Job 30:1-9 : 1 {
"verseID": "Job.30.1",
"source": "וְעַתָּ֤ה ׀ שָֽׂחֲק֣וּ עָלַי֮ צְעִירִ֥ים מִמֶּ֗נִּי לְיָ֫מִ֥ים אֲשֶׁר־מָאַ֥סְתִּי אֲבוֹתָ֑ם לָ֝שִׁ֗ית עִם־כַּלְבֵ֥י צֹאנִֽי",
"text": "And *ʿattâ* they *śāḥăqû* upon me *ṣəʿîrîm* from me in *yāmîm* whom I *māʾastî* their *ʾăḇôṯām*, *lāśîṯ* with *kalḇê* of my *ṣōʾnî*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-*": "conjunction - and/but/now",
"*ʿattâ*": "adverb - now",
"*śāḥăqû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they laugh/mock",
"*ʿālay*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - upon me",
"*ṣəʿîrîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - younger ones",
"*mimmennî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - from me/than me",
"*lə-yāmîm*": "preposition with noun, masculine plural - for days/in age",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which/that",
"*māʾastî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I rejected/despised",
"*ʾăḇôṯām*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their fathers",
"*lāśîṯ*": "preposition with infinitive construct - to place/set/appoint",
"*ʿim-kalḇê*": "preposition with noun, masculine plural construct - with dogs of",
"*ṣōʾnî*": "noun, common singular with 1st person singular suffix - my flock/sheep"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿattâ*": "now/at this time",
"*śāḥăqû*": "laugh at/mock/deride",
"*ṣəʿîrîm*": "younger ones/youth/juniors",
"*yāmîm*": "days/age/years",
"*māʾastî*": "rejected/despised/refused",
"*lāśîṯ*": "to place/to set/to appoint",
"*kalḇê*": "dogs/contemptible persons"
}
}
2 {
"verseID": "Job.30.2",
"source": "גַּם־כֹּ֣חַ יְ֭דֵיהֶם לָ֣מָּה לִּ֑י עָ֝לֵ֗ימוֹ אָ֣בַד כָּֽלַח",
"text": "Even *kōaḥ* of their *yəḏêhem* *lāmmâ* to me, upon them *ʾāḇaḏ* *kālaḥ*",
"grammar": {
"*gam*": "adverb/conjunction - also/even/moreover",
"*kōaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - strength of",
"*yəḏêhem*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their hands",
"*lāmmâ*": "interrogative adverb - why/for what purpose",
"*lî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - to me/for me",
"*ʿālêmô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix (poetic form) - upon them",
"*ʾāḇaḏ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - perished/was lost",
"*kālaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - vigor/full strength/old age"
},
"variants": {
"*kōaḥ*": "strength/power/ability",
"*yəḏêhem*": "their hands/their abilities",
"*lāmmâ*": "why/for what purpose/what use",
"*ʾāḇaḏ*": "perished/was lost/destroyed",
"*kālaḥ*": "vigor/full strength/maturity/old age"
}
}
3 {
"verseID": "Job.30.3",
"source": "בְּחֶ֥סֶר וּבְכָפָ֗ן גַּ֫לְמ֥וּד הַֽעֹרְקִ֥ים צִיָּ֑ה אֶ֝֗מֶשׁ שׁוֹאָ֥ה וּמְשֹׁאָֽה",
"text": "In *ḥeser* and in *ḵāp̄ān* *galmûḏ* the *ʿōrəqîm* *ṣiyyâ*, *ʾemeš* *šôʾâ* and *məšōʾâ*",
"grammar": {
"*bə-ḥeser*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular - in want/lack",
"*û-ḇə-ḵāp̄ān*": "conjunction with preposition with noun, masculine singular - and in famine/hunger",
"*galmûḏ*": "adjective, masculine singular - barren/desolate/solitary",
"*ha-ʿōrəqîm*": "definite article with verb, qal participle, masculine plural - the fleeing ones/gnawing",
"*ṣiyyâ*": "noun, feminine singular - dry/arid land/desert",
