Psalms 49:2

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Psalms.49.2", "source": "שִׁמְעוּ־זֹ֭את כָּל־הָֽעַמִּ֑ים הַ֝אֲזִ֗ינוּ כָּל־יֹ֥שְׁבֵי חָֽלֶד׃", "text": "*šimʿû*-*zōʾt* all-the-*ʿammîm* *haʾăzînû* all-*yōšəbê* *ḥāled*", "grammar": { "*šimʿû*": "verb qal imperative masculine plural - 'hear/listen'", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative pronoun feminine singular - 'this'", "*ʿammîm*": "noun masculine plural with definite article - 'peoples/nations'", "*haʾăzînû*": "verb hiphil imperative masculine plural - 'give ear/listen attentively'", "*yōšəbê*": "verb qal participle masculine plural construct - 'dwellers of/inhabitants of'", "*ḥāled*": "noun masculine singular - 'world/transience/duration'" }, "variants": { "*ḥāled*": "world/duration/transience/fleeting life" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

שִׁמְעוּ־זֹ֭את כָּל־הָֽעַמִּ֑ים הַ֝אֲזִ֗ינוּ כָּל־יֹ֥שְׁבֵי חָֽלֶד׃

Transliteration

šimʿû-zōʾt all-the-ʿammîm haʾăzînû all-yōšəbê ḥāled

Grammar Details

• *šimʿû*: verb qal imperative masculine plural - 'hear/listen'
• *zōʾt*: demonstrative pronoun feminine singular - 'this'
• *ʿammîm*: noun masculine plural with definite article - 'peoples/nations'
• *haʾăzînû*: verb hiphil imperative masculine plural - 'give ear/listen attentively'
• *yōšəbê*: verb qal participle masculine plural construct - 'dwellers of/inhabitants of'
• *ḥāled*: noun masculine singular - 'world/transience/duration'

Word Meanings

• *ḥāled*: world/duration/transience/fleeting life

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Listen to this, all you peoples; give ear, all who dwell on the earth,

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Both low and high, rich and poor, together.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Both low and high, rich and poor, together.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Both low and high, rich and poor, together.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Both low and high, Rich and poor together.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Both low and high, rich and poor, together.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Hye & lowe, riche & poore, one wt another.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  As well lowe as hie, both rich and poore.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  As well lowe as high: riche and poore, one with another.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Both low and high, rich and poor, together.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Both low and high, Rich and poor together.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  Both low and high, together rich and needy.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Both low and high, Rich and poor together.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Both low and high, Rich and poor together.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  High and low together, the poor, and those who have wealth.

• World English Bible (2000)

  both low and high, rich and poor together.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  Pay attention, all you people, both rich and poor!

Referenced Verses

• Ps 62:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Psalms.62.9", "source": "בִּטְח֘וּ ב֤וֹ בְכָל־עֵ֨ת ׀ עָ֗ם שִׁפְכֽוּ־לְפָנָ֥יו לְבַבְכֶ֑ם אֱלֹהִ֖ים מַחֲסֶה־לָּ֣נוּ סֶֽלָה׃", "text": "*biṭḥû* in him in all *ʿēt*, *ʿām*; *shipkû* before him your *lĕbab*; *ʾĕlōhîm* is *maḥăseh* for us, *selâ*", "grammar": { "*biṭḥû*": "2nd person masculine plural qal imperative - trust", "*ʿēt*": "common singular noun with prefixed preposition 'in' and 'all' - time", "*ʿām*": "masculine singular noun - people", "*shipkû*": "2nd person masculine plural qal imperative - pour out", "*lĕbab*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - heart", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - God", "*maḥăseh*": "masculine singular noun with prefixed preposition 'for' and 1st person common plural suffix - refuge", "*selâ*": "musical notation - selah" }, "variants": { "*biṭḥû*": "trust/rely on/be confident in", "*ʿēt*": "time/season/occasion", "*ʿām*": "people/nation/folk", "*shipkû*": "pour out/spill/shed", "*lĕbab*": "heart/mind/inner person", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods (plural form used for singular deity)", "*maḥăseh*": "refuge/shelter/protection", "*selâ*": "musical notation possibly indicating pause or emphasis" } }
