Verse 5

{ "verseID": "Jeremiah.46.5", "source": "מַדּ֣וּעַ רָאִ֗יתִי הֵ֣מָּה חַתִּים֮ נְסֹגִ֣ים אָחוֹר֒ וְגִבּוֹרֵיהֶ֣ם יֻכַּ֔תּוּ וּמָנ֥וֹס נָ֖סוּ וְלֹ֣א הִפְנ֑וּ מָג֥וֹר מִסָּבִ֖יב נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*Maddûaʿ* *rāʾîtî* *hēmmāh* *ḥattîm* *nəsōgîm* backward, *wə*-*gibbôrêhem* *yukkattû* *û*-*mānôs* *nāsû* *wə*-*lōʾ* *hipnû*; *māgôr* from-surrounding, *nəʾum*-*YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*Maddûaʿ*": "interrogative adverb - why", "*rāʾîtî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I have seen", "*hēmmāh*": "3rd masculine plural independent pronoun - they", "*ḥattîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - dismayed/terrified", "*nəsōgîm*": "niphal participle, masculine plural - retreating/drawing back", "*wə*-*gibbôrêhem*": "conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and their mighty men", "*yukkattû*": "hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - are beaten down/defeated", "*û*-*mānôs*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and fleeing", "*nāsû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they have fled", "*wə*-*lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*hipnû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd common plural - they have turned", "*māgôr*": "noun, masculine singular - terror", "*missāḇîḇ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - from surrounding/all around", "*nəʾum*-*YHWH*": "construct phrase - declaration of YHWH" }, "variants": { "*ḥattîm*": "dismayed/terrified/broken", "*nəsōgîm*": "retreating/drawing back/turning away", "*gibbôrêhem*": "their mighty men/warriors/heroes", "*yukkattû*": "are beaten down/defeated/crushed", "*mānôs*": "fleeing/flight/escape", "*nāsû*": "they have fled/escaped/run away", "*hipnû*": "they have turned/faced/looked back", "*māgôr*": "terror/fear/dread" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Hva ser jeg? De er redde og trekker seg tilbake! Deres tapre menn faller, de flykter i panikk uten å se seg tilbake. Frykt hersker overalt, sier Herren.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Hvorfor ser jeg dem vettskremte, vende om og trekke seg tilbake? Deres mektige er blitt slått og flykter uten å vende seg: frykt omringer dem, sier Herren.

• Norsk King James

  Hvorfor har jeg sett dem skremte og snudd seg bort? For deres mektige har blitt slått ned; de har flyktet i stor fart og ser ikke tilbake; frykt omgir dem, sier Herren.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Hvorfor ser jeg det? De er forskrekket, de vender tilbake, og deres sterke menn er knust. De flykter uten å se seg tilbake, det er frykt på alle kanter, sier Herren.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Hvorfor har jeg sett de redde? De trekker seg tilbake. Deres helter er slått, de har flyktet, uten å snu seg. Overalt er fryktens terror, sier Herren.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Hvorfor ser jeg dem forskremte og vende tilbake? Og deres sterke menn er slått ned og har flyktet raskt uten å se seg tilbake, for frykt er rundt dem, sier Herren.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Derfor har jeg sett dem forbløffe seg og vende om; deres sterke menn er blitt nedkjempet, de har flyktet i all hast uten å se seg tilbake, for frykten har omringet dem, sier Herren.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Hvorfor ser jeg dem forskremte og vende tilbake? Og deres sterke menn er slått ned og har flyktet raskt uten å se seg tilbake, for frykt er rundt dem, sier Herren.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Hvorfor ser jeg dem skrekkslagne og flyktende tilbake? Deres krigere er slått, de flykter uten å snu seg. Det er frykt på alle kanter, sier Herren.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Why do I see them terrified, retreating? Their warriors are beaten down; they flee in haste without looking back—terror is all around! declares the Lord.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Hvorfor ser jeg dem skrekkslagne? De trekker seg tilbake, deres kjemper blir slått ned. De flykter i panikk uten å snu seg. Frykt er rundt dem, sier Herren.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Hvorfor saae jeg (det)? de ere forskrækkede, de have vendt sig tilbage, og deres Vældige ere sønderknuste og flyede fast og saae ikke tilbage, (der var) Rædsel trindt omkring, siger Herren.