1 Samuel 2:8

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.2.8", "source": "מֵקִ֨ים מֵעָפָ֜ר דָּ֗ל מֵֽאַשְׁפֹּת֙ יָרִ֣ים אֶבְי֔וֹן לְהוֹשִׁיב֙ עִם־נְדִיבִ֔ים וְכִסֵּ֥א כָב֖וֹד יַנְחִלֵ֑ם כִּ֤י לַֽיהוָה֙ מְצֻ֣קֵי אֶ֔רֶץ וַיָּ֥שֶׁת עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם תֵּבֵֽל׃", "text": "*mēqîm* from *ʿāfār* *dal*, from *ʾašpōt* *yārîm* *ʾebyôn*, *ləhôšîb* with-*nədîbîm*, and *kissēʾ* of *kābôd* *yanḥîlēm*; because to *YHWH* *məṣuqê* *ʾereṣ*, and *wayyāšet* upon them *tēbēl*.", "grammar": { "*mēqîm*": "Hiphil participle masculine singular - raises up", "*ʿāfār*": "noun masculine singular - dust", "*dal*": "adjective masculine singular - poor/weak", "*ʾašpōt*": "noun masculine/feminine plural construct - ash heap/dunghill", "*yārîm*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - lifts up", "*ʾebyôn*": "adjective masculine singular - needy/poor", "*ləhôšîb*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - to cause to sit/to set", "*nədîbîm*": "adjective masculine plural - nobles/princes", "*kissēʾ*": "noun masculine singular construct - throne of", "*kābôd*": "noun masculine singular - glory/honor", "*yanḥîlēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he causes them to inherit", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*məṣuqê*": "noun masculine plural construct - pillars/foundations of", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun feminine singular - earth/land", "*wayyāšet*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular apocopated - and he set/placed", "*tēbēl*": "noun feminine singular - world/inhabited earth" }, "variants": { "*dal*": "poor/weak/thin/lowly", "*ʾašpōt*": "ash heap/dunghill/refuse pile", "*ʾebyôn*": "needy/poor/destitute", "*nədîbîm*": "nobles/princes/generous ones", "*kābôd*": "glory/honor/splendor", "*məṣuqê*": "pillars/foundations/supports", "*tēbēl*": "world/inhabited earth/habitable land" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

מֵקִ֨ים מֵעָפָ֜ר דָּ֗ל מֵֽאַשְׁפֹּת֙ יָרִ֣ים אֶבְי֔וֹן לְהוֹשִׁיב֙ עִם־נְדִיבִ֔ים וְכִסֵּ֥א כָב֖וֹד יַנְחִלֵ֑ם כִּ֤י לַֽיהוָה֙ מְצֻ֣קֵי אֶ֔רֶץ וַיָּ֥שֶׁת עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם תֵּבֵֽל׃

Transliteration

mēqîm from ʿāfār dal, from ʾašpōt yārîm ʾebyôn, ləhôšîb with-nədîbîm, and kissēʾ of kābôd yanḥîlēm; because to YHWH məṣuqê ʾereṣ, and wayyāšet upon them tēbēl.

Grammar Details

• *mēqîm*: Hiphil participle masculine singular - raises up
• *ʿāfār*: noun masculine singular - dust
• *dal*: adjective masculine singular - poor/weak
• *ʾašpōt*: noun masculine/feminine plural construct - ash heap/dunghill
• *yārîm*: Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - lifts up
• *ʾebyôn*: adjective masculine singular - needy/poor
• *ləhôšîb*: preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - to cause to sit/to set
• *nədîbîm*: adjective masculine plural - nobles/princes
• *kissēʾ*: noun masculine singular construct - throne of
• *kābôd*: noun masculine singular - glory/honor
• *yanḥîlēm*: Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he causes them to inherit
• *YHWH*: divine name - Yahweh/LORD
• *məṣuqê*: noun masculine plural construct - pillars/foundations of
• *ʾereṣ*: noun feminine singular - earth/land
• *wayyāšet*: conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular apocopated - and he set/placed
• *tēbēl*: noun feminine singular - world/inhabited earth

Word Meanings

• *dal*: poor/weak/thin/lowly
• *ʾašpōt*: ash heap/dunghill/refuse pile
• *ʾebyôn*: needy/poor/destitute
• *nədîbîm*: nobles/princes/generous ones
• *kābôd*: glory/honor/splendor
• *məṣuqê*: pillars/foundations/supports
• *tēbēl*: world/inhabited earth/habitable land

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  'He raises the poor from the dust and lifts the needy from the ash heap to sit with nobles and inherit a seat of honor. For the foundations of the earth are the LORD’s; upon them He has set the world.'

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  He raiseth up the poor out of the dust, and lifteth up the beggar from the dunghill, to set them among princes, and to make them inherit the throne of glory: for the pillars of the earth are the LORD'S, and he hath set the world upon them.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  He raises up the poor from the dust, and lifts up the needy from the ashes, to set them among princes and to make them inherit the throne of glory: for the pillars of the earth are the LORD's, and he has set the world upon them.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  He raiseth up the poor out of the dust, and lifteth up the beggar from the dunghill, to set them among princes, and to make them inherit the throne of glory: for the pillars of the earth are the LORD'S, and he hath set the world upon them.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  He raiseth up{H6965} the poor{H1800} out of the dust,{H6083} He lifteth up{H7311} the needy{H34} from the dunghill,{H830} To make them sit{H3427} with princes,{H5081} And inherit{H5157} the throne{H3678} of glory:{H3519} For the pillars{H4690} of the earth{H776} are Jehovah's,{H3068} And he hath set{H7896} the world{H8398} upon them.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  He raiseth up{H6965}{(H8688)} the poor{H1800} out of the dust{H6083}, and lifteth up{H7311}{(H8686)} the beggar{H34} from the dunghill{H830}, to set{H3427}{(H8687)} them among princes{H5081}, and to make them inherit{H5157}{(H8686)} the throne{H3678} of glory{H3519}: for the pillars{H4690} of the earth{H776} are the LORD'S{H3068}, and he hath set{H7896}{(H8799)} the world{H8398} upon them.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  He taketh vp the neady out of the dust, and lifteth vp ye poore out of the myre, that he maye set them amonge the prynces, and to let them inheret the seate of honoure: for the foundacions and corners of the worlde are the LORDES, and he hath set the compase of the earth theron.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  He raiseth vp ye poore out of the dust, and lifteth vp the begger fro the dunghill, to set them among princes, and to make them inherite the seate of glory: for the pillars of the earth are the Lordes, and he hath set the world vpon them.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  He rayseth vp the poore out of the dust, and lyfteth vp the beggar from the dounghyll, to set them among princes, and to make them inherite the seate of glory: For the pyllers of the earth are the lordes, and he hath set the worlde vpon them.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  He raiseth up the poor out of the dust, [and] lifteth up the beggar from the dunghill, to set [them] among princes, and to make them inherit the throne of glory: for the pillars of the earth [are] the LORD'S, and he hath set the world upon them.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  He raises up the poor out of the dust, He lifts up the needy from the dunghill, To make them sit with princes, Inherit the throne of glory: For the pillars of the earth are Yahweh's, He has set the world on them.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  He raiseth from the dust the poor, From a dunghill He lifteth up the needy, To cause `them' to sit with nobles, Yea, a throne of honour He doth cause them to inherit, For to Jehovah `are' the fixtures of earth, And He setteth on them the habitable world.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  He raiseth up the poor out of the dust, He lifteth up the needy from the dunghill, To make them sit with princes, And inherit the throne of glory: For the pillars of the earth are Jehovah's, And he hath set the world upon them.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  He raiseth up the poor out of the dust, He lifteth up the needy from the dunghill, To make them sit with princes, And inherit the throne of glory: For the pillars of the earth are Jehovah's, And he hath set the world upon them.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Lifting the poor out of the dust, and him who is in need out of the lowest place, to give them their place among rulers, and for their heritage the seat of glory: for the pillars of the earth are the Lord's and he has made them the base of the world.