• Jas 2:1-7 : 1 { "verseID": "James.2.1", "source": "¶Ἀδελφοί μου, μὴ ἐν προσωποληψίαις, ἔχετε τὴν πίστιν τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τῆς δόξης.", "text": "*Adelphoi* my, not in *prosōpolēpsiais*, *echete* the *pistin* of the *Kyriou* our *Iēsou Christou* of the *doxēs*.", "grammar": { "*Adelphoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - brothers", "μου": "genitive, first person, singular - my/of me", "μὴ": "negative particle - not", "*prosōpolēpsiais*": "dative, feminine, plural - partiality/favoritism", "*echete*": "present, active, imperative, 2nd person plural - have/hold", "τὴν *pistin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - faith/belief", "τοῦ *Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of the Lord", "ἡμῶν": "genitive, first person, plural - our/of us", "*Iēsou Christou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of Jesus Christ", "τῆς *doxēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of glory" }, "variants": { "*Adelphoi*": "brothers/fellow believers/siblings in faith", "*prosōpolēpsiais*": "partiality/favoritism/respect of persons/discrimination", "*echete*": "have/hold/possess/practice", "*pistin*": "faith/belief/trust/faithfulness", "*Kyriou*": "Lord/master/owner", "*doxēs*": "glory/splendor/honor/magnificence" } } 2 { "verseID": "James.2.2", "source": "Ἐὰν γὰρ εἰσέλθῃ εἰς τήν συναγωγὴν ὑμῶν ἀνὴρ χρυσοδακτύλιος, ἐν ἐσθῆτι λαμπρᾷ, εἰσέλθῃ δὲ καὶ πτωχὸς ἐν ῥυπαρᾷ ἐσθῆτι·", "text": "If *gar* *eiselthē* into the *synagōgēn* your *anēr chrysodaktylios*, in *esthēti lampra*, *eiselthē* *de* also *ptōchos* in *rhypara esthēti*;", "grammar": { "Ἐὰν": "conditional particle - if", "*gar*": "postpositive conjunction - for/because", "*eiselthē*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 3rd person singular - might enter/come in", "εἰς": "preposition + accusative - into/to", "τήν *synagōgēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - the assembly/synagogue", "ὑμῶν": "genitive, second person, plural - your/of you", "*anēr chrysodaktylios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - man with gold rings", "ἐν": "preposition + dative - in", "*esthēti lampra*": "dative, feminine, singular - fine/splendid clothing", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "καὶ": "conjunction - also/even", "*ptōchos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - poor man", "*rhypara esthēti*": "dative, feminine, singular - dirty/filthy clothing" }, "variants": { "*synagōgēn*": "assembly/gathering/meeting place/synagogue", "*anēr chrysodaktylios*": "man with gold rings/wealthy man/man adorned with gold", "*esthēti lampra*": "splendid clothing/fine garment/bright apparel", "*ptōchos*": "poor person/beggar/destitute individual", "*rhypara esthēti*": "dirty clothing/filthy garment/shabby clothes" } } 3 { "verseID": "James.2.3", "source": "Καὶ ἐπιβλέψητε ἐπὶ τὸν φοροῦντα τὴν ἐσθῆτα τὴν λαμπρὰν, καὶ εἴπητε αὐτῷ, Σὺ κάθου ὧδε καλῶς· καὶ τῷ πτωχῷ εἴπητε, Σὺ στῆθι ἐκεῖ, ἢ κάθου ὧδε ὑπὸ τὸ ὑποπόδιόν μου:", "text": "And *epiblepsēte* upon the *phorounta* the *esthēta* the *lampran*, and *eipēte* to him, You *kathou* here *kalōs*; and to the *ptōchō eipēte*, You *stēthi* there, or *kathou* here under the *hypopodion* of me:", "grammar": { "Καὶ": "conjunction - and", "*epiblepsēte*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 2nd person