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Wherefore have I seen them dismayed and turned away back? and their mighty ones are beaten down, and are fled apace, and look not back: for fear was round about, saith the LORD.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Hvorfor ser jeg dem overrasket og snu ryggen? Deres modige menn har falt, de flykter uten å se seg tilbake, for over alt er det frykt, sier Herren.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  Why have I seen them dismayed and turned back? Their mighty ones are beaten down, and have fled quickly, and do not look back: for fear is all around, says the LORD.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Wherefore have I seen them dismayed and turned away back? and their mighty ones are beaten down, and are fled apace, and look not back: for fear was round about, saith the LORD.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Hvorfor har jeg sett dette? De er forvirrede, de trekker seg tilbake; de modige er slått ned, de har flyktet raskt og ser ikke tilbake: skrekk er overalt, sier Herren.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Hvorfor ser jeg dem redde? De trekker seg tilbake, deres mektige er slått ned. De flykter til tilfluktssteder uten å snu seg. Frykt er omkring dem, sier Herren.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Hvorfor har jeg sett det? De er forvirret og har vendt seg tilbake; deres sterke menn er slått ned og har flyktet og ser ikke tilbake: redselen er overalt, sier Herren.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Hva har jeg sett? De er grepet av frykt og snur tilbake; deres krigere er brutt og i flukt, uten å se seg tilbake: frykt er på alle sider, sier Herren.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  But alas, how happeneth it, that I se you so afrayed? why shrecke ye backe? where fore are youre worthies slayne? Yee they runne so fast awaye, that none off them loketh behynde him. Fearfulnesse is fallen vpon euerychone off them, saieth the LORDE.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Wherefore haue I seene them afraid, and driuen backe? For their mighty men are smitten, and are fled away, and looke not backe: for feare was rounde about, sayeth the Lord.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  But alas, howe happeneth it that I see you so afraide? why shrinke ye backe? Their worthyes are slayne, yea they runne so fast away that none of them looketh behinde hym: fearefulnesse is fallen vpon euery one of them saith the Lorde.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Wherefore have I seen them dismayed [and] turned away back? and their mighty ones are beaten down, and are fled apace, and look not back: [for] fear [was] round about, saith the LORD.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Why have I seen it? they are dismayed and are turned backward; and their mighty ones are beaten down, and have fled apace, and don't look back: terror is on every side, says Yahweh.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  Wherefore have I seen them dismayed -- They are turned backward, And their mighty ones are beaten down, And `to' a refuge they have fled, and not turned the face? Fear `is' round about -- an affirmation of Jehovah.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Wherefore have I seen it? they are dismayed and are turned backward; and their mighty ones are beaten down, and are fled apace, and look not back: terror is on every side, saith Jehovah.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  What have I seen? they are overcome with fear and turned back; their men of war are broken and have gone in flight, not looking back: fear is on every side, says the Lord.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Why have I seen it? they are dismayed and are turned backward; and their mighty ones are beaten down, and have fled apace, and don't look back: terror is on every side, says Yahweh.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  “What do I see! The soldiers are frightened. They are retreating. They are being scattered. They have fled for refuge without looking back. Terror is all around them,” says the LORD.

Referenced Verses

