʾ*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect consecutive, 1st person singular - and I brought", "*dibrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - words of", "*habběrît*": "definite noun, feminine singular - the covenant", "*hazzōʾt*": "demonstrative adjective, feminine singular - this", "*ṣiwwîtî*": "Piel perfect, 1st person singular - I commanded", "*laʿăśôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to do", "*ʿāśû*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they did" }, "variants": { "*šāmĕʿû*": "they heard/listened/obeyed", "*hiṭṭû*": "they inclined/turned/bent", "*šĕrîrût*": "stubbornness/hardness/imagination", "*libbām*": "their heart/mind/will" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Men de hørte ikke og bøyde ikke øret sitt, men gikk hver sin vei, etter sitt onde hjerte. Derfor har jeg ført over dem alle punktene i denne pakten, som jeg ba dem om å holde, men de brøt dem.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Men de hørte ikke og vendte ikke øret til, men fulgte sitt onde hjertes hensikter. Derfor vil jeg bringe over dem alle ordene i denne pakten, som jeg befalte dem å gjøre, men de gjorde ikke.

• Norsk King James

  Likevel adlød de ikke, de lyttet ikke, men hver av dem fulgte sitt eget onde hjerte; derfor vil jeg føre over dem alle ordene i denne pakten, som jeg befalte dem å gjøre; men de gjorde dem ikke.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Men de adlød ikke og lot ikke øret lytte, men fulgte hver sitt onde hjertes stivhet. Jeg lot derfor alle disse paktens ord komme over dem, som jeg befalte dem å gjøre, men de gjorde det ikke.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Men de hørte ikke og vendte ikke sine ører til meg, men fulgte hver sin egen onde hjertehardt, så jeg lot alle ordene av denne pakten komme over dem, dem jeg befalte å gjøre, men de gjorde dem ikke.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Men de hørte ikke, og bøttet ikke sitt øre, men fulgte hver og en sitt onde hjertes fantasier. Derfor vil jeg bringe over dem alle ordene i denne pakten som jeg befalte dem å gjøre, men de har ikke gjort det.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Likevel adlød de ikke, og de lente ikke øret til mine ord, men hver og en gikk etter tankene til sitt onde hjerte. Derfor vil jeg la alle ordene i denne pakten ramme dem, som jeg befalte dem å utføre, men som de ikke gjorde.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Men de hørte ikke, og bøttet ikke sitt øre, men fulgte hver og en sitt onde hjertes fantasier. Derfor vil jeg bringe over dem alle ordene i denne pakten som jeg befalte dem å gjøre, men de har ikke gjort det.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Men de hørte ikke og bøyde ikke ørene sine, de fulgte hver og en sin ondskapsfulle hjertes egenrådighet. Derfor førte jeg over dem alle ordene i denne pakten, som jeg befalte dem å følge, men de gjorde det ikke.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Yet they did not listen or incline their ear; instead, each one followed the stubbornness of their own evil heart. So I brought upon them all the words of this covenant, which I commanded them to obey but they did not.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Men de lyttet ikke og bøyde ikke sitt øre, men fulgte hver og en sin onde hjertes diktning. Så førte jeg over dem alle ordene i denne pakten, som jeg befalte dem å gjøre, men de gjorde det ikke.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Men de adløde ikke, og bøiede ikke heller deres Øre, men gik, hver i deres onde Hjertes Stivhed; og jeg lod komme over dem alle denne Pagtes Ord, som jeg havde befalet at gjøre, og de gjorde (dog) ikke.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Yet they obeyed not, nor inclined their ear, but walked every one in the imagination of their evil heart: therefore I will bring upon them all the words of this covenant, which I commanded them to do; but they did them not.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Men de hørte ikke og bøyde ikke øret, men fulgte hver sin onde hjertes innbilninger. Derfor vil jeg bringe over dem alle ordene i denne pakten, som jeg befalte dem å gjøre, men de gjorde dem ikke.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  Yet they did not obey nor incline their ear, but walked every one in the imagination of their evil heart. Therefore I will bring upon them all the words of this covenant, which I commanded them to do, but they did not do.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Yet they obeyed not, nor inclined their ear, but walked every one in the imagination of their evil heart: therefore I will bring upon them all the words of this covenant, which I commanded them to do; but they did them not.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Men de adlød ikke, og vendte ikke øret til meg, men fulgte hver av dem sin onde hjertes stahet: derfor lot jeg alle ordene i denne pakten komme over dem, som jeg befalte dem å gjøre, men de gjorde dem ikke.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Men de hørte ikke og vendte ikke øret til meg. De vandret hver i sitt onde hjertes trass. Derfor brakte jeg over dem alle ordene i denne pakten, som jeg befalte dem å gjøre, men de gjorde det ikke.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Men de hørte ikke og vendte ikke øret mot meg, men fulgte hver sin onde hjertes stahet. Derfor brakte jeg over dem alle ordene i denne pakten, som jeg befalte dem å følge, men de gjorde det ikke.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Men de ga ikke oppmerksomhet og lyttet ikke, men fortsatte hver mann i stoltheten av sitt onde hjerte: så jeg sendte over dem alle forbannelsene i denne avtalen, som jeg hadde gitt dem ordre om å holde, men de gjorde ikke.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Neuertheles, they wolde not obeye me, nor enclyne their eares vnto me, but folowed the wicked ymaginacios of their owne hertes. And therfore haue I accused them as transgressours of all the wordes off this conuenaunt, that I gaue them to kepe, which they (notwithstodinge) haue not kepte.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Neuerthelesse they would not obey, nor encline their eare: but euery one walked in the stubbernesse of his wicked heart: therefore I will bring vpon them all the wordes of this couenant, which I commanded them to do, but they did it not.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Neuerthelesse, they would not obey me, nor encline their eares vnto me: but folowed the wicked imaginations of their owne heartes, and therefore I haue brought vpon them al the wordes of this couenaunt that I gaue them to kepe, which they notwithstanding haue not kept.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Yet they obeyed not, nor inclined their ear, but walked every one in the imagination of their evil heart: therefore I will bring upon them all the words of this covenant, which I commanded [them] to do; but they did [them] not.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Yet they didn't obey, nor turn their ear, but walked everyone in the stubbornness of their evil heart: therefore I brought on them all the words of this covenant, which I commanded them to do, but they didn't do them.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And they have not hearkened nor inclined their ear, And they walk each in the stubbornness of their evil heart, And I bring on them all the words of this covenant, That I commanded to do, and they did not.'

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Yet they obeyed not, nor inclined their ear, but walked every one in the stubbornness of their evil heart: therefore I brought upon them all the words of this covenant, which I commanded them to do, but they did them not.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  But they gave no attention and did not give ear, but they went on, every man in the pride of his evil heart: so I sent on them all the curses in this agreement, which I gave them orders to keep, but they did not.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Yet they didn't obey, nor turn their ear, but walked everyone in the stubbornness of their evil heart: therefore I brought on them all the words of this covenant, which I commanded them to do, but they didn't do them.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  But they did not listen to me or pay any attention to me! Each one of them followed the stubborn inclinations of his own wicked heart. So I brought on them all the punishments threatened in the covenant because they did not carry out its terms as I commanded them to do.’”

Referenced Verses

• Jer 7:24 : 24 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.7.24", "source": "וְלֹ֤א שָֽׁמְעוּ֙ וְלֹֽא־הִטּ֣וּ אֶת־אָזְנָ֔ם וַיֵּֽלְכוּ֙ בְּמֹ֣עֵצ֔וֹת בִּשְׁרִר֖וּת לִבָּ֣ם הָרָ֑ע וַיִּהְי֥וּ לְאָח֖וֹר וְלֹ֥א לְפָנִֽים׃", "text": "And-not *šāməʿû* and-not-*hiṭṭû ʾet-ʾoznām wayyēlkû bəmōʿēṣôt bišrirût libbām hārāʿ wayyihyû ləʾāḥôr* and-not *ləpānîm*.", "grammar": { "*šāməʿû*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural - they listened/heard", "*hiṭṭû*": "hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine plural - they inclined/turned", "*ʾet-ʾoznām*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their ear", "*wayyēlkû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with vav consecutive - and they walked", "*bəmōʿēṣôt*": "preposition + feminine plural noun - in counsels/advice", "*bišrirût*": "preposition + feminine singular noun construct - in stubbornness of", "*libbām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their heart", "*hārāʿ*": "definite article + masculine singular adjective - the evil", "*wayyihyû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with vav consecutive - and they became", "*ləʾāḥôr*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - backward/behind", "*ləpānîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - forward/ahead" }, "variants": { "*šāməʿû*": "they listened/they heard/they obeyed", "*hiṭṭû*": "they inclined/they turned/they bent", "*mōʿēṣôt*": "counsels/advice/plans", "*šrirût*": "stubbornness/hardness/obstinacy", "*lēb*": "heart/mind/inner person", "*ʾāḥôr*": "backward/behind/backside", "*pānîm*": "forward/ahead/face" } }
• Jer 7:26 : 26 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.7.26", "source": "וְל֤וֹא שָׁמְעוּ֙ אֵלַ֔י וְלֹ֥א הִטּ֖וּ אֶת־אָזְנָ֑ם וַיַּקְשׁוּ֙ אֶת־עָרְפָּ֔ם הֵרֵ֖עוּ מֵאֲבוֹתָֽם׃", "text": "And-not *šāməʿû* to-me and-not *hiṭṭû ʾet-ʾoznām wayyaqšû ʾet-ʿorpām hērēʿû mēʾăbôtām*.", "grammar": { "*šāməʿû*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural - they listened/heard", "*hiṭṭû*": "hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine plural - they inclined/turned", "*ʾet-ʾoznām*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their ear", "*wayyaqšû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with vav consecutive - and they hardened", "*ʾet-ʿorpām*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their neck/stubbornness", "*hērēʿû*": "hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine plural - they did worse", "*mēʾăbôtām*": "preposition + masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - than their fathers" }, "variants": { "*šāməʿû*": "they listened/they heard/they obeyed", "*hiṭṭû*": "they inclined/they turned/they bent", "*wayyaqšû*": "they hardened/they stiffened/they made stubborn", "*ʿōrep*": "neck/stubbornness (idiomatically 'stiff-necked' = stubborn)", "*hērēʿû*": "they did worse/they acted more wickedly/they behaved more evilly" } }
• Jer 3:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.17", "source": "בָּעֵ֣ת הַהִ֗יא יִקְרְא֤וּ לִירוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ כִּסֵּ֣א יְהוָ֔ה וְנִקְוּ֨וּ אֵלֶ֧יהָ כָֽל־הַגּוֹיִ֛ם לְשֵׁ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה לִירוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם וְלֹא־יֵלְכ֣וּ ע֔וֹד אַחֲרֵ֕י שְׁרִר֖וּת לִבָּ֥ם הָרָֽע׃ ס", "text": "In-the-*ʿēt* that *yiqrᵉʾû* to-*yᵉrûšālaim* *kissēʾ* *YHWH*, *wᵉniqwû* to-her all-the-*gôyim* to-*šēm* *YHWH* to-*yᵉrûšālaim*, and-not-*yēlᵉḵû* again after *šᵉrîrût* *libbām* the-*rāʿ*.", "grammar": { "*ʿēt*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - 'the time'", "*yiqrᵉʾû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'they will call'", "*yᵉrûšālaim*": "proper name - 'Jerusalem'", "*kissēʾ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'throne of'", "*YHWH*": "proper name - 'Yahweh/LORD'", "*wᵉniqwû*": "conjunction + Niphal perfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they will gather'", "*gôyim*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - 'the nations'", "*šēm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'name of'", "*YHWH*": "proper name - 'Yahweh/LORD'", "*yᵉrûšālaim*": "proper name - 'Jerusalem'", "*yēlᵉḵû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'they will walk/go'", "*šᵉrîrût*": "noun, feminine singular construct - 'stubbornness of'", "*libbām*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'their heart'", "*rāʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - 'the evil'" }, "variants": { "*ʿēt*": "time/season/period", "*yiqrᵉʾû*": "they will call/name/proclaim", "*yᵉrûšālaim*": "Jerusalem", "*kissēʾ*": "throne/seat", "*wᵉniqwû*": "and they will gather/assemble/congregate", "*gôyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*šēm*": "name/reputation", "*yēlᵉḵû*": "they will walk/go/follow", "*šᵉrîrût*": "stubbornness/hardness/imagination", "*libbām*": "their heart/mind/inner being", "*rāʿ*": "evil/wicked/bad" } }
• Ezek 20:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.20.8", "source": "וַיַּמְרוּ־בִ֗י וְלֹ֤א אָבוּ֙ לִשְׁמֹ֣עַ אֵלַ֔י אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־שִׁקּוּצֵ֤י עֵֽינֵיהֶם֙ לֹ֣א הִשְׁלִ֔יכוּ וְאֶת־גִּלּוּלֵ֥י מִצְרַ֖יִם לֹ֣א עָזָ֑בוּ וָאֹמַ֞ר לִשְׁפֹּ֧ךְ חֲמָתִ֣י עֲלֵיהֶ֗ם לְכַלּ֤וֹת אַפִּי֙ בָּהֶ֔ם בְּת֖וֹךְ אֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "And-*wayyamrû*-against-me and-not *ʾābû* *lišmōaʿ* to-me; *ʾîš* *ʾet*-*šiqqûṣê* *ʿênêhem* not *hišlîkû* and-*ʾet*-*gillûlê* *miṣrayim* not *ʿāzābû*; and-*wāʾōmar* *lišpōk* *ḥămātî* upon-them *lĕkallôt* *ʾappî* against-them in-*tôk* *ʾereṣ* *miṣrāyim*.", "grammar": { "*wayyamrû*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect, 3rd plural - and they rebelled", "*ʾābû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - they were willing", "*lišmōaʿ*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - to listen/hear", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - each/each man", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*šiqqûṣê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - detestable things of", "*ʿênêhem*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their eyes", "*hišlîkû*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - they cast away", "*gillûlê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - idols of", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*ʿāzābû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - they forsook", "*wāʾōmar*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I said", "*lišpōk*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - to pour out", "*ḥămātî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my wrath", "*lĕkallôt*": "preposition with piel infinitive construct - to complete/finish", "*ʾappî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my anger", "*tôk*": "noun, masculine singular construct - midst of", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt" }, "variants": { "*wayyamrû*": "and they rebelled/and they were disobedient/and they were defiant", "*ʾābû*": "they were willing/they consented/they agreed", "*lišmōaʿ*": "to listen/to hear/to obey", "*šiqqûṣê*": "detestable things/abominations/idols", "*hišlîkû*": "they cast away/they threw away/they abandoned", "*ʿāzābû*": "they forsook/they abandoned/they left", "*lišpōk* *ḥămātî*": "to pour out my wrath (idiom for punishment)", "*lĕkallôt* *ʾappî*": "to spend my anger/to exhaust my fury" } }
• Jer 35:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.35.15", "source": "וָאֶשְׁלַ֣ח אֲלֵיכֶ֣ם אֶת־כָּל־עֲבָדַ֣י הַנְּבִאִ֣ים ׀ הַשְׁכֵּ֣ים וְשָׁלֹ֣חַ ׀ לֵאמֹ֡ר שֻׁבוּ־נָ֡א אִישׁ֩ מִדַּרְכּ֨וֹ הָרָעָ֜ה וְהֵיטִ֣יבוּ מַֽעַלְלֵיכֶ֗ם וְאַל־תֵּ֨לְכ֜וּ אַחֲרֵ֨י אֱלֹהִ֤ים אֲחֵרִים֙ לְעָבְדָ֔ם וּשְׁבוּ֙ אֶל־הָ֣אֲדָמָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־נָתַ֥תִּי לָכֶ֖ם וְלַאֲבֹֽתֵיכֶ֑ם וְלֹ֤א הִטִּיתֶם֙ אֶֽת־אָזְנְכֶ֔ם וְלֹ֥א שְׁמַעְתֶּ֖ם אֵלָֽי׃", "text": "*wāʾešlaḥ* to-you *ʾet*-all-my *ʿăbāday* the-*nĕbîʾîm* the-*haškēm* *wĕšālōaḥ* *lēʾmōr* *šūbû*-*nāʾ* *ʾîš* from-*darkô* the-*rāʿāh* *wĕhêṭîbû* *maʿallêkem* *wĕʾal*-*tēlĕkû* after *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* *lĕʿobdām* *ûšĕbû* to-the-*ʾădāmāh* which-*nātattî* to-you *wĕlaʾăbōtêkem* *wĕlōʾ* *hiṭṭîtem* *ʾet*-your ear *wĕlōʾ* *šĕmaʿtem* to-me.", "grammar": { "*wāʾešlaḥ*": "imperfect verb with waw consecutive, 1st person singular - and I sent", "*ʿăbāday*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my servants", "*nĕbîʾîm*": "noun, masculine plural - prophets", "*haškēm*": "infinitive absolute - rising early", "*wĕšālōaḥ*": "conjunction + infinitive absolute - and sending", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + infinitive construct - saying", "*šūbû*": "imperative verb, masculine plural - return", "*nāʾ*": "particle - please", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - each man", "*darkô*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his way", "*rāʿāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - evil", "*wĕhêṭîbû*": "conjunction + imperative verb, masculine plural (Hiphil) - and make good/improve", "*maʿallêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your deeds", "*wĕʾal*": "conjunction + negative particle - and do not", "*tēlĕkû*": "imperfect verb, 2nd person masculine plural - you go", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - other", "*lĕʿobdām*": "preposition + infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to serve them", "*ûšĕbû*": "conjunction + imperative verb, masculine plural - and dwell", "*ʾădāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - land/ground", "*nātattî*": "perfect verb, 1st person singular - I gave", "*wĕlaʾăbōtêkem*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - and to your fathers", "*wĕlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*hiṭṭîtem*": "perfect verb, 2nd person masculine plural (Hiphil) - you inclined", "*wĕlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*šĕmaʿtem*": "perfect verb, 2nd person masculine plural - you listened" }, "variants": { "*wāʾešlaḥ*": "and I sent/dispatched", "*ʿăbāday*": "my servants/messengers", "*nĕbîʾîm*": "prophets/spokesmen", "*haškēm*": "rising early/persistently/diligently", "*wĕšālōaḥ*": "and sending/dispatching", "*šūbû*": "return/turn back/repent", "*nāʾ*": "please/now (particle of entreaty)", "*darkô*": "his way/path/manner", "*rāʿāh*": "evil/wicked/harmful", "*wĕhêṭîbû*": "and make good/improve/reform", "*maʿallêkem*": "your deeds/actions/practices", "*tēlĕkû*": "you go/walk/follow", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "gods/deities", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "other/foreign/strange", "*lĕʿobdām*": "to serve/worship them", "*ûšĕbû*": "and dwell/live/remain", "*ʾădāmāh*": "land/ground/soil", "*hiṭṭîtem*": "you inclined/turned/bent", "*šĕmaʿtem*": "you listened/obeyed/heeded" } }
• Jer 44:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.44.17", "source": "כִּי֩ עָשֹׂ֨ה נַעֲשֶׂ֜ה אֶֽת־כָּל־הַדָּבָ֣ר ׀ אֲשֶׁר־יָצָ֣א מִפִּ֗ינוּ לְקַטֵּ֞ר לִמְלֶ֣כֶת הַשָּׁמָיִם֮ וְהַסֵּֽיךְ־לָ֣הּ נְסָכִים֒ כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשִׂ֜ינוּ אֲנַ֤חְנוּ וַאֲבֹתֵ֙ינוּ֙ מְלָכֵ֣ינוּ וְשָׂרֵ֔ינוּ בְּעָרֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה וּבְחֻצ֖וֹת יְרוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם וַנִּֽשְׂבַּֽע־לֶ֙חֶם֙ וַנִּֽהְיֶ֣ה טוֹבִ֔ים וְרָעָ֖ה לֹ֥א רָאִֽינוּ׃", "text": "For *ʿāśōh naʿăśeh* *ʾet-kol-haddābār* which *yāṣāʾ* from *pînû* to *ləqaṭṭēr* to *meleket haššāmayim* and *hassêk-lāh nəsākîm*, as *kaʾăšer ʿāśînû ʾănaḥnû* and our *ʾăbōtênû*, our *məlākênû* and our *śārênû* in the cities of *yəhûdāh* and in the streets of *yərûšālāim*, and *wanniśbaʿ-leḥem* and *wannihyeh ṭôbîm* and *rāʿāh* not *rāʾînû*.", "grammar": { "*ʿāśōh naʿăśeh*": "qal infinitive absolute + qal imperfect 1st person plural - we will certainly do", "*ʾet-kol-haddābār*": "direct object marker + noun masculine singular - the whole word/matter", "*yāṣāʾ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - came out/proceeded", "*pînû*": "noun masculine singular construct + 1st person plural suffix - our mouth", "*ləqaṭṭēr*": "preposition + piel infinitive construct - to burn incense/sacrifice", "*meleket*": "noun feminine singular construct - queen of", "*haššāmayim*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the heavens", "*hassêk-lāh*": "hiphil infinitive construct + preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - pour out to her", "*nəsākîm*": "noun masculine plural - drink offerings/libations", "*ʿāśînû*": "qal perfect 1st person plural - we did", "*ʾănaḥnû*": "first person plural pronoun - we", "*ʾăbōtênû*": "noun masculine plural construct + 1st person plural suffix - our fathers", "*məlākênû*": "noun masculine plural construct + 1st person plural suffix - our kings", "*śārênû*": "noun masculine plural construct + 1st person plural suffix - our princes/officials", "*wanniśbaʿ-leḥem*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 1st person plural consecutive + noun masculine singular - and we were satisfied with bread", "*wannihyeh*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 1st person plural consecutive - and we were", "*ṭôbîm*": "adjective masculine plural - good/well", "*rāʿāh*": "noun feminine singular - evil/distress/misery", "*rāʾînû*": "qal perfect 1st person plural - we saw/experienced" }, "variants": { "*ʿāśōh naʿăśeh*": "we will surely do/we will definitely do/we must do", "*meleket haššāmayim*": "queen of heaven/work of heaven", "*nəsākîm*": "drink offerings/libations/liquid offerings", "*śārênû*": "princes/officials/nobles/leaders", "*śābaʿ*": "to be satisfied/filled/have enough", "*ṭôbîm*": "good/prosperous/well-off", "*rāʿāh*": "evil/calamity/distress/misfortune" } }
• Ezek 20:18-21 : 18 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.20.18", "source": "וָאֹמַ֤ר אֶל־בְּנֵיהֶם֙ בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר בְּחוּקֵּ֤י אֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶם֙ אַל־תֵּלֵ֔כוּ וְאֶת־מִשְׁפְּטֵיהֶ֖ם אַל־תִּשְׁמֹ֑רוּ וּבְגִלּוּלֵיהֶ֖ם אַל־תִּטַּמָּֽאוּ", "text": "And *ʾōmar* to their *bənêhem* in the *midbar*, in the *ḥûqqê* of your *ʾăbôtêkem* not *tēlēkû*, and their *mišpəṭêhem* not *tišmōrû*, and with their *gillûlêhem* not *tiṭṭammāʾû*", "grammar": { "*wā-*": "conjunction, consecutive - and, so", "*ʾōmar*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I said", "*ʾel-bənêhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to their children/sons", "*ba-midbar*": "preposition with definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the wilderness", "*bə-ḥûqqê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - in the statutes of", "*ʾăbôtêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your fathers", "*ʾal*": "negative particle (for commands) - do not", "*tēlēkû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you shall walk", "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*mišpəṭêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their judgments", "*ʾal*": "negative particle (for commands) - do not", "*tišmōrû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you shall keep/observe", "*û-bə-gillûlêhem*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and with their idols", "*ʾal*": "negative particle (for commands) - do not", "*tiṭṭammāʾû*": "Hitpael imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you shall defile yourselves" }, "variants": { "*ḥûqqê*": "statutes, decrees, prescribed laws", "*tēlēkû*": "walk, follow, live according to", "*mišpəṭêhem*": "their judgments, ordinances, legal decisions", "*tišmōrû*": "keep, observe, guard", "*gillûlêhem*": "their idols, their dung-gods (derogatory term)", "*tiṭṭammāʾû*": "defile yourselves, make yourselves unclean" } } 19 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.20.19", "source": "אֲנִי֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֔ם בְּחֻקּוֹתַ֖י לֵ֑כוּ וְאֶת־מִשְׁפָּטַ֥י שִׁמְר֖וּ וַעֲשׂ֥וּ אוֹתָֽם", "text": "*ʾănî* *YHWH* your *ʾĕlōhêkem*, in my *ḥuqqôtay* *lēkû* and my *mišpāṭay* *šimrû* and *ʿăśû* them", "grammar": { "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God", "*bə-ḥuqqôtay*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - in my statutes", "*lēkû*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - walk!", "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*mišpāṭay*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my judgments", "*šimrû*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - keep/observe!", "*wa-ʿăśû*": "conjunction + Qal imperative masculine plural - and do!", "*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them" }, "variants": { "*YHWH*": "Yahweh, the LORD (divine name)", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "your God, your deity", "*ḥuqqôtay*": "my statutes, my decrees, my prescribed laws", "*lēkû*": "walk, follow, live according to", "*mišpāṭay*": "my judgments, ordinances, legal decisions", "*šimrû*": "keep, observe, guard", "*ʿăśû*": "do, perform, fulfill" } } 20 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.20.20", "source": "וְאֶת־שַׁבְּתוֹתַ֖י קַדֵּ֑שׁוּ וְהָי֤וּ לְאוֹת֙ בֵּינִ֣י וּבֵֽינֵיכֶ֔ם לָדַ֕עַת כִּ֛י אֲנִ֥י יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם", "text": "And my *šabbətôtay* *qaddēšû* and *hāyû* for *ʾôt* between me and between you, *lādaʿat* that *ʾănî* *YHWH* your *ʾĕlōhêkem*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*šabbətôtay*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my sabbaths", "*qaddēšû*": "Piel imperative masculine plural - sanctify!, make holy!", "*wə-hāyû*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person common plural (with waw consecutive meaning) - and they shall be", "*lə-ʾôt*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - for a sign", "*bênî*": "preposition, construct with 1st person singular suffix - between me", "*û-bênêkem*": "conjunction + preposition, construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - and between you", "*lādaʿat*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to know", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*šabbətôtay*": "my sabbaths, my rest days", "*qaddēšû*": "sanctify, consecrate, treat as holy", "*ʾôt*": "sign, token, marker", "*lādaʿat*": "to know, to recognize, to acknowledge", "*YHWH*": "Yahweh, the LORD (divine name)", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "your God, your deity" } } 21 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.20.21", "source": "וַיַּמְרוּ־בִ֣י הַבָּנִ֗ים בְּחֻקּוֹתַ֣י לֹֽא־הָ֠לָכוּ וְאֶת־מִשְׁפָּטַ֨י לֹא־שָׁמְר֜וּ לַעֲשׂ֣וֹת אוֹתָ֗ם אֲשֶׁר֩ יַעֲשֶׂ֨ה אוֹתָ֤ם הָֽאָדָם֙ וָחַ֣י בָּהֶ֔ם אֶת־שַׁבְּתוֹתַ֖י חִלֵּ֑לוּ וָאֹמַ֞ר לִשְׁפֹּ֧ךְ חֲמָתִ֣י עֲלֵיהֶ֗ם לְכַלּ֥וֹת אַפִּ֛י בָּ֖ם בַּמִּדְבָּֽר", "text": "And *yamrû* against me the *bānîm*, in my *ḥuqqôtay* not *hālākû* and my *mišpāṭay* not *šāmərû* *laʿăśôt* them, which *yaʿăśeh* them the *ʾādām* and *ḥay* in them, my *šabbətôtay* they *ḥillēlû*; and *ʾōmar* *lišpōk* my *ḥămātî* upon them, to *kallôt* my *ʾappî* against them in the *midbar*", "grammar": { "*wa-yamrû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they rebelled", "*bî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - against me", "*ha-bānîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the sons/children", "*bə-ḥuqqôtay*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - in my statutes", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*hālākû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they walked", "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*mišpāṭay*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my judgments", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*šāmərû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they kept/observed", "*laʿăśôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to do", "*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*yaʿăśeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will do", "*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them", "*hā-ʾādām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the man/human", "*wā-ḥay*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he shall live", "*bāhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in them", "*ʾet-šabbətôtay*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my sabbaths", "*ḥillēlû*": "Piel perfect 3rd person common plural - they profaned", "*wā-ʾōmar*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1st person singular - and I said", "*lišpōk*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to pour out", "*ḥămātî*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my wrath", "*ʿălêhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - upon them", "*lə-kallôt*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct - to complete/finish", "*ʾappî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my anger", "*bām*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - against them", "*ba-midbar*": "preposition with definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the wilderness" }, "variants": { "*yamrû*": "rebelled, defied, disobeyed", "*bānîm*": "sons, children, descendants", "*ḥuqqôtay*": "my statutes, my decrees, my prescribed laws", "*hālākû*": "walked, followed, lived according to", "*mišpāṭay*": "my judgments, ordinances, legal decisions", "*šāmərû*": "kept, observed, guarded", "*laʿăśôt*": "to do, to perform, to fulfill", "*yaʿăśeh*": "will do, will perform, will fulfill", "*ḥay*": "live, be alive, have life", "*šabbətôtay*": "my sabbaths, my rest days", "*ḥillēlû*": "profaned, desecrated, violated", "*lišpōk*": "to pour out, to spill", "*ḥămātî*": "my wrath, my fury, my heat", "*kallôt*": "to complete, to finish, to end", "*ʾappî*": "my anger, my nose (idiom for anger)", "*midbar*": "wilderness, desert, uninhabited land" } }