• World English Bible (2000)

  He raises up the poor out of the dust. He lifts up the needy from the dunghill, To make them sit with princes, and inherit the throne of glory. For the pillars of the earth are Yahweh's. He has set the world on them.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  He lifts the weak from the dust; he raises the poor from the ash heap to seat them with princes– he bestows on them an honored position. The foundations of the earth belong to the LORD– he placed the world on them.

Referenced Verses

• Ps 113:7-8 : 7 { "verseID": "Psalms.113.7", "source": "מְקִֽימִ֣י מֵעָפָ֣ר דָּ֑ל מֵֽ֝אַשְׁפֹּ֗ת יָרִ֥ים אֶבְיֽוֹן׃", "text": "*Mǝqîmî* *mē'āpār* *dāl* *mē'ašpōt* *yārîm* *'ebyôn*", "grammar": { "*Mǝqîmî*": "Hiphil participle, masculine singular - raising/lifting up", "*mē'āpār*": "preposition *min* + noun, masculine singular - from dust", "*dāl*": "adjective, masculine singular - poor/weak", "*mē'ašpōt*": "preposition *min* + noun, feminine plural - from ash heaps/refuse piles", "*yārîm*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he lifts up/raises", "*'ebyôn*": "adjective, masculine singular - needy/poor" }, "variants": { "*Mǝqîmî*": "raising/lifting up/establishing", "*dāl*": "poor/weak/low/thin", "*'ašpōt*": "ash heaps/refuse piles/dunghill", "*'ebyôn*": "needy/poor/destitute/beggar" } } 8 { "verseID": "Psalms.113.8", "source": "לְהוֹשִׁיבִ֥י עִם־נְדִיבִ֑ים עִ֝֗ם נְדִיבֵ֥י עַמּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*Lǝhôšîbî* *'im*-*nǝdîbîm* *'im* *nǝdîbê* *'ammô*", "grammar": { "*Lǝhôšîbî*": "preposition *lə* + Hiphil infinitive construct - to cause to sit/set", "*'im*": "preposition - with", "*nǝdîbîm*": "noun, masculine plural - nobles/princes", "*nǝdîbê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - nobles of", "*'ammô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his people" }, "variants": { "*Lǝhôšîbî*": "to cause to sit/set/place", "*nǝdîbîm*": "nobles/princes/willing ones", "*'ammô*": "his people/his nation/his folk" } }
• Ps 104:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Psalms.104.5", "source": "יָֽסַד־אֶ֭רֶץ עַל־מְכוֹנֶ֑יהָ בַּל־תִּ֝מּ֗וֹט עוֹלָ֥ם וָעֶֽד׃", "text": "*yāsad*-*ʾereṣ* *ʿal*-*mĕkônehā* *bal*-*timmôṭ* *ʿôlām* *wāʿed*", "grammar": { "*yāsad*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he founded", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - earth, land", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon, on", "*mĕkônehā*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her foundations/bases", "*bal*": "negative particle - not", "*timmôṭ*": "verb, niphal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it will be moved/shaken", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular - forever, eternity", "*wāʿed*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - and ever/perpetuity" }, "variants": { "*yāsad*": "founded, established, set, fixed", "*ʾereṣ*": "earth, land, ground, world", "*mĕkônehā*": "her foundations, her bases, her places", "*timmôṭ*": "be moved, be shaken, totter, slip", "*ʿôlām*": "forever, eternal, perpetual, ancient time", "*ʿed*": "ever, perpetuity, continuing future" } }
• Job 38:4-6 : 4 { "verseID": "Job.38.4", "source": "אֵיפֹ֣ה הָ֭יִיתָ בְּיָסְדִי־אָ֑רֶץ הַ֝גֵּ֗ד אִם־יָדַ֥עְתָּ בִינָֽה׃", "text": "Where *hāyîtā* when-*yāsdî*-*ʾāreṣ*? *haggēd* if-*yādaʿtā* *bînâ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾêpōh*": "interrogative adverb - where?", "*hāyîtā*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you were", "*bə-*": "preposition - in/at/when", "*yāsdî*": "qal infinitive construct, 1st singular suffix - my founding/establishing", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - earth/land", "*haggēd*": "hiphil imperative, masculine singular - declare/tell", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if", "*yādaʿtā*": "qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you knew", "*bînâ*": "noun, feminine singular - understanding/discernment" }, "variants": { "*yāsdî*": "my founding/my establishing/my laying foundation of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground", "*bînâ*": "understanding/discernment/insight" } } 5 { "verseID": "Job.38.5", "source": "מִי־שָׂ֣ם מְ֭מַדֶּיהָ כִּ֣י תֵדָ֑ע א֤וֹ מִֽי־נָטָ֖ה עָלֶ֣יהָ קָּֽו׃", "text": "Who-*śām* *məmaddeyhā* that *tēdāʿ*? Or who-*nāṭâ* upon-her *qāw*?", "grammar": { "*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who?", "*śām*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - set/placed/established", "*məmaddeyhā*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her measurements", "*kî*": "conjunction - that/because/for", "*tēdāʿ*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you know", "*ʾô*": "conjunction - or", "*nāṭâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - stretched out/extended", "*ʿāleyhā*": "preposition with 3rd feminine singular suffix - upon her/over her", "*qāw*": "noun, masculine singular - measuring line/cord" }, "variants": { "*śām*": "set/placed/determined", "*məmaddeyhā*": "her measurements/her dimensions", "*tēdāʿ*": "you know/you understand", "*nāṭâ*": "stretched out/extended/spread out", "*qāw*": "measuring line/cord/string" } } 6 { "verseID": "Job.38.6", "source": "עַל־מָ֭ה אֲדָנֶ֣יהָ הָטְבָּ֑עוּ א֥וֹ מִֽי־יָ֝רָ֗ה אֶ֣בֶן פִּנָּתָֽהּ׃", "text": "Upon-what *ʾădāneyhā* *hāṭbāʿû*? Or who-*yārâ* *ʾeben* *pinnātāh*?", "grammar": { "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/on", "*mâ*": "interrogative pronoun - what?", "*ʾădāneyhā*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her bases/foundations", "*hāṭbāʿû*": "hophal perfect, 3rd common plural - they were sunk/fastened", "*ʾô*": "conjunction - or", "*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who?", "*yārâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - laid/cast/threw", "*ʾeben*": "noun, feminine singular - stone", "*pinnātāh*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her cornerstone" }, "variants": { "*ʾădāneyhā*": "her bases/her foundations/her pillars", "*hāṭbāʿû*": "they were sunk/they were fastened/they were embedded", "*yārâ*": "laid/cast/threw/placed", "*pinnātāh*": "her cornerstone/her corner" } }
