Psalms 18:43

Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

I grind them as fine as dust before the wind; I pour them out like mud in the streets.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְֽאֶשְׁחָקֵ֗ם כְּעָפָ֥ר עַל־פְּנֵי־ר֑וּחַ כְּטִ֖יט חוּצ֣וֹת אֲרִיקֵֽם׃

Transliteration

And eshchaqem like afar upon-peney-ruach like tit chutsot ariqem.

Grammar Details

• *eshchaqem*: qal imperfect with waw-consecutive, 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and I pulverized them
• *afar*: masculine singular noun - dust
• *peney*: construct state, masculine plural - face of
• *ruach*: feminine singular noun - wind
• *tit*: masculine singular noun - mud/clay
• *chutsot*: masculine plural noun - streets
• *ariqem*: hifil imperfect, 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - I will empty them

Word Meanings

• *eshchaqem*: I pulverized them/I crushed them/I ground them
• *afar*: dust/dirt/powder
• *peney*: face of/surface of
• *ruach*: wind/breath/spirit
• *tit*: mud/clay/mire
• *chutsot*: streets/outside places/public areas
• *ariqem*: I will empty them/I will pour them out/I will tread them down

Other Translations

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Thou hast delivered me from the strivings of the people; and thou hast made me the head of the heathen: a people whom I have not known shall serve me.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  You have delivered me from the strivings of the people; you have made me the head of the nations: a people whom I have not known shall serve me.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Thou hast delivered me from the strivings of the people; and thou hast made me the head of the heathen: a people whom I have not known shall serve me.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Thou hast delivered{H6403} me from the strivings{H7379} of the people;{H5971} Thou hast made{H7760} me the head{H7218} of the nations:{H1471} A people{H5971} whom I have not known{H3045} shall serve{H5647} me.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Thou hast delivered{H6403}{(H8762)} me from the strivings{H7379} of the people{H5971}; and thou hast made{H7760}{(H8799)} me the head{H7218} of the heathen{H1471}: a people{H5971} whom I have not known{H3045}{(H8804)} shall serve{H5647}{(H8799)} me.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Thou shalt delyuer me from the stryuinges of the people, thou shalt make me the heade of the Heithe.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Thou hast deliuered me from the contentions of the people: thou hast made me the head of the heathen: a people, whom I haue not knowen, shal serue me.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Thou hast deliuered me from sedition of the people, and thou hast made me head of the heathen: a people whom I haue not knowen serueth me,

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Thou hast delivered me from the strivings of the people; [and] thou hast made me the head of the heathen: a people [whom] I have not known shall serve me.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  You have delivered me from the strivings of the people. You have made me the head of the nations. A people whom I have not known shall serve me.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  Thou dost deliver me From the strivings of the people, Thou placest me for a head of nations, A people I have not known do serve me.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Thou hast delivered me from the strivings of the people; Thou hast made me the head of the nations: A people whom I have not known shall serve me.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Thou hast delivered me from the strivings of the people; Thou hast made me the head of the nations: A people whom I have not known shall serve me.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  You have made me free from the fightings of the people; you have made me the head of the nations: a people of whom I had no knowledge will be my servants.

• World English Bible (2000)

  You have delivered me from the strivings of the people. You have made me the head of the nations. A people whom I have not known shall serve me.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  You rescue me from a hostile army; you make me a leader of nations; people over whom I had no authority are now my subjects.