• Ezek 20:37-38 : 37 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.20.37", "source": "וְהַעֲבַרְתִּ֥י אֶתְכֶ֖ם תַּ֣חַת הַשָּׁ֑בֶט וְהֵבֵאתִ֥י אֶתְכֶ֖ם בְּמָסֹ֥רֶת הַבְּרִֽית׃", "text": "*wəhaʿăḇartî* *ʾeṯḵem* *taḥaṯ* *haššāḇeṭ* *wəhēḇēʾṯî* *ʾeṯḵem* *bəmāsōreṯ* *habərîṯ*", "grammar": { "*wəhaʿăḇartî*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect, 1st singular - and I will cause to pass", "*ʾeṯḵem*": "direct object marker + 2nd masculine plural suffix - you", "*taḥaṯ*": "preposition - under", "*haššāḇeṭ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the rod/staff", "*wəhēḇēʾṯî*": "conjunction + hiphil perfect, 1st singular - and I will bring", "*ʾeṯḵem*": "direct object marker + 2nd masculine plural suffix - you", "*bəmāsōreṯ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - in bond/discipline of", "*habərîṯ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the covenant" }, "variants": { "*wəhaʿăḇartî*": "and I will cause to pass/and I will make pass/and I will lead", "*taḥaṯ* *haššāḇeṭ*": "under the rod/under the shepherd's staff [idiom for counting or examining sheep]", "*wəhēḇēʾṯî*": "and I will bring/and I will lead/and I will cause to enter", "*bəmāsōreṯ*": "in the bond/in the discipline/in the obligation", "*habərîṯ*": "the covenant/the agreement/the pact" } } 38 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.20.38", "source": "וּבָרוֹתִ֣י מִכֶּ֗ם הַמֹּרְדִ֤ים וְהַפּֽוֹשְׁעִים֙ בִּ֔י מֵאֶ֤רֶץ מְגֽוּרֵיהֶם֙ אוֹצִ֣יא אוֹתָ֔ם וְאֶל־אַדְמַ֥ת יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֹ֣א יָב֑וֹא וִֽידַעְתֶּ֖ם כִּי־אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*ûḇārôṯî* *mikkem* *hammōrəḏîm* *wəhappôšəʿîm* *bî* *mēʾereṣ* *məḡûrêhem* *ʾôṣîʾ* *ʾôṯām* *wəʾel*-*ʾaḏmaṯ* *yiśrāʾēl* *lōʾ* *yāḇôʾ* *wîḏaʿtem* *kî*-*ʾănî* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*ûḇārôṯî*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 1st singular - and I will purge/separate", "*mikkem*": "preposition + 2nd masculine plural suffix - from you", "*hammōrəḏîm*": "definite article + qal participle, masculine plural - the rebels/those who rebel", "*wəhappôšəʿîm*": "conjunction + definite article + qal participle, masculine plural - and the transgressors", "*bî*": "preposition + 1st singular suffix - against me", "*mēʾereṣ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - from land of", "*məḡûrêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their sojournings", "*ʾôṣîʾ*": "hiphil imperfect, 1st singular - I will bring out", "*ʾôṯām*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*wəʾel*": "conjunction + preposition - and to/into", "*ʾaḏmaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - soil/land of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yāḇôʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will enter/come", "*wîḏaʿtem*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you will know", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*ʾănî*": "pronoun, 1st singular - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name" }, "variants": { "*ûḇārôṯî*": "and I will purge/and I will separate/and I will clear away", "*hammōrəḏîm*": "the rebels/those who are rebellious/those who revolt", "*wəhappôšəʿîm*": "and the transgressors/and those who sin/and those who transgress", "*məḡûrêhem*": "their sojournings/their dwelling places/their habitations", "*ʾôṣîʾ*": "I will bring out/I will lead out/I will extract", "*ʾaḏmaṯ*": "soil of/land of/ground of", "*yāḇôʾ*": "he will enter/he will come/they will come [subject may be collective]" } }
• Zech 7:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Zechariah.7.11", "source": "וַיְמָאֲנ֣וּ לְהַקְשִׁ֔יב וַיִּתְּנ֥וּ כָתֵ֖ף סֹרָ֑רֶת וְאָזְנֵיהֶ֖ם הִכְבִּ֥ידוּ מִשְּׁמֽוֹעַ׃", "text": "And *wa-yəmāʾănû* to *ləhaqšîḇ* and *wa-yittənû* *kāṯēp̄* *sōrāreṯ*, and *ʾāzənêhem hiḵbîḏû* from *miššəmôaʿ*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yəmāʾănû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd common plural - and they refused", "*ləhaqšîḇ*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to pay attention/listen", "*wa-yittənû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd common plural - and they gave/turned", "*kāṯēp̄*": "noun, feminine singular - shoulder", "*sōrāreṯ*": "qal participle, feminine singular - rebellious/stubborn", "*ʾāzənêhem*": "noun, feminine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their ears", "*hiḵbîḏû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd common plural - they made heavy/hardened", "*miššəmôaʿ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - from hearing" }, "variants": { "*wa-yəmāʾănû*": "and they refused/and they were unwilling", "*ləhaqšîḇ*": "to pay attention/to listen/to hearken", "*kāṯēp̄ sōrāreṯ*": "stubborn shoulder/rebellious shoulder (idiom for turning away)", "*hiḵbîḏû*": "they made heavy/they hardened/they made dull", "*miššəmôaʿ*": "from hearing/from listening/from obeying" } }
• Jer 6:16-17 : 16 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.6.16", "source": "כֹּ֣ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֡ה עִמְדוּ֩ עַל־דְּרָכִ֨ים וּרְא֜וּ וְשַׁאֲל֣וּ ׀ לִנְתִב֣וֹת עוֹלָ֗ם אֵי־זֶ֨ה דֶ֤רֶךְ הַטּוֹב֙ וּלְכוּ־בָ֔הּ וּמִצְא֥וּ מַרְגּ֖וֹעַ לְנַפְשְׁכֶ֑ם וַיֹּאמְר֖וּ לֹ֥א נֵלֵֽךְ׃", "text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ʿimdû* upon-*dərāḵîm* and-*rəʾû* and-*šaʾălû* for-*nətîbôt* *ʿôlām* which-this *dereḵ* the-*ṭôb* and-*ləḵû*-in-it and-*miṣʾû* *margôaʿ* for-your-*napšəḵem* and-they-*yōʾmərû* not we-will-*nēlēḵ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʿimdû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - stand", "*dərāḵîm*": "noun, feminine plural - ways/roads", "*rəʾû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - see/look", "*šaʾălû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - ask", "*nətîbôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - paths of", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular - ancient time/eternity", "*dereḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - way/road", "*ṭôb*": "adjective, masculine singular - good", "*ləḵû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - walk/go", "*miṣʾû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - find", "*margôaʿ*": "noun, masculine singular - rest/resting place", "*napšəḵem*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your soul", "*yōʾmərû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - they said", "*nēlēḵ*": "qal imperfect, 1st person plural - we will walk/go" }, "variants": { "*nətîbôt*": "paths/highways/routes", "*ʿôlām*": "ancient time/eternity/long duration", "*margôaʿ*": "rest/resting place/repose", "*napšəḵem*": "your soul/life/self" } } 17 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.6.17", "source": "וַהֲקִמֹתִ֤י עֲלֵיכֶם֙ צֹפִ֔ים הַקְשִׁ֖יבוּ לְק֣וֹל שׁוֹפָ֑ר וַיֹּאמְר֖וּ לֹ֥א נַקְשִֽׁיב׃", "text": "And-I-*hăqîmōtî* over-you *ṣōpîm* *haqšîbû* to-*qôl* *šôpār* and-they-*yōʾmərû* not we-will-*naqšîb*.", "grammar": { "*hăqîmōtî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st person singular - I raised up/established", "*ṣōpîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - watchers/watchmen", "*haqšîbû*": "hiphil imperative, masculine plural - pay attention/listen", "*qôl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - sound of", "*šôpār*": "noun, masculine singular - trumpet/ram's horn", "*yōʾmərû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural with waw consecutive - they said", "*naqšîb*": "hiphil imperfect, 1st person plural - we will pay attention/listen" }, "variants": { "*hăqîmōtî*": "I raised up/established/appointed", "*ṣōpîm*": "watchers/watchmen/sentinels", "*haqšîbû*": "pay attention/listen/hearken", "*qôl*": "sound/voice/noise" } }
• Jer 9:13-14 : 13 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.9.13", "source": "וַיֵּ֣לְכ֔וּ אַחֲרֵ֖י שְׁרִר֣וּת לִבָּ֑ם וְאַחֲרֵי֙ הַבְּעָלִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר לִמְּד֖וּם אֲבוֹתָֽם׃", "text": "*wayyēlĕkû* after *šĕrîrût* *libbām* and-after *habbĕ'ālîm* *'ăšer* *limdûm* *'ăbôtām*", "grammar": { "*wayyēlĕkû*": "waw consecutive + imperfect verb, 3rd person masculine plural - and they walked", "*šĕrîrût*": "feminine noun, construct state - stubbornness of", "*libbām*": "masculine noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their heart", "*habbĕ'ālîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the Baals", "*'ăšer*": "relative particle - which", "*limdûm*": "perfect verb, 3rd person common plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - they taught them", "*'ăbôtām*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their fathers" }, "variants": { "*wayyēlĕkû*": "and they walked/went/followed", "*šĕrîrût*": "stubbornness/hardness/imagination", "*libbām*": "their heart/mind/inner self", "*habbĕ'ālîm*": "the Baals/false gods/idols", "*limdûm*": "they taught them/instructed them/trained them", "*'ăbôtām*": "their fathers/ancestors/forefathers" } } 14 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.9.14", "source": "לָכֵ֗ן כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר יְהוָ֤ה צְבָאוֹת֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל הִנְנִ֧י מַאֲכִילָ֛ם אֶת־הָעָ֥ם הַזֶּ֖ה לַֽעֲנָ֑ה וְהִשְׁקִיתִ֖ים מֵי־רֹֽאשׁ׃", "text": "*lākēn* thus-*'āmar* *YHWH* *ṣĕbā'ôt* *'ĕlōhê* *yiśrā'ēl* *hinĕnî* *ma'ăkîlām* *'et*-*hā'ām* *hazzeh* *la'ănāh* *wĕhišqîtîm* *mê*-*rō'š*", "grammar": { "*lākēn*": "adverb - therefore", "*'āmar*": "perfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular - he has said", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ṣĕbā'ôt*": "feminine plural noun - of hosts", "*'ĕlōhê*": "masculine plural noun, construct state - God of", "*yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*hinĕnî*": "interjection with 1st person singular suffix - behold me", "*ma'ăkîlām*": "participle, masculine singular, hiphil with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - feeding them", "*'et*": "direct object marker", "*hā'ām*": "masculine noun with definite article - the people", "*hazzeh*": "demonstrative adjective with definite article - this", "*la'ănāh*": "feminine noun - wormwood", "*wĕhišqîtîm*": "conjunction + perfect verb, 1st person singular, hiphil with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and I will make them drink", "*mê*": "masculine plural noun, construct state - waters of", "*rō'š*": "masculine noun - poison/gall" }, "variants": { "*lākēn*": "therefore/thus/for this reason", "*'āmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*ṣĕbā'ôt*": "of hosts/armies/multitudes", "*'ĕlōhê*": "God of/deity of", "*hinĕnî*": "behold me/look, I am/here I am", "*ma'ăkîlām*": "feeding them/causing them to eat", "*hā'ām hazzeh*": "this people/these people", "*la'ănāh*": "wormwood/bitterness/poison plant", "*wĕhišqîtîm*": "and I will make them drink/give them to drink", "*mê-rō'š*": "waters of poison/poisonous water/bitter water" } }
• Lev 26:14-46 : 14 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.14", "source": "וְאִם־לֹ֥א תִשְׁמְע֖וּ לִ֑י וְלֹ֣א תַעֲשׂ֔וּ אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַמִּצְוֺ֖ת הָאֵֽלֶּה׃", "text": "And-if-not *tišmeʿû* to-me and-not *taʿăśû* *ʾēt* all-*hammiṣwōt* *hāʾēlleh*", "grammar": { "*tišmeʿû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will listen", "*taʿăśû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will do", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*hammiṣwōt*": "noun, feminine plural with definite article - the commandments", "*hāʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, common plural - these" }, "variants": { "*tišmeʿû*": "listen/obey/heed", "*taʿăśû*": "do/perform/fulfill", "*hammiṣwōt*": "the commandments/the precepts/the ordinances" } } 15 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.15", "source": "וְאִם־בְּחֻקֹּתַ֣י תִּמְאָ֔סוּ וְאִ֥ם אֶת־מִשְׁפָּטַ֖י תִּגְעַ֣ל נַפְשְׁכֶ֑ם לְבִלְתִּ֤י עֲשׂוֹת֙ אֶת־כָּל־מִצְוֺתַ֔י לְהַפְרְכֶ֖ם אֶת־בְּרִיתִֽי׃", "text": "And-if-in-*ḥuqqōtay* *timʾāsû* and-if *ʾet*-*mišpāṭay* *tigʿal* *napšekem* to-*biltî* *ʿăśôt* *ʾet*-all-*miṣwōtay* to-*happrekem* *ʾet*-*berîtî*", "grammar": { "*ḥuqqōtay*": "noun, feminine plural + 1st person singular suffix - my statutes", "*timʾāsû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will reject", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*mišpāṭay*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix - my judgments", "*tigʿal*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it will abhor", "*napšekem*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your soul", "*biltî*": "preposition - not", "*ʿăśôt*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to do", "*miṣwōtay*": "noun, feminine plural + 1st person singular suffix - my commandments", "*happrekem*": "verb, hiphil infinitive construct + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your breaking", "*berîtî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my covenant" }, "variants": { "*ḥuqqōtay*": "my statutes/my decrees/my ordinances", "*timʾāsû*": "reject/despise/refuse", "*mišpāṭay*": "my judgments/my ordinances/my laws", "*tigʿal*": "abhor/loathe/reject", "*napšekem*": "your soul/your being/yourselves", "*biltî*": "not/without/except", "*happrekem*": "your breaking/your violating/your nullifying", "*berîtî*": "my covenant/my agreement/my promise" } } 16 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.16", "source": "אַף־אֲנִ֞י אֽ͏ֶעֱשֶׂה־זֹּ֣את לָכֶ֗ם וְהִפְקַדְתִּ֨י עֲלֵיכֶ֤ם בֶּֽהָלָה֙ אֶת־הַשַּׁחֶ֣פֶת וְאֶת־הַקַּדַּ֔חַת מְכַלּ֥וֹת עֵינַ֖יִם וּמְדִיבֹ֣ת נָ֑פֶשׁ וּזְרַעְתֶּ֤ם לָרִיק֙ זַרְעֲכֶ֔ם וַאֲכָלֻ֖הוּ אֹיְבֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "Also-I *ʾeʿĕśeh*-*zōʾt* to-you and-*hipqadtî* upon-you *behālâ* *ʾet*-*haššaḥepet* and-*ʾet*-*haqqaddaḥat* *mekalôt* *ʿênayim* and-*medîbōt* *nāpeš* and-*zeraʿtem* to-*rîq* *zarʿăkem* and-*ʾăkāluhû* *ʾōyebêkem*", "grammar": { "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will do", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - this", "*hipqadtî*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I will appoint", "*behālâ*": "noun, feminine singular - terror/sudden destruction", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*haššaḥepet*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the consumption/tuberculosis", "*haqqaddaḥat*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the fever", "*mekalôt*": "verb, piel participle, feminine plural - consuming", "*ʿênayim*": "noun, feminine dual - eyes", "*medîbōt*": "verb, hiphil participle, feminine plural - causing to pine away", "*nāpeš*": "noun, feminine singular - soul", "*zeraʿtem*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - and you will sow", "*rîq*": "noun, masculine singular - emptiness/vanity", "*zarʿăkem*": "noun, masculine singular + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your seed", "*ʾăkāluhû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural with waw consecutive + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and they will eat it", "*ʾōyebêkem*": "verb, qal participle, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your enemies" }, "variants": { "*behālâ*": "terror/sudden destruction/panic", "*haššaḥepet*": "consumption/tuberculosis/wasting disease", "*haqqaddaḥat*": "fever/burning ague", "*mekalôt*": "consuming/destroying/wasting", "*medîbōt*": "causing to pine away/causing sorrow/causing grief", "*rîq*": "emptiness/vanity/for nothing" } } 17 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.17", "source": "וְנָתַתִּ֤י פָנַי֙ בָּכֶ֔ם וְנִגַּפְתֶּ֖ם לִפְנֵ֣י אֹיְבֵיכֶ֑ם וְרָד֤וּ בָכֶם֙ שֹֽׂנְאֵיכֶ֔ם וְנַסְתֶּ֖ם וְאֵין־רֹדֵ֥ף אֶתְכֶֽם׃", "text": "And-*nātattî* *pānay* against-you and-*niggaptem* before *ʾōyebêkem* and-*rādû* in-you *śōneʾêkem* and-*nastem* and-*ʾên*-*rōdēp* *ʾetkem*", "grammar": { "*nātattî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I will set", "*pānay*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix - my face", "*niggaptem*": "verb, niphal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - and you will be struck down", "*ʾōyebêkem*": "verb, qal participle, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your enemies", "*rādû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural with waw consecutive - and they will rule", "*śōneʾêkem*": "verb, qal participle, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - those who hate you", "*nastem*": "verb, qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - and you will flee", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*rōdēp*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - pursuer", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you" }, "variants": { "*pānay*": "my face/my presence/my attention", "*niggaptem*": "be struck down/be defeated/be smitten", "*rādû*": "rule over/dominate/have dominion over", "*śōneʾêkem*": "those who hate you/your haters/your enemies", "*nastem*": "flee/run away/escape" } } 18 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.18", "source": "וְאִ֨ם־עַד־אֵ֔לֶּה לֹ֥א תִשְׁמְע֖וּ לִ֑י וְיָסַפְתִּי֙ לְיַסְּרָ֣ה אֶתְכֶ֔ם שֶׁ֖בַע עַל־חַטֹּאתֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "And-if-until-*ʾēlleh* not *tišmeʿû* to-me and-*yāsaptî* to-*yassĕrâ* *ʾetkem* *šebaʿ* upon-*ḥaṭṭōʾtêkem*", "grammar": { "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, common plural - these", "*tišmeʿû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will listen", "*yāsaptî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I will continue", "*yassĕrâ*": "verb, piel infinitive construct - to discipline", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you", "*šebaʿ*": "numeral, feminine - seven", "*ḥaṭṭōʾtêkem*": "noun, feminine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sins" }, "variants": { "*tišmeʿû*": "listen/obey/heed", "*yāsaptî*": "continue/add/increase", "*yassĕrâ*": "discipline/chastise/punish", "*šebaʿ*": "seven times/sevenfold", "*ḥaṭṭōʾtêkem*": "your sins/your offenses/your transgressions" } } 19 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.19", "source": "וְשָׁבַרְתִּ֖י אֶת־גְּא֣וֹן עֻזְּכֶ֑ם וְנָתַתִּ֤י אֶת־שְׁמֵיכֶם֙ כַּבַּרְזֶ֔ל וְאֶֽת־אַרְצְכֶ֖ם כַּנְּחֻשָֽׁה׃", "text": "And *wə-šāḇartî* *ʾet*-*gəʾôn* *ʿuzzəḵem* and *wə-nāṯattî* *ʾet*-*šəmêḵem* like *ka-barzel* and *wə-ʾet*-*ʾarṣəḵem* like *ka-nəḥušâ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-šāḇartî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will break", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*gəʾôn*": "construct state, masculine singular - pride of", "*ʿuzzəḵem*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your strength", "*wə-nāṯattî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will make/set", "*šəmêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your heavens", "*ka-barzel*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - like iron", "*ʾarṣəḵem*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your land/earth", "*ka-nəḥušâ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - like bronze/copper" }, "variants": { "*šāḇartî*": "break/shatter/destroy", "*gəʾôn*": "pride/majesty/exaltation", "*ʿuzzəḵem*": "strength/might/power", "*nāṯattî*": "give/put/set/make", "*barzel*": "iron", "*nəḥušâ*": "bronze/copper" } } 20 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.20", "source": "וְתַ֥ם לָרִ֖יק כֹּחֲכֶ֑ם וְלֹֽא־תִתֵּ֤ן אַרְצְכֶם֙ אֶת־יְבוּלָ֔הּ וְעֵ֣ץ הָאָ֔רֶץ לֹ֥א יִתֵּ֖ן פִּרְיֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wə-tam* for *lārîq* *kōḥăḵem* and *wə-lōʾ*-*titten* *ʾarṣəḵem* *ʾet*-*yəḇûlāh* and *wə-ʿēṣ* *hā-ʾāreṣ* *lōʾ* *yitten* *piryô*.", "grammar": { "*wə-tam*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and will be consumed/spent", "*lārîq*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - for emptiness/vanity", "*kōḥăḵem*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your strength", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*titten*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - she will give", "*ʾarṣəḵem*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your land", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yəḇûlāh*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her produce/yield", "*wə-ʿēṣ*": "conjunction + masculine singular construct - and tree of", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the land/earth", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yitten*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will give", "*piryô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his fruit" }, "variants": { "*tam*": "be finished/consumed/exhausted", "*lārîq*": "for emptiness/vanity/nothingness", "*kōḥăḵem*": "strength/power/might", "*titten*": "give/yield/produce", "*yəḇûlāh*": "produce/yield/increase", "*ʿēṣ*": "tree/wood", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground", "*piry*": "fruit/produce" } } 21 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.21", "source": "וְאִם־תֵּֽלְכ֤וּ עִמִּי֙ קֶ֔רִי וְלֹ֥א תֹאב֖וּ לִשְׁמֹ֣עַֽ לִ֑י וְיָסַפְתִּ֤י עֲלֵיכֶם֙ מַכָּ֔ה שֶׁ֖בַע כְּחַטֹּאתֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "And if *wə-ʾim*-*tēləḵû* *ʿimmî* *qerî* and *wə-lōʾ* *ṯōʾḇû* *lišmōaʿ* to me *lî* and *wə-yāsap̄tî* upon you *ʿălêḵem* *makkâ* *šeḇaʿ* according to *kə-ḥaṭṭōʾṯêḵem*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾim*": "conjunction + conditional particle - and if", "*tēləḵû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you will walk/go", "*ʿimmî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - with me", "*qerî*": "masculine singular noun - contrary/hostile encounter", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ṯōʾḇû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you will be willing", "*lišmōaʿ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to listen/hear/obey", "*lî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*wə-yāsap̄tî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will add/increase", "*ʿălêḵem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - upon you", "*makkâ*": "feminine singular noun - blow/strike/plague", "*šeḇaʿ*": "cardinal number - seven", "*kə-ḥaṭṭōʾṯêḵem*": "preposition + feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - according to your sins" }, "variants": { "*tēləḵû*": "walk/go/behave", "*qerî*": "hostility/contrariness/opposition", "*ṯōʾḇû*": "be willing/consent/agree", "*lišmōaʿ*": "to hear/listen/obey", "*yāsap̄tî*": "add/increase/continue", "*makkâ*": "blow/stroke/plague", "*šeḇaʿ*": "seven (possibly meaning 'sevenfold')", "*ḥaṭṭōʾṯêḵem*": "sins/offenses" } } 22 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.22", "source": "וְהִשְׁלַחְתִּ֨י בָכֶ֜ם אֶת־חַיַּ֤ת הַשָּׂדֶה֙ וְשִׁכְּלָ֣ה אֶתְכֶ֔ם וְהִכְרִ֙יתָה֙ אֶת־בְּהֶמְתְּכֶ֔ם וְהִמְעִ֖יטָה אֶתְכֶ֑ם וְנָשַׁ֖מּוּ דַּרְכֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wə-hišlaḥtî* among you *ḇāḵem* *ʾet*-*ḥayyaṯ* *ha-śāḏeh* and *wə-šikkəlâ* you *ʾeṯḵem* and *wə-hiḵrîṯâ* *ʾet*-*bəhemtəḵem* and *wə-himʿîṭâ* you *ʾeṯḵem* and *wə-nāšammû* *darḵêḵem*.", "grammar": { "*wə-hišlaḥtî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will send", "*ḇāḵem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - among you", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ḥayyaṯ*": "feminine singular construct - animal/beast of", "*ha-śāḏeh*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the field", "*wə-šikkəlâ*": "conjunction + Piel perfect 3rd person feminine singular - and it will bereave", "*ʾeṯḵem*": "direct object marker with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you", "*wə-hiḵrîṯâ*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 3rd person feminine singular - and it will cut off", "*bəhemtəḵem*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your cattle", "*wə-himʿîṭâ*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 3rd person feminine singular - and it will diminish", "*wə-nāšammû*": "conjunction + Niphal perfect 3rd person common plural - and they will be desolate", "*darḵêḵem*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your ways/roads" }, "variants": { "*hišlaḥtî*": "send/let loose/release", "*ḥayyaṯ*": "beast/animal/living creature", "*śāḏeh*": "field/open country", "*šikkəlâ*": "bereave/make childless/destroy", "*hiḵrîṯâ*": "cut off/destroy/eliminate", "*bəhemtəḵem*": "cattle/livestock/beasts", "*himʿîṭâ*": "diminish/reduce/make few", "*nāšammû*": "be desolate/deserted/uninhabited", "*darḵêḵem*": "ways/roads/paths" } } 23 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.23", "source": "וְאִ֨ם־בְּאֵ֔לֶּה לֹ֥א תִוָּסְר֖וּ לִ֑י וַהֲלַכְתֶּ֥ם עִמִּ֖י קֶֽרִי׃", "text": "And if *wə-ʾim*-*bə-ʾēlleh* *lōʾ* *tiwwāsərû* to me *lî* and *wa-hălaḵtem* with me *ʿimmî* *qerî*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾim*": "conjunction + conditional particle - and if", "*bə-ʾēlleh*": "preposition + demonstrative pronoun plural - by/with these", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tiwwāsərû*": "Niphal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you will be corrected/instructed", "*lî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*wa-hălaḵtem*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - and you will walk", "*ʿimmî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - with me", "*qerî*": "masculine singular noun - contrary/hostile encounter" }, "variants": { "*tiwwāsərû*": "be corrected/disciplined/chastened", "*hălaḵtem*": "walk/go/behave", "*qerî*": "hostility/contrariness/opposition" } } 24 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.24", "source": "וְהָלַכְתִּ֧י אַף־אֲנִ֛י עִמָּכֶ֖ם בְּקֶ֑רִי וְהִכֵּיתִ֤י אֶתְכֶם֙ גַּם־אָ֔נִי שֶׁ֖בַע עַל־חַטֹּאתֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wə-hālaḵtî* also *ʾap̄* I *ʾănî* with you *ʿimmāḵem* in *bə-qerî* and *wə-hikkêṯî* you *ʾeṯḵem* also *gam* I *ʾānî* *šeḇaʿ* for *ʿal*-*ḥaṭṭōʾṯêḵem*.", "grammar": { "*wə-hālaḵtî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will walk", "*ʾap̄*": "conjunction/particle - also/even", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*ʿimmāḵem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - with you", "*bə-qerî*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - in hostility", "*wə-hikkêṯî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will strike", "*ʾeṯḵem*": "direct object marker with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you", "*gam*": "conjunction/particle - also/even", "*ʾānî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*šeḇaʿ*": "cardinal number - seven", "*ʿal*": "preposition - for/because of", "*ḥaṭṭōʾṯêḵem*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sins" }, "variants": { "*hālaḵtî*": "walk/go/behave", "*ʾap̄*": "also/even/indeed", "*qerî*": "hostility/contrariness/opposition", "*hikkêṯî*": "strike/smite/hit", "*gam*": "also/moreover/even", "*šeḇaʿ*": "seven (possibly meaning 'sevenfold')", "*ḥaṭṭōʾṯêḵem*": "sins/offenses" } } 25 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.25", "source": "וְהֵבֵאתִ֨י עֲלֵיכֶ֜ם חֶ֗רֶב נֹקֶ֙מֶת֙ נְקַם־בְּרִ֔ית וְנֶאֱסַפְתֶּ֖ם אֶל־עָרֵיכֶ֑ם וְשִׁלַּ֤חְתִּי דֶ֙בֶר֙ בְּת֣וֹכְכֶ֔ם וְנִתַּתֶּ֖ם בְּיַד־אוֹיֵֽב׃", "text": "And *wə-hēḇēʾṯî* upon you *ʿălêḵem* *ḥereḇ* *nōqemeṯ* *nəqam*-*bərîṯ* and *wə-neʾĕsap̄tem* to *ʾel*-*ʿārêḵem* and *wə-šillaḥtî* *ḏeḇer* in *bə-ṯôḵəḵem* and *wə-nittaṯtem* in *bə-yaḏ*-*ʾôyēḇ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-hēḇēʾṯî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will bring", "*ʿălêḵem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - upon you", "*ḥereḇ*": "feminine singular noun - sword", "*nōqemeṯ*": "Qal participle feminine singular - avenging", "*nəqam*": "masculine singular construct - vengeance of", "*bərîṯ*": "feminine singular noun - covenant", "*wə-neʾĕsap̄tem*": "conjunction + Niphal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - and you will be gathered", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*ʿārêḵem*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your cities", "*wə-šillaḥtî*": "conjunction + Piel perfect 1st person singular - and I will send", "*ḏeḇer*": "masculine singular noun - pestilence", "*bə-ṯôḵəḵem*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - in your midst", "*wə-nittaṯtem*": "conjunction + Niphal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - and you will be given", "*bə-yaḏ*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - into hand of", "*ʾôyēḇ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - enemy" }, "variants": { "*hēḇēʾṯî*": "bring/lead/carry", "*ḥereḇ*": "sword/knife/cutting instrument", "*nōqemeṯ*": "avenging/taking vengeance", "*nəqam*": "vengeance/revenge", "*bərîṯ*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*neʾĕsap̄tem*": "be gathered/assembled/brought in", "*ʿārêḵem*": "cities/towns", "*šillaḥtî*": "send/dispatch/release", "*ḏeḇer*": "pestilence/plague/disease", "*ṯôḵəḵem*": "midst/middle/among", "*nittaṯtem*": "be given/delivered/handed over", "*yaḏ*": "hand/power/control", "*ʾôyēḇ*": "enemy/foe/adversary" } } 26 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.26", "source": "בְּשִׁבְרִ֣י לָכֶם֮ מַטֵּה־לֶחֶם֒ וְ֠אָפוּ עֶ֣שֶׂר נָשִׁ֤ים לַחְמְכֶם֙ בְּתַנּ֣וּר אֶחָ֔ד וְהֵשִׁ֥יבוּ לַחְמְכֶ֖ם בַּמִּשְׁקָ֑ל וַאֲכַלְתֶּ֖ם וְלֹ֥א תִשְׂבָּֽעוּ׃", "text": "In *bə-šiḇrî* to you *lāḵem* *maṭṭēh*-*leḥem* and *wə-ʾāp̄û* *ʿeśer* *nāšîm* your bread *laḥməḵem* in *bə-tannûr* *ʾeḥāḏ* and *wə-hēšîḇû* your bread *laḥməḵem* by *ba-mišqāl* and *wa-ʾăḵaltem* and *wə-lōʾ* *ṯiśbāʿû*.", "grammar": { "*bə-šiḇrî*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct with 1st person singular suffix - when I break", "*lāḵem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - to/for you", "*maṭṭēh*": "masculine singular construct - staff/rod of", "*leḥem*": "masculine singular noun - bread/food", "*wə-ʾāp̄û*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - and they will bake", "*ʿeśer*": "cardinal number - ten", "*nāšîm*": "feminine plural noun - women", "*laḥməḵem*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your bread", "*bə-tannûr*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - in oven", "*ʾeḥāḏ*": "cardinal number - one", "*wə-hēšîḇû*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 3rd person common plural - and they will return/give back", "*ba-mišqāl*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - by weight", "*wa-ʾăḵaltem*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - and you will eat", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ṯiśbāʿû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you will be satisfied" }, "variants": { "*šiḇrî*": "break/shatter/destroy", "*maṭṭēh*": "staff/rod/support", "*leḥem*": "bread/food/sustenance", "*ʾāp̄û*": "bake/cook", "*nāšîm*": "women", "*laḥməḵem*": "your bread/food", "*tannûr*": "oven/furnace", "*hēšîḇû*": "return/restore/bring back", "*mišqāl*": "weight/measure", "*ʾăḵaltem*": "eat/consume", "*ṯiśbāʿû*": "be satisfied/filled/have enough" } } 27 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.27", "source": "וְאִ֨ם־בְּזֹ֔את לֹ֥א תִשְׁמְע֖וּ לִ֑י וַהֲלַכְתֶּ֥ם עִמִּ֖י בְּקֶֽרִי׃", "text": "And if *wə-ʾim*-*bə-zōʾṯ* *lōʾ* *ṯišməʿû* to me *lî* and *wa-hălaḵtem* with me *ʿimmî* in *bə-qerî*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾim*": "conjunction + conditional particle - and if", "*bə-zōʾṯ*": "preposition + feminine singular demonstrative pronoun - in/by this", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ṯišməʿû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you will listen/hear/obey", "*lî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to me", "*wa-hălaḵtem*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - and you will walk", "*ʿimmî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - with me", "*bə-qerî*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - in hostility" }, "variants": { "*zōʾṯ*": "this (feminine singular)", "*ṯišməʿû*": "hear/listen/obey", "*hălaḵtem*": "walk/go/behave", "*qerî*": "hostility/contrariness/opposition" } } 28 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.28", "source": "וְהָלַכְתִּ֥י עִמָּכֶ֖ם בַּחֲמַת־קֶ֑רִי וְיִסַּרְתִּ֤י אֶתְכֶם֙ אַף־אָ֔נִי שֶׁ֖בַע עַל־חַטֹּאתֵיכֶם׃", "text": "And *wə-hālaḵtî* with you *ʿimmāḵem* in *ba-ḥămaṯ*-*qerî* and *wə-yissartî* you *ʾeṯḵem* also *ʾap̄*-*ʾānî* *šeḇaʿ* for *ʿal*-*ḥaṭṭōʾṯêḵem*.", "grammar": { "*wə-hālaḵtî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will walk", "*ʿimmāḵem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - with you", "*ba-ḥămaṯ*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - in fury of", "*qerî*": "masculine singular noun - hostility", "*wə-yissartî*": "conjunction + Piel perfect 1st person singular - and I will chastise", "*ʾeṯḵem*": "direct object marker with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you", "*ʾap̄*": "conjunction/particle - also/even", "*ʾānî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*šeḇaʿ*": "cardinal number - seven", "*ʿal*": "preposition - for/because of", "*ḥaṭṭōʾṯêḵem*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sins" }, "variants": { "*hālaḵtî*": "walk/go/behave", "*ḥămaṯ*": "heat/fury/wrath", "*qerî*": "hostility/contrariness/opposition", "*yissartî*": "chastise/discipline/punish", "*ʾap̄*": "also/even/indeed", "*šeḇaʿ*": "seven (possibly meaning 'sevenfold')", "*ḥaṭṭōʾṯêḵem*": "sins/offenses" } } 29 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.29", "source": "וַאֲכַלְתֶּ֖ם בְּשַׂ֣ר בְּנֵיכֶ֑ם וּבְשַׂ֥ר בְּנֹתֵיכֶ֖ם תֹּאכֵֽלוּ׃", "text": "And *wa-ʾăḵaltem* *bəśar* *bənêḵem* and *û-ḇəśar* *bənōṯêḵem* *tōʾḵēlû*.", "grammar": { "*wa-ʾăḵaltem*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - and you will eat", "*bəśar*": "masculine singular construct - flesh of", "*bənêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sons", "*û-ḇəśar*": "conjunction + masculine singular construct - and flesh of", "*bənōṯêḵem*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your daughters", "*tōʾḵēlû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you will eat" }, "variants": { "*ʾăḵaltem*": "eat/consume/devour", "*bəśar*": "flesh/meat/body", "*bənêḵem*": "your sons/children (male)", "*bənōṯêḵem*": "your daughters/children (female)", "*tōʾḵēlû*": "eat/consume/devour" } } 30 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.30", "source": "וְהִשְׁמַדְתִּ֞י אֶת־בָּמֹֽתֵיכֶ֗ם וְהִכְרַתִּי֙ אֶת־חַמָּ֣נֵיכֶ֔ם וְנָֽתַתִּי֙ אֶת־פִּגְרֵיכֶ֔ם עַל־פִּגְרֵ֖י גִּלּוּלֵיכֶ֑ם וְגָעֲלָ֥ה נַפְשִׁ֖י אֶתְכֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wə-hišmaḏtî* *ʾet*-*bāmōṯêḵem* and *wə-hiḵrattî* *ʾet*-*ḥammānêḵem* and *wə-nāṯattî* *ʾet*-*piḡrêḵem* upon *ʿal*-*piḡrê* *gillûlêḵem* and *wə-ḡāʿălâ* *nap̄šî* you *ʾeṯḵem*.", "grammar": { "*wə-hišmaḏtî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will destroy", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bāmōṯêḵem*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your high places", "*wə-hiḵrattî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will cut off", "*ḥammānêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sun-pillars", "*wə-nāṯattî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will put", "*piḡrêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your corpses", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon", "*piḡrê*": "masculine plural construct - corpses of", "*gillûlêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your idols", "*wə-ḡāʿălâ*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - and will abhor", "*nap̄šî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my soul", "*ʾeṯḵem*": "direct object marker with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you" }, "variants": { "*hišmaḏtî*": "destroy/annihilate/exterminate", "*bāmōṯêḵem*": "high places/cult platforms", "*hiḵrattî*": "cut off/cut down/destroy", "*ḥammānêḵem*": "sun-pillars/incense altars", "*nāṯattî*": "give/put/place", "*piḡrêḵem*": "corpses/dead bodies", "*gillûlêḵem*": "idols/images/dung-idols", "*ḡāʿălâ*": "abhor/loathe/reject", "*nap̄šî*": "my soul/life/self" } } 31 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.31", "source": "וְנָתַתִּ֤י אֶת־עָֽרֵיכֶם֙ חָרְבָּ֔ה וַהֲשִׁמּוֹתִ֖י אֶת־מִקְדְּשֵׁיכֶ֑ם וְלֹ֣א אָרִ֔יחַ בְּרֵ֖יחַ נִיחֹֽחֲכֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wə-nāṯattî* *ʾet*-*ʿārêḵem* *ḥorḇâ* and *wa-hăšimmôṯî* *ʾet*-*miqdəšêḵem* and *wə-lōʾ* *ʾārîaḥ* in *bə-rêaḥ* *nîḥōḥăḵem*.", "grammar": { "*wə-nāṯattî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will make", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿārêḵem*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your cities", "*ḥorḇâ*": "feminine singular noun - waste/desolation", "*wa-hăšimmôṯî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will make desolate", "*miqdəšêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sanctuaries", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ʾārîaḥ*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular - I will smell", "*bə-rêaḥ*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - in odor of", "*nîḥōḥăḵem*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your pleasing (offerings)" }, "variants": { "*nāṯattî*": "give/make/set", "*ʿārêḵem*": "your cities/towns", "*ḥorḇâ*": "waste/ruin/desolation", "*hăšimmôṯî*": "make desolate/lay waste", "*miqdəšêḵem*": "your sanctuaries/holy places", "*ʾārîaḥ*": "smell/perceive odor", "*rêaḥ*": "odor/scent/smell", "*nîḥōḥăḵem*": "your pleasant/sweet/pleasing (offerings)" } } 32 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.32", "source": "וַהֲשִׁמֹּתִ֥י אֲנִ֖י אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְשָֽׁמְמ֤וּ עָלֶ֙יהָ֙ אֹֽיְבֵיכֶ֔ם הַיֹּשְׁבִ֖ים בָּֽהּ׃", "text": "And *wa-hăšimmōṯî* I *ʾănî* *ʾet*-*hā-ʾāreṣ* and *wə-šāmməmû* upon her *ʿālêhā* *ʾōyəḇêḵem* *ha-yōšəḇîm* in her *bāh*.", "grammar": { "*wa-hăšimmōṯî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will make desolate", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the land", "*wə-šāmməmû*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - and they will be astonished", "*ʿālêhā*": "preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - upon it", "*ʾōyəḇêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your enemies", "*ha-yōšəḇîm*": "definite article + Qal participle masculine plural - the ones dwelling", "*bāh*": "preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - in it" }, "variants": { "*hăšimmōṯî*": "make desolate/lay waste", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground", "*šāmməmû*": "be astonished/appalled/desolate", "*ʾōyəḇêḵem*": "your enemies/foes/adversaries", "*yōšəḇîm*": "dwelling/living/sitting" } } 33 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.33", "source": "וְאֶתְכֶם֙ אֱזָרֶ֣ה בַגּוֹיִ֔ם וַהֲרִיקֹתִ֥י אַחֲרֵיכֶ֖ם חָ֑רֶב וְהָיְתָ֤ה אַרְצְכֶם֙ שְׁמָמָ֔ה וְעָרֵיכֶ֖ם יִהְי֥וּ חָרְבָּֽה׃", "text": "And you *wə-ʾeṯḵem* *ʾĕzāreh* among *ḇa-gôyim* and *wa-hărîqōṯî* after you *ʾaḥărêḵem* *ḥāreḇ* and *wə-hāyəṯâ* your land *ʾarṣəḵem* *šəmāmâ* and your cities *wə-ʿārêḵem* *yihyû* *ḥorḇâ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾeṯḵem*": "conjunction + direct object marker with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - and you", "*ʾĕzāreh*": "Piel imperfect 1st person singular - I will scatter", "*ḇa-gôyim*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - among the nations", "*wa-hărîqōṯî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will draw", "*ʾaḥărêḵem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - after you", "*ḥāreḇ*": "feminine singular noun - sword", "*wə-hāyəṯâ*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - and will be", "*ʾarṣəḵem*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your land", "*šəmāmâ*": "feminine singular noun - desolation", "*wə-ʿārêḵem*": "conjunction + feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - and your cities", "*yihyû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will be", "*ḥorḇâ*": "feminine singular noun - waste/desolation" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕzāreh*": "scatter/disperse/winnow", "*gôyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*hărîqōṯî*": "draw out/unsheathe/empty", "*ḥāreḇ*": "sword/knife/cutting instrument", "*hāyəṯâ*": "be/become/exist", "*ʾarṣəḵem*": "your land/country/territory", "*šəmāmâ*": "desolation/waste/devastation", "*ʿārêḵem*": "your cities/towns", "*yihyû*": "be/become/exist", "*ḥorḇâ*": "waste/ruin/desolation" } } 34 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.34", "source": "אָז֩ תִּרְצֶ֨ה הָאָ֜רֶץ אֶת־שַׁבְּתֹתֶ֗יהָ כֹּ֚ל יְמֵ֣י הֳשַׁמָּ֔ה וְאַתֶּ֖ם בְּאֶ֣רֶץ אֹיְבֵיכֶ֑ם אָ֚ז תִּשְׁבַּ֣ת הָאָ֔רֶץ וְהִרְצָ֖ת אֶת־שַׁבְּתֹתֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "Then *ʾāz* *tirṣeh* *hā-ʾāreṣ* *ʾet*-*šabbəṯōṯêhā* all *kōl* days of *yəmê* *hošammâ* and you *wə-ʾattem* in land of *bə-ʾereṣ* your enemies *ʾōyəḇêḵem* then *ʾāz* *tišbaṯ* *hā-ʾāreṣ* and *wə-hirṣāṯ* *ʾet*-*šabbəṯōṯêhā*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then/at that time", "*tirṣeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - she will enjoy/accept", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the land", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*šabbəṯōṯêhā*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her sabbaths", "*kōl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*yəmê*": "masculine plural construct - days of", "*hošammâ*": "Hophal infinitive construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her being desolate", "*wə-ʾattem*": "conjunction + 2nd person masculine plural independent pronoun - and you", "*bə-ʾereṣ*": "preposition + construct - in land of", "*ʾōyəḇêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your enemies", "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then/at that time", "*tišbaṯ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - she will rest", "*wə-hirṣāṯ*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she will make up for", "*šabbəṯōṯêhā*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her sabbaths" }, "variants": { "*ʾāz*": "then/at that time", "*tirṣeh*": "enjoy/accept/be pleased with", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground", "*šabbəṯōṯêhā*": "her sabbaths/rest periods", "*hošammâ*": "being desolate/lying waste", "*ʾōyəḇêḵem*": "your enemies/foes/adversaries", "*tišbaṯ*": "rest/cease/desist", "*hirṣāṯ*": "make up for/satisfy/pay off" } } 35 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.35", "source": "כָּל־יְמֵ֥י הָשַׁמָּ֖ה תִּשְׁבֹּ֑ת אֵ֣ת אֲשֶׁ֧ר לֹֽא־שָׁבְתָ֛ה בְּשַׁבְּתֹתֵיכֶ֖ם בְּשִׁבְתְּכֶ֥ם עָלֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "All *kol*-*yəmê* *ha-šammâ* *tišbōṯ* *ʾēṯ* that which *ʾăšer* *lōʾ*-*šāḇəṯâ* in your sabbaths *bə-šabbəṯōṯêḵem* in your dwelling *bə-šiḇtəḵem* upon it *ʿālêhā*.", "grammar": { "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*yəmê*": "masculine plural construct - days of", "*ha-šammâ*": "definite article + Qal infinitive construct - the desolation", "*tišbōṯ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - it will rest", "*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*šāḇəṯâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - she rested", "*bə-šabbəṯōṯêḵem*": "preposition + feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - in your sabbaths", "*bə-šiḇtəḵem*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - in your dwelling", "*ʿālêhā*": "preposition with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - upon it" }, "variants": { "*yəmê*": "days of", "*šammâ*": "desolation/devastation", "*tišbōṯ*": "rest/cease/desist", "*šāḇəṯâ*": "rested/ceased/desisted", "*šabbəṯōṯêḵem*": "your sabbaths/rest periods", "*šiḇtəḵem*": "your dwelling/sitting/remaining" } } 36 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.36", "source": "וְהַנִּשְׁאָרִ֣ים בָּכֶ֔ם וְהֵבֵ֤אתִי מֹ֙רֶךְ֙ בִּלְבָבָ֔ם בְּאַרְצֹ֖ת אֹיְבֵיהֶ֑ם וְרָדַ֣ף אֹתָ֗ם ק֚וֹל עָלֶ֣ה נִדָּ֔ף וְנָס֧וּ מְנֻֽסַת־חֶ֛רֶב וְנָפְל֖וּ וְאֵ֥ין רֹדֵֽף׃", "text": "And *wə-ha-nišʾārîm* among you *bāḵem* and *wə-hēḇēʾṯî* *mōreḵ* in their hearts *bi-lḇāḇām* in lands of *bə-ʾarṣōṯ* their enemies *ʾōyəḇêhem* and *wə-rāḏap̄* them *ʾōṯām* *qôl* *ʿāleh* *niddāp̄* and *wə-nāsû* *mənusaṯ*-*ḥereḇ* and *wə-nāp̄əlû* and *wə-ʾên* *rōḏēp̄*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ha-nišʾārîm*": "conjunction + definite article + Niphal participle masculine plural - and the ones remaining", "*bāḵem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - among you", "*wə-hēḇēʾṯî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will bring", "*mōreḵ*": "masculine singular noun - faintness/softness", "*bi-lḇāḇām*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - into their hearts", "*bə-ʾarṣōṯ*": "preposition + feminine plural construct - in lands of", "*ʾōyəḇêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their enemies", "*wə-rāḏap̄*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and will pursue", "*ʾōṯām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them", "*qôl*": "masculine singular construct - sound of", "*ʿāleh*": "masculine singular noun - leaf", "*niddāp̄*": "Niphal participle masculine singular - being driven", "*wə-nāsû*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - and they will flee", "*mənusaṯ*": "feminine singular construct - flight of", "*ḥereḇ*": "feminine singular noun - sword", "*wə-nāp̄əlû*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - and they will fall", "*wə-ʾên*": "conjunction + particle of negation - and there is not", "*rōḏēp̄*": "Qal participle masculine singular - one pursuing" }, "variants": { "*nišʾārîm*": "remaining/left/surviving", "*hēḇēʾṯî*": "bring/carry/lead", "*mōreḵ*": "faintness/cowardice/softness", "*lḇāḇām*": "their heart/mind/inner being", "*ʾarṣōṯ*": "lands/territories/countries", "*ʾōyəḇêhem*": "their enemies/foes/adversaries", "*rāḏap̄*": "pursue/chase/follow after", "*qôl*": "sound/noise/voice", "*ʿāleh*": "leaf/foliage", "*niddāp̄*": "being driven/scattered/blown away", "*nāsû*": "flee/escape/run away", "*mənusaṯ*": "flight/escape", "*ḥereḇ*": "sword/knife/cutting instrument", "*nāp̄əlû*": "fall/drop/be cast down", "*ʾên*": "there is not/nothing/no", "*rōḏēp̄*": "pursuer/chaser" } } 37 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.37", "source": "וְכָשְׁל֧וּ אִישׁ־בְּאָחִ֛יו כְּמִפְּנֵי־חֶ֖רֶב וְרֹדֵ֣ף אָ֑יִן וְלֹא־תִֽהְיֶ֤ה לָכֶם֙ תְּקוּמָ֔ה לִפְנֵ֖י אֹֽיְבֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "*wə-kāšəlû* *ʾîš*-*bəʾāḥîw* *kəmippənê*-*ḥereb* *wə-rōdēp* *ʾāyin* *wə-lōʾ*-*tihyeh* *lākem* *təqûmāh* *lipnê* *ʾōyəbêkem*", "grammar": { "*wə-kāšəlû*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person plural - and they shall stumble/fall", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular construct - each man/one", "*bəʾāḥîw*": "preposition + masculine noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - against his brother", "*kəmippənê*": "preposition + preposition + construct form - as from before/as if fleeing from", "*ḥereb*": "feminine singular noun - sword", "*wə-rōdēp*": "conjunction + Qal participle masculine singular - and pursuer", "*ʾāyin*": "adverb of negation - there is none", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*tihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - will be", "*lākem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - to you", "*təqûmāh*": "feminine singular noun - standing/ability to stand/resistance", "*lipnê*": "preposition + construct form - before/in front of", "*ʾōyəbêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your enemies" }, "variants": { "*kāšəlû*": "stumble/fall/stagger/fail", "*ʾîš*": "man/each one/one another", "*kəmippənê*": "as if before/as if fleeing from", "*təqûmāh*": "standing/ability to rise/resistance/recovery" } } 38 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.38", "source": "וַאֲבַדְתֶּ֖ם בַּגּוֹיִ֑ם וְאָכְלָ֣ה אֶתְכֶ֔ם אֶ֖רֶץ אֹיְבֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "*wa-ʾăbadtem* *baggôyim* *wə-ʾāḵəlāh* *ʾetkem* *ʾereṣ* *ʾōyəbêkem*", "grammar": { "*wa-ʾăbadtem*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 2nd person masculine plural - and you shall perish", "*baggôyim*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - among the nations", "*wə-ʾāḵəlāh*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she shall consume/devour", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular construct noun - land of", "*ʾōyəbêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your enemies" }, "variants": { "*ʾăbadtem*": "perish/be destroyed/be lost", "*ʾāḵəlāh*": "eat/consume/devour" } } 39 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.39", "source": "וְהַנִּשְׁאָרִ֣ים בָּכֶ֗ם יִמַּ֙קּוּ֙ בּֽ͏ַעֲוֺנָ֔ם בְּאַרְצֹ֖ת אֹיְבֵיכֶ֑ם וְאַ֛ף בַּעֲוֺנֹ֥ת אֲבֹתָ֖ם אִתָּ֥ם יִמָּֽקּוּ׃", "text": "*wə-hannišʾārîm* *bākem* *yimmaqû* *baʿăwōnām* *bəʾarṣōt* *ʾōyəbêkem* *wə-ʾap* *baʿăwōnōt* *ʾăbōtām* *ʾittām* *yimmāqû*", "grammar": { "*wə-hannišʾārîm*": "conjunction + definite article + Niphal participle masculine plural - and those remaining", "*bākem*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - among you", "*yimmaqû*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they shall waste away/rot", "*baʿăwōnām*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their iniquity", "*bəʾarṣōt*": "preposition + feminine plural construct - in lands of", "*ʾōyəbêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your enemies", "*wə-ʾap*": "conjunction + adverb/conjunction - and also/moreover", "*baʿăwōnōt*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - in iniquities of", "*ʾăbōtām*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their fathers", "*ʾittām*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - with them", "*yimmāqû*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they shall waste away/rot" }, "variants": { "*nišʾārîm*": "remaining/left over/survivors", "*yimmaqû*": "rot/waste away/decay/pine away", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment for iniquity", "*ʾăbōt*": "fathers/ancestors/forefathers" } } 40 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.40", "source": "וְהִתְוַדּ֤וּ אֶת־עֲוֺנָם֙ וְאֶת־עֲוֺ֣ן אֲבֹתָ֔ם בְּמַעֲלָ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֣ר מָֽעֲלוּ־בִ֑י וְאַ֕ף אֲשֶׁר־הֽ͏ָלְכ֥וּ עִמִּ֖י בְּקֶֽרִי׃", "text": "*wə-hitwaddû* *ʾet*-*ʿăwōnām* *wə-ʾet*-*ʿăwōn* *ʾăbōtām* *bəmaʿălām* *ʾăšer* *māʿălû*-*bî* *wə-ʾap* *ʾăšer*-*hālḵû* *ʿimmî* *bəqerî*", "grammar": { "*wə-hitwaddû*": "conjunction + Hithpael perfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they shall confess", "*ʾet*-*ʿăwōnām*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their iniquity", "*wə-ʾet*-*ʿăwōn*": "conjunction + direct object marker + masculine singular construct - and iniquity of", "*ʾăbōtām*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their fathers", "*bəmaʿălām*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their unfaithfulness", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*māʿălû*-*bî*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural + preposition with 1st person singular suffix - they have committed against me", "*wə-ʾap*": "conjunction + adverb/conjunction - and also", "*ʾăšer*-*hālḵû*": "relative pronoun + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural - which they walked/went", "*ʿimmî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - with me", "*bəqerî*": "preposition + masculine noun - in hostility/contrary" }, "variants": { "*hitwaddû*": "confess/acknowledge", "*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment for iniquity", "*maʿal*": "unfaithfulness/treachery/trespass", "*qerî*": "hostility/contrariness/opposition/stubbornness" } } 41 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.41", "source": "אַף־אֲנִ֗י אֵלֵ֤ךְ עִמָּם֙ בְּקֶ֔רִי וְהֵבֵאתִ֣י אֹתָ֔ם בְּאֶ֖רֶץ אֹיְבֵיהֶ֑ם אוֹ־אָ֣ז יִכָּנַ֗ע לְבָבָם֙ הֶֽעָרֵ֔ל וְאָ֖ז יִרְצ֥וּ אֶת־עֲוֺנָֽם׃", "text": "*ʾap*-*ʾănî* *ʾēlēḵ* *ʿimmām* *bəqerî* *wə-hēbēʾtî* *ʾōtām* *bəʾereṣ* *ʾōyəbêhem* *ʾô*-*ʾāz* *yikkānaʿ* *ləbābām* *heʿārēl* *wə-ʾāz* *yirṣû* *ʾet*-*ʿăwōnām*", "grammar": { "*ʾap*-*ʾănî*": "conjunction/adverb + 1st person singular independent pronoun - I also", "*ʾēlēḵ*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will walk/go", "*ʿimmām*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - with them", "*bəqerî*": "preposition + masculine noun - in hostility/contrary", "*wə-hēbēʾtî*": "conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will bring", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them", "*bəʾereṣ*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - in land of", "*ʾōyəbêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their enemies", "*ʾô*-*ʾāz*": "conjunction + adverb - or then/perhaps then", "*yikkānaʿ*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - will be humbled", "*ləbābām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their heart", "*heʿārēl*": "definite article + adjective masculine singular - the uncircumcised", "*wə-ʾāz*": "conjunction + adverb - and then", "*yirṣû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will accept/be satisfied", "*ʾet*-*ʿăwōnām*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their iniquity" }, "variants": { "*qerî*": "hostility/contrariness/opposition/stubbornness", "*yikkānaʿ*": "be humbled/be subdued/be brought low", "*ʿārēl*": "uncircumcised/impure/obstinate", "*yirṣû*": "accept/be satisfied/pay for/make amends" } } 42 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.42", "source": "וְזָכַרְתִּ֖י אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֣י יַעֲק֑וֹב וְאַף֩ אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֨י יִצְחָ֜ק וְאַ֨ף אֶת־בְּרִיתִ֧י אַבְרָהָ֛ם אֶזְכֹּ֖ר וְהָאָ֥רֶץ אֶזְכֹּֽר׃", "text": "*wə-zāḵartî* *ʾet*-*bərîtî* *yaʿăqôb* *wə-ʾap* *ʾet*-*bərîtî* *yiṣḥāq* *wə-ʾap* *ʾet*-*bərîtî* *ʾabrāhām* *ʾezkōr* *wə-hāʾāreṣ* *ʾezkōr*", "grammar": { "*wə-zāḵartî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will