• Jer 6:25 : 25 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.6.25", "source": "אַל־*תצאי **תֵּֽצְאוּ֙ הַשָּׂדֶ֔ה וּבַדֶּ֖רֶךְ אַל־*תלכי **תֵּלֵ֑כוּ כִּ֚י חֶ֣רֶב לְאֹיֵ֔ב מָג֖וֹר מִסָּבִֽיב׃", "text": "Do-not you-*tēṣəʾû* the-*śādeh* and-in-the-*dereḵ* do-not you-*tēlēḵû* for *ḥereb* to-the-*ʾōyēb* *māgôr* from-*sābîb*.", "grammar": { "*tēṣəʾû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you will go out", "*śādeh*": "noun, masculine singular - field", "*dereḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - way/road", "*tēlēḵû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you will walk/go", "*ḥereb*": "noun, feminine singular - sword", "*ʾōyēb*": "qal participle, masculine singular - enemy", "*māgôr*": "noun, masculine singular - terror/fear", "*sābîb*": "adverb - around/surrounding" }, "variants": { "*māgôr* *missābîb*": "terror on every side/fear all around", "*tēṣəʾû*": "you will go out/exit/depart", "*ḥereb*": "sword/warfare/destruction" } }
• Jer 49:29 : 29 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.49.29", "source": "אָהֳלֵיהֶ֤ם וְצֹאנָם֙ יִקָּ֔חוּ יְרִיעוֹתֵיהֶ֧ם וְכָל־כְּלֵיהֶ֛ם וּגְמַלֵּיהֶ֖ם יִשְׂא֣וּ לָהֶ֑ם וְקָרְא֧וּ עֲלֵיהֶ֛ם מָג֖וֹר מִסָּבִֽיב", "text": "Their *oholeihem* and their *tsonam* *yiqqakhu*, their *yerioteihem* and all their *keleihem* and their *gemalleihem* *yissu* for themselves; and they *qaru* against them *magor* from *saviv*", "grammar": { "*oholeihem*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural possessive suffix - their tents", "*tsonam*": "noun, common singular + 3rd person masculine plural possessive suffix - their flocks", "*yiqqakhu*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will take", "*yerioteihem*": "noun, feminine plural + 3rd person masculine plural possessive suffix - their curtains/tent cloths", "*keleihem*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural possessive suffix - their vessels/implements", "*gemalleihem*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine plural possessive suffix - their camels", "*yissu*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will carry away", "*qaru*": "qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they have called", "*magor*": "noun, masculine singular - terror/fear", "*saviv*": "adverb - around/surrounding" }, "variants": { "*oholeihem*": "their tents/dwellings", "*tsonam*": "their flocks/sheep", "*yiqqakhu*": "will take/seize/capture", "*yerioteihem*": "their curtains/tent cloths", "*keleihem*": "their vessels/implements/equipment", "*gemalleihem*": "their camels", "*yissu*": "will carry away/lift up/take away", "*qaru*": "have called/proclaimed/cried out", "*magor*": "terror/fear/dread", "*saviv*": "around/surrounding/on every side" } }
• Jer 46:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.46.21", "source": "גַּם־שְׂכִרֶ֤יהָ בְקִרְבָּהּ֙ כְּעֶגְלֵ֣י מַרְבֵּ֔ק כִּֽי־גַם־הֵ֧מָּה הִפְנ֛וּ נָ֥סוּ יַחְדָּ֖יו לֹ֣א עָמָ֑דוּ כִּ֣י י֥וֹם אֵידָ֛ם בָּ֥א עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם עֵ֥ת פְּקֻדָּתָֽם׃", "text": "*Gam*-*śəḵireyhā* in-*qirbāh* like-*ʿeglê* *marbēq*, *kî*-*gam*-*hēmmāh* *hipnû* *nāsû* *yaḥdāw* *lōʾ* *ʿāmādû*; *kî* *yôm* *ʾêdām* *bāʾ* upon-them, *ʿēt* *pəquddātām*.", "grammar": { "*gam*": "adverb - also/even", "*śəḵireyhā*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her hired men", "*qirbāh*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix and preposition (בְּ) - in her midst", "*ʿeglê*": "noun, masculine plural, construct state - calves of", "*marbēq*": "noun, masculine singular - fattening/stall", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*gam*": "adverb - also/even", "*hēmmāh*": "3rd masculine plural independent pronoun - they", "*hipnû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd common plural - they turned", "*nāsû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they fled", "*yaḥdāw*": "adverb - together", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʿāmādû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they stood", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular, construct state - day of", "*ʾêdām*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their calamity", "*bāʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - has come", "*ʿēt*": "noun, feminine singular, construct state - time of", "*pəquddātām*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their punishment" }, "variants": { "*śəḵireyhā*": "her hired men/mercenaries", "*qirbāh*": "her midst/among her", "*ʿeglê* *marbēq*": "fatted calves/calves from the stall", "*hipnû*": "they turned/turned back/turned away", "*nāsû*": "they fled/ran away/escaped", "*ʿāmādû*": "they stood/stood firm/withstood", "*ʾêdām*": "their calamity/disaster/doom", "*pəquddātām*": "their punishment/visitation/accounting" } }