plural - you might look upon/pay attention to", "ἐπὶ": "preposition + accusative - upon/at", "τὸν *phorounta*": "accusative, masculine, singular, present participle - the one wearing", "τὴν *esthēta* τὴν *lampran*": "accusative, feminine, singular - the fine garment", "*eipēte*": "aorist, active, subjunctive, 2nd person plural - you might say", "αὐτῷ": "dative, masculine, singular - to him", "Σὺ": "nominative, second person, singular - you", "*kathou*": "present, middle, imperative, 2nd person singular - sit", "ὧδε": "adverb - here", "*kalōs*": "adverb - well/in a good place", "τῷ *ptōchō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to the poor man", "*stēthi*": "aorist, active, imperative, 2nd person singular - stand", "ἐκεῖ": "adverb - there", "ἢ": "conjunction - or", "ὑπὸ": "preposition + accusative - under", "τὸ *hypopodion*": "accusative, neuter, singular - the footstool", "μου": "genitive, first person, singular - of me/my" }, "variants": { "*epiblepsēte*": "look upon/pay attention to/regard/show favor to", "*phorounta*": "wearing/bearing/carrying", "*esthēta lampran*": "fine clothing/splendid garment/bright apparel", "*eipēte*": "say/speak/tell", "*kathou*": "sit/be seated", "*kalōs*": "well/honorably/in a good place", "*ptōchō*": "poor person/beggar/destitute individual", "*stēthi*": "stand/stand up", "*hypopodion*": "footstool/place for feet" } } 4 { "verseID": "James.2.4", "source": "Καὶ οὐ διεκρίθητε ἐν ἑαυτοῖς, καὶ ἐγένεσθε κριταὶ διαλογισμῶν πονηρῶν;", "text": "And not *diekrithēte* in yourselves, and *egenesthe kritai dialogismōn ponērōn*?", "grammar": { "Καὶ": "conjunction - and", "οὐ": "negative particle - not", "*diekrithēte*": "aorist, passive, indicative, 2nd person plural - you made distinctions/you doubted", "ἐν": "preposition + dative - in", "ἑαυτοῖς": "dative, reflexive pronoun, 2nd person plural - yourselves", "*egenesthe*": "aorist, middle, indicative, 2nd person plural - you became", "*kritai*": "nominative, masculine, plural - judges", "*dialogismōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of thoughts/reasonings", "*ponērōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - evil/wicked" }, "variants": { "*diekrithēte*": "made distinctions/doubted/were divided/discriminated", "*egenesthe*": "became/have become", "*kritai*": "judges/arbiters", "*dialogismōn*": "thoughts/reasonings/opinions/deliberations", "*ponērōn*": "evil/wicked/corrupt/wrong" } } 5 { "verseID": "James.2.5", "source": "Ἀκούσατε, ἀδελφοί μου ἀγαπητοί, οὐχ ὁ Θεὸς ἐξελέξατο τοὺς πτωχοὺς τοῦ κόσμου τούτου πλουσίους ἐν πίστει, καὶ κληρονόμους τῆς βασιλείας ἧς ἐπηγγείλατο τοῖς ἀγαπῶσιν αὐτόν;", "text": "*Akousate*, *adelphoi* my *agapētoi*, not the *Theos exelexato* the *ptōchous* of the *kosmou* this *plousious* in *pistei*, and *klēronomous* of the *basileias* which *epēngeilato* to the *agapōsin* him?", "grammar": { "*Akousate*": "aorist, active, imperative, 2nd person plural - listen/hear", "*adelphoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - brothers", "μου": "genitive, first person, singular - my", "*agapētoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - beloved", "οὐχ": "negative particle (interrogative) - not", "ὁ *Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*exelexato*": "aorist, middle, indicative, 3rd person singular - chose/selected", "τοὺς *ptōchous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - the poor", "τοῦ *kosmou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of the world", "τούτου": "genitive, masculine, singular, demonstrative - this", "*plousious*": "accusative, masculine, plural - rich", "ἐν *pistei*": "dative, feminine, singular - in faith", "*klēronomous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - heirs", "τῆς *basileias*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of the kingdom", "ἧς": "genitive, feminine, singular, relative pronoun - which", "*epēngeilato*": "aorist, middle, indicative, 