remember", "*ʾet*-*bərîtî*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*yaʿăqôb*": "proper noun - Jacob", "*wə-ʾap*": "conjunction + adverb/conjunction - and also", "*ʾet*-*bərîtî*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*yiṣḥāq*": "proper noun - Isaac", "*wə-ʾap*": "conjunction + adverb/conjunction - and also", "*ʾet*-*bərîtî*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*ʾabrāhām*": "proper noun - Abraham", "*ʾezkōr*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will remember", "*wə-hāʾāreṣ*": "conjunction + definite article + feminine singular noun - and the land", "*ʾezkōr*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will remember" }, "variants": { "*zāḵartî*": "remember/recall/be mindful of", "*bərît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty" } } 43 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.43", "source": "וְהָאָרֶץ֩ תֵּעָזֵ֨ב מֵהֶ֜ם וְתִ֣רֶץ אֶת־שַׁבְּתֹתֶ֗יהָ בָּהְּשַׁמָּה֙ מֵהֶ֔ם וְהֵ֖ם יִרְצ֣וּ אֶת־עֲוֺנָ֑ם יַ֣עַן וּבְיַ֔עַן בְּמִשְׁפָּטַ֣י מָאָ֔סוּ וְאֶת־חֻקֹּתַ֖י גָּעֲלָ֥ה נַפְשָֽׁם׃", "text": "*wə-hāʾāreṣ* *tēʿāzēb* *mēhem* *wə-tireṣ* *ʾet*-*šabbətōtêhā* *bāhəšammāh* *mēhem* *wə-hēm* *yirṣû* *ʾet*-*ʿăwōnām* *yaʿan* *ûbəyaʿan* *bəmišpāṭay* *māʾāsû* *wə-ʾet*-*ḥuqqōtay* *gāʿălāh* *napšām*", "grammar": { "*wə-hāʾāreṣ*": "conjunction + definite article + feminine singular noun - and the land", "*tēʿāzēb*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - she shall be abandoned", "*mēhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from them", "*wə-tireṣ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she shall enjoy/accept", "*ʾet*-*šabbətōtêhā*": "direct object marker + feminine plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her sabbaths", "*bāhəšammāh*": "preposition + Hophal infinitive construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - in her being desolate", "*mēhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from them", "*wə-hēm*": "conjunction + 3rd person masculine plural independent pronoun - and they", "*yirṣû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will accept/make amends for", "*ʾet*-*ʿăwōnām*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their iniquity", "*yaʿan*": "conjunction/adverb - because", "*ûbəyaʿan*": "conjunction + preposition + conjunction/adverb - and because", "*bəmišpāṭay*": "preposition + masculine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - against my judgments", "*māʾāsû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine plural - they rejected", "*wə-ʾet*-*ḥuqqōtay*": "conjunction + direct object marker + feminine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - and my statutes", "*gāʿălāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - she abhorred", "*napšām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their soul" }, "variants": { "*tēʿāzēb*": "be abandoned/be forsaken/be left", "*tireṣ*": "accept/enjoy/satisfy debt", "*šabbətōt*": "sabbaths/rest periods", "*həšammāh*": "being desolate/being deserted", "*yirṣû*": "accept/make amends for/pay for/satisfy", "*māʾāsû*": "reject/despise/refuse", "*gāʿălāh*": "abhor/loathe/reject" } } 44 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.44", "source": "וְאַף־גַּם־זֹ֠את בִּֽהְיוֹתָ֞ם בְּאֶ֣רֶץ אֹֽיְבֵיהֶ֗ם לֹֽא־מְאַסְתִּ֤ים וְלֹֽא־גְעַלְתִּים֙ לְכַלֹּתָ֔ם לְהָפֵ֥ר בְּרִיתִ֖י אִתָּ֑ם כִּ֛י אֲנִ֥י יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wə-ʾap*-*gam*-*zōʾt* *bihyôtām* *bəʾereṣ* *ʾōyəbêhem* *lōʾ*-*məʾastîm* *wə-lōʾ*-*gəʿaltîm* *ləḵallōtām* *ləhāpēr* *bərîtî* *ʾittām* *kî* *ʾănî* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêhem*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾap*-*gam*-*zōʾt*": "conjunction + adverb + adverb + feminine singular demonstrative pronoun - and yet for all that", "*bihyôtām*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their being", "*bəʾereṣ*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - in land of", "*ʾōyəbêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their enemies", "*lōʾ*-*məʾastîm*": "negative particle + Qal perfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - I will not reject them", "*wə-lōʾ*-*gəʿaltîm*": "conjunction + negative particle + Qal perfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and I will not abhor them", "*ləḵallōtām*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to destroy them", "*ləhāpēr*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - to break", "*bərîtî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my covenant", "*ʾittām*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - with them", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their God" }, "variants": { "*məʾastîm*": "reject/refuse/despise them", "*gəʿaltîm*": "abhor/loathe/reject them", "*ləḵallōtām*": "to finish them/to destroy them completely", "*ləhāpēr*": "to break/to annul/to make void" } } 45 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.45", "source": "וְזָכַרְתִּ֥י לָהֶ֖ם בְּרִ֣ית רִאשֹׁנִ֑ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר הוֹצֵֽאתִי־אֹתָם֩ מֵאֶ֨רֶץ מִצְרַ֜יִם לְעֵינֵ֣י הַגּוֹיִ֗ם לִהְיֹ֥ת לָהֶ֛ם לֵאלֹהִ֖ים אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*wə-zāḵartî* *lāhem* *bərît* *riʾšōnîm* *ʾăšer* *hôṣēʾtî*-*ʾōtām* *mēʾereṣ* *miṣrayim* *ləʿênê* *haggôyim* *lihyôt* *lāhem* *lēlōhîm* *ʾănî* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*wə-zāḵartî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will remember", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - for them", "*bərît*": "feminine singular construct - covenant of", "*riʾšōnîm*": "masculine plural adjective - former ones/ancestors", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - whom", "*hôṣēʾtî*-*ʾōtām*": "Hiphil perfect 1st person singular + direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - I brought them out", "*mēʾereṣ*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - from land of", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*ləʿênê*": "preposition + construct dual noun - before eyes of", "*haggôyim*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the nations", "*lihyôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to be", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them", "*lēlōhîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - for God", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD" }, "variants": { "*zāḵartî*": "remember/recall/be mindful of", "*riʾšōnîm*": "former ones/ancestors/previous ones", "*hôṣēʾtî*": "bring out/lead out/deliver", "*lihyôt*": "to be/to become/to exist" } } 46 { "verseID": "Leviticus.26.46", "source": "אֵ֠לֶּה הַֽחֻקִּ֣ים וְהַמִּשְׁפָּטִים֮ וְהַתּוֹרֹת֒ אֲשֶׁר֙ נָתַ֣ן יְהוָ֔ה בֵּינ֕וֹ וּבֵ֖ין בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל בְּהַ֥ר סִינַ֖י בְּיַד־מֹשֶֽׁה׃ פ", "text": "*ʾēlleh* *haḥuqqîm* *wə-hammišpāṭîm* *wə-hattôrōt* *ʾăšer* *nātan* *YHWH* *bênô* *ûbên* *bənê* *yiśrāʾēl* *bəhar* *sînay* *bəyad*-*mōšeh*", "grammar": { "*ʾēlleh*": "plural demonstrative pronoun - these", "*haḥuqqîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the statutes", "*wə-hammišpāṭîm*": "conjunction + definite article + masculine plural noun - and the judgments", "*wə-hattôrōt*": "conjunction + definite article + feminine plural noun - and the laws", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*nātan*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he gave", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD", "*bênô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - between him", "*ûbên*": "conjunction + preposition - and between", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*bəhar*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - in mountain of", "*sînay*": "proper noun - Sinai", "*bəyad*-*mōšeh*": "preposition + feminine singular construct + proper noun - by hand of Moses" }, "variants": { "*ḥuqqîm*": "statutes/decrees/ordinances", "*mišpāṭîm*": "judgments/ordinances/legal decisions", "*tôrōt*": "laws/instructions/teachings", "*nātan*": "give/set/put", "*bəyad*": "by hand of/through/by means of" } }
• Deut 28:15-68 : 15 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.15", "source": "וְהָיָ֗ה אִם־לֹ֤א תִשְׁמַע֙ בְּקוֹל֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ לִשְׁמֹ֤ר לַעֲשׂוֹת֙ אֶת־כָּל־מִצְוֺתָ֣יו וְחֻקֹּתָ֔יו אֲשֶׁ֛ר אָנֹכִ֥י מְצַוְּךָ֖ הַיּ֑וֹם וּבָ֧אוּ עָלֶ֛יךָ כָּל־הַקְּלָל֥וֹת הָאֵ֖לֶּה וְהִשִּׂיגֽוּךָ׃", "text": "And *hāyāh* if-not *tišmaʿ* in *qôl* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* to *lišmōr* to *laʿăśôt* *ʾet*-all-*miṣwōtāyw* and *ḥuqqōtāyw* which *ʾānōkî* *mĕṣawwĕkā* the *hayyôm* and they will *bāʾû* upon *ʿālêkā* all-the *qĕlālôt* the *hāʾēlleh* and they will *hiśśîgûkā*.", "grammar": { "*hāyāh*": "perfect, consecutive, Qal, 3rd masculine singular - and it will happen", "*tišmaʿ*": "imperfect, Qal, 2nd masculine singular - you will listen/obey", "*qôl*": "masculine singular construct - voice of", "*YHWH*": "proper name - the LORD", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*lišmōr*": "infinitive construct - to keep", "*laʿăśôt*": "infinitive construct - to do", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*miṣwōtāyw*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his commandments", "*ḥuqqōtāyw*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his statutes", "*ʾānōkî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*mĕṣawwĕkā*": "participle, Piel, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - commanding you", "*hayyôm*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the day/today", "*bāʾû*": "perfect, consecutive, Qal, 3rd plural - and they will come", "*ʿālêkā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - upon you", "*qĕlālôt*": "feminine plural noun with definite article - the curses", "*hāʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative adjective - these", "*hiśśîgûkā*": "perfect, consecutive, Hiphil, 3rd plural with 2nd masculine singular suffix - and they will overtake you" }, "variants": { "*lišmōr laʿăśôt*": "to observe to do/to carefully perform", "*miṣwōtāyw wĕḥuqqōtāyw*": "his commandments and his statutes [complete legal corpus]", "*qĕlālôt*": "curses/maledictions", "*hiśśîgûkā*": "overtake you/reach you/catch up with you" } } 16 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.16", "source": "אָר֥וּר אַתָּ֖ה בָּעִ֑יר וְאָר֥וּר אַתָּ֖ה בַּשָּׂדֶֽה׃", "text": "*ʾĀrûr* *ʾattāh* in the *ʿîr* and *ʾārûr* *ʾattāh* in the *śādeh*.", "grammar": { "*ʾĀrûr*": "passive participle, Qal, masculine singular - cursed", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd masculine singular pronoun - you", "*ʿîr*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the city", "*ʾārûr*": "passive participle, Qal, masculine singular - cursed", "*śādeh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the field" }, "variants": { "*ʾĀrûr*": "cursed/under curse", "*ʿîr*": "city/town", "*śādeh*": "field/open country/land" } } 17 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.17", "source": "אָר֥וּר טַנְאֲךָ֖ וּמִשְׁאַרְתֶּֽךָ׃", "text": "*ʾĀrûr* *ṭanʾăkā* and *mišʾartekā*.", "grammar": { "*ʾĀrûr*": "passive participle, Qal, masculine singular - cursed", "*ṭanʾăkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your basket", "*mišʾartekā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your kneading trough" }, "variants": { "*ṭanʾăkā*": "your basket [for gathering produce]", "*mišʾartekā*": "your kneading trough/bowl [for preparing bread]" } } 18 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.18", "source": "אָר֥וּר פְּרִֽי־בִטְנְךָ֖ וּפְרִ֣י אַדְמָתֶ֑ךָ שְׁגַ֥ר אֲלָפֶ֖יךָ וְעַשְׁתְּר֥וֹת צֹאנֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*ʾārûr* *pərî*-*biṭnəkā* *ûpərî* *ʾadmātekā* *šəgar* *ʾălāpêkā* *wəʿaštərôt* *ṣōʾnekā*", "grammar": { "*ʾārûr*": "passive participle, masculine singular - cursed", "*pərî*": "construct noun, masculine singular - fruit/offspring of", "*biṭnəkā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your womb/belly", "*ûpərî*": "conjunction (wə-) + noun, construct masculine singular - and fruit/offspring of", "*ʾadmātekā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your ground/land", "*šəgar*": "construct noun, masculine singular - offspring/increase of", "*ʾălāpêkā*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your cattle/oxen", "*wəʿaštərôt*": "conjunction (wə-) + noun, feminine plural construct - and young/increase of", "*ṣōʾnekā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your flock/sheep" }, "variants": { "*ʾārûr*": "cursed/under a curse", "*pərî*": "fruit/offspring/produce", "*biṭnəkā*": "your womb/belly/body", "*ʾadmātekā*": "your ground/land/soil", "*šəgar*": "offspring/increase/young ones", "*ʾălāpêkā*": "your cattle/oxen/herds", "*ʿaštərôt*": "young ones/increase/newborn (possibly connected to fertility goddess Astarte)", "*ṣōʾnekā*": "your flock/sheep/small livestock" } } 19 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.19", "source": "אָר֥וּר אַתָּ֖ה בְּבֹאֶ֑ךָ וְאָר֥וּר אַתָּ֖ה בְּצֵאתֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*ʾārûr* *ʾattâ* *bəbōʾekā* *wəʾārûr* *ʾattâ* *bəṣēʾtekā*", "grammar": { "*ʾārûr*": "passive participle, masculine singular - cursed", "*ʾattâ*": "personal pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular - you", "*bəbōʾekā*": "preposition (bə-) + infinitive construct of בוא with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - in your coming in", "*wəʾārûr*": "conjunction (wə-) + passive participle, masculine singular - and cursed", "*bəṣēʾtekā*": "preposition (bə-) + infinitive construct of יצא with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - in your going out" }, "variants": { "*ʾārûr*": "cursed/under a curse", "*bəbōʾekā*": "in your coming in/entering/arriving", "*bəṣēʾtekā*": "in your going out/departing/leaving" } } 20 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.20", "source": "יְשַׁלַּ֣ח יְהוָ֣ה ׀ בְּ֠ךָ אֶת־הַמְּאֵרָ֤ה אֶת־הַמְּהוּמָה֙ וְאֶת־הַמִּגְעֶ֔רֶת בְּכָל־מִשְׁלַ֥ח יָדְךָ֖ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תַּעֲשֶׂ֑ה עַ֣ד הִשָּֽׁמֶדְךָ֤ וְעַד־אֲבָדְךָ֙ מַהֵ֔ר מִפְּנֵ֛י רֹ֥עַ מֽ͏ַעֲלָלֶ֖יךָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר עֲזַבְתָּֽנִי׃", "text": "*yəšallaḥ* *YHWH* *bəkā* *ʾet*-*hamməʾērâ* *ʾet*-*hamməhûmâ* *wəʾet*-*hammigʿeret* *bəkol*-*mišlaḥ* *yādəkā* *ʾăšer* *taʿăśeh* *ʿad* *hiššāmedəkā* *wəʿad*-*ʾăbādəkā* *mahēr* *mippənê* *rōaʿ* *maʿălālêkā* *ʾăšer* *ʿăzabtānî*", "grammar": { "*yəšallaḥ*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will send", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*bəkā*": "preposition (bə-) + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - against you", "*ʾet*-*hamməʾērâ*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun, feminine singular - the curse", "*ʾet*-*hamməhûmâ*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun, feminine singular - the confusion/panic", "*wəʾet*-*hammigʿeret*": "conjunction (wə-) + direct object marker + definite article + noun, feminine singular - the rebuke", "*bəkol*-*mišlaḥ*": "preposition (bə-) + noun, masculine singular construct - in all undertaking/venture of", "*yādəkā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your hand", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*taʿăśeh*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will do", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*hiššāmedəkā*": "niphal infinitive construct of שמד with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your being destroyed", "*wəʿad*-*ʾăbādəkā*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition + qal infinitive construct of אבד with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and until your perishing", "*mahēr*": "adverb - quickly", "*mippənê*": "preposition (min-) + construct noun, masculine plural - from before/because of", "*rōaʿ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - evil of", "*maʿălālêkā*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your deeds/actions", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - by which/because", "*ʿăzabtānî*": "qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - you have forsaken me" }, "variants": { "*yəšallaḥ*": "send/let loose/dispatch", "*hamməʾērâ*": "curse/execration", "*hamməhûmâ*": "confusion/panic/discomfiture", "*hammigʿeret*": "rebuke/reproof/threat", "*mišlaḥ*": "undertaking/venture/putting forth", "*hiššāmedəkā*": "your destruction/extinction/annihilation", "*ʾăbādəkā*": "your perishing/being destroyed", "*mahēr*": "quickly/speedily/hastily", "*rōaʿ*": "evil/wickedness/badness", "*maʿălālêkā*": "your deeds/actions/practices", "*ʿăzabtānî*": "you have forsaken/abandoned/left me" } } 21 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.21", "source": "יַדְבֵּ֧ק יְהוָ֛ה בְּךָ֖ אֶת־הַדָּ֑בֶר עַ֚ד כַּלֹּת֣וֹ אֹֽתְךָ֔ מֵעַל֙ הֽ͏ָאֲדָמָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־אַתָּ֥ה בָא־שָׁ֖מָּה לְרִשְׁתָּֽהּ׃", "text": "*yadbēq* *YHWH* *bəkā* *ʾet*-*haddāber* *ʿad* *kallōtô* *ʾōtəkā* *mēʿal* *hāʾădāmâ* *ʾăšer*-*ʾattâ* *bāʾ*-*šāmmâ* *lərištāh*", "grammar": { "*yadbēq*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will cause to cling", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*bəkā*": "preposition (bə-) + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you", "*ʾet*-*haddāber*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun, masculine singular - the plague/pestilence", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*kallōtô*": "piel infinitive construct of כלה with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his consuming/finishing", "*ʾōtəkā*": "direct object marker with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - you", "*mēʿal*": "preposition (min-) + preposition (ʿal) - from upon", "*hāʾădāmâ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the ground/land", "*ʾăšer*-*ʾattâ*": "relative pronoun + 2nd person masculine singular pronoun - which you", "*bāʾ*-*šāmmâ*": "qal participle, masculine singular + adverb - entering there", "*lərištāh*": "preposition (lə-) + qal infinitive construct of ירשׁ with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - to possess it" }, "variants": { "*yadbēq*": "cause to cling/stick/cleave to", "*haddāber*": "plague/pestilence/disease", "*kallōtô*": "his consuming/completing/annihilating", "*hāʾădāmâ*": "ground/land/earth/soil", "*bāʾ*": "entering/going/coming", "*lərištāh*": "to possess/inherit/occupy it" } } 22 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.22", "source": "יַכְּכָ֣ה יְ֠הוָה בַּשַּׁחֶ֨פֶת וּבַקַּדַּ֜חַת וּבַדַּלֶּ֗קֶת וּבַֽחַרְחֻר֙ וּבַחֶ֔רֶב וּבַשִּׁדָּפ֖וֹן וּבַיֵּרָק֑וֹן וּרְדָפ֖וּךָ עַ֥ד אָבְדֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*yakkəkâ* *YHWH* *baššaḥepet* *ûbaqqaddaḥat* *ûbaddalleket* *ûbaḥarḥur* *ûbaḥereb* *ûbaššiddāpôn* *ûbayyērāqôn* *ûrədāpûkā* *ʿad* *ʾobdekā*", "grammar": { "*yakkəkâ*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - he will strike you", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*baššaḥepet*": "preposition (bə-) + definite article + noun, feminine singular - with consumption/wasting disease", "*ûbaqqaddaḥat*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (bə-) + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and with fever", "*ûbaddalleket*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (bə-) + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and with inflammation", "*ûbaḥarḥur*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (bə-) + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and with extreme burning", "*ûbaḥereb*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (bə-) + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and with sword", "*ûbaššiddāpôn*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (bə-) + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and with blight", "*ûbayyērāqôn*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (bə-) + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and with mildew", "*ûrədāpûkā*": "conjunction (wə-) + qal perfect, 3rd person plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and they will pursue you", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*ʾobdekā*": "qal infinitive construct of אבד with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your perishing" }, "variants": { "*yakkəkâ*": "strike/smite/hit you", "*baššaḥepet*": "consumption/tuberculosis/wasting disease", "*baqqaddaḥat*": "fever/burning ague", "*baddalleket*": "inflammation/severe fever", "*baḥarḥur*": "extreme burning/severe heat/fever", "*baḥereb*": "sword/drought/war", "*baššiddāpôn*": "blight/scorching of grain", "*bayyērāqôn*": "mildew/paleness/jaundice", "*ûrədāpûkā*": "they will pursue/follow/chase you", "*ʾobdekā*": "your perishing/destruction" } } 23 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.23", "source": "וְהָי֥וּ שָׁמֶ֛יךָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר עַל־רֹאשְׁךָ֖ נְחֹ֑שֶׁת וְהָאָ֥רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־תַּחְתֶּ֖יךָ בַּרְזֶֽל׃", "text": "*wəhāyû* *šāmêkā* *ʾăšer* *ʿal*-*rōʾšəkā* *nəḥōšet* *wəhāʾāreṣ* *ʾăšer*-*taḥtêkā* *barzel*", "grammar": { "*wəhāyû*": "conjunction (wə-) + qal perfect, 3rd person plural - and they will be", "*šāmêkā*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your heavens/skies", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*ʿal*-*rōʾšəkā*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - over your head", "*nəḥōšet*": "noun, feminine singular - bronze/copper", "*wəhāʾāreṣ*": "conjunction (wə-) + definite article + noun, feminine singular - and the earth/land", "*ʾăšer*-*taḥtêkā*": "relative pronoun + preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - which is beneath you", "*barzel*": "noun, masculine singular - iron" }, "variants": { "*šāmêkā*": "your heavens/skies", "*rōʾšəkā*": "your head", "*nəḥōšet*": "bronze/copper/brass", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground", "*taḥtêkā*": "beneath/under you", "*barzel*": "iron" } } 24 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.24", "source": "יִתֵּ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־מְטַ֥ר אַרְצְךָ֖ אָבָ֣ק וְעָפָ֑ר מִן־הַשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ יֵרֵ֣ד עָלֶ֔יךָ עַ֖ד הִשָּׁמְדָֽךְ׃", "text": "*yittēn* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*məṭar* *ʾarṣəkā* *ʾābāq* *wəʿāpār* *min*-*haššāmayim* *yērēd* *ʿālêkā* *ʿad* *hiššāmədāk*", "grammar": { "*yittēn*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will give/make", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*ʾet*-*məṭar*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular construct - the rain of", "*ʾarṣəkā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your land", "*ʾābāq*": "noun, masculine singular - dust/powder", "*wəʿāpār*": "conjunction (wə-) + noun, masculine singular - and dirt/dust", "*min*-*haššāmayim*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine plural - from the heavens", "*yērēd*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will come down", "*ʿālêkā*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - upon you", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*hiššāmədāk*": "niphal infinitive construct of שמד with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your being destroyed" }, "variants": { "*yittēn*": "give/make/transform", "*məṭar*": "rain/rainfall", "*ʾarṣəkā*": "your land/country/territory", "*ʾābāq*": "dust/powder/fine particles", "*ʿāpār*": "dirt/dust/soil/earth", "*haššāmayim*": "the heavens/sky", "*yērēd*": "come down/descend/fall", "*hiššāmədāk*": "your destruction/annihilation" } } 25 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.25", "source": "יִתֶּנְךָ֨ יְהוָ֥ה ׀ נִגָּף֮ לִפְנֵ֣י אֹיְבֶיךָ֒ בְּדֶ֤רֶךְ אֶחָד֙ תֵּצֵ֣א אֵלָ֔יו וּבְשִׁבְעָ֥ה דְרָכִ֖ים תָּנ֣וּס לְפָנָ֑יו וְהָיִ֣יתָ לְזַעֲוָ֔ה לְכֹ֖ל מַמְלְכ֥וֹת הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "*yittenəkā* *YHWH* *niggāp* *lipnê* *ʾōyəbêkā* *bəderek* *ʾeḥād* *tēṣēʾ* *ʾēlāyw* *ûbəšibʿâ* *dərākîm* *tānûs* *ləpānāyw* *wəhāyîtā* *ləzaʿăwâ* *ləkōl* *mamlēkôt* *hāʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*yittenəkā*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - he will give you", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*niggāp*": "niphal participle, masculine singular - defeated/smitten", "*lipnê*": "preposition (lə-) + construct noun, masculine plural - before/in front of", "*ʾōyəbêkā*": "qal participle, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your enemies", "*bəderek*": "preposition (bə-) + noun, feminine singular construct - by way/road", "*ʾeḥād*": "numeral, masculine singular - one", "*tēṣēʾ*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will go out", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to him/it", "*ûbəšibʿâ*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (bə-) + numeral, feminine singular - and by seven", "*dərākîm*": "noun, feminine plural - ways/roads", "*tānûs*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will flee", "*ləpānāyw*": "preposition (lə-) + noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - before him/it", "*wəhāyîtā*": "conjunction (wə-) + qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you will be", "*ləzaʿăwâ*": "preposition (lə-) + noun, feminine singular - an object of horror", "*ləkōl*": "preposition (lə-) + noun, masculine singular construct - to all", "*mamlēkôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - kingdoms of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the earth/land" }, "variants": { "*yittenəkā*": "give you/deliver you/make you", "*niggāp*": "defeated/struck down/smitten", "*ʾōyəbêkā*": "your enemies/foes/adversaries", "*derek*": "way/road/path/journey", "*tēṣēʾ*": "go out/march out/proceed", "*tānûs*": "flee/run away/escape", "*zaʿăwâ*": "horror/terror/object of trembling", "*mamlēkôt*": "kingdoms/dominions/realms", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "the earth/land/world" } } 26 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.26", "source": "וְהָיְתָ֤ה נִבְלָֽתְךָ֙ לְמַאֲכָ֔ל לְכָל־ע֥וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם וּלְבֶהֱמַ֣ת הָאָ֑רֶץ וְאֵ֖ין מַחֲרִֽיד׃", "text": "*wəhāyətâ* *niblātəkā* *ləmaʾăkāl* *ləkol*-*ʿôp* *haššāmayim* *ûləbehemat* *hāʾāreṣ* *wəʾên* *maḥărîd*", "grammar": { "*wəhāyətâ*": "conjunction (wə-) + qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - and it will be", "*niblātəkā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your carcass", "*ləmaʾăkāl*": "preposition (lə-) + noun, masculine singular - for food", "*ləkol*-*ʿôp*": "preposition (lə-) + noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine singular - for all birds of", "*haššāmayim*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the heavens", "*ûləbehemat*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (lə-) + noun, feminine singular construct - and for beasts of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the earth/land", "*wəʾên*": "conjunction (wə-) + particle of negation - and there is no", "*maḥărîd*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - one causing to tremble/frightening away" }, "variants": { "*niblātəkā*": "your carcass/corpse/dead body", "*maʾăkāl*": "food/consumption", "*ʿôp*": "birds/fowl/flying creatures", "*haššāmayim*": "the heavens/sky", "*behemat*": "beasts/animals/livestock of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "the earth/land", "*maḥărîd*": "one frightening away/causing to tremble/driving away" } } 27 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.27", "source": "יַכְּכָ֨ה יְהוָ֜ה בִּשְׁחִ֤ין מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ *ובעפלים **וּבַטְּחֹרִ֔ים וּבַגָּרָ֖ב וּבֶחָ֑רֶס אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־תוּכַ֖ל לְהֵרָפֵֽא׃", "text": "*yakkəkâ* *YHWH* *bišḥîn* *miṣrayim* *ûbaʿăpālîm/ûbaṭṭəḥōrîm* *ûbaggārāb* *ûbeḥāres* *ʾăšer* *lōʾ*-*tûkal* *ləhērāpēʾ*", "grammar": { "*yakkəkâ*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - he will strike you", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*bišḥîn*": "preposition (bə-) + noun, masculine singular construct - with boil of", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*ûbaʿăpālîm/ûbaṭṭəḥōrîm*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (bə-) + definite