• Gen 19:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Genesis.19.17", "source": "וַיְהִי֩ כְהוֹצִיאָ֨ם אֹתָ֜ם הַח֗וּצָה וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ הִמָּלֵ֣ט עַל־נַפְשֶׁ֔ךָ אַל־תַּבִּ֣יט אַחֲרֶ֔יךָ וְאַֽל־תַּעֲמֹ֖ד בְּכָל־הַכִּכָּ֑ר הָהָ֥רָה הִמָּלֵ֖ט פֶּן־תִּסָּפֶֽה׃", "text": "wə-*yəhî* when-*hôṣîʾām* *ʾōtām* the-*ḥûṣâ* wə-*yōʾmer* *himālêṭ* upon-*nepeš*-your *ʾal*-*tabbiṭ* *ʾaḥareykā* wə-*ʾal*-*taʿamōd* in-all-the-*kikār* to-the-*hārâ* *himālêṭ* lest-*tissāpeh*", "grammar": { "*yəhî*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular apocopated form - it happened/came to pass", "*hôṣîʾām*": "Hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd plural suffix - their bringing out", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd plural suffix - them", "*ḥûṣâ*": "noun with directional suffix - outside/outward", "*yōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he said", "*himālêṭ*": "Niphal imperative masculine singular - escape/flee", "*nepeš*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your life/soul", "*ʾal*": "negative particle with jussive/imperative - do not", "*tabbiṭ*": "Hiphil imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you look", "*ʾaḥareykā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - behind you", "*taʿamōd*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you stand/stay", "*kikār*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the plain/valley/circle", "*hārâ*": "masculine singular noun with directional suffix - to the mountain/hill country", "*tissāpeh*": "Niphal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you be swept away/destroyed" }, "variants": { "*yəhî*": "it happened/it came to pass/it was", "*himālêṭ*": "escape/flee/save yourself", "*nepeš*": "life/soul/self/person", "*tabbiṭ*": "look/gaze/regard", "*taʿamōd*": "stand/stay/remain", "*kikār*": "plain/valley/circle/district", "*tissāpeh*": "be swept away/be destroyed/perish" } }
• 2 Kgs 7:6-7 : 6 { "verseID": "2 Kings.7.6", "source": "וַאדֹנָ֞י הִשְׁמִ֣יעַ ׀ אֶת־מַחֲנֵ֣ה אֲרָ֗ם ק֥וֹל רֶ֙כֶב֙ ק֣וֹל ס֔וּס ק֖וֹל חַ֣יִל גָּד֑וֹל וַיֹּאמְר֞וּ אִ֣ישׁ אֶל־אָחִ֗יו הִנֵּ֣ה שָֽׂכַר־עָלֵינוּ֩ מֶ֨לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל אֶת־מַלְכֵ֧י הַחִתִּ֛ים וְאֶת־מַלְכֵ֥י מִצְרַ֖יִם לָב֥וֹא עָלֵֽינוּ", "text": "And *ʾădōnāy* *hišmîaʿ* *ʾet*-*maḥănê* *ʾărām* *qôl* *reḵeb*, *qôl* *sûs*, *qôl* *ḥayil* *gādôl*; and *wayyōʾmĕrû* *ʾîš* to *ʾāḥîw*, Behold, *śāḵar*-against-us *meleḵ* *Yiśrāʾēl* *ʾet*-*malḵê* the-*Ḥittîm* and-*ʾet*-*malḵê* *Miṣrayim* *lābôʾ* against-us.", "grammar": { "*ʾădōnāy*": "divine name/Lord with 1st plural suffix - my Lord/the Lord", "*hišmîaʿ*": "hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - caused to hear/made hear", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*maḥănê*": "masculine singular construct - camp of", "*ʾărām*": "proper noun - Aram/Syria", "*qôl*": "masculine singular construct - sound of", "*reḵeb*": "masculine singular noun - chariot(s)", "*sûs*": "masculine singular noun - horse", "*ḥayil*": "masculine singular noun - army/force", "*gādôl*": "masculine singular adjective - great/large", "*wayyōʾmĕrû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they said", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man/each man", "*ʾāḥîw*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his brother", "*śāḵar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - has hired", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular construct - king of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*malḵê*": "masculine plural construct - kings of", "*Ḥittîm*": "proper noun with definite article - the Hittites", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*lābôʾ*": "qal infinitive construct with prefixed preposition - to come" }, "variants": { "*ʾădōnāy*": "the Lord/my Lord (referring to God)", "*ḥayil*": "army/military force/strength", "*śāḵar*": "hired/paid/contracted" } } 7 { "verseID": "2 Kings.7.7", "source": "וַיָּקוּמוּ֮ וַיָּנ֣וּסוּ בַנֶּשֶׁף֒ וַיַּעַזְב֣וּ אֶת־אָהֳלֵיהֶ֗ם וְאֶת־סֽוּסֵיהֶם֙ וְאֶת־חֲמֹ֣רֵיהֶ֔ם הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֖ה כַּאֲשֶׁר־הִ֑יא וַיָּנֻ֖סוּ אֶל־נַפְשָֽׁם", "text": "And *wayyāqûmû* and *wayyānûsû* in-the-*nešep*, and *wayyaʿazbû* *ʾet*-*ʾohŏlêhem* and-*ʾet*-*sûsêhem* and-*ʾet*-*ḥămōrêhem*, the-*maḥăneh* as-*ʾăšer*-it, and *wayyānusû* for *napšām*.", "grammar": { "*wayyāqûmû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they arose", "*wayyānûsû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they