"*ʾemeš*": "adverb - yesterday/recently/formerly",
"*šôʾâ*": "noun, feminine singular - devastation/ruin/storm",
"*û-məšōʾâ*": "conjunction with noun, feminine singular - and desolation/waste"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥeser*": "want/need/lack/poverty",
"*ḵāp̄ān*": "famine/hunger/starvation",
"*galmûḏ*": "barren/desolate/solitary/lifeless",
"*ʿōrəqîm*": "fleeing ones/gnawing/those who gnaw",
"*ṣiyyâ*": "dry land/desert/wilderness",
"*ʾemeš*": "yesterday/recently/formerly/at night",
"*šôʾâ*": "devastation/ruin/storm/waste",
"*məšōʾâ*": "desolation/waste/ruin"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "Job.30.4",
"source": "הַקֹּטְפִ֣ים מַלּ֣וּחַ עֲלֵי־שִׂ֑יחַ וְשֹׁ֖רֶשׁ רְתָמִ֣ים לַחְמָֽם",
"text": "The *qōṭəp̄îm* *mallûaḥ* upon *śîaḥ* and *šōreš* *rəṯāmîm* their *laḥmām*",
"grammar": {
"*ha-qōṭəp̄îm*": "definite article with verb, qal participle, masculine plural - the ones plucking/gathering",
"*mallûaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - mallow/salt herb",
"*ʿălê-śîaḥ*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular - upon bush/shrub",
"*wə-šōreš*": "conjunction with noun, masculine singular construct - and root of",
"*rəṯāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - broom trees/juniper",
"*laḥmām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their bread/food"
},
"variants": {
"*qōṭəp̄îm*": "plucking/gathering/picking",
"*mallûaḥ*": "mallow/salt herb/purslane",
"*śîaḥ*": "bush/shrub/plant",
"*šōreš*": "root/base/foundation",
"*rəṯāmîm*": "broom trees/juniper/retem bushes",
"*laḥmām*": "their bread/their food/their sustenance"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "Job.30.5",
"source": "מִן־גֵּ֥ו יְגֹרָ֑שׁוּ יָרִ֥יעוּ עָ֝לֵ֗ימוֹ כַּגַּנָּֽב",
"text": "From *gêw* they *yəḡōrāšû*, they *yārîʿû* upon them like the *gannāḇ*",
"grammar": {
"*min-gêw*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular - from midst/community",
"*yəḡōrāšû*": "verb, pual imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they are driven out",
"*yārîʿû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they shout/cry out",
"*ʿălêmô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix (poetic form) - upon them",
"*ka-gannāḇ*": "preposition of comparison with noun, masculine singular - like the thief"
},
"variants": {
"*gêw*": "midst/community/society",
"*yəḡōrāšû*": "are driven out/expelled/banished",
"*yārîʿû*": "shout after/cry out/raise an alarm",
"*gannāḇ*": "thief/stealer/robber"
}
}
6 {
"verseID": "Job.30.6",
"source": "בַּעֲר֣וּץ נְחָלִ֣ים לִשְׁכֹּ֑ן חֹרֵ֖י עָפָ֣ר וְכֵפִֽים",
"text": "In *ʿărûṣ* *nəḥālîm* to *liškōn* *ḥōrê* *ʿāp̄ār* and *kêp̄îm*",
"grammar": {
"*ba-ʿărûṣ*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular construct - in gully/ravine of",
"*nəḥālîm*": "noun, masculine plural - wadis/valleys/streams",
"*liškōn*": "preposition with verb, qal infinitive construct - to dwell/inhabit",
"*ḥōrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - holes of/caves of",
"*ʿāp̄ār*": "noun, masculine singular - dust/earth/soil",
"*wə-kêp̄îm*": "conjunction with noun, masculine plural - and rocks/cliffs"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿărûṣ*": "gully/ravine/ditch",