article + noun, masculine plural - and with tumors/hemorrhoids", "*ûbaggārāb*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (bə-) + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and with scab/itch", "*ûbeḥāres*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (bə-) + definite article + noun, masculine singular - and with itch/dry scab", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*lōʾ*-*tûkal*": "negative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will not be able", "*ləhērāpēʾ*": "preposition (lə-) + niphal infinitive construct - to be healed" }, "variants": { "*yakkəkâ*": "strike/smite/hit you", "*šḥîn*": "boil/eruption/inflammation", "*miṣrayim*": "Egypt/Egyptians", "*ʿăpālîm/ṭəḥōrîm*": "tumors/hemorrhoids/swellings (the text contains both forms - ʿăpālîm as Kethib and ṭəḥōrîm as Qere)", "*gārāb*": "scab/itch/skin disease", "*ḥāres*": "itch/dry scab/skin eruption", "*tûkal*": "be able/succeed/prevail", "*ləhērāpēʾ*": "to be healed/cured/restored" } } 28 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.28", "source": "יַכְּכָ֣ה יְהוָ֔ה בְּשִׁגָּע֖וֹן וּבְעִוָּר֑וֹן וּבְתִמְה֖וֹן לֵבָֽב׃", "text": "*yakkəkâ* *YHWH* *bəšiggāʿôn* *ûbəʿiwwārôn* *ûbətimhôn* *lēbāb*", "grammar": { "*yakkəkâ*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - he will strike you", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - Yahweh/LORD", "*bəšiggāʿôn*": "preposition (bə-) + noun, masculine singular - with madness", "*ûbəʿiwwārôn*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (bə-) + noun, masculine singular - and with blindness", "*ûbətimhôn*": "conjunction (wə-) + preposition (bə-) + noun, masculine singular construct - and with confusion of", "*lēbāb*": "noun, masculine singular - heart/mind" }, "variants": { "*yakkəkâ*": "strike/smite/hit you", "*šiggāʿôn*": "madness/insanity", "*ʿiwwārôn*": "blindness", "*timhôn*": "confusion/bewilderment/mental disorientation", "*lēbāb*": "heart/mind/inner being" } } 29 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.29", "source": "וְהָיִ֜יתָ מְמַשֵּׁ֣שׁ בַּֽצָהֳרַ֗יִם כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר יְמַשֵּׁ֤שׁ הַעִוֵּר֙ בָּאֲפֵלָ֔ה וְלֹ֥א תַצְלִ֖יחַ אֶת־דְּרָכֶ֑יךָ וְהָיִ֜יתָ אַ֣ךְ עָשׁ֧וּק וְגָז֛וּל כָּל־הַיָּמִ֖ים וְאֵ֥ין מוֹשִֽׁיעַ׃", "text": "*wəhāyîtā* *məmaššēš* *baṣṣohŏrayim* *kaʾăšer* *yəmaššēš* *haʿiwwēr* *bāʾăpēlâ* *wəlōʾ* *taṣlîaḥ* *ʾet*-*dərākêkā* *wəhāyîtā* *ʾak* *ʿāšûq* *wəgāzûl* *kol*-*hayyāmîm* *wəʾên* *môšîaʿ*", "grammar": { "*wəhāyîtā*": "conjunction (wə-) + qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you will be", "*məmaššēš*": "piel participle, masculine singular - groping/feeling about", "*baṣṣohŏrayim*": "preposition (bə-) + definite article + noun, masculine dual - at noon/midday", "*kaʾăšer*": "preposition (kə-) + relative pronoun - as/like", "*yəmaššēš*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he gropes", "*haʿiwwēr*": "definite article + adjective, masculine singular - the blind person", "*bāʾăpēlâ*": "preposition (bə-) + definite article + noun, feminine singular - in the darkness", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction (wə-) + negative particle - and not", "*taṣlîaḥ*": "hiphil imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will succeed/prosper", "*ʾet*-*dərākêkā*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your ways/paths", "*wəhāyîtā*": "conjunction (wə-) + qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you will be", "*ʾak*": "adverb - only/surely", "*ʿāšûq*": "qal passive participle, masculine singular - oppressed/defrauded", "*wəgāzûl*": "conjunction (wə-) + qal passive participle, masculine singular - and robbed/plundered", "*kol*-*hayyāmîm*": "noun, masculine singular construct + definite article + noun, masculine plural - all the days", "*wəʾên*": "conjunction (wə-) + particle of negation - and there is no", "*môšîaʿ*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - savior/deliverer" }, "variants": { "*məmaššēš*": "groping/feeling around/searching by touch", "*ṣohŏrayim*": "noon/midday/brightest part of day", "*yəmaššēš*": "gropes/feels around/searches by touch", "*ʿiwwēr*": "blind person", "*ʾăpēlâ*": "darkness/thick darkness", "*taṣlîaḥ*": "succeed/prosper/make progress", "*dərākêkā*": "your ways/paths/roads", "*ʾak*": "only/surely/indeed", "*ʿāšûq*": "oppressed/defrauded/exploited", "*gāzûl*": "robbed/plundered/despoiled", "*hayyāmîm*": "the days/time", "*môšîaʿ*": "savior/deliverer/rescuer" } } 30 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.30", "source": "אִשָּׁ֣ה תְאָרֵ֗שׂ וְאִ֤ישׁ אַחֵר֙ *ישגלנה **יִשְׁכָּבֶ֔נָּה בַּ֥יִת תִּבְנֶ֖ה וְלֹא־תֵשֵׁ֣ב בּ֑וֹ כֶּ֥רֶם תִּטַּ֖ע וְלֹ֥א תְחַלְּלֶּֽנּוּ׃", "text": "*ʾiššâ* *təʾārēś* *wəʾîš* *ʾaḥēr* *yišgālennâ/yiškābennâ* *bayit* *tibneh* *wəlōʾ*-*tēšēb* *bô* *kerem* *tiṭṭaʿ* *wəlōʾ* *təḥallĕlennû*", "grammar": { "*ʾiššâ*": "noun, feminine singular - woman/wife", "*təʾārēś*": "piel imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will betroth", "*wəʾîš*": "conjunction (wə-) + noun, masculine singular - and a man", "*ʾaḥēr*": "adjective, masculine singular - another", "*yišgālennâ/yiškābennâ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - he will violate/lie with her", "*bayit*": "noun, masculine singular - house", "*tibneh*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will build", "*wəlōʾ*-*tēšēb*": "conjunction (wə-) + negative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you will not dwell", "*bô*": "preposition (bə-) + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in it", "*kerem*": "noun, masculine singular - vineyard", "*tiṭṭaʿ*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will plant", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction (wə-) + negative particle - and not", "*təḥallĕlennû*": "piel imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - you will use its fruit" }, "variants": { "*ʾiššâ*": "woman/wife", "*təʾārēś*": "betroth/engage", "*ʾîš*": "man/husband", "*ʾaḥēr*": "another/different/strange", "*yišgālennâ/yiškābennâ*": "violate her/ravish her/lie with her (the text contains both forms - yišgālennâ as Kethib and yiškābennâ as Qere)", "*bayit*": "house/home/dwelling", "*tibneh*": "build/construct", "*tēšēb*": "dwell/live/inhabit", "*kerem*": "vineyard", "*tiṭṭaʿ*": "plant/establish", "*təḥallĕlennû*": "use its fruit/begin to use/enjoy its harvest" } } 31 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.31", "source": "שׁוֹרְךָ֞ טָב֣וּחַ לְעֵינֶ֗יךָ וְלֹ֣א תֹאכַל֮ מִמֶּנּוּ֒ חֲמֹֽרְךָ֙ גָּז֣וּל מִלְּפָנֶ֔יךָ וְלֹ֥א יָשׁ֖וּב לָ֑ךְ צֹֽאנְךָ֙ נְתֻנ֣וֹת לְאֹיְבֶ֔יךָ וְאֵ֥ין לְךָ֖ מוֹשִֽׁיעַ׃", "text": "*šôrəkā* *ṭābûaḥ* *ləʿênêkā* *wəlōʾ* *tōʾkal* *mimmennû* *ḥămōrəkā* *gāzûl* *millĕpānêkā* *wəlōʾ* *yāšûb* *lāk* *ṣōʾnəkā* *nətunôt* *ləʾōyəbêkā* *wəʾên* *ləkā* *môšîaʿ*", "grammar": { "*šôrəkā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your ox", "*ṭābûaḥ*": "qal passive participle, masculine singular - slaughtered", "*ləʿênêkā*": "preposition (lə-) + noun, feminine dual with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - before your eyes", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction (wə-) + negative particle - and not", "*tōʾkal*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will eat", "*mimmennû*": "preposition (min-) + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - from it", "*ḥămōrəkā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your donkey", "*gāzûl*": "qal passive participle, masculine singular - stolen/taken by force", "*millĕpānêkā*": "preposition (min-) + preposition (lə-) + noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - from before you", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction (wə-) + negative particle - and not", "*yāšûb*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will return", "*lāk*": "preposition (lə-) + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you", "*ṣōʾnəkā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your flock", "*nətunôt*": "qal passive participle, feminine plural - given", "*ləʾōyəbêkā*": "preposition (lə-) + qal participle, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to your enemies", "*wəʾên*": "conjunction (wə-) + particle of negation - and there is no", "*ləkā*": "preposition (lə-) + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - for you", "*môšîaʿ*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular - savior/deliverer" }, "variants": { "*šôrəkā*": "your ox/bull", "*ṭābûaḥ*": "slaughtered/butchered", "*ʿênêkā*": "your eyes", "*tōʾkal*": "eat/consume", "*ḥămōrəkā*": "your donkey/ass", "*gāzûl*": "stolen/seized/taken by force", "*millĕpānêkā*": "from before you/from your presence", "*yāšûb*": "return/come back", "*ṣōʾnəkā*": "your flock/sheep", "*nətunôt*": "given/handed over", "*ʾōyəbêkā*": "your enemies/foes", "*môšîaʿ*": "savior/deliverer/rescuer" } } 32 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.32", "source": "בָּנֶ֨יךָ וּבְנֹתֶ֜יךָ נְתֻנִ֨ים לְעַ֤ם אַחֵר֙ וְעֵינֶ֣יךָ רֹא֔וֹת וְכָל֥וֹת אֲלֵיהֶ֖ם כָּל־הַיּ֑וֹם וְאֵ֥ין לְאֵ֖ל יָדֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*bānêkā* *ûbənōtêkā* *nətunîm* *ləʿam* *ʾaḥēr* *wəʿênêkā* *rōʾôt* *wəkālôt* *ʾălêhem* *kol*-*hayyôm* *wəʾên* *ləʾēl* *yādekā*", "grammar": { "*bānêkā*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your sons", "*ûbənōtêkā*": "conjunction (wə-) + noun, feminine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and your daughters", "*nətunîm*": "qal passive participle, masculine plural - given", "*ləʿam*": "preposition (lə-) + noun, masculine singular - to a people", "*ʾaḥēr*": "adjective, masculine singular - another", "*wəʿênêkā*": "conjunction (wə-) + noun, feminine dual with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and your eyes", "*rōʾôt*": "qal active participle, feminine plural - seeing", "*wəkālôt*": "conjunction (wə-) + qal active participle, feminine plural - and failing/longing", "*ʾălêhem*": "preposition (ʾel-) + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - for them", "*kol*-*hayyôm*": "noun, masculine singular construct + definite article + noun, masculine singular - all the day", "*wəʾên*": "conjunction (wə-) + particle of negation - and there is no", "*ləʾēl*": "preposition (lə-) + noun, masculine singular - power/strength", "*yādekā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your hand" }, "variants": { "*bānêkā*": "your sons/children", "*bənōtêkā*": "your daughters", "*nətunîm*": "given/handed over", "*ʿam*": "people/nation", "*ʾaḥēr*": "another/different/foreign", "*ʿênêkā*": "your eyes", "*rōʾôt*": "seeing/looking/watching", "*kālôt*": "failing/longing/pining", "*hayyôm*": "the day/daily", "*ləʾēl*": "power/strength/might", "*yādekā*": "your hand/ability/power" } } 33 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.33", "source": "פְּרִ֤י אַדְמָֽתְךָ֙ וְכָל־יְגִ֣יעֲךָ֔ יֹאכַ֥ל עַ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹא־יָדָ֑עְתָּ וְהָיִ֗יתָ רַ֛ק עָשׁ֥וּק וְרָצ֖וּץ כָּל־הַיָּמִֽים׃", "text": "*pərî* *ʾadmātəkā* *wəkol*-*yəgîʿăkā* *yōʾkal* *ʿam* *ʾăšer* *lōʾ*-*yādāʿtā* *wəhāyîtā* *raq* *ʿāšûq* *wərāṣûṣ* *kol*-*hayyāmîm*", "grammar": { "*pərî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fruit/produce of", "*ʾadmātəkā*": "noun, feminine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your ground/land", "*wəkol*-*yəgîʿăkā*": "conjunction (wə-) + noun, masculine singular construct + noun, masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and all your labor", "*yōʾkal*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will eat/consume", "*ʿam*": "noun, masculine singular - people/nation", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - whom", "*lōʾ*-*yādāʿtā*": "negative particle + qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you have not known", "*wəhāyîtā*": "conjunction (wə-) + qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you will be", "*raq*": "adverb - only", "*ʿāšûq*": "qal passive participle, masculine singular - oppressed", "*wərāṣûṣ*": "conjunction (wə-) + qal passive participle, masculine singular - and crushed", "*kol*-*hayyāmîm*": "noun, masculine singular construct + definite article + noun, masculine plural - all the days" }, "variants": { "*pərî*": "fruit/produce/yield", "*ʾadmātəkā*": "your ground/land/soil", "*yəgîʿăkā*": "your labor/toil/effort", "*yōʾkal*": "eat/consume/devour", "*ʿam*": "people/nation", "*yādāʿtā*": "known/familiar with/experienced", "*raq*": "only/just/merely", "*ʿāšûq*": "oppressed/exploited/defrauded", "*rāṣûṣ*": "crushed/broken/shattered", "*hayyāmîm*": "the days/time" } } 34 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.34", "source": "וְהָיִ֖יתָ מְשֻׁגָּ֑ע מִמַּרְאֵ֥ה עֵינֶ֖יךָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר תִּרְאֶֽה׃", "text": "*wəhāyîtā* *məšuggāʿ* *mimmarʾēh* *ʿênêkā* *ʾăšer* *tirʾeh*", "grammar": { "*wəhāyîtā*": "conjunction (wə-) + qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you will be", "*məšuggāʿ*": "pual participle, masculine singular - driven mad/insane", "*mimmarʾēh*": "preposition (min-) + noun, masculine singular construct - from sight of", "*ʿênêkā*": "noun, feminine dual with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your eyes", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*tirʾeh*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will see" }, "variants": { "*wəhāyîtā*": "and you will be/become", "*məšuggāʿ*": "driven mad/insane/crazed", "*marʾēh*": "sight/vision/appearance", "*ʿênêkā*": "your eyes", "*tirʾeh*": "see/observe/witness" } } 35 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.35", "source": "יַכְּכָ֨ה יְהוָ֜ה בִּשְׁחִ֣ין רָ֗ע עַל־הַבִּרְכַּ֙יִם֙ וְעַל־הַשֹּׁקַ֔יִם אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־תוּכַ֖ל לְהֵרָפֵ֑א מִכַּ֥ף רַגְלְךָ֖ וְעַ֥ד קָדְקֳדֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*Yakkəkā* *YHWH* with-*šəḥîn* *rāʿ* on-the-*birkayim* *wə*-on-the-*šōqayim* which not-*tûkal* to-*hērāpēʾ* from-*kap* *raglə̄kā* *wə*-unto *qodqodekā*.", "grammar": { "*Yakkəkā*": "imperfect Hiphil 3rd masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'he will strike you'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - subject", "*šəḥîn*": "masculine singular noun - 'boil/inflammation/eruption'", "*rāʿ*": "masculine singular adjective - 'evil/grievous/malignant'", "*birkayim*": "feminine dual noun with definite article - 'knees'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*šōqayim*": "feminine dual noun with definite article - 'legs'", "*tûkal*": "imperfect Qal 2nd masculine singular - 'you will be able'", "*hērāpēʾ*": "Niphal infinitive construct - 'to be healed'", "*kap*": "construct state of masculine singular noun - 'palm/sole'", "*raglə̄kā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your foot'", "*qodqodekā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your crown/head/scalp'" }, "variants": { "*šəḥîn*": "boil/eruption/inflammation/disease", "*rāʿ*": "evil/grievous/malignant/painful", "*hērāpēʾ*": "to be healed/cured/made whole", "*kap raglə̄kā*": "sole of your foot" } } 36 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.36", "source": "יוֹלֵ֨ךְ יְהוָ֜ה אֹֽתְךָ֗ וְאֶֽת־מַלְכְּךָ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תָּקִ֣ים עָלֶ֔יךָ אֶל־גּ֕וֹי אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־יָדַ֖עְתָּ אַתָּ֣ה וַאֲבֹתֶ֑יךָ וְעָבַ֥דְתָּ שָּׁ֛ם אֱלֹהִ֥ים אֲחֵרִ֖ים עֵ֥ץ וָאָֽבֶן׃", "text": "*Yōlēk* *YHWH* *ʾōtəkā* *wə*-*ʾet*-*malkəkā* which *tāqîm* upon-*ʿāleykā* unto-*gôy* which not-*yādaʿtā* *ʾattāh* *wa*-*ʾăbōteykā* *wə*-*ʿābadtā* there *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* *ʿēṣ* *wā*-*ʾāben*.", "grammar": { "*Yōlēk*": "imperfect Hiphil 3rd masculine singular - 'he will cause to go/lead'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - subject", "*ʾōtəkā*": "direct object marker with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'you'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*malkəkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your king'", "*tāqîm*": "imperfect Hiphil 2nd masculine singular - 'you will set up/establish'", "*ʿāleykā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'over you'", "*gôy*": "masculine singular noun - 'nation'", "*yādaʿtā*": "perfect Qal 2nd masculine singular - 'you knew'", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd masculine singular independent pronoun - 'you'", "*wa*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ʾăbōteykā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your fathers'", "*ʿābadtā*": "perfect Qal 2nd masculine singular with waw consecutive (functions as future) - 'you will serve'", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'gods'", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "masculine plural adjective - 'other'", "*ʿēṣ*": "masculine singular noun - 'wood'", "*wā*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ʾāben*": "feminine singular noun - 'stone'" }, "variants": { "*Yōlēk*": "lead/cause to go/drive/carry away", "*gôy*": "nation/people/gentiles", "*ʿābadtā*": "serve/worship/be enslaved to", "*ʾĕlōhîm ʾăḥērîm*": "other gods/foreign deities", "*ʿēṣ wā-ʾāben*": "wood and stone/idols made of wood and stone" } } 37 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.37", "source": "וְהָיִ֣יתָ לְשַׁמָּ֔ה לְמָשָׁ֖ל וְלִשְׁנִינָ֑ה בְּכֹל֙ הָֽעַמִּ֔ים אֲשֶׁר־יְנַהֶגְךָ֥ יְהוָ֖ה שָֽׁמָּה׃", "text": "*Wə*-*hāyîtā* for-*šammāh* for-*māšāl* *wə*-for-*šənînāh* among-all the-*ʿammîm* which-*yənahegəkā* *YHWH* there.", "grammar": { "*Wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*hāyîtā*": "perfect Qal 2nd masculine singular with waw consecutive (functions as future) - 'you will become'", "*šammāh*": "feminine singular noun - 'horror/astonishment/desolation'", "*māšāl*": "masculine singular noun - 'proverb/byword'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*šənînāh*": "feminine singular noun - 'taunt/byword'", "*ʿammîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - 'peoples'", "*yənahegəkā*": "imperfect Piel 3rd masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'he will drive/lead you'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - subject", "*šāmmāh*": "adverb - 'there/thither'" }, "variants": { "*šammāh*": "horror/astonishment/desolation/object of horror", "*māšāl*": "proverb/byword/parable/object of ridicule", "*šənînāh*": "taunt/byword/object of scorn", "*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations", "*yənahegəkā*": "drive/lead/conduct/carry away" } } 38 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.38", "source": "זֶ֥רַע רַ֖ב תּוֹצִ֣יא הַשָּׂדֶ֑ה וּמְעַ֣ט תֶּאֱסֹ֔ף כִּ֥י יַחְסְלֶ֖נּוּ הָאַרְבֶּֽה׃", "text": "*Zeraʿ rab* *tôṣîʾ* the-*śādeh* *û*-*məʿaṭ* *teʾĕsōp* because *yaḥsəlennû* the-*ʾarbeh*.", "grammar": { "*Zeraʿ*": "masculine singular noun - 'seed'", "*rab*": "masculine singular adjective - 'much/many'", "*tôṣîʾ*": "imperfect Hiphil 2nd masculine singular - 'you will bring out/carry out'", "*śādeh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'field'", "*û*": "conjunction - 'but/and'", "*məʿaṭ*": "masculine singular adjective - 'little/few'", "*teʾĕsōp*": "imperfect Qal 2nd masculine singular - 'you will gather/harvest'", "*yaḥsəlennû*": "imperfect Qal 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'it will consume it'", "*ʾarbeh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'locust'" }, "variants": { "*Zeraʿ rab*": "much seed/abundant seed", "*tôṣîʾ*": "bring out/carry out to/take out", "*teʾĕsōp*": "gather/collect/harvest", "*yaḥsəlennû*": "consume it/devour it/eat it up", "*ʾarbeh*": "locust/locust swarm" } } 39 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.39", "source": "כְּרָמִ֥ים תִּטַּ֖ע וְעָבָ֑דְתָּ וְיַ֤יִן לֹֽא־תִשְׁתֶּה֙ וְלֹ֣א תֶאֱגֹ֔ר כִּ֥י תֹאכְלֶ֖נּוּ הַתֹּלָֽעַת׃", "text": "*Kərāmîm* *tiṭṭaʿ* *wə*-*ʿābādtā* *wə*-*yayin* not-*tišteh* *wə*-not *teʾĕgōr* because *tōʾkəlennû* the-*tōlāʿat*.", "grammar": { "*Kərāmîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'vineyards'", "*tiṭṭaʿ*": "imperfect Qal 2nd masculine singular - 'you will plant'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ʿābādtā*": "perfect Qal 2nd masculine singular with waw consecutive (functions as future) - 'you will work/tend'", "*yayin*": "masculine singular noun - 'wine'", "*tišteh*": "imperfect Qal 2nd masculine singular - 'you will drink'", "*teʾĕgōr*": "imperfect Qal 2nd masculine singular - 'you will gather/store'", "*tōʾkəlennû*": "imperfect Qal 3rd feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'it will eat it'", "*tōlāʿat*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'worm'" }, "variants": { "*Kərāmîm*": "vineyards", "*tiṭṭaʿ*": "plant/establish", "*ʿābādtā*": "work/cultivate/tend/serve", "*teʾĕgōr*": "gather/store/harvest", "*tōʾkəlennû*": "eat it/consume it/devour it", "*tōlāʿat*": "worm/grub/caterpillar" } } 40 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.40", "source": "זֵיתִ֛ים יִהְי֥וּ לְךָ֖ בְּכָל־גְּבוּלֶ֑ךָ וְשֶׁ֙מֶן֙ לֹ֣א תָס֔וּךְ כִּ֥י יִשַּׁ֖ל זֵיתֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*Zêtîm* *yihyû* to-*ləkā* in-all-*gəbûlekā* *wə*-*šemen* not *tāsûk* because *yiššal* *zêtekā*.", "grammar": { "*Zêtîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'olive trees'", "*yihyû*": "imperfect Qal 3rd masculine plural - 'they will be'", "*ləkā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'to you'", "*gəbûlekā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your territory/border'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'but/and'", "*šemen*": "masculine singular noun - 'oil'", "*tāsûk*": "imperfect Qal 2nd masculine singular - 'you will anoint'", "*yiššal*": "imperfect Qal 3rd masculine singular - 'it will drop off/fall off'", "*zêtekā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your olive'" }, "variants": { "*Zêtîm*": "olive trees", "*gəbûlekā*": "your territory/border/region", "*tāsûk*": "anoint/rub/apply oil", "*yiššal*": "drop off/fall off/cast fruit prematurely", "*zêtekā*": "your olive/your olive tree" } } 41 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.41", "source": "בָּנִ֥ים וּבָנ֖וֹת תּוֹלִ֑יד וְלֹא־יִהְי֣וּ לָ֔ךְ כִּ֥י יֵלְכ֖וּ בַּשֶּֽׁבִי׃", "text": "*Bānîm* *û*-*bānôt* *tôlîd* *wə*-not-*yihyû* to-*lāk* because *yēləkû* in-the-*šebî*.", "grammar": { "*Bānîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'sons'", "*û*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*bānôt*": "feminine plural noun - 'daughters'", "*tôlîd*": "imperfect Hiphil 2nd masculine singular - 'you will beget'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'but/and'", "*yihyû*": "imperfect Qal 3rd masculine plural - 'they will be'", "*lāk*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'to you'", "*yēləkû*": "imperfect Qal 3rd masculine plural - 'they will go'", "*šebî*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'captivity'" }, "variants": { "*Bānîm*": "sons/children/descendants", "*bānôt*": "daughters", "*tôlîd*": "beget/bring forth/bear", "*yēləkû*": "go/walk/depart", "*šebî*": "captivity/exile" } } 42 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.42", "source": "כָּל־עֵצְךָ֖ וּפְרִ֣י אַדְמָתֶ֑ךָ יְיָרֵ֖שׁ הַצְּלָצַֽל׃", "text": "All-*ʿēṣəkā* *û*-*pərî* *ʾadmātekā* *yəyārēš* the-*ṣəlāṣal*.", "grammar": { "*ʿēṣəkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your tree'", "*û*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*pərî*": "masculine singular construct - 'fruit of'", "*ʾadmātekā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your ground'", "*yəyārēš*": "imperfect Piel 3rd masculine singular - 'it will possess/take possession of'", "*ṣəlāṣal*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'buzzing insect/cricket/locust'" }, "variants": { "*ʿēṣəkā*": "your tree/your timber", "*pərî*": "fruit/produce", "*ʾadmātekā*": "your ground/land/soil", "*yəyārēš*": "take possession of/dispossess/inherit", "*ṣəlāṣal*": "buzzing insect/cricket/locust/whirring pest" } } 43 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.43", "source": "הַגֵּר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּקִרְבְּךָ֔ יַעֲלֶ֥ה עָלֶ֖יךָ מַ֣עְלָה מָּ֑עְלָה וְאַתָּ֥ה תֵרֵ֖ד מַ֥טָּה מָּֽטָּה׃", "text": "The-*gēr* which in-*qirbəkā* *yaʿăleh* above-*ʿāleykā* *maʿəlāh* *māʿəlāh* *wə*-*ʾattāh* *tērēd* *maṭṭāh* *māṭṭāh*.", "grammar": { "*gēr*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'sojourner/foreigner'", "*qirbəkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your midst'", "*yaʿăleh*": "imperfect Qal 3rd masculine singular - 'he will go up'", "*ʿāleykā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'above you'", "*maʿəlāh*": "adverb - 'upward'", "*māʿəlāh*": "repetition for emphasis - 'higher and higher'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd masculine singular independent pronoun - 'you'", "*tērēd*": "imperfect Qal 2nd masculine singular - 'you will go down'", "*maṭṭāh*": "adverb - 'downward'", "*māṭṭāh*": "repetition for emphasis - 'lower and lower'" }, "variants": { "*gēr*": "sojourner/foreigner/resident alien", "*qirbəkā*": "your midst/among you", "*yaʿăleh*": "go up/ascend/rise", "*maʿəlāh māʿəlāh*": "higher and higher/upward upward/exceedingly high", "*tērēd*": "go down/descend/decline", "*maṭṭāh māṭṭāh*": "lower and lower/downward downward/exceedingly low" } } 44 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.44", "source": "ה֣וּא יַלְוְךָ֔ וְאַתָּ֖ה לֹ֣א תַלְוֶ֑נּוּ ה֚וּא יִהְיֶ֣ה לְרֹ֔אשׁ וְאַתָּ֖ה תִּֽהְיֶ֥ה לְזָנָֽב׃", "text": "*Hûʾ* *yalwəkā* *wə*-*ʾattāh* not *talwennû* *hûʾ* *yihyeh* for-*rōʾš* *wə*-*ʾattāh* *tihyeh* for-*zānāb*.", "grammar": { "*Hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular independent pronoun - 'he'", "*yalwəkā*": "imperfect Hiphil 3rd masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'he will lend to you'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd masculine singular independent pronoun - 'you'", "*talwennû*": "imperfect Hiphil 2nd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'you will lend to him'", "*yihyeh*": "imperfect Qal 3rd masculine singular - 'he will be'", "*rōʾš*": "masculine singular noun - 'head'", "*tihyeh*": "imperfect Qal 2nd masculine singular - 'you will be'", "*zānāb*": "masculine singular noun - 'tail'" }, "variants": { "*yalwəkā*": "lend to you/be your creditor", "*talwennû*": "lend to him/be his creditor", "*rōʾš*": "head/chief/leader", "*zānāb*": "tail/rear/subordinate position" } } 45 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.45", "source": "וּבָ֨אוּ עָלֶ֜יךָ כָּל־הַקְּלָל֣וֹת הָאֵ֗לֶּה וּרְדָפ֙וּךָ֙ וְהִשִּׂיג֔וּךָ עַ֖ד הִשָּֽׁמְדָ֑ךְ כִּי־לֹ֣א שָׁמַ֗עְתָּ בְּקוֹל֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ לִשְׁמֹ֛ר מִצְוֺתָ֥יו וְחֻקֹּתָ֖יו אֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוָּֽךְ׃", "text": "*Û*-*bāʾû* upon-*ʿāleykā* all-the-*qəlālôt* the-*ʾēlleh* *û*-*rədāpûkā* *wə*-*hiśśîgûkā* until *hiššāmədāk* because-not *šāmaʿtā* in-*qôl* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōheykā* to-*šəmōr* *miṣwōtāyw* *wə*-*ḥuqqōtāyw* which *ṣiwwākə*.", "grammar": { "*Û*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*bāʾû*": "perfect Qal 3rd common plural with waw consecutive (functions as future) - 'they will come'", "*ʿāleykā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'upon you'", "*qəlālôt*": "feminine plural noun with definite article - 'curses'", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative adjective - 'these'", "*û*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*rədāpûkā*": "perfect Qal 3rd common plural with waw consecutive with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'they will pursue you'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*hiśśîgûkā*": "perfect Hiphil 3rd common plural with waw consecutive with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'they will overtake you'", "*hiššāmədāk*": "Niphal infinitive construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your destruction'", "*šāmaʿtā*": "perfect Qal 2nd masculine singular - 'you listened'", "*qôl*": "masculine singular construct - 'voice of'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʾĕlōheykā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your God'", "*šəmōr*": "Qal