3rd person singular - he promised", "τοῖς *agapōsin*": "dative, masculine, plural, present participle - to those loving", "αὐτόν": "accusative, masculine, singular - him" }, "variants": { "*Akousate*": "listen/hear/pay attention", "*adelphoi*": "brothers/fellow believers/siblings in faith", "*agapētoi*": "beloved/dear ones", "*Theos*": "God/deity", "*exelexato*": "chose/selected/elected", "*ptōchous*": "poor/destitute/beggars", "*kosmou*": "world/universe/realm/order", "*plousious*": "rich/wealthy", "*pistei*": "faith/belief/trust", "*klēronomous*": "heirs/inheritors", "*basileias*": "kingdom/reign/rule", "*epēngeilato*": "promised/pledged", "*agapōsin*": "loving/cherishing" } } 6 { "verseID": "James.2.6", "source": "Ὑμεῖς δὲ ἠτιμάσατε τὸν πτωχόν. Οὐχ οἱ πλούσιοι καταδυναστεύουσιν ὑμῶν, καὶ αὐτοὶ ἕλκουσιν ὑμᾶς εἰς κριτήρια;", "text": "You *de ētimasate* the *ptōchon*. Not the *plousioi katadynasteuousin* you, and they *helkousin* you into *kritēria*?", "grammar": { "Ὑμεῖς": "nominative, second person, plural - you", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*ētimasate*": "aorist, active, indicative, 2nd person plural - you dishonored", "τὸν *ptōchon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - the poor man", "Οὐχ": "negative particle (interrogative) - not", "οἱ *plousioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - the rich", "*katadynasteuousin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - they oppress", "ὑμῶν": "genitive, second person, plural - of you", "αὐτοὶ": "nominative, masculine, plural, intensive pronoun - they themselves", "*helkousin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - they drag", "ὑμᾶς": "accusative, second person, plural - you", "εἰς": "preposition + accusative - into", "*kritēria*": "accusative, neuter, plural - courts/tribunals" }, "variants": { "*ētimasate*": "dishonored/despised/treated with contempt", "*ptōchon*": "poor person/beggar/destitute individual", "*plousioi*": "rich people/wealthy ones", "*katadynasteuousin*": "oppress/dominate/exercise power over", "*helkousin*": "drag/pull/haul/draw", "*kritēria*": "courts/tribunals/judgment seats" } } 7 { "verseID": "James.2.7", "source": "Οὐκ αὐτοὶ βλασφημοῦσιν τὸ καλὸν ὄνομα τὸ ἐπικληθὲν ἐφʼ ὑμᾶς;", "text": "Not they *blasphēmousin* the *kalon onoma* the *epiklēthen* upon you?", "grammar": { "Οὐκ": "negative particle (interrogative) - not", "αὐτοὶ": "nominative, masculine, plural, intensive pronoun - they themselves", "*blasphēmousin*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person plural - they blaspheme/slander", "τὸ *kalon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - the good/noble", "*onoma*": "accusative, neuter, singular - name", "τὸ *epiklēthen*": "accusative, neuter, singular, aorist passive participle - the having been called/invoked", "ἐφʼ": "preposition (ἐπί) + accusative - upon", "ὑμᾶς": "accusative, second person, plural - you" }, "variants": { "*blasphēmousin*": "blaspheme/slander/speak evil of/revile", "*kalon*": "good/noble/honorable/excellent", "*onoma*": "name/reputation/person", "*epiklēthen*": "called/invoked/proclaimed" } }
• Rev 6:15-17 : 15 { "verseID": "Revelation.6.15", "source": "Καὶ οἱ βασιλεῖς τῆς γῆς, καὶ οἱ μεγιστᾶνες, καὶ οἱ πλούσιοι, καὶ οἱ χιλίαρχοι, καὶ οἱ ἰσχυροί, καὶ πᾶς δοῦλος, καὶ πᾶς ἐλεύθερος, ἔκρυψαν ἑαυτοὺς εἰς τὰ σπήλαια καὶ εἰς τὰς πέτρας τῶν ὀρέων·", "text": "And the *basileis* of the *gēs*, and the *megistanes*, and the *plousioi*, and the *chiliarchoi*, and the *ischyroi*, and every *doulos*, and every *eleutheros*, *ekrypsan* themselves into the *spēlaia* and into the *petras* of the *oreōn*;", "grammar": { "*basileis*": "nominative, masculine, plural - kings", "*gēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - earth/land", "*megistanes*": "nominative, masculine, plural - great ones/nobles", "*plousioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - rich