• Job 42:10-12 : 10 { "verseID": "Job.42.10", "source": "וַֽיהוָ֗ה שָׁ֚ב אֶת־שְׁב֣וּת אִיּ֔וֹב בְּהִֽתְפַּֽלְל֖וֹ בְּעַ֣ד רֵעֵ֑הוּ וַיֹּ֧סֶף יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְאִיּ֖וֹב לְמִשְׁנֶֽה׃", "text": "And *YHWH* *šāb* *ʾet*-*šǝbût* *ʾIyyôb* when-*hitpallǝlô* for *rēʿēhû* and *wayyōsep* *YHWH* *ʾet*-all-which to-*ʾIyyôb* to-*mišneh*", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*šāb*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he restored/turned", "*šǝbût*": "noun, feminine singular construct - captivity/fortune of", "*ʾIyyôb*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Job", "*hitpallǝlô*": "Hithpael infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his praying", "*rēʿēhû*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his friends", "*wayyōsep*": "Hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he added", "*mišneh*": "noun, masculine singular - double/twice as much" }, "variants": { "*šāb*": "turned/restored/brought back", "*šǝbût*": "captivity/fortunes/circumstances", "*hitpallǝlô*": "his praying/his interceding/his supplicating", "*rēʿēhû*": "his friends/his companions", "*wayyōsep*": "and he added/and he increased/and he gave", "*mišneh*": "double/twice as much/twofold" } } 11 { "verseID": "Job.42.11", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ אֵ֠לָיו כָּל־אֶחָ֨יו וְכָל־אַחְיוֹתָ֜יו וְכָל־יֹדְעָ֣יו לְפָנִ֗ים וַיֹּאכְל֨וּ עִמּ֣וֹ לֶחֶם֮ בְּבֵיתוֹ֒ וַיָּנֻ֤דוּ לוֹ֙ וַיְנַחֲמ֣וּ אֹת֔וֹ עַ֚ל כָּל־הָ֣רָעָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־הֵבִ֥יא יְהוָ֖ה עָלָ֑יו וַיִּתְּנוּ־ל֗וֹ אִ֚ישׁ קְשִׂיטָ֣ה אֶחָ֔ת וְאִ֕ישׁ נֶ֥זֶם זָהָ֖ב אֶחָֽד׃", "text": "And *wayyābōʾû* to-him all-*ʾeḥāyw* and-all-*ʾaḥyôtāyw* and-all-*yōdǝʿāyw* before and *wayyōʾkǝlû* with-him *leḥem* in-his-house and *wayyānudû* to-him and *waynaḥămû* him upon all-the-*rāʿâ* which-*hēbîʾ* *YHWH* upon-him and *wayyittǝnû*-to-him *ʾîš* *qǝśîṭâ* one and-*ʾîš* *nezem* *zāhāb* one", "grammar": { "*wayyābōʾû*": "Qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - and they came", "*ʾeḥāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his brothers", "*ʾaḥyôtāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sisters", "*yōdǝʿāyw*": "Qal participle, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - those knowing him", "*wayyōʾkǝlû*": "Qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - and they ate", "*leḥem*": "noun, masculine singular - bread/food", "*wayyānudû*": "Qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - and they showed sympathy", "*waynaḥămû*": "Piel imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - and they comforted", "*rāʿâ*": "noun, feminine singular - evil/disaster/misfortune", "*hēbîʾ*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he had brought", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*wayyittǝnû*": "Qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - and they gave", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - each/every man", "*qǝśîṭâ*": "noun, feminine singular - piece of money/coin", "*nezem*": "noun, masculine singular - ring/earring", "*zāhāb*": "noun, masculine singular - gold" }, "variants": { "*wayyābōʾû*": "and they came/and they arrived", "*ʾeḥāyw*": "his brothers/his kinsmen", "*ʾaḥyôtāyw*": "his sisters/his female relatives", "*yōdǝʿāyw*": "his acquaintances/those who knew him", "*wayyōʾkǝlû*": "and they ate/and they dined", "*leḥem*": "bread/food/meal", "*wayyānudû*": "and they showed sympathy/and they consoled/and they grieved with", "*waynaḥămû*": "and they comforted/and they consoled", "*rāʿâ*": "evil/disaster/misfortune/trouble", "*hēbîʾ*": "had brought/had caused", "*wayyittǝnû*": "and they gave/and they presented", "*qǝśîṭâ*": "piece of money/kesitah (currency unit)", "*nezem*": "ring/earring/nose ring", "*zāhāb*": "gold/golden" } } 12 { "verseID": "Job.42.12", "source": "וַֽיהוָ֗ה בֵּרַ֛ךְ אֶת־אַחֲרִ֥ית אִיּ֖וֹב מֵרֵאשִׁת֑וֹ וַֽיְהִי־ל֡וֹ אַרְבָּעָה֩ עָשָׂ֨ר אֶ֜לֶף צֹ֗אן וְשֵׁ֤שֶׁת אֲלָפִים֙ גְּמַלִּ֔ים וְאֶֽלֶף־צֶ֥מֶד בָּקָ֖ר וְאֶ֥לֶף אֲתוֹנֽוֹת׃", "text": "And-*YHWH* *bērak* *ʾet*-*ʾaḥărît* *ʾIyyôb* from-*rēʾšîtô* and *wayǝhî*-to-him fourteen thousand *ṣōʾn* and-six thousand *gǝmallîm* and-thousand-*ṣemed* *bāqār* and-thousand *ʾătônôt*", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*bērak*": "Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he blessed", "*ʾaḥărît*": "noun, feminine singular construct - latter end/outcome", "*ʾIyyôb*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Job", "*rēʾšîtô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his beginning", "*wayǝhî*": "Qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and there was", "*ṣōʾn*": "noun, common plural - sheep/flock", "*gǝmallîm*": "noun, masculine plural - camels", "*ṣemed*": "noun, masculine singular construct - pair/yoke", "*bāqār*": "noun, masculine singular - cattle/oxen", "*ʾătônôt*": "noun, feminine plural - female donkeys" }, "variants": { "*bērak*": "blessed/prospered", "*ʾaḥărît*": "latter end/latter state/final condition", "*rēʾšîtô*": "his beginning/his former state", "*wayǝhî*": "and there was/and he had", "*ṣōʾn*": "sheep/small livestock/flocks", "*gǝmallîm*": "camels", "*ṣemed*": "pair/yoke/team", "*bāqār*": "cattle/oxen/herds", "*ʾătônôt*": "female donkeys/she-asses" } }
