Exod 1:9-9 : 9 {
"verseID": "Exodus.1.9",
"source": "וַיֹּ֖אמֶר אֶל־עַמּ֑וֹ הִנֵּ֗ה עַ֚ם בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל רַ֥ב וְעָצ֖וּם מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃",
"text": "And *way-yōʾmer* to *ʿammô* *hinnēh* *ʿam* *bənê* *yiśrāʾēl* *rab* and *ʿāṣûm* from us",
"grammar": {
"וַיֹּ֖אמֶר": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, vav-consecutive - 'and he said'",
"אֶל־עַמּ֑וֹ": "preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'to his people'",
"*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - 'behold'",
"*ʿam*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'people of'",
"*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - 'sons of'",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - 'Israel'",
"*rab*": "adjective, masculine singular - 'numerous'",
"וְעָצ֖וּם": "conjunction *wə-* + adjective, masculine singular - 'and mighty'",
"מִמֶּֽנּוּ": "preposition *min* + 1st person plural suffix - 'than us'"
},
"variants": {
"*way-yōʾmer*": "and he said, and he spoke",
"*ʿammô*": "his people, his nation",
"*hinnēh*": "behold, look, see",
"*ʿam*": "people, nation, folk",
"*rab*": "many, numerous, great, abundant",
"*ʿāṣûm*": "mighty, strong, powerful"
}
}
10 {
"verseID": "Exodus.1.10",
"source": "הָ֥בָה נִֽתְחַכְּמָ֖ה ל֑וֹ פֶּן־יִרְבֶּ֗ה וְהָיָ֞ה כִּֽי־תִקְרֶ֤אנָה מִלְחָמָה֙ וְנוֹסַ֤ף גַּם־הוּא֙ עַל־שֹׂ֣נְאֵ֔ינוּ וְנִלְחַם־בָּ֖נוּ וְעָלָ֥ה מִן־הָאָֽרֶץ׃",
"text": "*hābâ* *nit-ḥakkəmâ* to him *pen*-*yirbeh* and *hāyâ* when *tiqreʾnâ* *milḥāmâ* and *nôsap̄* also he upon *śōnʾênû* and *nilḥam* against us and *ʿālâ* from the *ʾāreṣ*",
"grammar": {
"*hābâ*": "imperative, 2nd masculine singular - 'come, give'",
"*nit-ḥakkəmâ*": "verb, Hithpael imperfect, 1st plural cohortative - 'let us deal wisely'",
"ל֑וֹ": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'to/with him/it'",
"*pen*-*yirbeh*": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'lest he multiply'",
"וְהָיָ֞ה": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and it will be'",
"כִּֽי־תִקְרֶ֤אנָה": "conjunction + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - 'when they happen'",
"*milḥāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - 'war'",
"וְנוֹסַ֤ף": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he will be added'",
"גַּם־הוּא֙": "adverb + 3rd masculine singular pronoun - 'also he'",
"עַל־שֹׂ֣נְאֵ֔ינוּ": "preposition + participle, masculine plural, Qal + 1st person plural suffix - 'upon those hating us'",
"וְנִלְחַם־בָּ֖נוּ": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular + preposition + 1st person plural suffix - 'and he will fight against us'",
"וְעָלָ֥ה": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'and he will go up'",
"מִן־הָאָֽרֶץ": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - 'from the land'"
},
"variants": {
"*hābâ*": "come, give, let us",
"*nit-ḥakkəmâ*": "let us deal wisely, let us act shrewdly",
"*pen*": "lest, otherwise",
"*yirbeh*": "he will multiply, increase, become many",
"*hāyâ*": "it will be, it will happen",
"*tiqreʾnâ*": "they happen, befall, occur",
"*milḥāmâ*": "war, battle, fighting",
"*nôsap̄*": "he will be added, joined",
"*śōnʾênû*": "those hating us, our enemies",
"*nilḥam*": "he will fight, do battle",
"*ʿālâ*": "he will go up, ascend, depart"
}
}
11 {
"verseID": "Exodus.1.11",
"source": "וַיָּשִׂ֤ימוּ עָלָיו֙ שָׂרֵ֣י מִסִּ֔ים לְמַ֥עַן עַנֹּת֖וֹ בְּסִבְלֹתָ֑ם וַיִּ֜בֶן עָרֵ֤י מִסְכְּנוֹת֙ לְפַרְעֹ֔ה אֶת־פִּתֹ֖ם וְאֶת־רַעַמְסֵֽס׃",