ones", "*chiliarchoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - commanders/captains", "*ischyroi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - strong ones/mighty ones", "*doulos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - slave/servant", "*eleutheros*": "nominative, masculine, singular - free person", "*ekrypsan*": "aorist, 3rd person plural - hid", "*spēlaia*": "accusative, neuter, plural - caves", "*petras*": "accusative, feminine, plural - rocks", "*oreōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - of mountains" }, "variants": { "*basileis*": "kings/rulers/monarchs", "*gēs*": "earth/land/world/territory", "*megistanes*": "great ones/nobles/magnates/high officials", "*plousioi*": "rich ones/wealthy people", "*chiliarchoi*": "commanders/military officers/captains of thousands", "*ischyroi*": "strong ones/mighty ones/powerful people", "*doulos*": "slave/servant/bondservant", "*eleutheros*": "free person/freedman", "*ekrypsan*": "hid/concealed", "*spēlaia*": "caves/caverns", "*petras*": "rocks/crags/stone formations", "*oreōn*": "mountains/hills" } } 16 { "verseID": "Revelation.6.16", "source": "Καὶ λέγουσιν τοῖς ὄρεσιν καὶ ταῖς πέτραις, Πέσετε ἐφʼ ἡμᾶς, καὶ κρύψατε ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ προσώπου τοῦ καθημένου ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου, καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς ὀργῆς τοῦ Ἀρνίου:", "text": "And *legousin* to the *oresin* and to the *petrais*, *Pesete* upon us, and *krypsate* us from *prosōpou* of the *kathēmenou* upon the *thronou*, and from the *orgēs* of the *Arniou*:", "grammar": { "*legousin*": "present, 3rd person plural - they say/are saying", "*oresin*": "dative, neuter, plural - to mountains", "*petrais*": "dative, feminine, plural - to rocks", "*Pesete*": "aorist imperative, 2nd person plural - fall", "*krypsate*": "aorist imperative, 2nd person plural - hide", "*prosōpou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - face/presence", "*kathēmenou*": "present participle, genitive, masculine, singular - of the one sitting", "*thronou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of throne", "*orgēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of wrath/anger", "*Arniou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - of Lamb" }, "variants": { "*legousin*": "say/tell/speak", "*oresin*": "mountains/hills", "*petrais*": "rocks/crags/stone formations", "*Pesete*": "fall/drop/come down", "*krypsate*": "hide/conceal/cover", "*prosōpou*": "face/presence/appearance", "*kathēmenou*": "one sitting/one who sits/one enthroned", "*thronou*": "throne/seat of authority", "*orgēs*": "wrath/anger/rage", "*Arniou*": "Lamb/little lamb" } } 17 { "verseID": "Revelation.6.17", "source": "Ὅτι ἦλθεν ἡ ἡμέρα ἡ μεγάλη τῆς ὀργῆς αὐτοῦ· καὶ τίς δύναται σταθῆναι;", "text": "Because *ēlthen* the *hēmera* the *megalē* of the *orgēs* of him; and who *dynatai* *stathēnai*?", "grammar": { "*ēlthen*": "aorist, 3rd person singular - came/has come", "*hēmera*": "nominative, feminine, singular - day", "*megalē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - great", "*orgēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of wrath/anger", "*dynatai*": "present middle, 3rd person singular - is able", "*stathēnai*": "aorist passive infinitive - to stand/to be established" }, "variants": { "*ēlthen*": "came/has come/arrived", "*hēmera*": "day/time/period", "*megalē*": "great/large/important", "*orgēs*": "wrath/anger/rage", "*dynatai*": "is able/can/has power", "*stathēnai*": "to stand/to withstand/to remain standing/to endure" } }
