1 Samuel 16:1

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

The LORD said to Samuel, "How long will you grieve over Saul, since I have rejected him as king over Israel? Fill your horn with oil and go; I am sending you to Jesse of Bethlehem, for I have chosen a king for myself among his sons."

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־שְׁמוּאֵ֗ל עַד־מָתַי֙ אַתָּה֙ מִתְאַבֵּ֣ל אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל וַאֲנִ֣י מְאַסְתִּ֔יו מִמְּלֹ֖ךְ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל מַלֵּ֨א קַרְנְךָ֜ שֶׁ֗מֶן וְלֵ֤ךְ אֶֽשְׁלָחֲךָ֙ אֶל־יִשַׁ֣י בֵּֽית־הַלַּחְמִ֔י כִּֽי־רָאִ֧יתִי בְּבָנָ֛יו לִ֖י מֶֽלֶךְ׃

Transliteration

And wə-yōʾmer Yəhwāh to Šəmûʾēl, "until when you mitʾabbēl for Šāʾûl, and I have māʾastî him from mimmə̆lōḵ over Yiśrāʾēl? Fill your qarnəḵā šemen and wə-lēḵ I will ʾešlāḥăḵā you to Yišay bêt-hallaḥmî, for I have rāʾîtî among his sons for me meleḵ."

Grammar Details

• *wə-yōʾmer*: waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said
• *Yəhwāh*: proper noun, divine name - LORD/YHWH
• *Šəmûʾēl*: proper noun - Samuel
• *mitʾabbēl*: Hithpael participle, masculine singular - mourning/grieving
• *Šāʾûl*: proper noun - Saul
• *māʾastî*: Qal perfect, 1st singular - I have rejected
• *mimmə̆lōḵ*: preposition min + Qal infinitive construct - from reigning/being king
• *Yiśrāʾēl*: proper noun - Israel
• *qarnəḵā*: noun, feminine singular construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your horn
• *šemen*: noun, masculine singular - oil
• *wə-lēḵ*: waw conjunction + Qal imperative, masculine singular - and go
• *ʾešlāḥăḵā*: Qal imperfect, 1st singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - I will send you
• *Yišay*: proper noun - Jesse
• *bêt-hallaḥmî*: construct phrase - Bethlehemite (lit. 'house of the Bethlehemite')
• *rāʾîtî*: Qal perfect, 1st singular - I have seen/provided
• *meleḵ*: noun, masculine singular - king

Word Meanings

• *mitʾabbēl*: mourning/grieving/lamenting
• *māʾastî*: rejected/refused/despised
• *qarnəḵā*: your horn/vessel/strength
• *šemen*: oil/anointing oil/fat
• *rāʾîtî*: seen/provided/selected

