12{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.17.12",
"source": "וְדָוִד֩ בֶּן־אִ֨ישׁ אֶפְרָתִ֜י הַזֶּ֗ה מִבֵּ֥ית לֶ֙חֶם֙ יְהוּדָ֔ה וּשְׁמ֣וֹ יִשַׁ֔י וְל֖וֹ שְׁמֹנָ֣ה בָנִ֑ים וְהָאִישׁ֙ בִּימֵ֣י שָׁא֔וּל זָקֵ֖ן בָּ֥א בַאֲנָשִֽׁים׃",
"text": "And *Dāwid* [was the] *bēn*-*ʾîš* *ʾep̄rātî* this from *Bêt-leḥem* *Yəhûdâ*, and his *šēm* [was] *Yišay*, and to him [were] eight *bānîm*; and the-*ʾîš* in [the] *yōm* of *Šāʾûl* [was] *zāqēn*, *bôʾ* among men.",
"grammar": {
"*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David",
"*bēn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man",
"*ʾep̄rātî*": "gentilic adjective masculine singular - Ephrathite",
"*Bêt-leḥem*": "proper noun - Bethlehem",
"*Yəhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah",
"*šēm*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his name",
"*Yišay*": "proper noun - Jesse",
"*bānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - sons",
"*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the man",
"*yōm*": "noun, masculine plural construct - days of",
"*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul",
"*zāqēn*": "adjective, masculine singular - old/aged",
"*bôʾ*": "Qal participle masculine singular - coming/going"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾep̄rātî*": "Ephrathite (from Ephrath, an ancient name for Bethlehem)",
"*šēm*": "name/title",
"*zāqēn*": "old/aged/elderly",
"*bôʾ* among men": "advanced in years/elderly among men/well along in years"
}
}
13{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.17.13",
"source": "וַיֵּ֨לְכ֜וּ שְׁלֹ֤שֶׁת בְּנֵֽי־יִשַׁי֙ הַגְּדֹלִ֔ים הָלְכ֥וּ אַחֲרֵי־שָׁא֖וּל לַמִּלְחָמָ֑ה וְשֵׁ֣ם ׀ שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת בָּנָ֗יו אֲשֶׁ֤ר הָלְכוּ֙ בַּמִּלְחָמָ֔ה אֱלִיאָ֣ב הַבְּכ֗וֹר וּמִשְׁנֵ֙הוּ֙ אֲבִ֣ינָדָ֔ב וְהַשְּׁלִשִׁ֖י שַׁמָּֽה׃",
"text": "And *hālaḵ* three *bənê*-*Yišay* the-*gādôl*, they *hālaḵ* after-*Šāʾûl* to the-*milḥāmâ*; and [the] *šēm* [of] his three *bānîm* who *hālaḵ* to the-*milḥāmâ* [were] *ʾĔlîʾāḇ* the-*bəḵôr*, and his *mišneh* *ʾĂḇînādāḇ*, and the-*šəlîšî* *Šammâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*hālaḵ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural with waw-consecutive - they went",
"*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*Yišay*": "proper noun - Jesse",
"*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine plural with definite article - the oldest/eldest",
"*hālaḵ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they went",
"*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul",
"*milḥāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the battle/war",
"*šēm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - name of",
"*bānîm*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons",
"*hālaḵ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they went",
"*ʾĔlîʾāḇ*": "proper noun - Eliab",
"*bəḵôr*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the firstborn",
"*mišneh*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his second",
"*ʾĂḇînādāḇ*": "proper noun - Abinadab",
"*šəlîšî*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the third",
"*Šammâ*": "proper noun - Shammah"
},
"variants": {
"*gādôl*": "great/eldest/oldest",
"*mišneh*": "second/next in order",
"*šəlîšî*": "third/third in order"
}
}
14{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.17.14",
"source": "וְדָוִ֖ד ה֣וּא הַקָּטָ֑ן וּשְׁלֹשָׁה֙ הַגְּדֹלִ֔ים הָלְכ֖וּ אַחֲרֵ֥י שָׁאֽוּל׃",
"text": "And *Dāwid* *hûʾ* the-*qāṭān*; and [the] three the-*gādôl* *hālaḵ* after *Šāʾûl*.",
"grammar": {
"*Dāwid*": "proper noun - David",
"*hûʾ*": "personal pronoun 3rd person masculine singular - he",
"*qāṭān*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the youngest",
"*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine plural with definite article - the oldest/eldest",
"*hālaḵ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they went",
"*Šāʾûl*": "proper noun - Saul"
},
"variants": {
"*hûʾ*": "he/himself/that one",
"*qāṭān*": "small/young/youngest",
"*gādôl*": "great/eldest/oldest"
}
}