fled", "*nešep*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the twilight/dawn", "*wayyaʿazbû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they left/abandoned", "*ʾohŏlêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their tents", "*sûsêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their horses", "*ḥămōrêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their donkeys", "*maḥăneh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the camp", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - as/which", "*wayyānusû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they fled", "*napšām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their life/soul" }, "variants": { "*nešep*": "twilight/dusk/dawn", "*wayyānusû ʾel-napšām*": "they fled for their lives/they fled to save themselves" } }
• Isa 19:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Isaiah.19.16", "source": "בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא יִֽהְיֶ֥ה מִצְרַ֖יִם כַּנָּשִׁ֑ים וְחָרַ֣ד ׀ וּפָחַ֗ד מִפְּנֵי֙ תְּנוּפַת֙ יַד־יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת אֲשֶׁר־ה֖וּא מֵנִ֥יף עָלָֽיו׃", "text": "In-the-*yôm* the-*hahûʾ* *yihyeh* *Miṣrayim* like-the-*nāšîm* and-*ḥāraḏ* and-*p̄āḥaḏ* from-*pĕnê* *tĕnûp̄aṯ* *yaḏ*-*YHWH* *ṣĕḇāʾôṯ* which-he *mēnîp̄* upon-him", "grammar": { "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*hahûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - that", "*yihyeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will be", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun, masculine dual/plural - Egypt", "*nāšîm*": "noun, feminine plural - women", "*ḥāraḏ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will tremble", "*p̄āḥaḏ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will fear", "*pĕnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face/presence of", "*tĕnûp̄aṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - waving/brandishing of", "*yaḏ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - hand of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh", "*ṣĕḇāʾôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - hosts/armies", "*mēnîp̄*": "verb, hiphil participle, masculine singular - waving/brandishing" }, "variants": { "*yôm*": "day/time/period", "*yihyeh*": "will be/shall be/exist", "*nāšîm*": "women/wives/females", "*ḥāraḏ*": "will tremble/quake/be afraid/be terrified", "*p̄āḥaḏ*": "will fear/dread/be in terror/be in dread", "*pĕnê*": "face/presence/before", "*tĕnûp̄aṯ*": "waving/brandishing/shaking/lifting", "*yaḏ*": "hand/power/strength", "*mēnîp̄*": "waving/brandishing/lifting/shaking" } }
• Ezek 32:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.32.10", "source": "וַהֲשִׁמּוֹתִ֨י עָלֶ֜יךָ עַמִּ֣ים רַבִּ֗ים וּמַלְכֵיהֶם֙ יִשְׂעֲר֤וּ עָלֶ֙יךָ֙ שַׂ֔עַר בְּעוֹפְפִ֥י חַרְבִּ֖י עַל־פְּנֵיהֶ֑ם וְחָרְד֤וּ לִרְגָעִים֙ אִ֣ישׁ לְנַפְשׁ֔וֹ בְּי֖וֹם מַפַּלְתֶּֽךָ׃", "text": "And *hăshimmôtî* upon you *'ammîm rabbîm* and *malkêhem* *yis'ărû* upon you *sa'ar* in *'ôphĕphî* *ḥarbî* upon-*pĕnêhem* and *ḥārĕdû* to *regā'îm* *'îsh* to *naphshô* in *yôm mappaltekhā*.", "grammar": { "*hăshimmôtî*": "hiphil perfect 1cs - I will cause to be desolate", "*'ammîm rabbîm*": "masculine plural noun + adjective - many peoples", "*malkêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3mp suffix - their kings", "*yis'ărû*": "qal imperfect 3mp - they will bristle/shudder", "*sa'ar*": "masculine singular noun - horror/trembling", "*'ôphĕphî*": "polel infinitive construct with 1cs suffix - my brandishing", "*ḥarbî*": "feminine singular noun with 1cs suffix - my sword", "*pĕnêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3mp suffix - their faces", "*ḥārĕdû*": "qal perfect 3cp - they will tremble", "*regā'îm*": "masculine plural noun - moments", "*'îsh*": "masculine singular noun - man/each one", "*naphshô*": "feminine singular noun with 3ms suffix - his life/soul", "*yôm*": "masculine singular noun - day of", "*mappaltekhā*": "feminine singular noun with 2ms suffix - your downfall" }, "variants": { "*hăshimmôtî*": "I will appall/I will cause to be desolate/I will horrify", "*yis'ărû sa'ar*": "they will shudder with horror/they will tremble greatly", "*'ôphĕphî*": "when I brandish/my waving/my flourishing", "*regā'îm*": "moments/instants/continually", "*mappaltekhā*": "your downfall/your overthrow/your ruin" } }