• 1 Sam 2:7-8 : 7 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.2.7", "source": "יְהוָ֖ה מוֹרִ֣ישׁ וּמַעֲשִׁ֑יר מַשְׁפִּ֖יל אַף־מְרוֹמֵֽם׃", "text": "*YHWH* *môrîš* and *maʿăšîr*; *mašpîl* also-*mərômēm*.", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*môrîš*": "Hiphil participle masculine singular - makes poor/impoverishes", "*maʿăšîr*": "Hiphil participle masculine singular - makes rich/enriches", "*mašpîl*": "Hiphil participle masculine singular - brings low/humbles", "*mərômēm*": "Polel participle masculine singular - exalts/lifts up" }, "variants": { "*môrîš*": "makes poor/impoverishes/brings to poverty", "*maʿăšîr*": "makes rich/enriches/brings to wealth", "*mašpîl*": "brings low/humbles/debases", "*mərômēm*": "exalts/lifts up/raises high" } } 8 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.2.8", "source": "מֵקִ֨ים מֵעָפָ֜ר דָּ֗ל מֵֽאַשְׁפֹּת֙ יָרִ֣ים אֶבְי֔וֹן לְהוֹשִׁיב֙ עִם־נְדִיבִ֔ים וְכִסֵּ֥א כָב֖וֹד יַנְחִלֵ֑ם כִּ֤י לַֽיהוָה֙ מְצֻ֣קֵי אֶ֔רֶץ וַיָּ֥שֶׁת עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם תֵּבֵֽל׃", "text": "*mēqîm* from *ʿāfār* *dal*, from *ʾašpōt* *yārîm* *ʾebyôn*, *ləhôšîb* with-*nədîbîm*, and *kissēʾ* of *kābôd* *yanḥîlēm*; because to *YHWH* *məṣuqê* *ʾereṣ*, and *wayyāšet* upon them *tēbēl*.", "grammar": { "*mēqîm*": "Hiphil participle masculine singular - raises up", "*ʿāfār*": "noun masculine singular - dust", "*dal*": "adjective masculine singular - poor/weak", "*ʾašpōt*": "noun masculine/feminine plural construct - ash heap/dunghill", "*yārîm*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - lifts up", "*ʾebyôn*": "adjective masculine singular - needy/poor", "*ləhôšîb*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - to cause to sit/to set", "*nədîbîm*": "adjective masculine plural - nobles/princes", "*kissēʾ*": "noun masculine singular construct - throne of", "*kābôd*": "noun masculine singular - glory/honor", "*yanḥîlēm*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he causes them to inherit", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*məṣuqê*": "noun masculine plural construct - pillars/foundations of", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun feminine singular - earth/land", "*wayyāšet*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular apocopated - and he set/placed", "*tēbēl*": "noun feminine singular - world/inhabited earth" }, "variants": { "*dal*": "poor/weak/thin/lowly", "*ʾašpōt*": "ash heap/dunghill/refuse pile", "*ʾebyôn*": "needy/poor/destitute", "*nədîbîm*": "nobles/princes/generous ones", "*kābôd*": "glory/honor/splendor", "*məṣuqê*": "pillars/foundations/supports", "*tēbēl*": "world/inhabited earth/habitable land" } }
• Job 34:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Job.34.19", "source": "אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־נָשָׂ֨א ׀ פְּנֵ֥י שָׂרִ֗ים וְלֹ֣א נִכַּר־שׁ֭וֹעַ לִפְנֵי־דָ֑ל כִּֽי־מַעֲשֵׂ֖ה יָדָ֣יו כֻּלָּֽם׃", "text": "*ʾăšer* *lōʾ-nāśāʾ* *pənê* *śārîm* *wə-lōʾ* *nikkar-šôaʿ* *lipnê-dāl* *kî-maʿăśēh* *yādāyw* *kullām*", "grammar": { "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*nāśāʾ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - lifts/shows favoritism", "*pənê*": "masculine plural construct noun - faces of", "*śārîm*": "masculine plural noun - princes", "*wə-lōʾ*": "waw conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*nikkar*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - recognizes/acknowledges", "*šôaʿ*": "masculine singular adjective - noble", "*lipnê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct noun - before/above", "*dāl*": "masculine singular adjective - poor", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*maʿăśēh*": "masculine singular construct noun - work of", "*yādāyw*": "feminine dual noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hands", "*kullām*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - all of them" }, "variants": { "*nāśāʾ pənê*": "shows favoritism/is partial to/gives special treatment", "*śārîm*": "princes/officials/rulers", "*nikkar*": "recognizes/acknowledges/gives preference to", "*šôaʿ*": "noble/wealthy/aristocrat", "*dāl*": "poor/weak/lowly", "*maʿăśēh yādāyw*": "work of his hands/his creation/what he has made", "*kullām*": "all of them/each of them/they all" } }