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And the LORD said unto Samuel, How long wilt thou mourn for Saul, seeing I have rejected him from reigning over Israel? fill thine horn with oil, and go, I will send thee to Jesse the Beth-lehemite: for I have provided me a king among his sons.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And the LORD said to Samuel, How long will you mourn for Saul, seeing I have rejected him from reigning over Israel? Fill your horn with oil and go; I will send you to Jesse the Bethlehemite, for I have provided for myself a king among his sons.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And the LORD said unto Samuel, How long wilt thou mourn for Saul, seeing I have rejected him from reigning over Israel? fill thine horn with oil, and go, I will send thee to Jesse the Bethlehemite: for I have provided me a king among his sons.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And Jehovah{H3068} said{H559} unto Samuel,{H8050} How long wilt thou mourn{H56} for Saul,{H7586} seeing I have rejected{H3988} him from being king{H4427} over Israel?{H3478} fill{H4390} thy horn{H7161} with oil,{H8081} and go:{H3212} I will send{H7971} thee to Jesse{H3448} the Beth-lehemite;{H1022} for I have provided{H7200} me a king{H4428} among his sons.{H1121}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And the LORD{H3068} said{H559}{(H8799)} unto Samuel{H8050}, How long wilt thou mourn{H56}{(H8693)} for Saul{H7586}, seeing I have rejected{H3988}{(H8804)} him from reigning{H4427}{(H8800)} over Israel{H3478}? fill{H4390}{(H8761)} thine horn{H7161} with oil{H8081}, and go{H3212}{(H8798)}, I will send{H7971}{(H8799)} thee to Jesse{H3448} the Bethlehemite{H1022}: for I have provided{H7200}{(H8804)} me a king{H4428} among his sons{H1121}.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And ye LORDE sayde vnto Samuel: How longe mournest thou for Saul, whom I haue refused, that he shulde not be kynge ouer Israel? Fyll thine horne with oyle, go thy waye, I wyll sende the to Isai the Bethleemite: for amonge his sonnes haue I prouyded me a kynge.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  The Lord then saide vnto Samuel, Howe long wilt thou mourne for Saul, seeing I haue cast him away from reigning ouer Israel? Fill thine horne with oyle and come, I will sende thee to Ishai the Bethlehemite: for I haue prouided mee a King among his sonnes.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  The Lorde sayd vnto Samuel: Howe long wilt thou mourne for Saul, seing I haue cast him away from raigning ouer Israel? Fill thyne horne with oyntment, and come, that I may send thee to Isai the Bethlemite: for I haue prouided me a king among his sonnes.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  ¶ And the LORD said unto Samuel, How long wilt thou mourn for Saul, seeing I have rejected him from reigning over Israel? fill thine horn with oil, and go, I will send thee to Jesse the Bethlehemite: for I have provided me a king among his sons.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Yahweh said to Samuel, How long will you mourn for Saul, seeing I have rejected him from being king over Israel? fill your horn with oil, and go: I will send you to Jesse the Bethlehemite; for I have provided me a king among his sons.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And Jehovah saith unto Samuel, `Till when art thou mourning for Saul, and I have rejected him from reigning over Israel? fill thy horn with oil, and go, I send thee unto Jesse the Beth-Lehemite, for I have seen among his sons for Myself a king.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And Jehovah said unto Samuel, How long wilt thou mourn for Saul, seeing I have rejected him from being king over Israel? fill thy horn with oil, and go: I will send thee to Jesse the Beth-lehemite; for I have provided me a king among his sons.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And Jehovah said unto Samuel, How long wilt thou mourn for Saul, seeing I have rejected him from being king over Israel? fill thy horn with oil, and go: I will send thee to Jesse the Beth-lehemite; for I have provided me a king among his sons.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And the Lord said to Samuel, How long will you go on sorrowing for Saul, seeing that I have put him from his place as king over Israel? Take oil in your vessel and go; I will send you to Jesse, the Beth-lehemite: for I have got a king for myself among his sons.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Yahweh said to Samuel, "How long will you mourn for Saul, since I have rejected him from being king over Israel? Fill your horn with oil, and go. I will send you to Jesse the Bethlehemite; for I have provided a king for myself among his sons."

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Samuel Anoints David as King The LORD said to Samuel,“How long do you intend to mourn for Saul? I have rejected him as king over Israel. Fill your horn with olive oil and go! I am sending you to Jesse in Bethlehem, for I have selected a king for myself from among his sons.”