• Ps 24:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Psalms.24.2", "source": "כִּי־ה֭וּא עַל־יַמִּ֣ים יְסָדָ֑הּ וְעַל־נְ֝הָר֗וֹת יְכוֹנְנֶֽהָ׃", "text": "For *hûʾ* upon *yammîm* *yĕsādāh*, and upon *nĕhārôt* *yĕkônĕnehā*.", "grammar": { "כִּי": "conjunction - for/because", "*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - he", "עַל": "preposition - upon/over", "*yammîm*": "noun, masculine plural - seas", "*yĕsādāh*": "verb, Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - he founded it", "*nĕhārôt*": "noun, masculine plural - rivers/streams", "*yĕkônĕnehā*": "verb, Polel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - he establishes it" }, "variants": { "*yĕsādāh*": "founded it/established it/laid its foundation", "*yĕkônĕnehā*": "establishes it/makes it firm/sets it in place" } }
• Ps 102:25 : 25 { "verseID": "Psalms.102.25", "source": "אֹמַ֗ר אֵלִ֗י אַֽל־תַּ֭עֲלֵנִי בַּחֲצִ֣י יָמָ֑י בְּד֖וֹר דּוֹרִ֣ים שְׁנוֹתֶֽיךָ׃", "text": "I *ʾōmar* *ʾēlî* not-*taʿălēnî* in *baḥăṣî* *yāmāy* in *bᵉḏôr* *dôrîm* *šᵉnôteḵā*", "grammar": { "*ʾōmar*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I say", "*ʾēlî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my God", "*ʾal*": "negative particle - do not", "*taʿălēnî*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect jussive, 2nd masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - take me away", "*baḥăṣî*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in the half of", "*yāmāy*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix - my days", "*bᵉḏôr*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in generation of", "*dôrîm*": "noun, masculine plural - generations", "*šᵉnôteḵā*": "noun, feminine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your years" }, "variants": { "*ʾōmar*": "I say/said", "*ʾēlî*": "my God/my Mighty One", "*taʿălēnî*": "take me away/remove me", "*baḥăṣî*": "in the half/midst of", "*yāmāy*": "my days/lifetime", "*bᵉḏôr dôrîm*": "throughout all generations", "*šᵉnôteḵā*": "your years/ages" } }
• Gen 41:40 : 40 { "verseID": "Genesis.41.40", "source": "אַתָּה֙ תִּהְיֶ֣ה עַל־בֵּיתִ֔י וְעַל־פִּ֖יךָ יִשַּׁ֣ק כָּל־עַמִּ֑י רַ֥ק הַכִּסֵּ֖א אֶגְדַּ֥ל מִמֶּֽךָּ׃", "text": "*ʾattāh tihyeh* over-*bêtî* and-over-*pîkā yiššaq* all-*ʿammî raq hakkissēʾ ʾegdal* from-you", "grammar": { "*ʾattāh*": "pronoun 2nd masculine singular - you", "*tihyeh*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will be", "*bêtî*": "noun masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my house", "*pîkā*": "noun masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your mouth", "*yiššaq*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will kiss/will be ruled", "*ʿammî*": "noun masculine singular with 1st singular suffix - my people", "*raq*": "adverb - only", "*hakkissēʾ*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the throne", "*ʾegdal*": "qal imperfect 1st singular - I will be greater", "*mimmekā*": "preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - than you" }, "variants": { "*yiššaq*": "will kiss/will touch/will obey/will be ruled", "*bêtî*": "my house/my household/my royal court", "*pîkā*": "your mouth/your command/your word" } }
• 1 Sam 15:17 : 17 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.15.17", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל הֲל֗וֹא אִם־קָטֹ֤ן אַתָּה֙ בְּעֵינֶ֔יךָ רֹ֛אשׁ שִׁבְטֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אָ֑תָּה וַיִּמְשָׁחֲךָ֧ יְהוָ֛ה לְמֶ֖לֶךְ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "And *wāʾōmer* *Šᵊmûʾēl*, *hǎlôʾ* if *qāṭōn* you in *bᵊʿêneyḵā*, *rōʾš* *šiḇṭê* *Yiśrāʾēl* you; and *wayyimšāḥăḵā* *YHWH* for *meleḵ* over *Yiśrāʾēl*.", "grammar": { "*wāʾōmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*Šᵊmûʾēl*": "proper noun, masculine - Samuel", "*hǎlôʾ*": "interrogative particle - is not/were not", "*qāṭōn*": "adjective, masculine singular - small/little/insignificant", "*bᵊʿêneyḵā*": "preposition + noun, dual construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - in your eyes", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - head/chief of", "*šiḇṭê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - tribes of", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wayyimšāḥăḵā*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - and he anointed you", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*hǎlôʾ*": "is it not?/were you not?", "*qāṭōn*": "small/little/insignificant", "*bᵊʿêneyḵā*": "in your own estimation/in your sight", "*rōʾš*": "head/chief/leader", "*šiḇṭê*": "tribes/clans", "*wayyimšāḥăḵā*": "and he anointed you/consecrated you" } }
• 2 Sam 7:8 : 8 { "verseID": "2 Samuel.7.8", "source": "וְ֠עַתָּה כֹּֽה־תֹאמַ֞ר לְעַבְדִּ֣י לְדָוִ֗ד כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת אֲנִ֤י לְקַחְתִּ֙יךָ֙ מִן־הַנָּוֶ֔ה מֵאַחַ֖ר הַצֹּ֑אן לִֽהְי֣וֹת נָגִ֔יד עַל־עַמִּ֖י עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "And *wəʿattāh* *kōh-ṯōʾmar* to *ʿaḇdî* to *ḏāwiḏ*, *kōh* *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ṣəḇāʾôṯ*, *ʾănî* *ləqaḥtîḵā* from the *nāweh*, from after the *ṣōʾn*, to *lihyôṯ* *nāgîḏ* over *ʿammî* over *yiśrāʾēl*.", "grammar": { "*wəʿattāh*": "conjunction + adverb - 'and now'", "*kōh-ṯōʾmar*": "adverb + verb, qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - 'thus you shall say'", "*ʿaḇdî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - 'my servant'", "*ḏāwiḏ*": "proper noun - 'David'", "*kōh*": "adverb - 'thus/so'", "*ʾāmar*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'said'", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name", "*ṣəḇāʾôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - 'hosts/armies'", "*ʾănî*": "pronoun, 1st person singular - 'I'", "*ləqaḥtîḵā*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'I took you'", "*nāweh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the pasture/meadow'", "*ṣōʾn*": "noun, collective with definite article - 'the flock/sheep'", "*lihyôṯ*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - 'to be'", "*nāgîḏ*": "noun, masculine singular - 'ruler/leader'", "*ʿammî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - 'my people'", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - 'Israel'" }, "variants": { "*nāweh*": "pasture/meadow/habitation", "*ṣōʾn*": "flock/sheep/cattle", "*nāgîḏ*": "ruler/leader/prince/commander" } }