• Prov 22:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Proverbs.22.2", "source": "עָשִׁ֣יר וָרָ֣שׁ נִפְגָּ֑שׁוּ עֹשֵׂ֖ה כֻלָּ֣ם יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*'āšîr* and *rāš* *nipgāšû*, *'ōśêh* all-of-them *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*'āšîr*": "adjective used as noun, masculine singular - rich man", "*rāš*": "adjective used as noun, masculine singular - poor man", "*nipgāšû*": "verb, Niphal perfect, 3rd person plural - they meet/encounter each other", "*'ōśêh*": "verb, Qal participle, masculine singular construct - maker of", "all-of-them": "noun with pronominal suffix, *kullām* - all of them", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD" }, "variants": { "*'āšîr*": "rich (person)/wealthy one", "*rāš*": "poor (person)/impoverished one", "*nipgāšû*": "they meet/they encounter one another", "*'ōśêh*": "maker/creator/doer" } }
• Jer 5:4-5 : 4 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.5.4", "source": "וַאֲנִ֣י אָמַ֔רְתִּי אַךְ־דַּלִּ֖ים הֵ֑ם נוֹאֲל֕וּ כִּ֣י לֹ֤א יָדְעוּ֙ דֶּ֣רֶךְ יְהוָ֔ה מִשְׁפַּ֖ט אֱלֹהֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And *'ănî* *'āmartî*, surely-*dallîm* they are; they *nô'ălû* because not they *yādə'û* *derek* *YHWH*, *mišpaṭ* their *'ĕlōhîm*.", "grammar": { "*wa*": "conjunction - and", "*'ănî*": "pronoun, 1st singular - I", "*'āmartî*": "perfect, 1st singular - I said", "*'ak*": "adverb - surely/only/indeed", "*dallîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - poor/low/weak", "*hēm*": "pronoun, 3rd masculine plural - they", "*nô'ălû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, niphal - they became foolish", "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*yādə'û*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they knew", "*derek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - way/road/manner", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*mišpaṭ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - judgment/justice", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their God" }, "variants": { "*dallîm*": "poor/weak/insignificant/low", "*nô'ălû*": "they became foolish/were senseless/acted foolishly", "*derek*": "way/road/path/manner/conduct", "*mišpaṭ*": "judgment/justice/ordinance/custom" } } 5 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.5.5", "source": "אֵֽלֲכָה־לִּ֤י אֶל־הַגְּדֹלִים֙ וַאֲדַבְּרָ֣ה אוֹתָ֔ם כִּ֣י הֵ֗מָּה יָדְעוּ֙ דֶּ֣רֶךְ יְהוָ֔ה מִשְׁפַּ֖ט אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֑ם אַ֣ךְ הֵ֤מָּה יַחְדָּו֙ שָׁ֣בְרוּ עֹ֔ל נִתְּק֖וּ מוֹסֵרֽוֹת׃", "text": "*'ēlăkâ*-to me to-*haggədōlîm* and *'ădabbərâ* them, for *hēmmâ* *yādə'û* *derek* *YHWH*, *mišpaṭ* their *'ĕlōhîm*; surely *hēmmâ* *yaḥdāw* *šābərû* *'ōl*, *nittəqû* *môsērôt*.", "grammar": { "*'ēlăkâ*": "cohortative, 1st singular - I will go", "*lî*": "preposition + 1st singular suffix - to me/for myself", "*'el*": "preposition - to/toward", "*haggədōlîm*": "article + adjective, masculine plural - the great ones", "*wa*": "conjunction - and", "*'ădabbərâ*": "cohortative, 1st singular, piel - I will speak", "*'ôtām*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*hēmmâ*": "pronoun, 3rd masculine plural - they", "*yādə'û*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they knew", "*derek*": "noun, masculine singular construct - way/road", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*mišpaṭ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - judgment/justice", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their God", "*'ak*": "adverb - surely/only", "*yaḥdāw*": "adverb - together/altogether", "*šābərû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they broke", "*'ōl*": "noun, masculine singular - yoke", "*nittəqû*": "perfect, 3rd plural, piel - they tore off/burst", "*môsērôt*": "noun, feminine plural - bonds/fetters" }, "variants": { "*'ēlăkâ*-*lî*": "I will go (for myself)", "*haggədōlîm*": "the great ones/leaders/nobles", "*yaḥdāw*": "together/all at once/alike", "*šābərû*": "they broke/shattered/destroyed", "*'ōl*": "yoke/burden", "*nittəqû*": "they tore off/burst/broke away", "*môsērôt*": "bonds/fetters/restraints" } }