Referenced Verses

• 2 Sam 3:1 : 1 The war between the house of Saul and the house of David lasted a long time. David grew stronger and stronger, while the house of Saul grew weaker and weaker.
• Isa 55:5 : 5 Surely you will summon a nation you do not know, and a nation that does not know you will run to you because of the LORD your God, the Holy One of Israel, for he has glorified you.
• Acts 5:31 : 31 God exalted him to His right hand as Prince and Savior, to give repentance to Israel and forgiveness of sins.
• Rom 15:12 : 12 And again, Isaiah says: 'The root of Jesse will come, the one who rises to rule the Gentiles; in Him the Gentiles will hope.'
• Rom 15:18 : 18 I will not dare to speak of anything except what Christ has accomplished through me in leading the Gentiles to obey God by what I have said and done.
• Rom 16:26 : 26 But now revealed and made known through the prophetic writings by the command of the eternal God, so that all the nations might believe and obey him—
• Eph 1:22 : 22 And He put all things under His feet and made Him head over all things for the church,
• 1 Pet 2:10 : 10 Once, you were not a people, but now you are God's people. Once, you had not received mercy, but now you have received mercy.
• Rev 11:15 : 15 The seventh angel sounded his trumpet, and there were loud voices in heaven, saying, "The kingdom of the world has become the kingdom of our Lord and of His Christ, and He will reign forever and ever."
• 2 Sam 19:9 : 9 So the king got up and sat in the gateway. When the people were told, "The king is sitting in the gateway," they all came before him. Meanwhile, the Israelites fled to their homes.
• 2 Sam 22:44-46 : 44 You delivered me from the disputes of my people; you preserved me as the head of nations. A people I did not know serve me. 45 Strangers submit to me; as soon as they hear me, they obey me. 46 Foreigners lose heart; they come trembling out of their strongholds.
• Ps 22:27-28 : 27 The humble will eat and be satisfied; those who seek the LORD will praise him. May your hearts live forever! 28 All the ends of the earth will remember and turn to the LORD, and all the families of the nations will bow down before you,
• Isa 52:15 : 15 so he will startle many nations, and kings will shut their mouths because of him. For what they were not told, they will see, and what they have not heard, they will understand.
• 2 Sam 2:9-9 : 9 There he made him king over Gilead, the Ashurites, Jezreel, Ephraim, Benjamin, and all Israel. 10 Ish-bosheth, son of Saul, was forty years old when he became king over Israel, and he reigned for two years. However, the house of Judah was loyal to David.
• Isa 49:22-23 : 22 This is what the Sovereign Lord says: 'See, I will lift up my hand to the nations and raise my banner to the peoples. They will bring your sons in their arms and carry your daughters on their shoulders.' 23 Kings will be your foster fathers, and their queens your nursing mothers. They will bow down to you with their faces to the ground and lick the dust at your feet. Then you will know that I am the Lord; those who hope in Me will not be disappointed.
• 2 Sam 8:1-9 : 1 After this, David defeated the Philistines and subdued them; he took control of the bridle of the mother-city from the Philistines. 2 David also defeated Moab. He made them lie down on the ground and measured them with a rope. He measured two lengths of rope to put them to death and one full length to let them live, and the Moabites became servants to David, bringing him tribute. 3 David defeated Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah, when he went to restore his control over the Euphrates River. 4 From Hadadezer, David captured a thousand chariots, seven hundred horsemen, and twenty thousand foot soldiers. He hamstrung all the chariot horses but spared enough horses for a hundred chariots. 5 When the Arameans of Damascus came to help Hadadezer, king of Zobah, David struck down twenty-two thousand of them. 6 Then David stationed garrisons in Aram of Damascus, and the Arameans became his servants, bringing tribute. The LORD gave David victory wherever he went. 7 David took the gold shields that belonged to the officers of Hadadezer and brought them to Jerusalem. 8 From Betah and Berothai, cities of Hadadezer, King David took a great amount of bronze. 9 When Toi, king of Hamath, heard that David had defeated the entire army of Hadadezer, 10 he sent his son Joram to King David to ask for peace and to congratulate him on his victory over Hadadezer, who had been at war with Toi. Joram brought with him articles of silver, gold, and bronze. 11 King David dedicated these articles to the LORD, along with the silver and gold he had dedicated from all the nations he had subdued: 12 from Aram, Moab, the Ammonites, the Philistines, Amalek, and the spoil of Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah. 13 David gained renown when he returned after striking down eighteen thousand Arameans in the Valley of Salt. 14 He stationed garrisons throughout Edom, and all the Edomites became David's subjects. The LORD gave David victory wherever he went. 15 David reigned over all Israel, administering justice and righteousness to all his people. 16 Joab son of Zeruiah was over the army, and Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the recorder. 17 Zadok son of Ahitub and Ahimelech son of Abiathar were priests, and Seraiah was the scribe. 18 Benaiah son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and Pelethites, and David's sons were priests.