• Dan 2:48 : 48 { "verseID": "Daniel.2.48", "source": "אֱדַ֨יִן מַלְכָּ֜א לְדָנִיֵּ֣אל רַבִּ֗י וּמַתְּנָ֨ן רַבְרְבָ֤ן שַׂגִּיאָן֙ יְהַב־לֵ֔הּ וְהַ֨שְׁלְטֵ֔הּ עַ֖ל כָּל־מְדִינַ֣ת בָּבֶ֑ל וְרַב־סִגְנִ֔ין עַ֖ל כָּל־חַכִּימֵ֥י בָבֶֽל׃", "text": "Then *malkāʾ* to *dāniyyēʾl* *rabbî* and *mattənān* *rabrəbān* *śaggîʾān* *yəhab* to him, and *hašləṭēh* over all *mədînat* *bābel*; and *rab-sigənîn* over all *ḥakkîmê* *bābel*.", "grammar": { "*ʾĕdayin*": "adverb - then", "*malkāʾ*": "definite, masculine singular - the king", "*lə-dāniyyēʾl*": "preposition + proper noun - to Daniel", "*rabbî*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - made great/exalted", "*mattənān*": "feminine plural noun - gifts", "*rabrəbān*": "feminine plural adjective - great", "*śaggîʾān*": "feminine plural adjective - many", "*yəhab-lēh*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular with preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - gave to him", "*hašləṭēh*": "perfect causative, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - made him ruler", "*mədînat*": "construct state, feminine singular - province of", "*bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*rab-sigənîn*": "construct state, masculine singular + masculine plural - chief of prefects/officials", "*ḥakkîmê*": "construct state, masculine plural - wise men of", "*bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon" }, "variants": { "*rabbî*": "made great/exalted/magnified", "*mattənān*": "gifts/presents", "*rabrəbān*": "great/large/important", "*śaggîʾān*": "many/numerous/abundant", "*hašləṭēh*": "made ruler/gave authority/put in charge", "*mədînat*": "province/district/region", "*sigənîn*": "prefects/officials/governors", "*ḥakkîmê*": "wise men/sages/scholars" } }
• Dan 4:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Daniel.4.17", "source": "אִֽילָנָא֙ דִּ֣י חֲזַ֔יְתָ דִּ֥י רְבָ֖ה וּתְקִ֑ף וְרוּמֵהּ֙ יִמְטֵ֣א לִשְׁמַיָּ֔א וַחֲזוֹתֵ֖הּ לְכָל־אַרְעָֽא׃", "text": "The *ʾîlānāʾ* that *ḥăzaytā*, that *rəbāh* and *təqîp*, and *rûmēh* *yimṭēʾ* to *šəmayyāʾ*, and *ḥăzôtēh* to all-*ʾarʿāʾ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾîlānāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular emphatic - the tree", "*ḥăzaytā*": "perfect verb, 2nd person masculine singular - you saw", "*rəbāh*": "adjective, masculine singular - great/large", "*təqîp*": "adjective, masculine singular - strong/mighty", "*rûmēh*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its height", "*yimṭēʾ*": "imperfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular - reaches", "*šəmayyāʾ*": "noun, masculine plural emphatic - the heavens", "*ḥăzôtēh*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its visibility/sight", "*ʾarʿāʾ*": "noun, feminine singular emphatic - the earth/land" }, "variants": { "*ʾîlānāʾ*": "tree/great tree", "*rəbāh*": "great/large/tall", "*təqîp*": "strong/mighty/powerful", "*rûmēh*": "its height/tallness", "*yimṭēʾ*": "reaches/extends to", "*ḥăzôtēh*": "its visibility/appearance/sight" } }
• Dan 6:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Daniel.6.3", "source": "וְעֵ֤לָּא מִנְּהוֹן֙ סָרְכִ֣ין תְּלָתָ֔א דִּ֥י דָנִיֵּ֖אל חַֽד־מִנְּה֑וֹן דִּֽי־לֶהֱוֺ֞ן אֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנַיָּ֣א אִלֵּ֗ין יָהֲבִ֤ין לְהוֹן֙ טַעְמָ֔א וּמַלְכָּ֖א לָֽא־לֶהֱוֵ֥א נָזִֽק׃", "text": "*wəʿēllāʾ* *minnəhôn* *sārkîn* *təlātāʾ* *dî* *dānīyēʾl* *ḥad-minnəhôn* *dî-lehĕwōn* *ʾăḥašdarpənayāʾ* *ʾillēyn* *yāhăbîn* *ləhôn* *ṭaʿmāʾ* *ûmalkāʾ* *lāʾ-lehĕwēʾ* *nāziq*", "grammar": { "*wəʿēllāʾ*": "conjunction + preposition - and over/above", "*minnəhôn*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - from them", "*sārkîn*": "noun, masculine plural - chief ministers/presidents", "*təlātāʾ*": "cardinal number - three", "*dî*": "relative particle - who/that", "*dānīyēʾl*": "noun, proper masculine singular - Daniel", "*ḥad-minnəhôn*": "cardinal number construct + preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - one of them", "*dî-lehĕwōn*": "relative particle + preposition + verb, peal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - that might be", "*ʾăḥašdarpənayāʾ*": "noun, masculine plural determinate - the satraps", "*ʾillēyn*": "demonstrative pronoun masculine plural - these", "*yāhăbîn*": "verb, peal participle masculine plural - giving", "*ləhôn*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them", "*ṭaʿmāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular determinate - the account/report", "*ûmalkāʾ*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular determinate - and the king", "*lāʾ-lehĕwēʾ*": "negative particle + preposition + verb, peal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - not to be", "*nāziq*": "adjective, masculine singular - damaged/suffering loss" }, "variants": { "*sārkîn*": "chief ministers/presidents/commissioners", "*ṭaʿmāʾ*": "account/report/judgment", "*nāziq*": "damaged/suffering loss/harmed" } }