• Jas 1:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "James.1.9", "source": "Καυχάσθω δὲ ὁ ἀδελφὸς ὁ ταπεινὸς ἐν τῷ ὕψει αὐτοῦ:", "text": "Let *kauchastho* and the *adelphos* the *tapeinos* in the *hypsei* of him:", "grammar": { "*kauchastho*": "present, middle, imperative, 3rd person singular - let him boast", "*adelphos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - subject", "*tapeinos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - adjective modifying *adelphos*", "*hypsei*": "dative, neuter, singular - location/sphere (in height)" }, "variants": { "*kauchastho*": "let him boast/glory/exult", "*adelphos*": "brother/fellow believer", "*tapeinos*": "lowly/humble/poor/of low position", "*hypsei*": "height/exaltation/high position" } } 10 { "verseID": "James.1.10", "source": "Ὁ δὲ πλούσιος ἐν τῇ ταπεινώσει αὐτοῦ: ὅτι ὡς ἄνθος χόρτου παρελεύσεται.", "text": "And the *plousios* in the *tapeinōsei* of him: because as *anthos* of *chortou* he will *pareleusetai*.", "grammar": { "*plousios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - subject (rich man)", "*tapeinōsei*": "dative, feminine, singular - location/sphere (in humiliation)", "*anthos*": "nominative, neuter, singular - subject of comparison", "*chortou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - possessive (of grass)", "*pareleusetai*": "future, middle, indicative, 3rd person singular - will pass away" }, "variants": { "*plousios*": "rich person/wealthy man", "*tapeinōsei*": "humiliation/low position/lowliness", "*anthos*": "flower/blossom", "*chortou*": "grass/vegetation/field plant", "*pareleusetai*": "will pass away/will disappear/will fade" } } 11 { "verseID": "James.1.11", "source": "Ἀνέτειλεν γὰρ ὁ ἥλιος σὺν τῷ καύσωνι, καὶ ἐξήρανεν τὸν χόρτον, καὶ τὸ ἄνθος αὐτοῦ ἐξέπεσεν, καὶ ἡ εὐπρέπεια τοῦ προσώπου αὐτοῦ ἀπώλετο: οὕτως καὶ ὁ πλούσιος ἐν ταῖς πορείαις αὐτοῦ μαρανθήσεται.", "text": "*Aneteilen* for the *hēlios* with the *kausōni*, and *exēranen* the *chorton*, and the *anthos* of it *exepesen*, and the *euprepeia* of the *prosōpou* of it *apōleto*: thus also the *plousios* in the *poreiais* of him will be *maranthēsetai*.", "grammar": { "*Aneteilen*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - rose", "*hēlios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - subject", "*kausōni*": "dative, masculine, singular - accompanying circumstance (with scorching heat)", "*exēranen*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - withered", "*chorton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - direct object", "*anthos*": "nominative, neuter, singular - subject", "*exepesen*": "aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - fell off", "*euprepeia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - subject", "*prosōpou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - possessive (of appearance)", "*apōleto*": "aorist, middle, indicative, 3rd person singular - perished", "*plousios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - subject", "*poreiais*": "dative, feminine, plural - location (in pursuits)", "*maranthēsetai*": "future, passive, indicative, 3rd person singular - will wither" }, "variants": { "*Aneteilen*": "rose/came up", "*hēlios*": "sun", "*kausōni*": "scorching heat/burning wind", "*exēranen*": "withered/dried up/scorched", "*chorton*": "grass/vegetation", "*exepesen*": "fell off/dropped/fell away", "*euprepeia*": "beauty/comeliness/attractiveness", "*prosōpou*": "appearance/face/countenance", "*apōleto*": "perished/was destroyed/disappeared", "*poreiais*": "pursuits/ways/journeys/undertakings", "*maranthēsetai*": "will wither/will fade away/will waste away" } }