"*nəḥālîm*": "wadis/valleys/streams/torrents",
"*liškōn*": "to dwell/to inhabit/to live",
"*ḥōrê*": "holes/caves/hollows",
"*ʿāp̄ār*": "dust/earth/soil/ground",
"*kêp̄îm*": "rocks/cliffs/crags"
}
}
7 {
"verseID": "Job.30.7",
"source": "בֵּין־שִׂיחִ֥ים יִנְהָ֑קוּ תַּ֖חַת חָר֣וּל יְסֻפָּֽחוּ",
"text": "Between *śîḥîm* they *yinhāqû*, under *ḥārûl* they *yəsuppāḥû*",
"grammar": {
"*bên-śîḥîm*": "preposition with noun, masculine plural - between bushes/shrubs",
"*yinhāqû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they bray/howl",
"*taḥat*": "preposition - under/beneath",
"*ḥārûl*": "noun, masculine singular - nettle/thorn bush",
"*yəsuppāḥû*": "verb, pual imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they are gathered/huddled together"
},
"variants": {
"*śîḥîm*": "bushes/shrubs/plants",
"*yinhāqû*": "bray/howl/cry out",
"*ḥārûl*": "nettle/thorn bush/bramble",
"*yəsuppāḥû*": "are gathered together/are huddled/are joined"
}
}
8 {
"verseID": "Job.30.8",
"source": "בְּֽנֵי־נָ֭בָל גַּם־בְּנֵ֣י בְלִי־שֵׁ֑ם נִ֝כְּא֗וּ מִן־הָאָֽרֶץ",
"text": "Sons of *nāḇāl* even sons of *ḇəlî-šēm* they are *nikkəʾû* from the *ʾāreṣ*",
"grammar": {
"*bənê-nāḇāl*": "noun, masculine plural construct with noun - sons of fool/senseless person",
"*gam-bənê*": "adverb with noun, masculine plural construct - even/also sons of",
"*ḇəlî-šēm*": "particle of negation with noun, masculine singular - without name/nameless",
"*nikkəʾû*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd person plural - they are beaten/struck/scourged",
"*min-hā-ʾāreṣ*": "preposition with definite article with noun, feminine singular - from the land/earth"
},
"variants": {
"*nāḇāl*": "fool/senseless person/godless person",
"*ḇəlî-šēm*": "without name/nameless/infamous",
"*nikkəʾû*": "beaten/struck/scourged/driven out",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/country/ground"
}
}
9 {
"verseID": "Job.30.9",
"source": "וְ֭עַתָּה נְגִינָתָ֣ם הָיִ֑יתִי וָאֱהִ֖י לָהֶ֣ם לְמִלָּֽה",
"text": "And *ʿattâ* their *nəḡînāṯām* I *hāyîṯî*, and I *wāʾĕhî* to them for *millâ*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-ʿattâ*": "conjunction with adverb - and now",
"*nəḡînāṯām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their song/mockery",
"*hāyîṯî*": "verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular - I have become/was",
"*wāʾĕhî*": "conjunction with verb, qal imperfect apocopated, 1st person singular - and I have become/am",
"*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them/for them",
"*lə-millâ*": "preposition with noun, feminine singular - for byword/object of talk"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿattâ*": "now/at this time",
"*nəḡînāṯām*": "their song/their mocking song/their taunt",
"*hāyîṯî*": "I have become/I was/I am",
"*lāhem*": "to them/for them",
"*millâ*": "byword/object of talk/proverb/jest"
}
}
10 {
"verseID": "Job.30.10",
"source": "תִּֽעֲבוּנִי רָ֣חֲקוּ מֶ֑נִּי וּ֝מִפָּנַ֗י לֹא־חָ֥שְׂכוּ רֹֽק",
"text": "They *tiʿăḇûnî* they *rāḥăqû* from me, and from my *mippānay* not they *ḥāśəḵû* *rōq*",
"grammar": {
"*tiʿăḇûnî*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd person plural with 1st person singular suffix - they abhor me",
"*rāḥăqû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they go far away/keep distance",