• Nah 2:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Nahum.2.8", "source": "וְהֻצַּ֖ב גֻּלְּתָ֣ה הֹֽעֲלָ֑תָה וְאַמְהֹתֶ֗יהָ מְנַֽהֲגוֹת֙ כְּק֣וֹל יוֹנִ֔ים מְתֹפְפֹ֖ת עַל־לִבְבֵהֶֽן׃", "text": "And *huṣṣab* *gullətāh* *hōʿălātāh*, and her *ʾamhōteyha* *mənahăgôt* like the *qôl* *yônîm*, *mətōpəpōt* upon their *libəbêhen*.", "grammar": { "*huṣṣab*": "verb, hophal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it is fixed/established/set", "*gullətāh*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - she is uncovered/exposed/exiled", "*hōʿălātāh*": "verb, hophal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she is led away/carried away", "*ʾamhōteyha*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her maidservants", "*mənahăgôt*": "verb, piel participle, feminine plural - leading/guiding/moaning", "*qôl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - sound/voice of", "*yônîm*": "noun, feminine plural - doves", "*mətōpəpōt*": "verb, poel participle, feminine plural - beating/drumming", "*libəbêhen*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person feminine plural suffix - their hearts" }, "variants": { "*huṣṣab*": "fixed/established/determined/decreed", "*gullətāh*": "she is uncovered/exposed/exiled/laid bare", "*hōʿălātāh*": "led away/carried away/taken into exile", "*ʾamhōteyha*": "her maidservants/female slaves", "*mənahăgôt*": "leading/guiding/moaning/lamenting", "*yônîm*": "doves/pigeons", "*mətōpəpōt*": "beating/drumming/striking", "*libəbêhen*": "their hearts/chests/breasts" } }
• Rev 6:15-17 : 15 { "verseID": "Revelation.6.15", "source": "Καὶ οἱ βασιλεῖς τῆς γῆς, καὶ οἱ μεγιστᾶνες, καὶ οἱ πλούσιοι, καὶ οἱ χιλίαρχοι, καὶ οἱ ἰσχυροί, καὶ πᾶς δοῦλος, καὶ πᾶς ἐλεύθερος, ἔκρυψαν ἑαυτοὺς εἰς τὰ σπήλαια καὶ εἰς τὰς πέτρας τῶν ὀρέων·", "text": "And the *basileis* of the *gēs*, and the *megistanes*, and the *plousioi*, and the *chiliarchoi*, and the *ischyroi*, and every *doulos*, and every *eleutheros*, *ekrypsan* themselves into the *spēlaia* and into the *petras* of the *oreōn*;", "grammar": { "*basileis*": "nominative, masculine, plural - kings", "*gēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - earth/land", "*megistanes*": "nominative, masculine, plural - great ones/nobles", "*plousioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - rich ones", "*chiliarchoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - commanders/captains", "*ischyroi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - strong ones/mighty ones", "*doulos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - slave/servant", "*eleutheros*": "nominative, masculine, singular - free person", "*ekrypsan*": "aorist, 3rd person plural - hid", "*spēlaia*": "accusative, neuter, plural - caves", "*petras*": "accusative, feminine, plural - rocks", "*oreōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - of mountains" }, "variants": { "*basileis*": "kings/rulers/monarchs", "*gēs*": "earth/land/world/territory", "*megistanes*": "great ones/nobles/magnates/high officials", "*plousioi*": "rich ones/wealthy people", "*chiliarchoi*": "commanders/military officers/captains of thousands", "*ischyroi*": "strong ones/mighty ones/powerful people", "*doulos*": "slave/servant/bondservant", "*eleutheros*": "free person/freedman", "*ekrypsan*": "hid/concealed", "*spēlaia*": "caves/caverns", "*petras*": "rocks/crags/stone formations", "*oreōn*": "mountains/hills" } } 16 { "verseID": "Revelation.6.16", "source": "Καὶ λέγουσιν τοῖς ὄρεσιν καὶ ταῖς πέτραις, Πέσετε ἐφʼ ἡμᾶς, καὶ κρύψατε ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ προσώπου τοῦ καθημένου ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου, καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς ὀργῆς τοῦ Ἀρνίου:", "text": "And *legousin* to the *oresin* and to the *petrais*, *Pesete* upon us, and *krypsate* us from *prosōpou* of the *kathēmenou* upon the *thronou*, and from the *orgēs* of the *Arniou*:", "grammar": { "*legousin*": "present, 3rd person plural - they say/are saying", "*oresin*": "dative, neuter, plural - to mountains", "*petrais*": "dative, feminine, plural - to rocks", "*Pesete*": "aorist imperative, 2nd person plural - fall", "*krypsate*": "aorist imperative, 2nd person plural - hide", "*prosōpou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - face/presence", "*kathēmenou*": "present participle, genitive, masculine, singular - of the one sitting", "*thronou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of throne", "*orgēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of