Referenced Verses

• 1 Sam 15:23 : 23 For rebellion is like the sin of divination, and defiance is like iniquity and idolatry. Because you have rejected the word of the LORD, He has rejected you as king.
• 1 Sam 15:35 : 35 Samuel never saw Saul again until the day of his death. Nevertheless, Samuel mourned for Saul, and the LORD regretted that He had made Saul king over Israel.
• 1 Sam 9:16 : 16 "About this time tomorrow, I will send you a man from the land of Benjamin. You shall anoint him as ruler over my people Israel. He will deliver my people from the hand of the Philistines, for I have seen my people and their cry has reached me."
• 1 Sam 10:1 : 1 Then Samuel took the flask of oil, poured it on Saul’s head, kissed him, and said, 'Has not the LORD anointed you as ruler over His inheritance?'
• 2 Kgs 9:1 : 1 Elisha the prophet called one of the sons of the prophets and said to him, 'Gird your loins, take this flask of oil in your hand, and go to Ramoth-Gilead.'
• 1 Sam 13:13-14 : 13 Samuel said to Saul, "You have acted foolishly. You have not kept the command of the Lord your God, which He gave you. If you had, the Lord would have established your kingdom over Israel forever. 14 But now your kingdom will not endure. The Lord has sought a man after His own heart and appointed him leader over His people, because you have not kept what the Lord commanded you."
• 1 Sam 15:26 : 26 But Samuel replied to Saul, 'I will not go back with you, because you have rejected the word of the LORD, and the LORD has rejected you from being king over Israel.'
• Rom 15:12 : 12 And again, Isaiah says: 'The root of Jesse will come, the one who rises to rule the Gentiles; in Him the Gentiles will hope.'
• 1 Sam 16:15 : 15 Saul's servants said to him, "Behold, an evil spirit from God is tormenting you."
• 1 Sam 16:23 : 23 Whenever the spirit from God came upon Saul, David would take the lyre and play. Then relief would come to Saul; he would feel better, and the evil spirit would leave him.
• Gen 49:8-9 : 8 'Judah, your brothers will praise you; your hand will be on the neck of your enemies, and your father's sons will bow down to you.' 9 'Judah is a lion's cub; from the prey, my son, you have gone up. He stoops down, he crouches like a lion, and like a lioness—who dares to rouse him? 10 'The scepter will not depart from Judah, nor the ruler's staff from between his feet, until he to whom it belongs shall come, and the obedience of the peoples shall be his.'
• Ruth 4:17-22 : 17 The women living there said, 'Naomi has a son!' And they named him Obed. He was the father of Jesse, the father of David. 18 Now these are the generations of Perez: Perez fathered Hezron, 19 Hezron fathered Ram, and Ram fathered Amminadab, 20 Amminadab fathered Nahshon, and Nahshon fathered Salmon, 21 Salmon fathered Boaz, and Boaz fathered Obed, 22 Obed fathered Jesse, and Jesse fathered David.
• 1 Sam 15:11 : 11 I regret that I have made Saul king, for he has turned away from following me and has not carried out my commands. This grieved Samuel, and he cried out to the LORD all night.
• 2 Kgs 9:3 : 3 Then take the flask of oil and pour it on his head, saying, 'This is what the LORD says: I anoint you as king over Israel.' Then open the door and flee; do not delay!
• 2 Kgs 9:6 : 6 Jehu got up and went into the house. The young prophet poured the oil on his head and said, 'This is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: I anoint you king over the LORD's people, Israel.'
• 1 Chr 2:10-15 : 10 Ram fathered Amminadab, and Amminadab fathered Nahshon, the leader of the sons of Judah. 11 Nahshon fathered Salma, and Salma fathered Boaz. 12 Boaz fathered Obed, and Obed fathered Jesse. 13 Jesse fathered his firstborn, Eliab; Abinadab, the second; and Shimea, the third; 14 Nethanel, the fourth; Raddai, the fifth; 15 Ozem, the sixth; and David, the seventh.
• Ps 78:68-71 : 68 But He chose the tribe of Judah, Mount Zion, which He loved. 69 He built His sanctuary like the heights, like the earth that He established forever. 70 He chose David His servant and took him from the sheepfolds. 71 From tending the nursing ewes, He brought him to shepherd Jacob, His people, and Israel, His inheritance.
• Ps 89:19-20 : 19 Indeed, the LORD is our shield, and the Holy One of Israel is our King. 20 You spoke in a vision to your faithful ones and said, 'I have granted help to a mighty one; I have exalted a chosen one from among the people.'
• Isa 11:1 : 1 A shoot will come forth from the trunk of Jesse, and a branch from his roots will bear fruit.
• Isa 11:10 : 10 In that day, the root of Jesse will stand as a signal for the peoples. The nations will seek him, and his resting place will be glorious.
• Isa 55:4 : 4 See, I have made him a witness to the nations, a leader and commander of the peoples.
• Jer 6:30 : 30 They are called rejected silver, for the LORD has rejected them.
• Jer 7:16 : 16 As for you, do not pray for this people, do not raise a cry or prayer for them, and do not intercede with me, for I will not listen to you.
• Jer 11:14 : 14 As for you, do not pray for this people or lift up a cry or petition for them, for I will not listen to them when they cry out to me because of their disaster.
• Jer 14:11-12 : 11 Then the LORD said to me, "Do not pray for the well-being of this people." 12 Even if they fast, I will not listen to their cry; even if they offer burnt offerings and grain offerings, I will not accept them. Instead, I will consume them by sword, famine, and plague.
• Jer 15:1 : 1 Then the LORD said to me: 'Even if Moses and Samuel were to stand before Me, My heart would not go out to these people. Send them away from My presence and let them go.'
• Acts 13:21-22 : 21 Then they asked for a king, and God gave them Saul, the son of Kish, a man of the tribe of Benjamin, who ruled for forty years. 22 After removing him, He raised up David to be their king, about whom He testified, 'I have found David, the son of Jesse, to be a man after My own heart, who will do all My will.'
• 1 John 5:16 : 16 If anyone sees a brother or sister committing a sin that does not lead to death, they should pray, and God will give life to them—those whose sin does not lead to death. There is a sin that leads to death; I am not saying that one should pray about that.