infinitive construct - 'to keep'", "*miṣwōtāyw*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his commandments'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ḥuqqōtāyw*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his statutes'", "*ṣiwwākə*": "perfect Piel 3rd masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'he commanded you'" }, "variants": { "*qəlālôt*": "curses/maledictions", "*rədāpûkā*": "pursue you/chase you/follow after you", "*hiśśîgûkā*": "overtake you/reach you/catch up to you", "*hiššāmədāk*": "your destruction/until you are destroyed", "*šāmaʿtā*": "listened to/obeyed/heeded", "*qôl*": "voice/sound", "*šəmōr*": "keep/observe/guard", "*miṣwōtāyw*": "his commandments/his precepts", "*ḥuqqōtāyw*": "his statutes/his decrees", "*ṣiwwākə*": "commanded you/ordered you" } } 46 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.46", "source": "וְהָי֣וּ בְךָ֔ לְא֖וֹת וּלְמוֹפֵ֑ת וּֽבְזַרְעֲךָ֖ עַד־עוֹלָֽם׃", "text": "*Wə*-*hāyû* in-*bəkā* for-*ʾôt* *û*-for-*môpēt* *û*-in-*zarʿăkā* until-*ʿôlām*.", "grammar": { "*Wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*hāyû*": "perfect Qal 3rd common plural with waw consecutive (functions as future) - 'they will be'", "*bəkā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'in you'", "*ʾôt*": "feminine singular noun - 'sign'", "*û*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*môpēt*": "masculine singular noun - 'wonder/portent'", "*û*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*zarʿăkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your seed/offspring'", "*ʿôlām*": "masculine singular noun - 'eternity/forever'" }, "variants": { "*ʾôt*": "sign/mark/token", "*môpēt*": "wonder/portent/omen/miracle", "*zarʿăkā*": "your seed/your offspring/your descendants", "*ʿôlām*": "forever/everlasting/perpetual" } } 47 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.47", "source": "תַּ֗חַת אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹא־עָבַ֙דְתָּ֙ אֶת־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ בְּשִׂמְחָ֖ה וּבְט֣וּב לֵבָ֑ב מֵרֹ֖ב כֹּֽל׃", "text": "*Taḥat* which not-*ʿābadtā* *ʾet*-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōheykā* in-*śimḥāh* *û*-in-*ṭûb* *lēbāb* from-*rōb* all.", "grammar": { "*Taḥat*": "preposition - 'under/because'", "*ʿābadtā*": "perfect Qal 2nd masculine singular - 'you served'", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ʾĕlōheykā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your God'", "*śimḥāh*": "feminine singular noun - 'joy'", "*û*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ṭûb*": "masculine singular construct - 'goodness of'", "*lēbāb*": "masculine singular noun - 'heart'", "*rōb*": "masculine singular construct - 'abundance of'", "*kōl*": "masculine singular noun - 'all/everything'" }, "variants": { "*Taḥat*": "because/instead of/in place of", "*ʿābadtā*": "served/worshiped/were subject to", "*śimḥāh*": "joy/gladness/pleasure", "*ṭûb lēbāb*": "goodness of heart/gladness of heart/cheerfulness", "*rōb kōl*": "abundance of everything/plenty of all things" } } 48 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.48", "source": "וְעָבַדְתָּ֣ אֶת־אֹיְבֶ֗יךָ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יְשַׁלְּחֶ֤נּוּ יְהוָה֙ בָּ֔ךְ בְּרָעָ֧ב וּבְצָמָ֛א וּבְעֵירֹ֖ם וּבְחֹ֣סֶר כֹּ֑ל וְנָתַ֞ן עֹ֤ל בַּרְזֶל֙ עַל־צַוָּארֶ֔ךָ עַ֥ד הִשְׁמִיד֖וֹ אֹתָֽךְ׃", "text": "*Wə*-*ʿābadtā* *ʾet*-*ʾōyəbeykā* which *yəšalləḥennû* *YHWH* in-*bāk* in-*rāʿāb* *û*-in-*ṣāmāʾ* *û*-in-*ʿêrōm* *û*-in-*ḥōser* all *wə*-*nātan* *ʿōl* *barzel* on-*ṣawwārekā* until *hišmîdô* *ʾōtāk*.", "grammar": { "*Wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ʿābadtā*": "perfect Qal 2nd masculine singular with waw consecutive (functions as future) - 'you will serve'", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʾōyəbeykā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your enemies'", "*yəšalləḥennû*": "imperfect Piel 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'he will send him'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - subject", "*bāk*": "preposition with 2nd feminine singular suffix - 'against you'", "*rāʿāb*": "masculine singular noun - 'hunger'", "*û*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ṣāmāʾ*": "masculine singular noun - 'thirst'", "*ʿêrōm*": "masculine singular noun - 'nakedness'", "*ḥōser*": "masculine singular construct - 'lack of'", "*kōl*": "masculine singular noun - 'all/everything'", "*nātan*": "perfect Qal 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive (functions as future) - 'he will put'", "*ʿōl*": "masculine singular construct - 'yoke of'", "*barzel*": "masculine singular noun - 'iron'", "*ṣawwārekā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your neck'", "*hišmîdô*": "Hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his destroying'", "*ʾōtāk*": "direct object marker with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'you'" }, "variants": { "*ʿābadtā*": "serve/be enslaved to/work for", "*ʾōyəbeykā*": "your enemies/your foes", "*yəšalləḥennû*": "he will send/dispatch/let loose", "*rāʿāb*": "hunger/famine", "*ṣāmāʾ*": "thirst", "*ʿêrōm*": "nakedness/being without clothing", "*ḥōser kōl*": "lack of everything/want of all things", "*ʿōl barzel*": "yoke of iron/iron collar", "*hišmîdô*": "his destroying/his annihilating" } } 49 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.49", "source": "יִשָּׂ֣א יְהוָה֩ עָלֶ֨יךָ גּ֤וֹי מֵרָחוֹק֙ מִקְצֵ֣ה הָאָ֔רֶץ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר יִדְאֶ֖ה הַנָּ֑שֶׁר גּ֕וֹי אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־תִשְׁמַ֖ע לְשֹׁנֽוֹ׃", "text": "*Yiśśāʾ* *YHWH* upon-*ʿāleykā* *gôy* from-*mērāḥôq* from-*qəṣēh* the-*ʾāreṣ* as-which *yidʾeh* the-*nāšer* *gôy* which not-*tišmaʿ* *ləšōnô*.", "grammar": { "*Yiśśāʾ*": "imperfect Qal 3rd masculine singular - 'he will lift up/bring'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - subject", "*ʿāleykā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'against you'", "*gôy*": "masculine singular noun - 'nation'", "*mērāḥôq*": "preposition with masculine singular noun - 'from afar'", "*qəṣēh*": "masculine singular construct - 'end of'", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the earth'", "*yidʾeh*": "imperfect Qal 3rd masculine singular - 'it will swoop'", "*nāšer*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the eagle'", "*tišmaʿ*": "imperfect Qal 2nd masculine singular - 'you will understand'", "*ləšōnô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'its tongue/language'" }, "variants": { "*Yiśśāʾ*": "lift up/bring/carry", "*gôy*": "nation/people", "*mērāḥôq*": "from afar/from a distant place", "*qəṣēh ha-ʾāreṣ*": "end of the earth/extremity of the land", "*yidʾeh*": "swoop/fly swiftly", "*nāšer*": "eagle/vulture", "*tišmaʿ ləšōnô*": "understand its language/comprehend its tongue" } } 50 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.50", "source": "גּ֖וֹי עַ֣ז פָּנִ֑ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹא־יִשָּׂ֤א פָנִים֙ לְזָקֵ֔ן וְנַ֖עַר לֹ֥א יָחֹֽן׃", "text": "*Gôy* *ʿaz* *pānîm* which not-*yiśśāʾ* *pānîm* to-*zāqēn* *wə*-*naʿar* not *yāḥōn*.", "grammar": { "*Gôy*": "masculine singular noun - 'nation'", "*ʿaz*": "masculine singular adjective - 'fierce'", "*pānîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'face'", "*yiśśāʾ*": "imperfect Qal 3rd masculine singular - 'he will lift up/show respect'", "*pānîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'face'", "*zāqēn*": "masculine singular noun - 'old man/elder'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*naʿar*": "masculine singular noun - 'young man/youth'", "*yāḥōn*": "imperfect Qal 3rd masculine singular - 'he will show favor'" }, "variants": { "*Gôy ʿaz pānîm*": "fierce-faced nation/nation of fierce countenance", "*yiśśāʾ pānîm*": "show respect/regard/be partial to", "*zāqēn*": "old man/elder", "*naʿar*": "young man/youth/boy", "*yāḥōn*": "show favor/be gracious to/have mercy on" } } 51 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.51", "source": "וְ֠אָכַל פְּרִ֨י בְהֶמְתְּךָ֥ וּפְרִֽי־אַדְמָתְךָ֮ עַ֣ד הִשָּֽׁמְדָךְ֒ אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹֽא־יַשְׁאִ֜יר לְךָ֗ דָּגָן֙ תִּיר֣וֹשׁ וְיִצְהָ֔ר שְׁגַ֥ר אֲלָפֶ֖יךָ וְעַשְׁתְּרֹ֣ת צֹאנֶ֑ךָ עַ֥ד הַאֲבִיד֖וֹ אֹתָֽךְ׃", "text": "*Wə*-*ʾākal* *pərî* *bəhemtəkā* *û*-*pərî*-*ʾadmātəkā* until *hiššāmədāk* which not-*yašʾîr* to-*ləkā* *dāgān* *tîrôš* *wə*-*yiṣhār* *šəgar* *ʾălāpeykā* *wə*-*ʿaštərōt* *ṣōʾnekā* until *haʾăbîdô* *ʾōtāk*.", "grammar": { "*Wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ʾākal*": "perfect Qal 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive (functions as future) - 'it will eat/consume'", "*pərî*": "masculine singular construct - 'fruit of'", "*bəhemtəkā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your beast/cattle'", "*û*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*pərî*": "masculine singular construct - 'fruit of'", "*ʾadmātəkā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your ground'", "*hiššāmədāk*": "Niphal infinitive construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your destruction'", "*yašʾîr*": "imperfect Hiphil 3rd masculine singular - 'it will leave'", "*ləkā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'for you'", "*dāgān*": "masculine singular noun - 'grain'", "*tîrôš*": "masculine singular noun - 'new wine'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*yiṣhār*": "masculine singular noun - 'fresh oil'", "*šəgar*": "masculine singular construct - 'offspring of'", "*ʾălāpeykā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your cattle'", "*wə*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*ʿaštərōt*": "feminine plural construct - 'young ones of'", "*ṣōʾnekā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'your flock'", "*haʾăbîdô*": "Hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'his destroying'", "*ʾōtāk*": "direct object marker with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'you'" }, "variants": { "*ʾākal*": "eat/consume/devour", "*pərî bəhemtəkā*": "fruit of your cattle/produce of your livestock", "*pərî-ʾadmātəkā*": "fruit of your ground/produce of your land", "*hiššāmədāk*": "your destruction/until you are destroyed", "*yašʾîr*": "leave/leave remaining/spare", "*dāgān*": "grain/corn", "*tîrôš*": "new wine/fresh wine", "*yiṣhār*": "fresh oil/olive oil", "*šəgar ʾălāpeykā*": "offspring of your cattle/increase of your herds", "*ʿaštərōt ṣōʾnekā*": "young ones of your flocks/increase of your sheep", "*haʾăbîdô*": "his destroying/his causing to perish" } } 52 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.52", "source": "וְהֵצַ֨ר לְךָ֜ בְּכָל־שְׁעָרֶ֗יךָ עַ֣ד רֶ֤דֶת חֹמֹתֶ֙יךָ֙ הַגְּבֹה֣וֹת וְהַבְּצֻר֔וֹת אֲשֶׁ֥ר אַתָּ֛ה בֹּטֵ֥חַ בָּהֵ֖ן בְּכָל־אַרְצֶ֑ךָ וְהֵצַ֤ר לְךָ֙ בְּכָל־שְׁעָרֶ֔יךָ בְּכָל־אַרְצְךָ֔ אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָתַ֛ן יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ לָֽךְ׃", "text": "And-*hēṣar* to-you in-all-*šĕʿārêkā* until *redet* *ḥōmōtêkā* the-*gĕbōhôt* and-the-*bĕṣurôt* which you *bōṭēaḥ* in-them in-all-*ʾarṣekā*; and-*hēṣar* to-you in-all-*šĕʿārêkā* in-all-*ʾarṣĕkā* which *nātan* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* to-you.", "grammar": { "*hēṣar*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd singular - make narrow/besiege/distress", "*šĕʿārêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your gates/cities", "*redet*": "Qal infinitive construct - coming down/falling", "*ḥōmōtêkā*": "noun feminine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your walls", "*gĕbōhôt*": "adjective feminine plural - high/tall", "*bĕṣurôt*": "adjective feminine plural - fortified/inaccessible", "*bōṭēaḥ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - trusting", "*ʾarṣekā*": "noun feminine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your land", "*nātan*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - give/place/set", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*hēṣar*": "besiege/distress/harass/oppress", "*šĕʿārêkā*": "your gates/your cities/your towns", "*redet*": "coming down/falling/descending", "*ḥōmōtêkā*": "your walls/your fortifications", "*bōṭēaḥ*": "trusting/relying/having confidence" } } 53 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.53", "source": "וְאָכַלְתָּ֣ פְרִֽי־בִטְנְךָ֗ בְּשַׂ֤ר בָּנֶ֙יךָ֙ וּבְנֹתֶ֔יךָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָֽתַן־לְךָ֖ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ בְּמָצוֹר֙ וּבְמָצ֔וֹק אֲשֶׁר־יָצִ֥יק לְךָ֖ אֹיְבֶֽךָ׃", "text": "And-*ʾākaltā* *pĕrî*-*biṭnĕkā*, *bĕśar* *bānêkā* and-*bĕnōtêkā* which *nātan*-to-you *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā*, in-*māṣôr* and-in-*māṣôq* which-*yāṣîq* to-you *ʾōyebêkā*.", "grammar": { "*ʾākaltā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you will eat", "*pĕrî*": "noun masculine singular construct - fruit of", "*biṭnĕkā*": "noun feminine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your belly/womb", "*bĕśar*": "noun masculine singular construct - flesh of", "*bānêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your sons", "*bĕnōtêkā*": "noun feminine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your daughters", "*nātan*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - has given", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God", "*māṣôr*": "noun masculine singular - siege/distress", "*māṣôq*": "noun masculine singular - straits/distress", "*yāṣîq*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will distress/harass", "*ʾōyebêkā*": "Qal participle masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your enemy" }, "variants": { "*pĕrî*-*biṭnĕkā*": "fruit of your womb/offspring/children", "*bĕśar*": "flesh/meat/body", "*māṣôr*": "siege/distress/constraint", "*māṣôq*": "straits/distress/anguish", "*yāṣîq*": "distress/harass/oppress" } } 54 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.54", "source": "הָאִישׁ֙ הָרַ֣ךְ בְּךָ֔ וְהֶעָנֹ֖ג מְאֹ֑ד תֵּרַ֨ע עֵינ֤וֹ בְאָחִיו֙ וּבְאֵ֣שֶׁת חֵיק֔וֹ וּבְיֶ֥תֶר בָּנָ֖יו אֲשֶׁ֥ר יוֹתִֽיר׃", "text": "The-*ʾîš* the-*rak* in-you and-the-*ʿānōg* *mĕʾōd*, *tēraʿ* *ʿênô* against-*ʾāḥîw* and-against-*ʾēšet* *ḥêqô* and-against-*yeter* *bānāw* which *yôtîr*.", "grammar": { "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - man", "*rak*": "adjective masculine singular - tender/soft/delicate", "*ʿānōg*": "adjective masculine singular - dainty/delicate/luxurious", "*mĕʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly", "*tēraʿ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - will be evil", "*ʿênô*": "noun feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his eye", "*ʾāḥîw*": "noun masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his brother", "*ʾēšet*": "noun feminine singular construct - wife of", "*ḥêqô*": "noun masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his bosom", "*yeter*": "noun masculine singular construct - remainder/rest of", "*bānāw*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*yôtîr*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will leave remaining" }, "variants": { "*rak*": "tender/soft/delicate/sensitive/pampered", "*ʿānōg*": "dainty/delicate/luxurious/refined", "*tēraʿ* *ʿênô*": "his eye will be evil/he will look with evil intent/he will be stingy toward", "*ḥêqô*": "his bosom/his embrace/his lap", "*yeter*": "remainder/rest/remnant" } } 55 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.55", "source": "מִתֵּ֣ת ׀ לְאַחַ֣ד מֵהֶ֗ם מִבְּשַׂ֤ר בָּנָיו֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יֹאכֵ֔ל מִבְּלִ֥י הִשְׁאִֽיר־ל֖וֹ כֹּ֑ל בְּמָצוֹר֙ וּבְמָצ֔וֹק אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָצִ֥יק לְךָ֛ אֹיִבְךָ֖ בְּכָל־שְׁעָרֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "From-*tēt* to-*ʾaḥad* of-them from-*bĕśar* *bānāyw* which *yōʾkēl*, from-*bĕlî* *hišʾîr*-to-him *kōl*, in-*māṣôr* and-in-*māṣôq* which *yāṣîq* to-you *ʾōyibĕkā* in-all-*šĕʿārêkā*.", "grammar": { "*tēt*": "Qal infinitive construct - giving", "*ʾaḥad*": "numeral masculine singular - one", "*bĕśar*": "noun masculine singular construct - flesh of", "*bānāyw*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*yōʾkēl*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will eat", "*bĕlî*": "preposition - without", "*hišʾîr*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - leaving", "*kōl*": "noun masculine singular - all/any", "*māṣôr*": "noun masculine singular - siege/distress", "*māṣôq*": "noun masculine singular - straits/distress", "*yāṣîq*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will distress/harass", "*ʾōyibĕkā*": "Qal participle masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your enemy", "*šĕʿārêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your gates/cities" }, "variants": { "*tēt*": "giving/offering/providing", "*bĕśar*": "flesh/meat/body", "*bĕlî*": "without/because of not/failure to", "*māṣôr*": "siege/distress/constraint", "*māṣôq*": "straits/distress/anguish", "*yāṣîq*": "distress/harass/oppress", "*šĕʿārêkā*": "your gates/your cities/your towns" } } 56 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.56", "source": "הָרַכָּ֨ה בְךָ֜ וְהָעֲנֻגָּ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹא־נִסְּתָ֤ה כַף־רַגְלָהּ֙ הַצֵּ֣ג עַל־הָאָ֔רֶץ מֵהִתְעַנֵּ֖ג וּמֵרֹ֑ךְ תֵּרַ֤ע עֵינָהּ֙ בְּאִ֣ישׁ חֵיקָ֔הּ וּבִבְנָ֖הּ וּבְבִתָּֽהּ׃", "text": "The-*rakkāh* in-you and-the-*ʿănuggāh* who not-*nissĕtāh* *kap*-*raglāh* *haṣṣēg* on-the-*ʾāreṣ* from-*hithʿannēg* and-from-*rōk*, *tēraʿ* *ʿênāh* against-*ʾîš* *ḥêqāh* and-against-*bĕnāh* and-against-*bittāh*.", "grammar": { "*rakkāh*": "adjective feminine singular - tender/soft/delicate", "*ʿănuggāh*": "adjective feminine singular - dainty/delicate/luxurious", "*nissĕtāh*": "Piel perfect 3rd feminine singular - she has tried/attempted", "*kap*": "noun feminine singular construct - palm of", "*raglāh*": "noun feminine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her foot", "*haṣṣēg*": "Hiphil infinitive absolute - to place/set", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular - earth/land/ground", "*hithʿannēg*": "Hithpael infinitive construct - to pamper oneself/be delicate", "*rōk*": "noun masculine singular - tenderness/delicacy", "*tēraʿ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - will be evil", "*ʿênāh*": "noun feminine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her eye", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular construct - man of", "*ḥêqāh*": "noun masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her bosom", "*bĕnāh*": "noun masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her son", "*bittāh*": "noun feminine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her daughter" }, "variants": { "*rakkāh*": "tender/soft/delicate/sensitive woman", "*ʿănuggāh*": "dainty/delicate/luxurious/refined woman", "*nissĕtāh*": "she has tried/attempted/tested/ventured", "*kap*-*raglāh* *haṣṣēg*": "to set the sole of her foot", "*hithʿannēg*": "pampering herself/being delicate/being luxurious", "*rōk*": "tenderness/delicacy/softness", "*tēraʿ* *ʿênāh*": "her eye will be evil/she will look with evil intent/she will be stingy" } } 57 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.57", "source": "וּֽבְשִׁלְיָתָ֞הּ הַיּוֹצֵ֣ת ׀ מִבֵּ֣ין רַגְלֶ֗יהָ וּבְבָנֶ֙יהָ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תֵּלֵ֔ד כִּֽי־תֹאכְלֵ֥ם בְּחֹֽסֶר־כֹּ֖ל בַּסָּ֑תֶר בְּמָצוֹר֙ וּבְמָצ֔וֹק אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָצִ֥יק לְךָ֛ אֹיִבְךָ֖ בִּשְׁעָרֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "And-in-*šilyātāh* the-*yôṣēt* from-between *raglêhā* and-in-*bānêhā* which *tēlēd* for-*tōʾklēm* in-*ḥōser*-*kōl* in-the-*sāter* in-*māṣôr* and-in-*māṣôq* which *yāṣîq* to-you *ʾōyibĕkā* in-*šĕʿārêkā*.", "grammar": { "*šilyātāh*": "noun feminine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her afterbirth", "*yôṣēt*": "Qal participle feminine singular - coming out/emerging", "*raglêhā*": "noun feminine dual with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her feet", "*bānêhā*": "noun masculine plural with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her children", "*tēlēd*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - she will bear", "*tōʾklēm*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - she will eat them", "*ḥōser*": "noun masculine singular construct - lack of", "*kōl*": "noun masculine singular - all/everything", "*sāter*": "noun masculine singular - secrecy/hiding", "*māṣôr*": "noun masculine singular - siege/distress", "*māṣôq*": "noun masculine singular - straits/distress", "*yāṣîq*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will distress/harass", "*ʾōyibĕkā*": "Qal participle masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your enemy", "*šĕʿārêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your gates/cities" }, "variants": { "*šilyātāh*": "her afterbirth/placenta", "*yôṣēt*": "coming out/emerging/exiting", "*ḥōser*-*kōl*": "lack of everything/complete want/utter destitution", "*sāter*": "secrecy/hiding/concealment", "*māṣôr*": "siege/distress/constraint", "*māṣôq*": "straits/distress/anguish", "*yāṣîq*": "distress/harass/oppress", "*šĕʿārêkā*": "your gates/your cities/your towns" } } 58 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.58", "source": "אִם־לֹ֨א תִשְׁמֹ֜ר לַעֲשׂ֗וֹת אֶת־כָּל־דִּבְרֵי֙ הַתּוֹרָ֣ה הַזֹּ֔את הַכְּתוּבִ֖ים בַּסֵּ֣פֶר הַזֶּ֑ה לְ֠יִרְאָה אֶת־הַשֵּׁ֞ם הַנִּכְבָּ֤ד וְהַנּוֹרָא֙ הַזֶּ֔ה אֵ֖ת יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "If-not *tišmōr* to-*ʿăśôt* *ʾet*-all-*dibrê* the-*tôrāh* the-this, the-*kĕtûbîm* in-the-*sēper* the-this, to-*yirʾāh* *ʾet*-the-*šēm* the-*nikbād* and-the-*nôrāʾ* the-this, *ʾēt* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā*.", "grammar": { "*tišmōr*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will observe/keep", "*ʿăśôt*": "Qal infinitive construct - doing/performing", "*dibrê*": "noun masculine plural construct - words of", "*tôrāh*": "noun feminine singular - instruction/law/teaching", "*kĕtûbîm*": "Qal passive participle masculine plural - written/inscribed", "*sēper*": "noun masculine singular - book/scroll/document", "*yirʾāh*": "Qal infinitive construct - fearing/revering", "*šēm*": "noun masculine singular - name", "*nikbād*": "Niphal participle masculine singular - honored/glorious", "*nôrāʾ*": "Niphal participle masculine singular - feared/awesome", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*tišmōr*": "observe/keep/guard/preserve", "*ʿăśôt*": "to do/perform/accomplish/fulfill", "*dibrê*": "words/matters/things", "*tôrāh*": "instruction/law/teaching/direction", "*sēper*": "book/scroll/document/writing", "*yirʾāh*": "to fear/revere/be in awe of", "*šēm*": "name/reputation/character", "*nikbād*": "honored/glorious/weighty/distinguished", "*nôrāʾ*": "feared/awesome/terrible/dreadful" } } 59 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.59", "source": "וְהִפְלָ֤א יְהוָה֙ אֶת־מַכֹּ֣תְךָ֔ וְאֵ֖ת מַכּ֣וֹת זַרְעֶ֑ךָ מַכּ֤וֹת גְּדֹלוֹת֙ וְנֶ֣אֱמָנ֔וֹת וָחֳלָיִ֥ם רָעִ֖ים וְנֶאֱמָנִֽים׃", "text": "And-*hiplāʾ* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*makkōtĕkā*, and-*ʾēt* *makkôt* *zarʿekā*; *makkôt* *gĕdōlôt* and-*neʾĕmānôt*, and-*ḥŏlāyîm* *rāʿîm* and-*neʾĕmānîm*.", "grammar": { "*hiplāʾ*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - make extraordinary/wonderful", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*makkōtĕkā*": "noun feminine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your plagues", "*makkôt*": "noun feminine plural construct - plagues of", "*zarʿekā*": "noun masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your seed/offspring", "*gĕdōlôt*": "adjective feminine plural - great/large", "*neʾĕmānôt*": "Niphal participle feminine plural - enduring/lasting/faithful", "*ḥŏlāyîm*": "noun masculine plural - diseases/sicknesses", "*rāʿîm*": "adjective masculine plural - evil/severe/harmful", "*neʾĕmānîm*": "Niphal participle masculine plural - enduring/lasting/faithful" }, "variants": { "*hiplāʾ*": "make extraordinary/wonderful/remarkable/distinct", "*makkôt*": "plagues/blows/strokes/wounds", "*zarʿekā*": "your seed/offspring/descendants/posterity", "*gĕdōlôt*": "great/large/severe/intense", "*neʾĕmānôt*": "enduring/lasting/faithful/persistent", "*ḥŏlāyîm*": "diseases/sicknesses/illnesses/maladies", "*rāʿîm*": "evil/bad/malignant/severe", "*neʾĕmānîm*": "enduring/lasting/faithful/persistent" } } 60 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.60", "source": "וְהֵשִׁ֣יב בְּךָ֗ אֵ֚ת כָּל־מַדְוֵ֣ה מִצְרַ֔יִם אֲשֶׁ֥ר יָגֹ֖רְתָּ מִפְּנֵיהֶ֑ם וְדָבְק֖וּ בָּֽךְ׃", "text": "And-*hēšîb* in-you *ʾēt* all-*madwēh* *miṣrayim* which *yāgōrtā* from-*pĕnêhem*; and-*dābĕqû* in-you.", "grammar": { "*hēšîb*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - bring back/return", "*madwēh*": "noun masculine singular construct - disease of", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*yāgōrtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you feared", "*pĕnêhem*": "noun common plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their face/presence", "*dābĕqû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they will cleave/cling" }, "variants": { "*hēšîb*": "bring back/return/restore/cause to return", "*madwēh*": "disease/illness/sickness/affliction", "*yāgōrtā*": "you feared/dreaded/were afraid of", "*pĕnêhem*": "their face/presence/sight", "*dābĕqû*": "they will cleave/cling/adhere/stick to" } } 61 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.61", "source": "גַּ֤ם כָּל־חֳלִי֙ וְכָל־מַכָּ֔ה אֲשֶׁר֙ לֹ֣א כָת֔וּב בְּסֵ֖פֶר הַתּוֹרָ֣ה הַזֹּ֑את יַעְלֵ֤‪[t]‬ם יְהוָה֙ עָלֶ֔יךָ עַ֖ד הִשָּׁמְדָֽךְ׃", "text": "Also all-*ḥŏlî* and-all-*makkāh* which not *kātûb* in-*sēper* the-*tôrāh* the-this; *yaʿlēm* *YHWH* upon-you until *hiššāmĕdākĕ*.", "grammar": { "*ḥŏlî*": "noun masculine singular - disease/sickness", "*makkāh*": "noun feminine singular - blow/stroke/plague", "*kātûb*": "Qal passive participle masculine singular - written", "*sēper*": "noun masculine singular construct - book of", "*tôrāh*": "noun feminine singular - instruction/law/teaching", "*yaʿlēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he will bring them up", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*hiššāmĕdākĕ*": "Niphal infinitive construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your being destroyed" }, "variants": { "*ḥŏlî*": "disease/sickness/illness/affliction", "*makkāh*": "blow/stroke/plague/wound", "*kātûb*": "written/recorded/inscribed", "*sēper*": "book/scroll/document/writing", "*tôrāh*": "instruction/law/teaching/direction", "*yaʿlēm*": "he will bring them up/cause them to come upon", "*hiššāmĕdākĕ*": "your being destroyed/annihilated/exterminated" } } 62 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.62", "source": "וְנִשְׁאַרְתֶּם֙ בִּמְתֵ֣י מְעָ֔ט תַּ֚חַת אֲשֶׁ֣ר הֱיִיתֶ֔ם כְּכוֹכְבֵ֥י הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם לָרֹ֑ב כִּי־לֹ֣א שָׁמַ֔עְתָּ בְּק֖וֹל יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "And-*nišʾartem* in-*mĕtê* *mĕʿāṭ*, *taḥat* which *hĕyîtem* like-*kôkĕbê* the-*šāmayim* for-*rōb*; for-not *šāmaʿtā* in-*qôl* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā*.", "grammar": { "*nišʾartem*": "Niphal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you will be left/remain", "*mĕtê*": "noun masculine plural construct - men of", "*mĕʿāṭ*": "adjective masculine singular - few/small", "*taḥat*": "preposition - instead of/beneath", "*hĕyîtem*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you were", "*kôkĕbê*": "noun masculine plural construct - stars of", "*šāmayim*": "noun masculine plural - heavens/sky", "*rōb*": "noun masculine singular - abundance/multitude", "*šāmaʿtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you listened to/obeyed", "*qôl*": "noun masculine singular construct - voice of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*nišʾartem*": "you will be left/remain/be spared", "*mĕtê* *mĕʿāṭ*": "few men/small number/just a few", "*taḥat*": "instead of/beneath/under/in place of", "*kôkĕbê* *šāmayim*": "stars of heaven/celestial stars", "*rōb*": "abundance/multitude/great