wrath/anger", "*Arniou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of Lamb" }, "variants": { "*legousin*": "say/tell/speak", "*oresin*": "mountains/hills", "*petrais*": "rocks/crags/stone formations", "*Pesete*": "fall/drop/come down", "*krypsate*": "hide/conceal/cover", "*prosōpou*": "face/presence/appearance", "*kathēmenou*": "one sitting/one who sits/one enthroned", "*thronou*": "throne/seat of authority", "*orgēs*": "wrath/anger/rage", "*Arniou*": "Lamb/little lamb" } } 17 { "verseID": "Revelation.6.17", "source": "Ὅτι ἦλθεν ἡ ἡμέρα ἡ μεγάλη τῆς ὀργῆς αὐτοῦ· καὶ τίς δύναται σταθῆναι;", "text": "Because *ēlthen* the *hēmera* the *megalē* of the *orgēs* of him; and who *dynatai* *stathēnai*?", "grammar": { "*ēlthen*": "aorist, 3rd person singular - came/has come", "*hēmera*": "nominative, feminine, singular - day", "*megalē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - great", "*orgēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of wrath/anger", "*dynatai*": "present middle, 3rd person singular - is able", "*stathēnai*": "aorist passive infinitive - to stand/to be established" }, "variants": { "*ēlthen*": "came/has come/arrived", "*hēmera*": "day/time/period", "*megalē*": "great/large/important", "*orgēs*": "wrath/anger/rage", "*dynatai*": "is able/can/has power", "*stathēnai*": "to stand/to withstand/to remain standing/to endure" } }
• Jer 20:3-4 : 3 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.20.3", "source": "וַֽיְהִי֙ מִֽמָּחֳרָ֔ת וַיֹּצֵ֥א פַשְׁח֛וּר אֶֽת־יִרְמְיָ֖הוּ מִן־הַמַּהְפָּ֑כֶת וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֵלָ֜יו יִרְמְיָ֗הוּ לֹ֤א פַשְׁחוּר֙ קָרָ֤א יְהוָה֙ שְׁמֶ֔ךָ כִּ֖י אִם־מָג֥וֹר מִסָּבִֽיב׃", "text": "And *wayəhî* from *māḥŏrāt* and *wayyōṣēʾ* *Pašḥûr* *ʾet*-*Yirmeyāhû* from-the *mahpāḵet*, and *wayyōʾmer* to him *Yirmeyāhû*, Not *Pašḥûr* *qārāʾ* *YHWH* *šmeḵā* but if-*māgôr* *missābîb*.", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it came to pass", "*māḥŏrāt*": "noun, feminine singular with prepositional prefix - on the next day", "*wayyōṣēʾ*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he brought out", "*Pašḥûr*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Pashhur", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Yirmeyāhû*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jeremiah", "*mahpāḵet*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article and prepositional prefix - from the stocks", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*qārāʾ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - has called", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD", "*šmeḵā*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your name", "*kî*": "conjunction - but/for", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if", "*māgôr*": "noun, masculine singular - terror", "*missābîb*": "preposition + adverb - from around/all around" }, "variants": { "*māḥŏrāt*": "next day/tomorrow/following day", "*wayyōṣēʾ*": "brought out/released/led out", "*māgôr*": "terror/fear/dread", "*missābîb*": "all around/from every side/surrounding" } } 4 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.20.4", "source": "כִּ֣י כֹ֣ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֡ה הִנְנִי֩ נֹתֶנְךָ֨ לְמָג֜וֹר לְךָ֣ וּלְכָל־אֹהֲבֶ֗יךָ וְנָֽפְל֛וּ בְּחֶ֥רֶב אֹיְבֵיהֶ֖ם וְעֵינֶ֣יךָ רֹא֑וֹת וְאֶת־כָּל־יְהוּדָ֗ה אֶתֵּן֙ בְּיַ֣ד מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֔ל וְהִגְלָ֥ם בָּבֶ֖לָה וְהִכָּ֥ם בֶּחָֽרֶב׃", "text": "For thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH*, *hinənî* *nōtenḵā* to *māgôr* to you and to all-*ʾōhăbêḵā*, and *wənāpəlû* by *ḥereb* *ʾōyəbêhem* and *ʿênêḵā* *rōʾôt*, and *ʾet*-all-*Yəhûdāh* *ʾettēn* in *yad* *meleḵ*-*Bābel* and *wəhiglām* *Bābelāh* and *wəhikkām* by *ḥāreb*.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*kōh*": "adverb - thus/so", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said/spoke", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD", "*hinənî*": "interjection with 1st common singular suffix - behold me", "*nōtenḵā*": "qal participle, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - giving you", "*māgôr*": "noun, masculine singular with preposition - for terror", "*ʾōhăbêḵā*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your lovers/friends", "*wənāpəlû*": "waw consecutive + qal perfect, 3rd common plural - and they will fall", "*ḥereb*": "noun, feminine singular with preposition - by sword", "*ʾōyəbêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their