• Jas 2:5 : 5 { "verseID": "James.2.5", "source": "Ἀκούσατε, ἀδελφοί μου ἀγαπητοί, οὐχ ὁ Θεὸς ἐξελέξατο τοὺς πτωχοὺς τοῦ κόσμου τούτου πλουσίους ἐν πίστει, καὶ κληρονόμους τῆς βασιλείας ἧς ἐπηγγείλατο τοῖς ἀγαπῶσιν αὐτόν;", "text": "*Akousate*, *adelphoi* my *agapētoi*, not the *Theos exelexato* the *ptōchous* of the *kosmou* this *plousious* in *pistei*, and *klēronomous* of the *basileias* which *epēngeilato* to the *agapōsin* him?", "grammar": { "*Akousate*": "aorist, active, imperative, 2nd person plural - listen/hear", "*adelphoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - brothers", "μου": "genitive, first person, singular - my", "*agapētoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - beloved", "οὐχ": "negative particle (interrogative) - not", "ὁ *Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*exelexato*": "aorist, middle, indicative, 3rd person singular - chose/selected", "τοὺς *ptōchous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - the poor", "τοῦ *kosmou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of the world", "τούτου": "genitive, masculine, singular, demonstrative - this", "*plousious*": "accusative, masculine, plural - rich", "ἐν *pistei*": "dative, feminine, singular - in faith", "*klēronomous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - heirs", "τῆς *basileias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of the kingdom", "ἧς": "genitive, feminine, singular, relative pronoun - which", "*epēngeilato*": "aorist, middle, indicative, 3rd person singular - he promised", "τοῖς *agapōsin*": "dative, masculine, plural, present participle - to those loving", "αὐτόν": "accusative, masculine, singular - him" }, "variants": { "*Akousate*": "listen/hear/pay attention", "*adelphoi*": "brothers/fellow believers/siblings in faith", "*agapētoi*": "beloved/dear ones", "*Theos*": "God/deity", "*exelexato*": "chose/selected/elected", "*ptōchous*": "poor/destitute/beggars", "*kosmou*": "world/universe/realm/order", "*plousious*": "rich/wealthy", "*pistei*": "faith/belief/trust", "*klēronomous*": "heirs/inheritors", "*basileias*": "kingdom/reign/rule", "*epēngeilato*": "promised/pledged", "*agapōsin*": "loving/cherishing" } }
• Rev 1:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Revelation.1.6", "source": "Καὶ ἐποίησεν ἡμᾶς βασιλεῖς καὶ ἱερεῖς τῷ Θεῷ καὶ Πατρὶ αὐτοῦ· αὐτῷ ἡ δόξα καὶ τὸ κράτος εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.", "text": "And *epoiēsen* us *basileis* and *hiereis* to the *Theō* and *Patri* of him; to him the *doxa* and the *kratos* into the *aiōnas* of the *aiōnōn*. *Amēn*.", "grammar": { "*epoiēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - made/did", "*basileis*": "accusative, masculine, plural - kings", "*hiereis*": "accusative, masculine, plural - priests", "*Theō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to God", "*Patri*": "dative, masculine, singular - to Father", "*doxa*": "nominative, feminine, singular - glory", "*kratos*": "nominative, neuter, singular - power/might/dominion", "*aiōnas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - ages", "*aiōnōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of ages", "*Amēn*": "Hebrew term - truly/so be it" }, "variants": { "*epoiēsen*": "made/did/created", "*basileis*": "kings/royalty", "*hiereis*": "priests/those who perform sacred rites", "*kratos*": "power/might/dominion/strength", "*aiōnas tōn aiōnōn*": "ages of ages/forever and ever/eternity" } }
• Rev 3:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Revelation.3.21", "source": "Ὁ νικῶν δώσω αὐτῷ καθίσαι μετʼ ἐμοῦ ἐν τῷ θρόνῳ μου, ὡς κἀγὼ ἐνίκησα, καὶ ἐκάθισα μετὰ τοῦ Πατρός μου ἐν τῷ θρόνῳ αὐτοῦ.", "text": "The *nikōn dōsō* to-him *kathisai* with me in the *thronō* of-me, as also-I *enikēsa*, and *ekathisa* with the *Patros* of-me in the *thronō* of-him.", "grammar": { "*nikōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - overcoming/conquering", "*dōsō*": "future active, 1st singular - I will give", "*kathisai*": "aorist active infinitive - to sit", "*thronō*": "dative, masculine, singular - throne", "*enikēsa*": "aorist active, 1st singular - I overcame/conquered", "*ekathisa*": "aorist active, 1st singular - I sat down", "*Patros*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of Father" }, "variants": { "*nikōn*": "overcoming/conquering/being victorious", "*dōsō*": "will give/grant", "*kathisai*": "to sit/be seated/take a seat", "*thronō*": "throne/seat of power", "*enikēsa*": "overcame/conquered/was victorious", "*ekathisa*": "sat down/was seated/took a seat" } }
• Rev 5:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Revelation.5.10", "source": "Καὶ ἐποίησας ἡμᾶς τῷ Θεῷ ἡμῶν βασιλεῖς καὶ ἱερεῖς: καὶ βασιλεύσομεν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς.", "text": "And you *epoiēsas* us to *Theō* our *basileis* and *hiereis*: and we shall *basileusomen* upon the *gēs*.", "grammar": { "*epoiēsas*": "aorist active indicative, 2nd person singular - you made/created", "*Theō*": "dative, masculine, singular - for God/to God", "*basileis*": "accusative, masculine, plural - kings/rulers", "*hiereis*": "accusative, masculine, plural - priests", "*basileusomen*": "future active indicative, 1st person plural - we will reign/rule", "*gēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - earth/land" }, "variants": { "*epoiēsas*": "made/created/appointed/constituted", "*basileis*": "kings/rulers/monarchs", "*hiereis*": "priests/those who perform sacred duties", "*basileusomen*": "we will reign/we will rule/we will exercise kingship" } }