"text": "And *way-yāśîmû* upon him *śārê* *missîm* for purpose *ʿannōtô* with their *siḇlōtām* and *way-yiḇen* *ʿārê* *miskənôt* for *parʿōh* *ʾet*-*pitōm* and *ʾet*-*raʿamsēs*",
"grammar": {
"וַיָּשִׂ֤ימוּ": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, vav-consecutive - 'and they set'",
"עָלָיו֙": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'upon him/it'",
"*śārê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - 'chiefs of'",
"*missîm*": "noun, masculine plural - 'forced labor/tribute'",
"לְמַ֥עַן": "preposition - 'for the purpose of'",
"*ʿannōtô*": "infinitive construct, Piel + 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'afflicting him'",
"בְּסִבְלֹתָ֑ם": "preposition + noun, feminine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'with their burdens'",
"וַיִּ֜בֶן": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, vav-consecutive - 'and he built'",
"*ʿārê*": "noun, feminine plural construct - 'cities of'",
"*miskənôt*": "noun, feminine plural - 'storage'",
"לְפַרְעֹ֔ה": "preposition + proper noun - 'for Pharaoh'",
"אֶת־פִּתֹ֖ם": "direct object marker + proper noun - 'Pithom'",
"וְאֶת־רַעַמְסֵֽס": "conjunction *wə-* + direct object marker + proper noun - 'and Raamses'"
},
"variants": {
"*way-yāśîmû*": "they set, placed, appointed",
"*śārê*": "chiefs of, officials of, taskmasters of",
"*missîm*": "forced labors, slave labor, burdens, tribute",
"*ʿannōtô*": "afflicting him, oppressing him, humbling him",
"*siḇlōtām*": "their burdens, their forced labors",
"*way-yiḇen*": "he built, constructed",
"*ʿārê*": "cities of",
"*miskənôt*": "storage, supply, treasure"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "Exodus.1.12",
"source": "וְכַאֲשֶׁר֙ יְעַנּ֣וּ אֹת֔וֹ כֵּ֥ן יִרְבֶּ֖ה וְכֵ֣ן יִפְרֹ֑ץ וַיָּקֻ֕צוּ מִפְּנֵ֖י בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃",
"text": "And as *yəʿannû* *ʾōtô* thus *yirbeh* and thus *yip̄rōṣ* and *way-yāquṣû* from before *bənê* *yiśrāʾēl*",
"grammar": {
"וְכַאֲשֶׁר֙": "conjunction *wə-* + preposition + relative pronoun - 'and according to which'",
"*yəʿannû*": "verb, Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - 'they would afflict'",
"*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'him'",
"כֵּ֥ן": "adverb - 'thus, so'",
"*yirbeh*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'he would multiply'",
"וְכֵ֣ן": "conjunction *wə-* + adverb - 'and thus'",
"*yip̄rōṣ*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'he would spread'",
"וַיָּקֻ֕צוּ": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, vav-consecutive - 'and they loathed'",
"מִפְּנֵ֖י": "preposition *min* + construct - 'from before'",
"*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - 'sons of'",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - 'Israel'"
},
"variants": {
"*yəʿannû*": "they would afflict, oppress, humble",
"*yirbeh*": "he would multiply, increase, become numerous",
"*yip̄rōṣ*": "he would spread, break forth, increase",
"*way-yāquṣû*": "they loathed, abhorred, felt disgust"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "Exodus.1.13",
"source": "וַיַּעֲבִ֧דוּ מִצְרַ֛יִם אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בְּפָֽרֶךְ׃",
"text": "And *way-yaʿăḇidû* *miṣrayim* *ʾet*-*bənê* *yiśrāʾēl* with *pāreḵ*",
"grammar": {
"וַיַּעֲבִ֧דוּ": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, vav-consecutive - 'and they made work'",
"*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - 'Egypt/Egyptians'",
"אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural construct - 'sons of'",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - 'Israel'",