number", "*šāmaʿtā*": "you listened to/obeyed/heeded/complied with", "*qôl*": "voice/sound/utterance" } } 63 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.63", "source": "וְ֠הָיָה כַּאֲשֶׁר־שָׂ֨שׂ יְהוָ֜ה עֲלֵיכֶ֗ם לְהֵיטִ֣יב אֶתְכֶם֮ וּלְהַרְבּ֣וֹת אֶתְכֶם֒ כֵּ֣ן יָשִׂ֤ישׂ יְהוָה֙ עֲלֵיכֶ֔ם לְהַאֲבִ֥יד אֶתְכֶ֖ם וּלְהַשְׁמִ֣יד אֶתְכֶ֑ם וְנִסַּחְתֶּם֙ מֵעַ֣ל הֽ͏ָאֲדָמָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־אַתָּ֥ה בָא־שָׁ֖מָּה לְרִשְׁתָּֽהּ׃", "text": "And-*hāyāh* as-which-*śāś* *YHWH* over-you to-*hêṭîb* you and-to-*harbôt* you, so *yāśîś* *YHWH* over-you to-*haʾăbîd* you and-to-*hašmîd* you; and-*nissaḥtem* from-upon the-*ʾădāmāh* which-you *bāʾ*-there to-*rištāh*.", "grammar": { "*hāyāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - it will be", "*śāś*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he rejoiced", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*hêṭîb*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to do good to", "*harbôt*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to multiply/increase", "*yāśîś*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will rejoice", "*haʾăbîd*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to destroy/exterminate", "*hašmîd*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to annihilate/exterminate", "*nissaḥtem*": "Niphal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you will be uprooted/torn away", "*ʾădāmāh*": "noun feminine singular - ground/land/earth", "*bāʾ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - entering/going", "*rištāh*": "Qal infinitive construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - to possess it" }, "variants": { "*śāś*": "rejoiced/delighted/was glad", "*hêṭîb*": "to do good to/benefit/treat well", "*harbôt*": "to multiply/increase/make numerous", "*yāśîś*": "he will rejoice/delight/be glad", "*haʾăbîd*": "to destroy/exterminate/wipe out", "*hašmîd*": "to annihilate/exterminate/destroy completely", "*nissaḥtem*": "you will be uprooted/torn away/plucked up", "*ʾădāmāh*": "ground/land/earth/soil", "*rištāh*": "to possess it/take possession of it/inherit it" } } 64 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.64", "source": "וֶהֱפִֽיצְךָ֤ יְהוָה֙ בְּכָל־הָ֣עַמִּ֔ים מִקְצֵ֥ה הָאָ֖רֶץ וְעַד־קְצֵ֣ה הָאָ֑רֶץ וְעָבַ֨דְתָּ שָּׁ֜ם אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֧ר לֹא־יָדַ֛עְתָּ אַתָּ֥ה וַאֲבֹתֶ֖יךָ עֵ֥ץ וָאָֽבֶן׃", "text": "And-*hēpîṣĕkā* *YHWH* in-all-the-*ʿammîm* from-*qĕṣēh* the-*ʾāreṣ* and-until-*qĕṣēh* the-*ʾāreṣ*; and-*ʿābadtā* there *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* which not-*yādaʿtā* you and-*ʾăbōtêkā*, *ʿēṣ* and-*ʾāben*.", "grammar": { "*hēpîṣĕkā*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - he will scatter you", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʿammîm*": "noun masculine plural - peoples/nations", "*qĕṣēh*": "noun masculine singular construct - end of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular - earth/land", "*ʿābadtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you will serve", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "adjective masculine plural - other/foreign", "*yādaʿtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you knew", "*ʾăbōtêkā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your fathers", "*ʿēṣ*": "noun masculine singular - wood/tree", "*ʾāben*": "noun feminine singular - stone" }, "variants": { "*hēpîṣĕkā*": "he will scatter you/disperse you/spread you abroad", "*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations/tribes", "*qĕṣēh*": "end/extremity/border", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground/world", "*ʿābadtā*": "you will serve/worship/be subject to", "*ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm*": "other gods/foreign deities", "*yādaʿtā*": "you knew/were acquainted with/experienced", "*ʿēṣ*": "wood/tree/timber", "*ʾāben*": "stone/rock" } } 65 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.65", "source": "וּבַגּוֹיִ֤ם הָהֵם֙ לֹ֣א תַרְגִּ֔יעַ וְלֹא־יִהְיֶ֥ה מָנ֖וֹחַ לְכַף־רַגְלֶ֑ךָ וְנָתַן֩ יְהוָ֨ה לְךָ֥ שָׁם֙ לֵ֣ב רַגָּ֔ז וְכִלְי֥וֹן עֵינַ֖יִם וְדֽ͏ַאֲב֥וֹן נָֽפֶשׁ׃", "text": "And among *gôyim* the those not *targîa'* and not *yihyeh* *mānôaḥ* to *kap*-*raglêkā*; and *nātan* *YHWH* to you there *lēb* *raggāz* and *kilyôn* *'ênayim* and *da'ăbôn* *nāpeš*.", "grammar": { "*gôyim*": "masculine plural construct - nations/gentiles", "*targîa'*": "hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will find rest", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - will be", "*mānôaḥ*": "masculine singular noun - rest/resting place", "*kap*": "construct form - sole/palm", "*raglêkā*": "feminine dual noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your feet", "*nātan*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he gave/will give", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*lēb*": "masculine singular noun - heart", "*raggāz*": "adjective masculine singular - trembling/quivering", "*kilyôn*": "masculine singular noun - failing/longing", "*'ênayim*": "feminine dual noun - eyes", "*da'ăbôn*": "masculine singular noun - sorrow/anguish", "*nāpeš*": "feminine singular noun - soul/life/being" }, "variants": { "*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples", "*targîa'*": "find rest/be at ease/settle", "*mānôaḥ*": "rest/resting place/respite", "*lēb raggāz*": "trembling heart/anxious mind/fearful heart", "*kilyôn 'ênayim*": "failing of eyes/yearning of eyes/wasting away of sight", "*da'ăbôn nāpeš*": "sorrow of soul/anguish of being/despair of life" } } 66 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.66", "source": "וְהָי֣וּ חַיֶּ֔יךָ תְּלֻאִ֥ים לְךָ֖ מִנֶּ֑גֶד וּפָֽחַדְתָּ֙ לַ֣יְלָה וְיוֹמָ֔ם וְלֹ֥א תַאֲמִ֖ין בְּחַיֶּֽיךָ׃", "text": "And *hāyû* *ḥayyêkā* *telu'îm* to you *minneged*, and *pāḥadtā* *laylāh* and *yômām*, and not *ta'ămîn* in *ḥayyêkā*.", "grammar": { "*hāyû*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural - they will be", "*ḥayyêkā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your life", "*telu'îm*": "qal passive participle masculine plural - hanging/in doubt", "*minneged*": "preposition - in front of/opposite", "*pāḥadtā*": "qal perfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will fear/dread", "*laylāh*": "masculine singular noun - night", "*yômām*": "adverb - by day/daytime", "*ta'ămîn*": "hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will believe/trust", "*ḥayyêkā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your life" }, "variants": { "*telu'îm*": "hanging/suspended/in doubt/uncertain", "*minneged*": "in front of you/before you/opposite you", "*pāḥadtā*": "you will dread/be in terror/fear", "*ta'ămîn*": "believe/trust/have confidence" } } 67 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.67", "source": "בַּבֹּ֤קֶר תֹּאמַר֙ מִֽי־יִתֵּ֣ן עֶ֔רֶב וּבָעֶ֥רֶב תֹּאמַ֖ר מִֽי־יִתֵּ֣ן בֹּ֑קֶר מִפַּ֤חַד לְבָֽבְךָ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תִּפְחָ֔ד וּמִמַּרְאֵ֥ה עֵינֶ֖יךָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר תִּרְאֶֽה׃", "text": "In the *bōqer* *tō'mar* who-*yittēn* *'ereb*, and in the *'ereb* *tō'mar* who-*yittēn* *bōqer*, from *paḥad* *lebābkā* which *tipḥād*, and from *mar'ēh* *'ênêkā* which *tir'eh*.", "grammar": { "*bōqer*": "masculine singular noun - morning", "*tō'mar*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will say", "*yittēn*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - would give/grant", "*'ereb*": "masculine singular noun - evening", "*paḥad*": "masculine singular construct noun - fear/dread", "*lebābkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your heart", "*tipḥād*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will fear", "*mar'ēh*": "masculine singular construct noun - sight/appearance", "*'ênêkā*": "feminine dual noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your eyes", "*tir'eh*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will see" }, "variants": { "*mî-yittēn*": "who would give/if only/would that", "*paḥad lebābkā*": "fear of your heart/terror in your heart/dread in your mind", "*mar'ēh 'ênêkā*": "sight of your eyes/what your eyes see/visions your eyes behold" } } 68 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.28.68", "source": "וֶֽהֱשִֽׁיבְךָ֨ יְהוָ֥ה ׀ מִצְרַיִם֮ בָּאֳנִיּוֹת֒ בַּדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אָמַ֣רְתִּֽי לְךָ֔ לֹא־תֹסִ֥יף ע֖וֹד לִרְאֹתָ֑הּ וְהִתְמַכַּרְתֶּ֨ם שָׁ֧ם לְאֹיְבֶ֛יךָ לַעֲבָדִ֥ים וְלִשְׁפָח֖וֹת וְאֵ֥ין קֹנֶֽה׃", "text": "And *hešîbkā* *YHWH* *miṣrayim* in the *'ŏniyyôt*, in the *derek* which *'āmartî* to you, not *tôsîp* again *lir'ōtāh*; and *hitmakartem* there to *'ōyebêkā* for *'ăbādîm* and for *šəpāḥôt*, and there is not *qōneh*.", "grammar": { "*hešîbkā*": "hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - he will bring you back", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*'ŏniyyôt*": "feminine plural noun - ships", "*derek*": "masculine singular noun construct - way/road", "*'āmartî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I said", "*tôsîp*": "hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - you will add/continue", "*lir'ōtāh*": "qal infinitive construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - to see it", "*hitmakartem*": "hithpael perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you will sell yourselves", "*'ōyebêkā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your enemies", "*'ăbādîm*": "masculine plural noun - slaves/servants", "*šəpāḥôt*": "feminine plural noun - female slaves/servants", "*qōneh*": "qal participle masculine singular - buyer/purchaser" }, "variants": { "*hešîbkā*": "bring you back/return you/cause you to return", "*'ŏniyyôt*": "ships/vessels/boats", "*derek*": "way/road/journey/path", "*hitmakartem*": "sell yourselves/offer yourselves for sale/be sold", "*'ăbādîm*": "male slaves/male servants/bondmen", "*šəpāḥôt*": "female slaves/female servants/bondwomen", "*'ên qōneh*": "no buyer/none to purchase/no one willing to buy" } }
• Deut 29:21-24 : 21 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.29.21", "source": "וְאָמַ֞ר הַדּ֣וֹר הֽ͏ָאַחֲר֗וֹן בְּנֵיכֶם֙ אֲשֶׁ֤ר יָק֙וּמוּ֙ מֵאַ֣חֲרֵיכֶ֔ם וְהַ֨נָּכְרִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר יָבֹ֖א מֵאֶ֣רֶץ רְחוֹקָ֑ה וְ֠רָאוּ אֶת־מַכּ֞וֹת הָאָ֤רֶץ הַהִוא֙ וְאֶת־תַּ֣חֲלֻאֶ֔יהָ אֲשֶׁר־חִלָּ֥ה יְהוָ֖ה בָּֽהּ׃", "text": "And-*ʾāmar* the-*dôr* the-*ʾaḥărôn*, *bᵉnêḵem* that *yāqûmû* from-after-you, and-the-*noḵrî* that *yābōʾ* from-*ʾereṣ* *rᵉḥôqāh*; and-*rāʾû* *ʾet*-*makkôt* the-*ʾāreṣ* the-that and-*ʾet*-*taḥălûʾeyhā* that-*ḥillāh* *YHWH* against-it.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - and he will say", "*dôr*": "noun masculine singular - generation", "*ʾaḥărôn*": "adjective masculine singular - latter/last", "*bᵉnêḵem*": "noun masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your sons", "*yāqûmû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will arise", "*noḵrî*": "adjective masculine singular - foreigner/stranger", "*yābōʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will come", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun feminine singular construct - land of", "*rᵉḥôqāh*": "adjective feminine singular - distant/far", "*rāʾû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural consecutive - and they will see", "*makkôt*": "noun feminine plural construct - plagues/wounds of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular - land", "*taḥălûʾeyhā*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its diseases", "*ḥillāh*": "Piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he made sick" }, "variants": { "*dôr*": "generation/age/period", "*ʾaḥărôn*": "latter/last/following", "*noḵrî*": "foreigner/stranger/alien", "*makkôt*": "plagues/wounds/afflictions", "*taḥălûʾeyhā*": "its diseases/sicknesses/maladies", "*ḥillāh*": "made sick/afflicted/wounded" } } 22 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.29.22", "source": "גָּפְרִ֣ית וָמֶלַח֮ שְׂרֵפָ֣ה כָל־אַרְצָהּ֒ לֹ֤א תִזָּרַע֙ וְלֹ֣א תַצְמִ֔חַ וְלֹֽא־יַעֲלֶ֥ה בָ֖הּ כָּל־עֵ֑שֶׂב כְּֽמַהְפֵּכַ֞ת סְדֹ֤ם וַעֲמֹרָה֙ אַדְמָ֣ה *וצביים **וּצְבוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁר֙ הָפַ֣ךְ יְהוָ֔ה בְּאַפּ֖וֹ וּבַחֲמָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*Gop̄rît* and-*melaḥ* *śᵉrēp̄āh* all-*ʾarṣāh*: not *tizzāraʿ* and-not *taṣmîaḥ* and-not-*yaʿăleh* in-it all-*ʿēśeb*; like-*mahpēḵat* *Sᵉdōm* and-*ʿĂmōrāh*, *ʾAdmāh* and-*Ṣᵉbôyîm* that *hāp̄aḵ* *YHWH* in-*ʾappô* and-in-*ḥămātô*.", "grammar": { "*Gop̄rît*": "noun feminine singular - brimstone/sulphur", "*melaḥ*": "noun masculine singular - salt", "*śᵉrēp̄āh*": "noun feminine singular - burning", "*ʾarṣāh*": "noun feminine singular construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its land", "*tizzāraʿ*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - it is sown", "*taṣmîaḥ*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd feminine singular - it sprouts", "*yaʿăleh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - it grows", "*ʿēśeb*": "noun masculine singular - plant/vegetation", "*mahpēḵat*": "noun feminine singular construct - overthrow of", "*Sᵉdōm*": "proper noun - Sodom", "*ʿĂmōrāh*": "proper noun - Gomorrah", "*ʾAdmāh*": "proper noun - Admah", "*Ṣᵉbôyîm*": "proper noun - Zeboiim", "*hāp̄aḵ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he overthrew", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ʾappô*": "noun masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his anger", "*ḥămātô*": "noun feminine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his wrath" }, "variants": { "*Gop̄rît*": "brimstone/sulphur", "*śᵉrēp̄āh*": "burning/combustion", "*tizzāraʿ*": "is sown/planted", "*taṣmîaḥ*": "sprouts/causes to grow", "*mahpēḵat*": "overthrow/destruction/overturn", "*hāp̄aḵ*": "overthrew/overturned/destroyed", "*ʾappô*": "his anger/nostril/face", "*ḥămātô*": "his wrath/rage/fury" } } 23 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.29.23", "source": "וְאָֽמְרוּ֙ כָּל־הַגּוֹיִ֔ם עַל־מֶ֨ה עָשָׂ֧ה יְהוָ֛ה כָּ֖כָה לָאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֑את מֶ֥ה חֳרִ֛י הָאַ֥ף הַגָּד֖וֹל הַזֶּֽה׃", "text": "And-*ʾāmᵉrû* all-the-*gôyim*: For-what *ʿāśāh* *YHWH* thus to-the-*ʾāreṣ* the-*zōʾt*? What *ḥŏrî* the-*ʾap̄* the-*gādôl* the-*zeh*?", "grammar": { "*ʾāmᵉrû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural consecutive - and they will say", "*gôyim*": "noun masculine plural - nations", "*ʿāśāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he did", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun feminine singular - land", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative adjective feminine singular - this", "*ḥŏrî*": "noun masculine singular construct - burning of", "*ʾap̄*": "noun masculine singular - nose/anger", "*gādôl*": "adjective masculine singular - great", "*zeh*": "demonstrative adjective masculine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*gôyim*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*ʿāśāh*": "did/made/accomplished", "*ḥŏrî*": "burning/heat/fierceness", "*ʾap̄*": "anger/nose/wrath" } } 24 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.29.24", "source": "וְאָ֣מְר֔וּ עַ֚ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָֽזְב֔וּ אֶת־בְּרִ֥ית יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י אֲבֹתָ֑ם אֲשֶׁר֙ כָּרַ֣ת עִמָּ֔ם בְּהוֹצִיא֥וֹ אֹתָ֖ם מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "And-*ʾāmᵉrû*: Because that *ʿāzᵉbû* *ʾet*-*bᵉrît* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *ʾăbōtām* that *kārat* with-them in-*hôṣîʾô* them from-*ʾereṣ* *Miṣrāyim*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmᵉrû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural consecutive - and they will say", "*ʿāzᵉbû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - they forsook", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*bᵉrît*": "noun feminine singular construct - covenant of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun masculine plural construct - God of", "*ʾăbōtām*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their fathers", "*kārat*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he cut", "*hôṣîʾô*": "Hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his bringing out", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun feminine singular construct - land of", "*Miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt" }, "variants": { "*ʿāzᵉbû*": "forsook/abandoned/left", "*bᵉrît*": "covenant/treaty/agreement", "*kārat*": "cut/made/established", "*hôṣîʾô*": "his bringing out/leading out" } }
• Deut 30:17-19 : 17 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.30.17", "source": "וְאִם־יִפְנֶ֥ה לְבָבְךָ֖ וְלֹ֣א תִשְׁמָ֑ע וְנִדַּחְתָּ֗ וְהִֽשְׁתַּחֲוִ֛יתָ לֵאלֹהִ֥ים אֲחֵרִ֖ים וַעֲבַדְתָּֽם", "text": "But if *wəʾim-yipneh* your *ləbābəkā* and not *lōʾ tišmāʿ* and *wəniddaḥtā* and *wəhištaḥăwîtā* to *ʾĕlōhîm* other and *waʿăbadtām*", "grammar": { "*wəʾim-yipneh*": "conjunction + conditional particle + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - but if it turns away", "*ləbābəkā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your heart", "*lōʾ tišmāʿ*": "negative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you will not hear/obey", "*wəniddaḥtā*": "waw-consecutive + niphal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you are drawn away", "*wəhištaḥăwîtā*": "waw-consecutive + hishtaphel perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you bow down/worship", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - gods", "*waʿăbadtām*": "waw-consecutive + qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and you serve them" }, "variants": { "*yipneh*": "turn away/turn aside/depart", "*ləbābəkā*": "your heart/mind/inner self", "*tišmāʿ*": "hear/listen to/obey", "*wəniddaḥtā*": "be drawn away/be led astray/be seduced", "*wəhištaḥăwîtā*": "bow down/prostrate yourself/worship", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "gods/deities", "*waʿăbadtām*": "serve them/worship them/be enslaved to them" } } 18 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.30.18", "source": "הִגַּ֤דְתִּי לָכֶם֙ הַיּ֔וֹם כִּ֥י אָבֹ֖ד תֹּאבֵד֑וּן לֹא־תַאֲרִיכֻ֤ן יָמִים֙ עַל־הָ֣אֲדָמָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר אַתָּ֤ה עֹבֵר֙ אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן לָבֹ֥א שָׁ֖מָּה לְרִשְׁתָּֽהּ", "text": "*higgadtî* to you today that *kî ʾābōd tōʾbēdûn*; not *lōʾ-taʾărîkun yāmîm* upon the *hāʾădāmāh* which you *ʾattāh ʿōbēr* *ʾet*-the *hayyardēn* to *lābōʾ šāmmāh* to *lərištāh*", "grammar": { "*higgadtî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular - I have declared/told", "*kî ʾābōd tōʾbēdûn*": "conjunction + qal infinitive absolute + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - that surely you will perish", "*lōʾ-taʾărîkun yāmîm*": "negative particle + hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine plural + masculine plural noun - you will not prolong days", "*hāʾădāmāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the ground/land", "*ʾattāh ʿōbēr*": "2nd masculine singular independent pronoun + qal participle, masculine singular - you are crossing over", "*hayyardēn*": "proper noun with definite article - the Jordan", "*lābōʾ šāmmāh*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct + adverb - to go there", "*lərištāh*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - to possess it" }, "variants": { "*higgadtî*": "declare/tell/announce", "*ʾābōd tōʾbēdûn*": "surely perish/certainly be destroyed", "*taʾărîkun yāmîm*": "prolong days/live long", "*hāʾădāmāh*": "ground/land/soil/earth", "*ʿōbēr*": "crossing over/passing over", "*hayyardēn*": "the Jordan River", "*lābōʾ šāmmāh*": "to go/enter there", "*lərištāh*": "to possess/inherit/occupy it" } } 19 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.30.19", "source": "הַעִידֹ֨תִי בָכֶ֣ם הַיּוֹם֮ אֶת־הַשָּׁמַ֣יִם וְאֶת־הָאָרֶץ֒ הַחַיִּ֤ים וְהַמָּ֙וֶת֙ נָתַ֣תִּי לְפָנֶ֔יךָ הַבְּרָכָ֖ה וְהַקְּלָלָ֑ה וּבָֽחַרְתָּ֙ בַּֽחַיִּ֔ים לְמַ֥עַן תִּחְיֶ֖ה אַתָּ֥ה וְזַרְעֶֽךָ", "text": "*haʿîdōtî* against you today *ʾet*-the *šāmayim* and *ʾet*-the *ʾāreṣ*; the *ḥayyîm* and the *māwet* *nātattî* before you, the *bərākāh* and the *qəlālāh*; and *ûbāḥartā* in the *ḥayyîm*, so that *ləmaʿan tiḥyeh* you and your *zarʿekā*", "grammar": { "*haʿîdōtî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular - I have called to witness", "*šāmayim*": "masculine dual noun with definite article - the heavens", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the earth/land", "*ḥayyîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the life", "*māwet*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the death", "*nātattî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I have set/placed", "*bərākāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the blessing", "*qəlālāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the curse", "*ûbāḥartā*": "waw-consecutive + qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and choose", "*ləmaʿan tiḥyeh*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - so that you may live", "*zarʿekā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your seed/offspring" }, "variants": { "*haʿîdōtî*": "call to witness/testify against/invoke as witness", "*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground", "*ḥayyîm*": "life/living", "*māwet*": "death/dying", "*nātattî*": "set/place/put before", "*bərākāh*": "blessing/benediction", "*qəlālāh*": "curse/cursing", "*ûbāḥartā*": "choose/select/elect", "*tiḥyeh*": "live/be alive/have life", "*zarʿekā*": "your seed/offspring/descendants" } }
• Deut 31:17-18 : 17 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.31.17", "source": "וְחָרָ֣ה אַפִּ֣י ב֣וֹ בַיּוֹם־הַ֠הוּא וַעֲזַבְתִּ֞ים וְהִסְתַּרְתִּ֨י פָנַ֤י מֵהֶם֙ וְהָיָ֣ה לֶֽאֱכֹ֔ל וּמְצָאֻ֛הוּ רָע֥וֹת רַבּ֖וֹת וְצָר֑וֹת וְאָמַר֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא הֲלֹ֗א עַ֣ל כִּֽי־אֵ֤ין אֱלֹהַי֙ בְּקִרְבִּ֔י מְצָא֖וּנִי הָרָע֥וֹת הָאֵֽלֶּה׃", "text": "*wə-ḥārāh ʾappî bô ba-yôm-ha-hûʾ wa-ʿăzabtîm wə-histartî pānay mēhem wə-hāyāh le-ʾĕkōl û-məṣāʾuhû rāʿôt rabbôt wə-ṣārôt wə-ʾāmar ba-yôm ha-hûʾ hă-lōʾ ʿal kî-ʾên ʾĕlōhay bə-qirbî məṣāʾûnî hā-rāʿôt hā-ʾēlleh*", "grammar": { "*wə-ḥārāh*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and will burn", "*ʾappî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st singular suffix - my anger/nostril", "*bô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - against him", "*ba-yôm-ha-hûʾ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + definite article + demonstrative pronoun - in that day", "*wa-ʿăzabtîm*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 1st singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - and I will forsake them", "*wə-histartî*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil perfect, 1st singular - and I will hide", "*pānay*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 1st singular suffix - my face", "*mēhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - from them", "*wə-hāyāh*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will be", "*le-ʾĕkōl*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - for devouring", "*û-məṣāʾuhû*": "waw conjunctive + Qal perfect, 3rd common plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and will find him", "*rāʿôt*": "noun, feminine plural - evils", "*rabbôt*": "adjective, feminine plural - many", "*wə-ṣārôt*": "waw conjunctive + noun, feminine plural - and distresses", "*wə-ʾāmar*": "waw consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and will say", "*ba-yôm*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - in the day", "*ha-hûʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - that", "*hă-lōʾ*": "interrogative particle + negative particle - is it not", "*ʿal*": "preposition - because", "*kî-ʾên*": "conjunction + negative existential particle - that there is no", "*ʾĕlōhay*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 1st singular suffix - my God", "*bə-qirbî*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 1st singular suffix - in my midst", "*məṣāʾûnî*": "Qal perfect, 3rd common plural + 1st singular suffix - have found me", "*hā-rāʿôt*": "definite article + noun, feminine plural - the evils", "*hā-ʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, common plural - these" }, "variants": { "*ḥārāh*": "burn/be kindled/become hot", "*ʾappî*": "my anger/my nose/my wrath", "*wa-ʿăzabtîm*": "forsake them/abandon them/leave them", "*wə-histartî pānay*": "hide my face/withhold my presence/conceal my favor", "*le-ʾĕkōl*": "to be devoured/consumed/destroyed", "*rāʿôt*": "evils/calamities/troubles", "*ṣārôt*": "distresses/troubles/adversities", "*bə-qirbî*": "in my midst/among me/within me" } } 18 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.31.18", "source": "וְאָנֹכִ֗י הַסְתֵּ֨ר אַסְתִּ֤יר פָּנַי֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא עַ֥ל כָּל־הָרָעָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂ֑ה כִּ֣י פָנָ֔ה אֶל־אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֲחֵרִֽים׃", "text": "*wə-ʾānōkî hastēr ʾastîr pānay ba-yôm ha-hûʾ ʿal kol-hā-rāʿāh ʾăšer ʿāśāh kî pānāh ʾel-ʾĕlōhîm ʾăḥērîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾānōkî*": "waw conjunctive + 1st singular independent pronoun - and I", "*hastēr ʾastîr*": "Hiphil infinitive absolute + Hiphil imperfect, 1st singular - certainly will hide", "*pānay*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 1st singular suffix - my face", "*ba-yôm*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - in the day", "*ha-hûʾ*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun - that", "*ʿal*": "preposition - because of", "*kol-hā-rāʿāh*": "noun, masculine singular construct + definite article + noun, feminine singular - all the evil", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*ʿāśāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he did/made", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*pānāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he turned", "*ʾel-ʾĕlōhîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - to gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - other" }, "variants": { "*ʾānōkî*": "I myself/I indeed (emphatic)", "*hastēr ʾastîr*": "surely hide/totally conceal/absolutely hide", "*pānay*": "my face/my presence/my favor", "*ʿal kol-hā-rāʿāh*": "because of all the evil/on account of all the wickedness", "*pānāh*": "turned/turned away/faced", "*ʾĕlōhîm ʾăḥērîm*": "other gods/foreign deities/strange gods" } }