• Rev 22:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Revelation.22.5", "source": "Καὶ νὺξ οὐκ ἔσται ἐκει· καὶ χρείαν οὐκ ἔχουσιν λύχνου, καὶ φωτὸς ἡλίου· ὅτι Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς φωτίζει αὐτούς: καὶ βασιλεύσουσιν εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων.", "text": "And *nyx* not *estai* *ekei*; and *chreian* not *echousin lychnou*, and *phōtos hēliou*; because *Kyrios* the *Theos phōtizei* them: and *basileusousin* into the *aiōnas* of the *aiōnōn*.", "grammar": { "*nyx*": "nominative, feminine, singular - night", "*estai*": "future indicative, 3rd singular - will be", "*ekei*": "adverb - there", "*chreian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - need", "*echousin*": "present active indicative, 3rd plural - have/hold", "*lychnou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of lamp", "*phōtos*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of light", "*hēliou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of sun", "*Kyrios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Lord", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*phōtizei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - gives light/illuminates", "*basileusousin*": "future active indicative, 3rd plural - will reign/rule", "*aiōnas*": "accusative, masculine, plural - ages", "*aiōnōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of ages" }, "variants": { "*chreian*": "need/necessity/requirement", "*lychnou*": "lamp/light", "*phōtizei*": "gives light/illuminates/enlightens", "*basileusousin*": "will reign/rule/exercise kingship", "*aiōnas tōn aiōnōn*": "ages of ages/forever and ever/eternity" } }
• Luke 1:51-52 : 51 { "verseID": "Luke.1.51", "source": "Ἐποίησεν κράτος ἐν βραχίονι αὐτοῦ· διεσκόρπισεν ὑπερηφάνους διανοίᾳ καρδίας αὐτῶν.", "text": "*Epoiēsen kratos* in *brachioni* of him; *dieskorpisen hyperēphanous dianoiā kardias* of them.", "grammar": { "*Epoiēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he/she/it did/made", "*kratos*": "accusative neuter singular - might/strength/power", "*brachioni*": "dative masculine singular - arm", "*dieskorpisen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he/she/it scattered/dispersed", "*hyperēphanous*": "accusative masculine plural - proud/arrogant ones", "*dianoiā*": "dative feminine singular - in thought/mind/understanding", "*kardias*": "genitive feminine singular - of heart" }, "variants": { "*Epoiēsen kratos*": "performed might/showed strength/demonstrated power", "*brachioni*": "arm (metaphor for power/strength)", "*dieskorpisen*": "scattered/dispersed/separated", "*hyperēphanous*": "proud/arrogant/haughty ones", "*dianoiā kardias*": "in the thought of heart/in the imagination of heart/in the intention of heart" } } 52 { "verseID": "Luke.1.52", "source": "Καθεῖλεν δυνάστας ἀπὸ θρόνων, καὶ ὕψωσεν ταπεινούς.", "text": "*Katheilen dynastas* from *thronōn*, and *hypsōsen tapeinous*.", "grammar": { "*Katheilen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he/she/it brought down/put down", "*dynastas*": "accusative masculine plural - rulers/mighty ones", "*thronōn*": "genitive masculine plural - of thrones", "*hypsōsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he/she/it lifted up/exalted", "*tapeinous*": "accusative masculine plural - humble/lowly ones" }, "variants": { "*Katheilen*": "brought down/put down/deposed", "*dynastas*": "rulers/potentates/people in positions of power", "*hypsōsen*": "exalted/lifted up/raised", "*tapeinous*": "humble ones/lowly ones/those of low position" } }
• Heb 1:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Hebrews.1.3", "source": "Ὃς ὢν ἀπαύγασμα τῆς δόξης, καὶ χαρακτὴρ τῆς ὑποστάσεως αὐτοῦ, φέρων τε τὰ πάντα τῷ ῥήματι τῆς δυνάμεως αὐτοῦ, διʼ εαυτοῦ καθαρισμὸν ποιησάμενος τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ημῶν, ἐκάθισεν ἐν δεξιᾷ τῆς Μεγαλωσύνης ἐν ὑψηλοῖς·", "text": "Who being *apaugasma* of the *doxēs*, and *charaktēr* of the *hypostaseōs* of him, *pherōn* *te* the all things by the *rhēmati* of the *dynameōs* of him, through himself *katharismon* *poiēsamenos* of the *hamartiōn* of us, *ekathisen* in *dexia* of the *Megalōsynēs* in *hypsēlois*;", "grammar": { "*ōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - being", "*apaugasma*": "nominative, neuter, singular - radiance/effulgence", "*doxēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - glory", "*charaktēr*": "nominative, masculine, singular - exact representation/imprint", "*hypostaseōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - substance/nature/person", "*pherōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - bearing/carrying", "*te*": "connective particle - and/also", "*rhēmati*": "dative, neuter, singular - word/utterance", "*dynameōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - power", "*katharismon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - purification/cleansing", "*poiēsamenos*": "aorist middle participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having made/accomplished", "*hamartiōn*": "genitive, feminine, plural - sins", "*ekathisen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - sat down", "*dexia*": "dative, feminine, singular - right hand", "*Megalōsynēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - Majesty", "*hypsēlois*": "dative, neuter, plural - high places/heights" }, "variants": { "*apaugasma*": "radiance/brightness/effulgence/reflection", "*charaktēr*": "exact representation/exact imprint/exact expression", "*hypostaseōs*": "substance/nature/essence/person/reality", "*pherōn*": "bearing/carrying/upholding/sustaining", "*rhēmati*": "word/utterance/declaration", "*katharismon*": "purification/cleansing/purgation", "*Megalōsynēs*": "Majesty/Greatness" } }