• 2 Sam 10:1-9 : 1 After this, the king of the Ammonites died, and his son Hanun became king in his place. 2 Then David said, 'I will show kindness to Hanun, the son of Nahash, just as his father showed kindness to me.' So David sent his servants to console Hanun about his father. But when David’s servants arrived in the land of the Ammonites, 3 the officials of the Ammonites said to Hanun, their lord, 'Do you really think David is honoring your father by sending comforters to you? Isn’t it rather to investigate, spy out the city, and overthrow it that David has sent his servants to you?' 4 So Hanun seized David's servants, shaved off half of their beards, cut off their garments at the hips, exposing their buttocks, and sent them away. 5 When this was reported to David, he sent messengers to meet them, for the men were greatly humiliated. The king said, 'Stay at Jericho until your beards grow back, and then return.' 6 When the Ammonites realized they had become odious to David, they hired twenty thousand Aramean foot soldiers from Beth-Rehob and Zobah, as well as the king of Maacah with one thousand men, and twelve thousand men from Tob. 7 When David heard of this, he sent Joab and all the army of mighty warriors. 8 The Ammonites came out and drew up in battle formation at the entrance of the city gate, while the Arameans from Zobah and Rehob, along with the men of Tob and Maacah, were stationed by themselves in the open field. 9 When Joab saw that battle lines were drawn up against him both in front and behind, he chose some of the select men of Israel and arrayed them against the Arameans. 10 He placed the rest of the people under the command of his brother Abishai, who arrayed them against the Ammonites. 11 Joab said, 'If the Arameans are too strong for me, then you will help me; but if the Ammonites are too strong for you, then I will come to help you.' 12 Be strong, and let us show strength for the sake of our people and the cities of our God. May the LORD do what seems good to Him. 13 Joab and the troops with him advanced to fight the Arameans, and they fled before him. 14 When the Ammonites saw that the Arameans had fled, they also fled before Abishai and entered the city. Then Joab returned from fighting against the Ammonites and went back to Jerusalem. 15 When the Arameans saw that they had been defeated by Israel, they gathered themselves together. 16 Hadadezer sent for the Arameans who were beyond the Euphrates River. They came to Helam, led by Shobach, the commander of Hadadezer’s army. 17 When David was informed, he gathered all Israel, crossed the Jordan, and came to Helam. The Arameans formed their battle lines to meet David and fought against him. 18 But the Arameans fled before Israel. David killed seven hundred Aramean charioteers and forty thousand horsemen. He also struck down Shobach, the commander of their army, who died there. 19 When all the kings who were vassals of Hadadezer saw that they had been defeated by Israel, they made peace with Israel and became subject to them. So the Arameans were afraid to help the Ammonites anymore.
• 2 Sam 5:1-9 : 1 Then all the tribes of Israel came to David at Hebron and said, "Here we are, your own flesh and blood." 2 "In the past, even when Saul was king over us, you were the one who led Israel out and brought them back. And the LORD said to you, ‘You will shepherd my people Israel, and you will become their ruler.’” 3 So all the elders of Israel came to the king at Hebron, and King David made a covenant with them at Hebron before the LORD. Then they anointed David king over Israel. 4 David was thirty years old when he became king, and he reigned for forty years. 5 In Hebron, he reigned over Judah for seven years and six months, and in Jerusalem, he reigned over all Israel and Judah for thirty-three years. 6 The king and his men went to Jerusalem against the Jebusites, the inhabitants of the land, who said to David, "You will not come in here; even the blind and the lame can stop you." They thought, "David cannot get in here." 7 But David captured the stronghold of Zion, which is now the City of David. 8 On that day, David said, "Whoever strikes the Jebusites should attack via the water shaft to reach the lame and the blind, who are despised by David." Because of this, it is said, "The blind and the lame will not enter the house." 9 David took up residence in the stronghold and named it the City of David. He built it up all around, from the Millo inward. 10 David continued to grow in power, and the LORD God of hosts was with him. 11 Hiram, king of Tyre, sent messengers to David, along with cedar logs, carpenters, and stonemasons, and they built a palace for David. 12 Then David knew that the LORD had established him as king over Israel and had exalted his kingdom for the sake of his people Israel. 13 After coming from Hebron, David took more concubines and wives from Jerusalem, and more sons and daughters were born to him. 14 These are the names of the children born to him in Jerusalem: Shammua, Shobab, Nathan, and Solomon, 15 Ibhar, Elishua, Nepheg, Japhia, 16 Elishama, Eliada, and Eliphelet. 17 When the Philistines heard that David had been anointed as king over Israel, they went up in full force to search for him. But David heard of it and went down to the stronghold. 18 The Philistines came and spread out in the Valley of Rephaim. 19 David inquired of the LORD, saying, "Should I go up against the Philistines? Will you deliver them into my hand?" The LORD said to David, "Go up, for I will certainly deliver the Philistines into your hand." 20 So David went to Baal Perazim, where he defeated them. He said, "The LORD has broken through my enemies before me like a rushing flood." Therefore, that place is called Baal Perazim. 21 The Philistines abandoned their idols there, and David and his men carried them away. 22 The Philistines came up again and spread out in the Valley of Rephaim. 23 When David inquired of the LORD, He said, "Do not go straight up, but circle around behind them and attack them in front of the balsam trees. 24 When you hear the sound of marching in the tops of the balsam trees, act quickly, because that will mean the LORD has gone out ahead of you to strike the Philistine army." 25 So David did as the LORD commanded him, and he struck down the Philistines all the way from Geba to Gezer.
• Ps 108:9 : 9 Gilead is mine; Manasseh is mine; Ephraim is my helmet for my head, Judah is my scepter.
• Isa 49:6 : 6 He says, 'It is too small a thing for you to be my servant to restore the tribes of Jacob and bring back the preserved ones of Israel. I will also make you a light to the nations so that you may bring my salvation to the ends of the earth.'