Genesis 19:28

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

He looked down toward Sodom and Gomorrah and the entire plain, and he saw that smoke was rising from the land like smoke from a furnace.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיַּשְׁקֵ֗ף עַל־פְּנֵ֤י סְדֹם֙ וַעֲמֹרָ֔ה וְעַֽל־כָּל־פְּנֵ֖י אֶ֣רֶץ הַכִּכָּ֑ר וַיַּ֗רְא וְהִנֵּ֤ה עָלָה֙ קִיטֹ֣ר הָאָ֔רֶץ כְּקִיטֹ֖ר הַכִּבְשָֽׁן׃

Transliteration

wə-yaškêp upon-pənêy Sədōm wə-ʿĂmōrâ wə-upon-all-pənêy ʾereṣ the-kikār wə-yarʾ wə-hinnêh ʿālâ qîṭōr the-ʾāreṣ like-qîṭōr the-kibšān

Grammar Details

• *yaškêp*: Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he looked down
• *pənêy*: masculine plural construct - face of
• *Sədōm*: proper noun - Sodom
• *ʿĂmōrâ*: proper noun - Gomorrah
• *ʾereṣ*: feminine singular construct - land of
• *kikār*: feminine singular noun with definite article - the plain/valley/circle
• *yarʾ*: Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he saw
• *hinnêh*: demonstrative particle - behold/look
• *ʿālâ*: Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - it went up
• *qîṭōr*: masculine singular construct - smoke of
• *ʾāreṣ*: feminine singular noun with definite article - the land/earth
• *kibšān*: masculine singular noun with definite article - the furnace/kiln

Word Meanings

• *yaškêp*: looked down/gazed down/looked out
• *pənêy*: face of/surface of/region of
• *kikār*: plain/valley/circle/district
• *ʿālâ*: went up/ascended/rose
• *qîṭōr*: smoke/vapor
• *kibšān*: furnace/kiln

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And he looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward all the land of the plain, and beheld, and, lo, the smoke of the country went up as the smoke of a furnace.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And he looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward all the land of the plain, and he saw, and behold, the smoke of the land went up like the smoke of a furnace.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And he looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward all the land of the plain, and beheld, and, lo, the smoke of the country went up as the smoke of a furnace.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  and he looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward all the land of the Plain, and beheld, and, lo, the smoke of the land went up as the smoke of a furnace.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And he looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward all the land of the plain, and beheld, and, lo, the smoke of the country went up as the smoke of a furnace.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  and loked toward Sodome and Gomorra and toward all the londe of that contre. And as he loked: beholde the smoke of the contre arose as it had bene the smoke of a fornace.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  and turned his face towarde Sodoma and Gomorra, and all ye londe of that countre, and loked. And beholde, there rose vp a smoke from ye countre, as it had bene ye smoke of a fornace.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And looking towarde Sodom and Gomorah and toward all the land of the plaine, behold, he sawe the smoke of the lande mounting vp as the smoke of a fornace.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And behelde, and lo the smoke of the countrey arose, as the smoke of a furnesse.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And he looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward all the land of the plain, and beheld, and, lo, the smoke of the country went up as the smoke of a furnace.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  He looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward all the land of the plain, and looked, and saw that the smoke of the land went up as the smoke of a furnace.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and he looketh on the face of Sodom and Gomorrah, and on all the face of the land of the circuit, and seeth, and lo, the smoke of the land went up as smoke of the furnace.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and he looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward all the land of the Plain, and beheld, and, lo, the smoke of the land went up as the smoke of a furnace.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and he looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward all the land of the Plain, and beheld, and, lo, the smoke of the land went up as the smoke of a furnace.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And looking in the direction of Sodom and Gomorrah and the lowland, he saw the smoke of the land going up like the smoke of an oven.

• World English Bible (2000)

  He looked toward Sodom and Gomorrah, and toward all the land of the plain, and looked, and saw that the smoke of the land went up as the smoke of a furnace.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  He looked out toward Sodom and Gomorrah and all the land of that region. As he did so, he saw the smoke rising up from the land like smoke from a furnace.

Referenced Verses

• Rev 18:9 : 9 The kings of the earth who committed sexual immorality with her and lived in luxury will weep and mourn over her when they see the smoke of her burning.
• Rev 18:18 : 18 And they cried out as they watched the smoke of her burning, saying, 'What city is like the great city?'
• Rev 19:3 : 3 And again they said, 'Hallelujah! The smoke from her rises forever and ever.'
• Rev 21:8 : 8 But as for the cowardly, the unbelieving, the detestable, murderers, the sexually immoral, sorcerers, idolaters, and all liars, their portion will be in the lake that burns with fire and sulfur, which is the second death.
• Ps 107:34 : 34 and a fruitful land into a salt waste, because of the wickedness of those who dwell there.
• 2 Pet 2:7 : 7 and if He rescued righteous Lot, who was distressed by the depraved conduct of the lawless,
• Jude 1:7 : 7 In the same way, Sodom and Gomorrah and the surrounding cities, which likewise indulged in sexual immorality and pursued unnatural desires, serve as an example by undergoing the punishment of eternal fire.
• Rev 9:2 : 2 He opened the shaft of the abyss, and smoke rose out of the shaft like the smoke of a great furnace. The sun and the air were darkened by the smoke from the shaft.
• Rev 14:10-11 : 10 they too will drink the wine of God's wrath, which has been poured full strength into the cup of His anger. They will be tormented with fire and sulfur in the presence of the holy angels and the Lamb. 11 The smoke of their torment will rise forever and ever. There will be no rest day or night for those who worship the beast and its image, or for anyone who receives the mark bearing its name."