• Gen 41:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Genesis.41.14", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח פַּרְעֹה֙ וַיִּקְרָ֣א אֶת־יוֹסֵ֔ף וַיְרִיצֻ֖הוּ מִן־הַבּ֑וֹר וַיְגַלַּח֙ וַיְחַלֵּ֣ף שִׂמְלֹתָ֔יו וַיָּבֹ֖א אֶל־פַּרְעֹֽה", "text": "And *wa-yishlaḥ* *parʿōh* and *wa-yiqrāʾ* *ʾet-yôsēp*, and *wa-yĕrîṣuhū* from *min-ha-bôr*; and *wa-yĕgallaḥ* and *wa-yĕḥallēp* his garments *śimlōtāyw*, and *wa-yābōʾ* to *ʾel-parʿōh*", "grammar": { "*wa-yishlaḥ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he sent", "*parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "*wa-yiqrāʾ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he called", "*ʾet-yôsēp*": "direct object marker + proper noun - Joseph", "*wa-yĕrîṣuhū*": "waw-consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3mp + 3ms suffix - and they brought him quickly", "*min-ha-bôr*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine singular - from the pit/prison", "*wa-yĕgallaḥ*": "waw-consecutive + piel imperfect 3ms - and he shaved", "*wa-yĕḥallēp*": "waw-consecutive + piel imperfect 3ms - and he changed", "*śimlōtāyw*": "noun feminine plural + 3ms suffix - his garments/clothes", "*wa-yābōʾ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3ms - and he came/entered", "*ʾel-parʿōh*": "preposition + proper noun - to Pharaoh" }, "variants": { "*yĕrîṣuhū*": "they brought him quickly/they rushed him/they hurried him", "*bôr*": "pit/dungeon/prison", "*yĕgallaḥ*": "he shaved/he was shaved", "*yĕḥallēp śimlōtāyw*": "he changed his clothes/he exchanged his garments" } }
• Eccl 4:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Ecclesiastes.4.14", "source": "כִּֽי־מִבֵּ֥ית הָסוּרִ֖ים יָצָ֣א לִמְלֹ֑ךְ כִּ֛י גַּ֥ם בְּמַלְכוּת֖וֹ נוֹלַ֥ד רָֽשׁ׃", "text": "For-from-*bêt* the-*sûrîm* *yāṣāʾ* to-*məlōḵ* for also in-*malḵûtô* *nôlad* *rāš*", "grammar": { "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*sûrîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - prisoners/those who are bound", "*yāṣāʾ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he came out/went forth", "*məlōḵ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to reign/rule", "*malḵûtô*": "noun, feminine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his kingdom", "*nôlad*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he was born", "*rāš*": "adjective, masculine singular - poor/impoverished" }, "variants": { "*bêt ha-sûrîm*": "house of prisoners/prison/place of confinement", "*yāṣāʾ li-məlōḵ*": "came out to reign/went forth to become king", "*nôlad rāš*": "was born poor/came into the world impoverished" } }
• Job 2:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Job.2.8", "source": "וַיִּֽקַּֽח־ל֣וֹ חֶ֔רֶשׂ לְהִתְגָּרֵ֖ד בּ֑וֹ וְה֖וּא יֹשֵׁ֥ב בְּתוֹךְ־הָאֵֽפֶר׃", "text": "*wə-yiqqaḥ*-*lô ḥeres lə-hiṯgārēḏ bô wə-hûʾ yōšēḇ bə-ṯôḵ*-the-*ʾēp̄er*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yiqqaḥ*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3ms - and he took", "*lô*": "preposition + 3ms suffix - for himself", "*ḥeres*": "noun masculine singular - potsherd", "*lə-hiṯgārēḏ*": "preposition + hithpael infinitive construct - to scrape himself", "*bô*": "preposition + 3ms suffix - with it", "*wə-hûʾ*": "conjunction + personal pronoun 3ms - and he", "*yōšēḇ*": "qal participle masculine singular - sitting", "*bə-ṯôḵ*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - in the midst of", "*ʾēp̄er*": "noun masculine singular - ashes" }, "variants": { "*ḥeres*": "potsherd/piece of broken pottery", "*lə-hiṯgārēḏ*": "to scrape himself/to scratch himself", "*yōšēḇ bə-ṯôḵ-ʾēp̄er*": "sitting in ashes/sitting in the dust-heap (sign of mourning)" } }
• Job 36:6-7 : 6 { "verseID": "Job.36.6", "source": "לֹא־יְחַיֶּ֥ה רָשָׁ֑ע וּמִשְׁפַּ֖ט עֲנִיִּ֣ים יִתֵּֽן׃", "text": "*lōʾ-yəḥayyeh* *rāšāʿ* *û-mišpaṭ* *ʿăniyyîm* *yittēn*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ-yəḥayyeh*": "negative particle + Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he does not preserve alive", "*rāšāʿ*": "adjective/noun, masculine singular - wicked (person)", "*û-mišpaṭ*": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular construct - and justice of", "*ʿăniyyîm*": "adjective/noun, masculine plural - poor/afflicted ones", "*yittēn*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he gives" }, "variants": { "*yəḥayyeh*": "preserves alive/gives life to/sustains", "*rāšāʿ*": "wicked person/evil one/ungodly", "*mišpaṭ*": "justice/judgment/right", "*ʿăniyyîm*": "poor/afflicted/oppressed ones", "*yittēn*": "gives/grants/allows" } } 7 { "verseID": "Job.36.7", "source": "לֹֽא־יִגְרַ֥ע מִצַּדִּ֗יק עֵ֫ינָ֥יו וְאֶת־מְלָכִ֥ים לַכִּסֵּ֑א וַיֹּשִׁיבֵ֥ם לָ֝נֶ֗צַח וַיִּגְבָּֽהוּ׃", "text": "*lōʾ-yigraʿ* *miṣṣaddîq* *ʿênāyw* *wə-ʾet-məlākîm* *lakkissēʾ* *wayyōšîbēm* *lāneṣaḥ* *wayyigbāhû*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ-yigraʿ*": "negative particle + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he does not withdraw", "*miṣṣaddîq*": "preposition + adjective/noun, masculine singular - from righteous one", "*ʿênāyw*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his eyes", "*wə-ʾet-məlākîm*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun, masculine plural - and kings", "*lakkissēʾ*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - to the throne", "*wayyōšîbēm*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he seats them", "*lāneṣaḥ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - forever", "*wayyigbāhû*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they are exalted" }, "variants": { "*yigraʿ*": "withdraws/diminishes/takes away", "*ṣaddîq*": "righteous one/just person", "*məlākîm*": "kings/rulers", "*kissēʾ*": "throne/seat of honor", "*yōšîbēm*": "seats them/causes them to sit/establishes them", "*neṣaḥ*": "forever/perpetuity/eternity", "*yigbāhû*": "are exalted/lifted high/raised up" } }