"*mennî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - from me",
"*û-mippānay*": "conjunction with preposition with noun, plural with 1st person singular suffix - and from my face",
"*lōʾ-ḥāśəḵû*": "negative particle with verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they do not withhold",
"*rōq*": "noun, masculine singular - spittle/spit"
},
"variants": {
"*tiʿăḇûnî*": "they abhor me/they detest me/they loathe me",
"*rāḥăqû*": "they go far away/they distance themselves/they stay far",
"*mippānay*": "from my face/from my presence",
"*ḥāśəḵû*": "withhold/keep back/restrain",
"*rōq*": "spittle/spit/saliva"
}
}
11 {
"verseID": "Job.30.11",
"source": "כִּֽי־*יתרו **יִתְרִ֣י פִ֭תַּח וַיְעַנֵּ֑נִי וְ֝רֶ֗סֶן מִפָּנַ֥י שִׁלֵּֽחוּ",
"text": "Because His *yiṯrî* He *pittaḥ* and He *wayəʿannēnî*, and the *resen* from my *mippānay* they *šillēḥû*",
"grammar": {
"*kî*": "conjunction - because/for",
"*yiṯrî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my cord/bowstring",
"*pittaḥ*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he loosed/opened",
"*wayəʿannēnî*": "conjunction with verb, piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - and he afflicted me",
"*wə-resen*": "conjunction with noun, masculine singular - and bridle/restraint",
"*mippānay*": "preposition with noun, plural with 1st person singular suffix - from my face/presence",
"*šillēḥû*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd person plural - they let loose/cast off"
},
"variants": {
"*yiṯrî*": "my cord/my bowstring/my tent-cord [text note: could be *yiṯrô* (his cord)]",
"*pittaḥ*": "loosed/opened/untied",
"*wayəʿannēnî*": "afflicted me/humbled me/oppressed me",
"*resen*": "bridle/restraint/halter",
"*šillēḥû*": "let loose/cast off/send away"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "Job.30.12",
"source": "עַל־יָמִין֮ פִּרְחַ֢ח יָ֫ק֥וּמוּ רַגְלַ֥י שִׁלֵּ֑חוּ וַיָּסֹ֥לּוּ עָ֝לַ֗י אָרְח֥וֹת אֵידָֽם",
"text": "Upon *yāmîn* *pirḥaḥ* they *yāqûmû*, my *raḡlay* they *šillēḥû*, and they *wayyāsōllû* upon me *ʾārḥôṯ* of their *ʾêḏām*",
"grammar": {
"*ʿal-yāmîn*": "preposition with noun, feminine singular - upon right side",
"*pirḥaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - brood/rabble",
"*yāqûmû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they rise/arise",
"*raḡlay*": "noun, feminine dual with 1st person singular suffix - my feet",
"*šillēḥû*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd person plural - they send away/push away",
"*wayyāsōllû*": "conjunction with verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they cast up/raise",
"*ʿālay*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - upon me/against me",
"*ʾārḥôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural construct - paths of/ways of",
"*ʾêḏām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their calamity/destruction"
},
"variants": {
"*yāmîn*": "right side/right hand/south",
"*pirḥaḥ*": "brood/rabble/young rabble",
"*yāqûmû*": "they rise/they arise/they stand up",
"*raḡlay*": "my feet/my legs",
"*šillēḥû*": "they send away/they push away/they drive off",
"*wayyāsōllû*": "they cast up/they raise/they heap up",
"*ʾārḥôṯ*": "paths/ways/roads",
"*ʾêḏām*": "their calamity/their destruction/their ruin"
}
}