• Deut 32:20-26 : 20 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.20", "source": "וַיֹּ֗אמֶר אַסְתִּ֤ירָה פָנַי֙ מֵהֶ֔ם אֶרְאֶ֖ה מָ֣ה אַחֲרִיתָ֑ם כִּ֣י ד֤וֹר תַּהְפֻּכֹת֙ הֵ֔מָּה בָּנִ֖ים לֹא־אֵמֻ֥ן בָּֽם׃", "text": "*wayyōʾmer* *ʾastîrâ* *p̄ānay* *mēhem* *ʾerʾê* *mâ* *ʾaḥărîṯām* *kî* *dôr* *tahpuḵōṯ* *hēmmâ* *bānîm* *lōʾ*-*ʾēmun* *bām*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾastîrâ*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular cohortative - I will hide", "*p̄ānay*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my face", "*mēhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from them", "*ʾerʾê*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular cohortative - I will see", "*mâ*": "interrogative - what", "*ʾaḥărîṯām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their end", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*dôr*": "masculine singular construct noun - generation of", "*tahpuḵōṯ*": "feminine plural noun - perversity", "*hēmmâ*": "3rd person masculine plural pronoun - they", "*bānîm*": "masculine plural noun - sons/children", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾēmun*": "masculine singular noun - faithfulness", "*bām*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in them" }, "variants": { "*ʾastîrâ p̄ānay*": "I will hide my face/I will turn away from them/I will withdraw my presence", "*ʾerʾê*": "I will see/I will observe/I will watch", "*ʾaḥărîṯām*": "their end/their outcome/their future", "*dôr tahpuḵōṯ*": "generation of perversity/perverse generation/twisted generation", "*bānîm lōʾ-ʾēmun*": "children without faithfulness/unfaithful children/untrustworthy sons" } } 21 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.21", "source": "הֵ֚ם קִנְא֣וּנִי בְלֹא־אֵ֔ל כִּעֲס֖וּנִי בְּהַבְלֵיהֶ֑ם וַאֲנִי֙ אַקְנִיאֵ֣ם בְּלֹא־עָ֔ם בְּג֥וֹי נָבָ֖ל אַכְעִיסֵֽם׃", "text": "*hēm* *qinʾûnî* *ḇəlōʾ*-*ʾēl* *kiʿăsûnî* *bəhaḇlêhem* *waʾănî* *ʾaqnîʾēm* *bəlōʾ*-*ʿām* *bəgôy* *nāḇāl* *aḵʿîsēm*", "grammar": { "*hēm*": "3rd person masculine plural pronoun - they", "*qinʾûnî*": "Piel perfect 3rd person common plural with 1st person singular suffix - they made me jealous", "*ḇəlōʾ*": "preposition + negative particle - with no", "*ʾēl*": "masculine singular noun - god", "*kiʿăsûnî*": "Piel perfect 3rd person common plural with 1st person singular suffix - they provoked me", "*bəhaḇlêhem*": "preposition + masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - with their vanities", "*waʾănî*": "conjunction + 1st person singular pronoun - and I", "*ʾaqnîʾēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - I will make them jealous", "*bəlōʾ*": "preposition + negative particle - with no", "*ʿām*": "masculine singular noun - people", "*bəgôy*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - with nation", "*nāḇāl*": "masculine singular adjective - foolish", "*aḵʿîsēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - I will provoke them" }, "variants": { "*qinʾûnî*": "they made me jealous/they provoked me to jealousy/they stirred me to jealousy", "*bəlōʾ-ʾēl*": "with no god/with what is not god/with a non-deity", "*kiʿăsûnî*": "they provoked me/they vexed me/they made me angry", "*haḇlêhem*": "their vanities/their idols/their worthless things", "*ʾaqnîʾēm*": "I will make them jealous/I will provoke them to jealousy", "*bəlōʾ-ʿām*": "with no people/with what is not a nation/with a non-people", "*gôy nāḇāl*": "foolish nation/senseless nation/contemptible people", "*aḵʿîsēm*": "I will provoke them/I will anger them/I will vex them" } } 22 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.22", "source": "כִּי־אֵשׁ֙ קָדְחָ֣ה בְאַפִּ֔י וַתִּיקַ֖ד עַד־שְׁא֣וֹל תַּחְתִּ֑ית וַתֹּ֤אכַל אֶ֙רֶץ֙ וִֽיבֻלָ֔הּ וַתְּלַהֵ֖ט מוֹסְדֵ֥י הָרִֽים׃", "text": "For *ʾēš* *qāḏəḥāh* in-*ʾappî*, *wattîqaḏ* unto-*šəʾôl* *taḥtît*; *wattōʾḵal* *ʾereṣ* and-*yəḇulāh*, *wattəlahēṭ* *môsəḏê* *hārîm*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine, singular - fire", "*qāḏəḥāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - has kindled/ignited", "*bə*": "preposition - in", "*ʾappî*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my nostril/anger", "*wattîqaḏ*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd feminine singular - and it burns", "*ʿaḏ*": "preposition - unto/to", "*šəʾôl*": "noun, feminine, singular - Sheol/underworld", "*taḥtît*": "adjective, feminine, singular - lowest/nethermost", "*wattōʾḵal*": "verb, qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd feminine singular - and it consumes", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular - earth/land", "*wî*": "conjunction - and", "*yəḇulāh*": "noun, masculine, singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its produce/yield", "*wattəlahēṭ*": "verb, piel imperfect consecutive, 3rd feminine singular - and it sets aflame", "*môsəḏê*": "noun, masculine, plural construct - foundations of", "*hārîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - mountains" }, "variants": { "*ʾēš*": "fire/flame", "*qāḏəḥāh*": "kindled/ignited/blazed", "*ʾappî*": "my nostril/my anger/my wrath", "*šəʾôl*": "Sheol/underworld/grave", "*taḥtît*": "lowest/deepest/nethermost", "*yəḇulāh*": "its produce/yield/increase", "*môsəḏê*": "foundations/bases" } } 23 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.23", "source": "אַסְפֶּ֥ה עָלֵ֖ימוֹ רָע֑וֹת חִצַּ֖י אֲכַלֶּה־בָּֽם׃", "text": "*ʾaspeh* upon-them *rāʿôṯ*; *ḥiṣṣay* *ʾăḵalleh*-in-them.", "grammar": { "*ʾaspeh*": "verb, hifil imperfect, 1st person singular - I will heap up", "*ʿălêmô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - upon them", "*rāʿôṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural - evils/disasters/calamities", "*ḥiṣṣay*": "noun, masculine, plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my arrows", "*ʾăḵalleh*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st person singular - I will spend/exhaust/use up", "*bām*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - in them/against them" }, "variants": { "*ʾaspeh*": "I will heap up/gather/accumulate", "*rāʿôṯ*": "evils/disasters/calamities/misfortunes", "*ḥiṣṣay*": "my arrows/shafts", "*ʾăḵalleh*": "I will spend/exhaust/consume/use up" } } 24 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.24", "source": "מְזֵ֥י רָעָ֛ב וּלְחֻ֥מֵי רֶ֖שֶׁף וְקֶ֣טֶב מְרִירִ֑י וְשֶׁן־בְּהֵמוֹת֙ אֲשַׁלַּח־בָּ֔ם עִם־חֲמַ֖ת זֹחֲלֵ֥י עָפָֽר׃", "text": "*məzê* *rāʿāḇ* and-*ləḥumê* *rešep̄* and-*qeṭeḇ* *mərîrî*; and-*šen*-*bəhêmôṯ* *ʾăšallaḥ*-in-them, with-*ḥămaṯ* *zōḥălê* *ʿāp̄ār*.", "grammar": { "*məzê*": "adjective, masculine, plural construct - exhausted of/wasted by", "*rāʿāḇ*": "noun, masculine, singular - hunger/famine", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*ləḥumê*": "adjective, masculine, plural construct - consumed by", "*rešep̄*": "noun, masculine, singular - flame/burning/pestilence", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*qeṭeḇ*": "noun, masculine, singular - destruction/plague", "*mərîrî*": "adjective, masculine, singular - bitter/poisonous", "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*šen*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - tooth of", "*bəhêmôṯ*": "noun, feminine, plural - beasts/animals", "*ʾăšallaḥ*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st person singular - I will send", "*bām*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - against them", "*ʿim*": "preposition - with", "*ḥămaṯ*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - venom/poison of", "*zōḥălê*": "participle, qal, masculine, plural construct - crawlers of/those crawling in", "*ʿāp̄ār*": "noun, masculine, singular - dust/soil/earth" }, "variants": { "*məzê*": "exhausted/wasted/sucked dry", "*rāʿāḇ*": "hunger/famine/starvation", "*ləḥumê*": "consumed/devoured/eaten up", "*rešep̄*": "flame/burning/pestilence/plague/fever", "*qeṭeḇ*": "destruction/plague/pestilence", "*mərîrî*": "bitter/poisonous/deadly", "*šen*": "tooth/fangs", "*bəhêmôṯ*": "beasts/animals/large creatures", "*ʾăšallaḥ*": "I will send/dispatch/let loose", "*ḥămaṯ*": "venom/poison/fury", "*zōḥălê*": "crawlers/creepers/those who crawl", "*ʿāp̄ār*": "dust/soil/earth/ground" } } 25 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.25", "source": "מִחוּץ֙ תְּשַׁכֶּל־חֶ֔רֶב וּמֵחֲדָרִ֖ים אֵימָ֑ה גַּם־בָּחוּר֙ גַּם־בְּתוּלָ֔ה יוֹנֵ֖ק עִם־אִ֥ישׁ שֵׂיבָֽה׃", "text": "From-outside *təšakkel*-*ḥereḇ* and-from-chambers *ʾêmāh*; also-*bāḥûr* also-*bəṯûlāh*, *yônêq* with-*ʾîš* *śêḇāh*.", "grammar": { "*miḥûṣ*": "preposition with noun - from outside", "*təšakkel*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - will bereave", "*ḥereḇ*": "noun, feminine, singular - sword", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*mêḥăḏārîm*": "preposition with noun, masculine, plural - from chambers/rooms", "*ʾêmāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - terror/horror/dread", "*gam*": "particle - also/even", "*bāḥûr*": "noun, masculine, singular - young man/chosen one", "*gam*": "particle - also/even", "*bəṯûlāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - virgin/maiden", "*yônêq*": "noun, masculine, singular - suckling/infant", "*ʿim*": "preposition - with", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - man of", "*śêḇāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - gray hair/old age" }, "variants": { "*təšakkel*": "will bereave/rob/make childless", "*ḥereḇ*": "sword/knife/destruction", "*ʾêmāh*": "terror/horror/dread", "*bāḥûr*": "young man/chosen one/youth", "*bəṯûlāh*": "virgin/maiden/unmarried woman", "*yônêq*": "suckling/nursing infant", "*ʾîš*": "man/person", "*śêḇāh*": "gray hair/old age/hoary head" } } 26 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.32.26", "source": "אָמַ֖רְתִּי אַפְאֵיהֶ֑ם אַשְׁבִּ֥יתָה מֵאֱנ֖וֹשׁ זִכְרָֽם׃", "text": "*ʾāmartî* *ʾap̄ʾêhem* *ʾašbîṯāh* from-*ʾĕnôš* *ziḵrām*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmartî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I said", "*ʾap̄ʾêhem*": "verb, hifil imperfect, 1st person singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - I will scatter them", "*ʾašbîṯāh*": "verb, hifil imperfect cohortative, 1st person singular - I will make cease", "*mê*": "preposition - from", "*ʾĕnôš*": "noun, masculine, singular - mankind/humanity", "*ziḵrām*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their remembrance/memory" }, "variants": { "*ʾāmartî*": "I said/thought/declared", "*ʾap̄ʾêhem*": "I will scatter them/blow them away/make them cease to exist", "*ʾašbîṯāh*": "I will make cease/eliminate/cause to end", "*ʾĕnôš*": "mankind/humanity/mortals", "*ziḵrām*": "their remembrance/memory/mention" } }
• Josh 23:13-16 : 13 { "verseID": "Joshua.23.13", "source": "יָד֙וֹעַ֙ תֵּֽדְע֔וּ כִּי֩ לֹ֨א יוֹסִ֜יף יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֗ם לְהוֹרִ֛ישׁ אֶת־הַגּוֹיִ֥ם הָאֵ֖לֶּה מִלִּפְנֵיכֶ֑ם וְהָי֨וּ לָכֶ֜ם לְפַ֣ח וּלְמוֹקֵ֗שׁ וּלְשֹׁטֵ֤ט בְּצִדֵּיכֶם֙ וְלִצְנִנִ֣ים בְּעֵינֵיכֶ֔ם עַד־אֲבָדְכֶ֗ם מֵ֠עַל הָאֲדָמָ֤ה הַטּוֹבָה֙ הַזֹּ֔את אֲשֶׁר֙ נָתַ֣ן לָכֶ֔ם יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "*yādôaʿ* *tēdʿû* that not *yôsîp̄* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem* to *hôrîš* *ʾet* the *gôyim* the *ʾēlleh* from *lp̄nêkem* and *whāyû* to you to *p̄aḥ* and to *môqēš* and to *šōṭēṭ* in *ṣiddêkem* and to *ṣəninîm* in *ʿênêkem* until *ʾāḇādkem* from over the *ʾădāmâ* the *ṭôḇâ* the *zōʾt* which *nātan* to you *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem*.", "grammar": { "*yādôaʿ*": "qal infinitive absolute - knowing", "*tēdʿû*": "qal imperfect 2mp - you will know", "*yôsîp̄*": "hiphil imperfect 3ms - he will continue", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "masculine plural noun + 2mp suffix - your God", "*hôrîš*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to dispossess", "*gôyim*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the nations", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun - these", "*lp̄nêkem*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 2mp suffix - from before you", "*whāyû*": "waw + qal perfect 3cp - and they will be", "*p̄aḥ*": "masculine singular noun - trap/snare", "*môqēš*": "masculine singular noun - snare/trap", "*šōṭēṭ*": "masculine singular noun - whip/scourge", "*ṣiddêkem*": "masculine plural noun + 2mp suffix - your sides", "*ṣəninîm*": "masculine plural noun - thorns", "*ʿênêkem*": "feminine plural noun + 2mp suffix - your eyes", "*ʾāḇādkem*": "qal infinitive construct + 2mp suffix - your perishing", "*ʾădāmâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the ground/land", "*ṭôḇâ*": "feminine singular adjective with definite article - the good", "*zōʾt*": "feminine singular demonstrative - this", "*nātan*": "qal perfect 3ms - he gave" }, "variants": { "*yādôaʿ tēdʿû*": "know for certain/surely know/certainly know", "*yôsîp̄*": "continue/add/do more", "*hôrîš*": "dispossess/drive out/cause to inherit", "*p̄aḥ*": "trap/snare/net", "*môqēš*": "snare/trap/bait", "*šōṭēṭ*": "whip/scourge/lash", "*ṣəninîm*": "thorns/pricks/barbs", "*ʾāḇādkem*": "your perishing/destruction/extinction", "*ʾădāmâ ṭôḇâ*": "good land/fertile soil/productive ground" } } 14 { "verseID": "Joshua.23.14", "source": "וְהִנֵּ֨ה אָנֹכִ֤י הוֹלֵךְ֙ הַיּ֔וֹם בְּדֶ֖רֶךְ כָּל־הָאָ֑רֶץ וִידַעְתֶּ֞ם בְּכָל־לְבַבְכֶ֣ם וּבְכָל־נַפְשְׁכֶ֗ם כִּ֣י לֹֽא־נָפַל֩ דָּבָ֨ר אֶחָ֜ד מִכֹּ֣ל ׀ הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הַטּוֹבִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר דִּבֶּ֜ר יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶם֙ עֲלֵיכֶ֔ם הַכֹּל֙ בָּ֣אוּ לָכֶ֔ם לֹֽא־נָפַ֥ל מִמֶּ֖נּוּ דָּבָ֥ר אֶחָֽד׃", "text": "And *whinnēh* *ʾānōkî* *hôlēk* the *yôm* in *derek* all the *ʾāreṣ* and *wîdaʿtem* in all *ləḇaḇkem* and in all *nap̄šəkem* that not *nāp̄al* *dāḇār* *ʾeḥād* from all the *dəḇārîm* the *ṭôḇîm* which *dibber* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem* concerning you the *kōl* *bāʾû* to you not *nāp̄al* from it *dāḇār* *ʾeḥād*.", "grammar": { "*whinnēh*": "interjection - behold", "*ʾānōkî*": "1cs independent pronoun - I", "*hôlēk*": "qal participle ms - going", "*yôm*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the day", "*derek*": "feminine singular construct - way of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the earth/land", "*wîdaʿtem*": "waw + qal perfect 2mp - and you know", "*ləḇaḇkem*": "masculine singular noun + 2mp suffix - your heart", "*nap̄šəkem*": "feminine singular noun + 2mp suffix - your soul", "*nāp̄al*": "qal perfect 3ms - fell/failed", "*dāḇār*": "masculine singular noun - word/thing", "*ʾeḥād*": "numeral - one", "*dəḇārîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the words/things", "*ṭôḇîm*": "masculine plural adjective with definite article - the good", "*dibber*": "piel perfect 3ms - he spoke", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "masculine plural noun + 2mp suffix - your God", "*kōl*": "noun with definite article - the all/everything", "*bāʾû*": "qal perfect 3cp - they came/happened", "*nāp̄al*": "qal perfect 3ms - fell/failed" }, "variants": { "*whinnēh*": "behold/look/see", "*hôlēk hayyôm bəderek kol-hāʾāreṣ*": "going today the way of all the earth/about to die/following the path of all humanity", "*nāp̄al*": "fell/failed/did not come to pass", "*dāḇār*": "word/thing/matter", "*dibber*": "spoke/promised/declared", "*kōl bāʾû*": "all have come/everything has happened/all have been fulfilled" } } 15 { "verseID": "Joshua.23.15", "source": "וְהָיָ֗ה כַּאֲשֶׁר־בָּ֤א עֲלֵיכֶם֙ כָּל־הַדָּבָ֣ר הַטּ֔וֹב אֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבֶּ֛ר יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם אֲלֵיכֶ֑ם כֵּן֩ יָבִ֨יא יְהוָ֜ה עֲלֵיכֶ֗ם אֵ֚ת כָּל־הַדָּבָ֣ר הָרָ֔ע עַד־הַשְׁמִיד֣וֹ אוֹתְכֶ֗ם מֵ֠עַל הָאֲדָמָ֤ה הַטּוֹבָה֙ הַזֹּ֔את אֲשֶׁר֙ נָתַ֣ן לָכֶ֔ם יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "And *whāyâ* as which *bāʾ* upon you all the *dāḇār* the *ṭôḇ* which *dibber* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem* to you so *yāḇîʾ* *YHWH* upon you *ʾēt* all the *dāḇār* the *rāʿ* until *hašmîdô* you from over the *ʾădāmâ* the *ṭôḇâ* the *zōʾt* which *nātan* to you *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem*.", "grammar": { "*whāyâ*": "waw + qal perfect 3ms - and it will be", "*bāʾ*": "qal perfect 3ms - came/happened", "*dāḇār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the word/thing", "*ṭôḇ*": "masculine singular adjective with definite article - the good", "*dibber*": "piel perfect 3ms - he spoke", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "masculine plural noun + 2mp suffix - your God", "*yāḇîʾ*": "hiphil imperfect 3ms - he will bring", "*dāḇār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the word/thing", "*rāʿ*": "masculine singular adjective with definite article - the evil/bad", "*hašmîdô*": "hiphil infinitive construct + 3ms suffix - his destroying", "*ʾădāmâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the ground/land", "*ṭôḇâ*": "feminine singular adjective with definite article - the good", "*zōʾt*": "feminine singular demonstrative - this", "*nātan*": "qal perfect 3ms - he gave" }, "variants": { "*whāyâ*": "and it will be/it shall come to pass", "*bāʾ*": "came/happened/was fulfilled", "*dāḇār ṭôḇ*": "good word/good promise/favorable thing", "*dibber*": "spoke/promised/declared", "*yāḇîʾ*": "will bring/will cause to come/will fulfill", "*dāḇār rāʿ*": "bad word/evil thing/calamity", "*hašmîdô*": "his destroying/exterminating/annihilating", "*ʾădāmâ ṭôḇâ*": "good land/fertile soil/productive ground" } } 16 { "verseID": "Joshua.23.16", "source": "בְּ֠עָבְרְכֶם אֶת־בְּרִ֨ית יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶם֮ אֲשֶׁ֣ר צִוָּ֣ה אֶתְכֶם֒ וַהֲלַכְתֶּ֗ם וַעֲבַדְתֶּם֙ אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֔ים וְהִשְׁתַּחֲוִיתֶ֖ם לָהֶ֑ם וְחָרָ֤ה אַף־יְהוָה֙ בָּכֶ֔ם וַאֲבַדְתֶּ֣ם מְהֵרָ֔ה מֵעַל֙ הָאָ֣רֶץ הַטּוֹבָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֖ר נָתַ֥ן לָכֶֽם׃", "text": "In *ʿāḇrəkem* *ʾet* *bərît* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem* which *ṣiwwâ* you and *waăhălaktem* and *waʿăḇadtem* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾăḥērîm* and *wəhištaḥăwîtem* to them and *wəḥārâ* *ʾap̄* *YHWH* in you and *waʾăḇadtem* *məhērâ* from over the *ʾāreṣ* the *ṭôḇâ* which *nātan* to you.", "grammar": { "*ʿāḇrəkem*": "qal infinitive construct + 2mp suffix - your transgressing", "*bərît*": "feminine singular construct - covenant of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "masculine plural noun + 2mp suffix - your God", "*ṣiwwâ*": "piel perfect 3ms - he commanded", "*waăhălaktem*": "waw + qal perfect 2mp - and you go", "*waʿăḇadtem*": "waw + qal perfect 2mp - and you serve", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - gods", "*ʾăḥērîm*": "masculine plural adjective - other", "*wəhištaḥăwîtem*": "waw + hishtaphel perfect 2mp - and you bow down", "*wəḥārâ*": "waw + qal perfect 3ms - and will burn", "*ʾap̄*": "masculine singular construct - anger of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*waʾăḇadtem*": "waw + qal perfect 2mp - and you will perish", "*məhērâ*": "adverb - quickly", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the land", "*ṭôḇâ*": "feminine singular adjective with definite article - the good", "*nātan*": "qal perfect 3ms - he gave" }, "variants": { "*ʿāḇrəkem*": "your transgressing/violating/crossing over", "*bərît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*ṣiwwâ*": "commanded/ordered/instructed", "*waăhălaktem*": "and you go/walk/follow", "*waʿăḇadtem*": "and you serve/worship/work for", "*ʾĕlōhîm ʾăḥērîm*": "other gods/foreign deities", "*wəhištaḥăwîtem*": "and you bow down/prostrate yourselves/worship", "*wəḥārâ ʾap̄-YHWH*": "and the anger of YHWH will burn/YHWH's wrath will be kindled", "*waʾăḇadtem məhērâ*": "and you will perish quickly/be destroyed rapidly", "*ʾāreṣ ṭôḇâ*": "good land/pleasant country" } }
• Neh 9:16-17 : 16 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.16", "source": "וְהֵ֥ם וַאֲבֹתֵ֖ינוּ הֵזִ֑ידוּ וַיַּקְשׁוּ֙ אֶת־עָרְפָּ֔ם וְלֹ֥א שָׁמְע֖וּ אֶל־מִצְוֺתֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "*wə-hēm waʾăbōtênû hēzîdû wayyaqšû ʾet-ʿorpām wə-lōʾ šāməʿû ʾel-miṣwōteyḵā", "grammar": { "*wə-hēm*": "conjunction + 3mp pronoun - and they", "*waʾăbōtênû*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural + 1cp suffix - and our fathers", "*hēzîdû*": "hiphil perfect, 3cp - they acted presumptuously/proudly", "*wayyaqšû*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect, 3mp - and they hardened", "*ʾet-ʿorpām*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular + 3mp suffix - their neck", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*šāməʿû*": "qal perfect, 3cp - they listened/obeyed", "*ʾel-miṣwōteyḵā*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural + 2ms suffix - to your commandments" }, "variants": { "*hēzîdû*": "acted presumptuously/became proud/were insolent", "*wayyaqšû ʾet-ʿorpām*": "hardened their necks/became stubborn/stiffened their necks", "*šāməʿû*": "listened/obeyed/heeded" } } 17 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.17", "source": "וַיְמָאֲנ֣וּ לִשְׁמֹ֗עַ וְלֹא־זָכְר֤וּ נִפְלְאֹתֶ֙יךָ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִׂ֣יתָ עִמָּהֶ֔ם וַיַּקְשׁוּ֙ אֶת־עָרְפָּ֔ם וַיִּתְּנוּ־רֹ֛אשׁ לָשׁ֥וּב לְעַבְדֻתָ֖ם בְּמִרְיָ֑ם וְאַתָּה֩ אֱל֨וֹהַּ סְלִיח֜וֹת חַנּ֧וּן וְרַח֛וּם אֶֽרֶךְ־אַפַּ֥יִם וְרַב־חֶ֖סֶד וְלֹ֥א עֲזַבְתָּֽם׃", "text": "*wayməʾănû lišmōaʿ wə-lōʾ-zāḵərû niplə'ōteyḵā ʾăšer ʿāśîtā ʿimmāhem wayyaqšû ʾet-ʿorpām wayyittənû-rōʾš lāšûb ləʿabdutām bəmiryām wə-ʾattāh ʾĕlôah səlîḥôt ḥannûn wə-raḥûm ʾereḵ-ʾappayim wə-rab-ḥesed wə-lōʾ ʿăzabtām", "grammar": { "*wayməʾănû*": "conjunction + piel imperfect, 3mp - and they refused", "*lišmōaʿ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to hear/listen", "*wə-lōʾ-zāḵərû*": "conjunction + negative particle + qal perfect, 3mp - and they did not remember", "*niplə'ōteyḵā*": "noun, feminine plural + 2ms suffix - your wonders", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*ʿāśîtā*": "qal perfect, 2ms - you did/performed", "*ʿimmāhem*": "preposition + 3mp suffix - with them", "*wayyaqšû*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect, 3mp - and they hardened", "*ʾet-ʿorpām*": "direct object marker + noun, masculine singular + 3mp suffix - their neck", "*wayyittənû-rōʾš*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3mp + noun, masculine singular - and they appointed a head", "*lāšûb*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to return", "*ləʿabdutām*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 3mp suffix - to their bondage/slavery", "*bəmiryām*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3mp suffix - in their rebellion", "*wə-ʾattāh*": "conjunction + 2ms pronoun - and you", "*ʾĕlôah*": "noun, masculine singular - God", "*səlîḥôt*": "noun, feminine plural - forgivenesses", "*ḥannûn*": "adjective, masculine singular - gracious", "*wə-raḥûm*": "conjunction + adjective, masculine singular - and merciful", "*ʾereḵ-ʾappayim*": "adjective + noun, masculine dual - slow to anger/long of nostrils", "*wə-rab-ḥesed*": "conjunction + adjective + noun - and abundant in lovingkindness", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*ʿăzabtām*": "qal perfect, 2ms + 3mp suffix - you forsook them" }, "variants": { "*wayməʾănû*": "refused/declined/were unwilling", "*niplə'ōteyḵā*": "your wonders/your miracles/your marvelous works", "*wayyittənû-rōʾš*": "appointed a head/set a leader/made a decision", "*lāšûb ləʿabdutām*": "to return to their bondage/to go back to slavery/to return to servitude", "*bəmiryām*": "in their rebellion/in their defiance/in their disobedience", "*ʾĕlôah səlîḥôt*": "God of forgivenesses/forgiving God", "*ḥannûn wə-raḥûm*": "gracious and merciful/compassionate and kind", "*ʾereḵ-ʾappayim*": "slow to anger/patient/long-suffering", "*rab-ḥesed*": "abundant in lovingkindness/great in mercy/full of steadfast love" } }
• Neh 9:26 : 26 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.26", "source": "וַיַּמְר֨וּ וַֽיִּמְרְד֜וּ בָּ֗ךְ וַיַּשְׁלִ֤כוּ אֶת־תּוֹרָֽתְךָ֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י גַוָּ֔ם וְאֶת־נְבִיאֶ֣יךָ הָרָ֔גוּ אֲשֶׁר־הֵעִ֥ידוּ בָ֖ם לַהֲשִׁיבָ֣ם אֵלֶ֑יךָ וֽ͏ַיַּעֲשׂ֔וּ נֶאָצ֖וֹת גְּדוֹלֹֽת׃", "text": "*wə-yamrū* *wə-yimrəḏū* in-you, *wə-yašlīḵū* *ʾēṯ*-*tôrāṯəḵā* behind *gawām*, *wə-ʾēṯ*-*nəḇīʾêḵā* they-*hārāḡū* who-*hēʿîḏû* in-them *ləhăšîḇām* to-you, *wə-yaʿăśû* *neʾāṣôṯ* *gəḏôlōṯ*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yamrū*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person plural - and they rebelled/were disobedient", "*wə-yimrəḏū*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person plural - and they rebelled/were rebellious", "*bāḵ*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - against you", "*wə-yašlīḵū*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 3rd person plural - and they cast/threw", "*ʾēṯ-tôrāṯəḵā*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your law/instruction", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - behind/after", "*gawām*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their back", "*wə-ʾēṯ-nəḇīʾêḵā*": "conjunction + direct object marker + masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and your prophets", "*hārāḡū*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they killed", "*ʾăšer-hēʿîḏû*": "relative pronoun + Hiphil perfect 3rd person plural - who testified/warned", "*bām*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - against them", "*ləhăšîḇām*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to return/bring them back", "*ʾēlêḵā*": "preposition + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you", "*wə-yaʿăśû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person plural - and they did/made", "*neʾāṣôṯ*": "feminine plural noun - contemptuous/despicable acts", "*gəḏôlōṯ*": "feminine plural adjective - great/large" }, "variants": { "*yamrū*": "rebelled/disobeyed/were contentious", "*yimrəḏū*": "rebelled/revolted/were insubordinate", "*yašlīḵū*": "cast/threw/hurled away", "*tôrāṯəḵā*": "law/instruction/teaching", "*gawām*": "back/body/middle", "*nəḇīʾêḵā*": "prophets/seers/messengers", "*hārāḡū*": "killed/slew/murdered", "*hēʿîḏû*": "testified/warned/admonished", "*ləhăšîḇām*": "to return them/to bring them back/to restore them", "*neʾāṣôṯ*": "contemptuous acts/despicable deeds/blasphemies" } }
• Neh 9:29 : 29 { "verseID": "Nehemiah.9.29", "source": "וַתָּ֨עַד בָּהֶ֜ם לַהֲשִׁיבָ֣ם אֶל־תּוֹרָתֶ֗ךָ וְהֵ֨מָּה הֵזִ֜ידוּ וְלֹא־שָׁמְע֤וּ לְמִצְוֺתֶ֙יךָ֙ וּבְמִשְׁפָּטֶ֣יךָ חָֽטְאוּ־בָ֔ם אֲשֶׁר־יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה אָדָ֖ם וְחָיָ֣ה בָהֶ֑ם וַיִּתְּנ֤וּ כָתֵף֙ סוֹרֶ֔רֶת וְעָרְפָּ֥ם הִקְשׁ֖וּ וְלֹ֥א שָׁמֵֽעוּ׃", "text": "*wə-tāʿaḏ* in-them *ləhăšîḇām* to-*tôrāṯeḵā*, *wə-hēmmāh* *hēzîḏû* and-not-*šāməʿû* to-*miṣwōṯêḵā* and-in-*mišpāṭêḵā* they-*ḥāṭəʾû*-in-them which-*yaʿăśeh* *ʾāḏām* and-*ḥāyāh* in-them, *wə-yittənû* *ḵāṯēp̄* *sôrereṯ* and-*ʿārpām* they-*hiqšû* and-not *šāmēʿû*.", "grammar": { "*wə-tāʿaḏ*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect 2nd person masculine singular - and you warned/testified against", "*bāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - against them", "*ləhăšîḇām*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to return/bring them back", "*ʾel-tôrāṯeḵā*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to your law/teaching", "*wə-hēmmāh*": "conjunction + 3rd person masculine plural pronoun - but they", "*hēzîḏû*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person plural - they acted presumptuously/arrogantly", "*wə-lōʾ-šāməʿû*": "conjunction + negative particle + Qal perfect 3rd person plural - and did not listen/obey", "*lə-miṣwōṯêḵā*": "preposition + feminine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to your commandments", "*û-ḇə-mišpāṭêḵā*": "conjunction + preposition + masculine plural noun + 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and against your judgments", "*ḥāṭəʾû-ḇām*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural + preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - they sinned against them", "*ʾăšer-yaʿăśeh*": "relative pronoun + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - which if a man does", "*ʾāḏām*": "masculine singular noun - man/human", "*wə-ḥāyāh*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he shall live", "*bāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - by them", "*wə-yittənû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person plural - and they gave/presented", "*ḵāṯēp̄*": "feminine singular noun - shoulder", "*sôrereṯ*": "Qal participle feminine singular - rebellious/stubborn", "*wə-ʿārpām*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and their neck", "*hiqšû*": "Hiphil perfect 3rd person plural - they hardened/stiffened", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*šāmēʿû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they listened/obeyed" }, "variants": { "*tāʿaḏ*": "testified against/warned/admonished", "*ləhăšîḇām*": "to bring them back/to return them/to restore them", "*tôrāṯeḵā*": "your law/instruction/teaching", "*hēmmāh*": "they/those/themselves", "*hēzîḏû*": "acted presumptuously/were arrogant/were insolent", "*šāməʿû*": "listened/obeyed/heeded", "*miṣwōṯêḵā*": "your commandments/precepts/ordinances", "*mišpāṭêḵā*": "your judgments/ordinances/regulations", "*ḥāṭəʾû*": "sinned/missed the mark/transgressed", "*yaʿăśeh*": "does/performs/practices", "*ʾāḏām*": "man/person/human being", "*ḥāyāh*": "lives/will live/survives", "*yittənû*": "gave/presented/offered", "*ḵāṯēp̄*": "shoulder/back", "*sôrereṯ*": "rebellious/stubborn/defiant", "*ʿārpām*": "their neck/their nape", "*hiqšû*": "hardened/stiffened/made obstinate" } }