enemies", "*ʿênêḵā*": "noun, feminine dual construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your eyes", "*rōʾôt*": "qal participle, feminine plural - seeing", "*Yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*ʾettēn*": "qal imperfect, 1st common singular - I will give", "*yad*": "noun, feminine singular construct with preposition - into hand of", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - king of", "*Bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*wəhiglām*": "waw consecutive + hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he will exile them", "*Bābelāh*": "proper noun with directional suffix - to Babylon", "*wəhikkām*": "waw consecutive + hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he will strike them", "*ḥāreb*": "noun, feminine singular with preposition - by sword" }, "variants": { "*māgôr*": "terror/fear/dread", "*ʾōhăbêḵā*": "your lovers/friends/allies", "*wənāpəlû*": "they will fall/be defeated/die", "*wəhiglām*": "he will exile them/carry them away/deport them", "*wəhikkām*": "he will strike them/kill them/defeat them" } }
• Jer 20:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.20.10", "source": "כִּ֣י שָׁמַ֜עְתִּי דִּבַּ֣ת רַבִּים֮ מָג֣וֹר מִסָּבִיב֒ הַגִּ֙ידוּ֙ וְנַגִּידֶ֔נּוּ כֹּ֚ל אֱנ֣וֹשׁ שְׁלוֹמִ֔י שֹׁמְרֵ֖י צַלְעִ֑י אוּלַ֤י יְפֻתֶּה֙ וְנ֣וּכְלָה ל֔וֹ וְנִקְחָ֥ה נִקְמָתֵ֖נוּ מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃", "text": "For *šāmaʿtî* *dibbat* *rabbîm*, *māgôr* *missābîb*, *haggîdû* and *wənaggîdennû*, all *ʾĕnôš* *šəlômî* *šōmərê* *ṣalʿî*; perhaps *yəputteh* and *wənûḵəlāh* to him, and *wəniqqəḥāh* *niqmātēnû* from him.", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*šāmaʿtî*": "qal perfect, 1st common singular - I have heard", "*dibbat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - evil report of/slander of", "*rabbîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - many", "*māgôr*": "noun, masculine singular - terror", "*missābîb*": "preposition + adverb - from around/all around", "*haggîdû*": "hiphil imperative, masculine plural - declare/report", "*wənaggîdennû*": "waw + hiphil imperfect, 1st common plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and we will report him", "*ʾĕnôš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - man of", "*šəlômî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st common singular suffix - my peace", "*šōmərê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - watchers of", "*ṣalʿî*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st common singular suffix - my limping/stumbling", "*ʾûlay*": "adverb - perhaps", "*yəputteh*": "pual imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will be enticed", "*wənûḵəlāh*": "waw + qal imperfect, 1st common plural - and we will prevail", "*wəniqqəḥāh*": "waw + qal imperfect, 1st common plural cohortative - and let us take", "*niqmātēnû*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st common plural suffix - our vengeance", "*mimmennû*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - from him" }, "variants": { "*dibbat*": "evil report/slander/whispering", "*māgôr missābîb*": "terror on every side/fear all around", "*ʾĕnôš šəlômî*": "men of my peace/my friends/those at peace with me", "*šōmərê ṣalʿî*": "watchers of my limping/those who watch for my fall/those observing my weakness", "*yəputteh*": "he will be enticed/persuaded/deceived", "*wənûḵəlāh*": "we will prevail/overcome/succeed against", "*niqmātēnû*": "our vengeance/revenge/retribution" } }
• Jer 46:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.46.15", "source": "מַדּ֖וּעַ נִסְחַ֣ף אַבִּירֶ֑יךָ לֹ֣א עָמַ֔ד כִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה הֲדָפֽוֹ׃", "text": "*Maddûaʿ* *nisḥap* *ʾabbîreḵā*? *Lōʾ* *ʿāmad*, *kî* *YHWH* *hădāpô*.", "grammar": { "*maddûaʿ*": "interrogative adverb - why", "*nisḥap*": "niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - is swept away", "*ʾabbîreḵā*": "adjective, masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your mighty ones", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʿāmad*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he stood", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*hădāpô*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - drove him away" }, "variants": { "*nisḥap*": "is swept away/carried off/driven back", "*ʾabbîreḵā*": "your mighty ones/bulls/strong ones", "*ʿāmad*": "stood/remained/withstood", "*hădāpô*": "drove him away/thrust him down/pushed him" } }