"בְּפָֽרֶךְ": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - 'with rigor'"
},
"variants": {
"*way-yaʿăḇidû*": "they made to serve, enslaved, forced to work",
"*pāreḵ*": "rigor, harshness, severity, cruelty"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "Exodus.1.14",
"source": "וַיְמָרְר֨וּ אֶת־חַיֵּיהֶ֜ם בַּעֲבֹדָ֣ה קָשָׁ֗ה בְּחֹ֙מֶר֙ וּבִלְבֵנִ֔ים וּבְכָל־עֲבֹדָ֖ה בַּשָּׂדֶ֑ה אֵ֚ת כָּל־עֲבֹ֣דָתָ֔ם אֲשֶׁר־עָבְד֥וּ בָהֶ֖ם בְּפָֽרֶךְ׃",
"text": "And *way-mārərû* *ʾet*-*ḥayyêhem* in *ʿăḇōdâ* *qāšâ* with *ḥōmer* and with *ləḇēnîm* and with all *ʿăḇōdâ* in the *śādeh* *ʾēt* all *ʿăḇōdātām* which *ʿāḇədû* with them with *pāreḵ*",
"grammar": {
"וַיְמָרְר֨וּ": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, vav-consecutive - 'and they made bitter'",
"אֶת־חַיֵּיהֶ֜ם": "direct object marker + noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'their lives'",
"בַּעֲבֹדָ֣ה": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - 'with labor'",
"*qāšâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - 'hard'",
"בְּחֹ֙מֶר֙": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - 'with mortar'",
"וּבִלְבֵנִ֔ים": "conjunction *wə-* + preposition + noun, feminine plural - 'and with bricks'",
"וּבְכָל־עֲבֹדָ֖ה": "conjunction *wə-* + preposition + noun, feminine singular - 'and with all labor'",
"בַּשָּׂדֶ֑ה": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - 'in the field'",
"אֵ֚ת": "direct object marker",
"כָּל־עֲבֹ֣דָתָ֔ם": "construct + noun, feminine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'all their labor'",
"אֲשֶׁר־עָבְד֥וּ": "relative pronoun + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd masculine plural - 'which they worked'",
"בָהֶ֖ם": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'with them'",
"בְּפָֽרֶךְ": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - 'with rigor'"
},
"variants": {
"*way-mārərû*": "they made bitter, embittered",
"*ḥayyêhem*": "their lives, their existence",
"*ʿăḇōdâ*": "labor, service, work, servitude",
"*qāšâ*": "hard, harsh, severe, cruel",
"*ḥōmer*": "mortar, clay, cement",
"*ləḇēnîm*": "bricks",
"*śādeh*": "field, country, open land",
"*ʿăḇōdātām*": "their service, their labor, their work",
"*ʿāḇədû*": "they worked, served, labored",
"*pāreḵ*": "rigor, harshness, cruelty"
}
}
15 {
"verseID": "Exodus.1.15",
"source": "וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ מֶ֣לֶך מִצְרַ֔יִם לַֽמְיַלְּדֹ֖ת הָֽעִבְרִיֹּ֑ת אֲשֶׁ֨ר שֵׁ֤ם הָֽאַחַת֙ שִׁפְרָ֔ה וְשֵׁ֥ם הַשֵּׁנִ֖ית פּוּעָֽה׃",
"text": "And *way-yōʾmer* *meleḵ* *miṣrayim* to the *məyallədōt* the *ʿiḇrîyōt* whom *šēm* the one *šip̄râ* and *šēm* the second *pûʿâ*",
"grammar": {
"וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, vav-consecutive - 'and he said'",
"*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'king of'",
"*miṣrayim*": "proper noun - 'Egypt'",
"לַֽמְיַלְּדֹ֖ת": "preposition + definite article + participle, feminine plural, Piel - 'to the midwives'",
"הָֽעִבְרִיֹּ֑ת": "definite article + adjective, feminine plural - 'the Hebrew'",
"אֲשֶׁ֨ר": "relative pronoun - 'who, whom'",
"שֵׁ֤ם": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'name of'",
"הָֽאַחַת֙": "definite article + cardinal number, feminine singular - 'the one'",
"*šip̄râ*": "proper noun - 'Shiphrah'",
"וְשֵׁ֥ם": "conjunction *wə-* + noun, masculine singular construct - 'and name of'",
"הַשֵּׁנִ֖ית": "definite article + ordinal number, feminine singular - 'the second'",
"*pûʿâ*": "proper noun - 'Puah'"
},
"variants": {
"*way-yōʾmer*": "and he said, spoke",
"*meleḵ*": "king, ruler",
"*məyallədōt*": "midwives, those helping in childbirth",
"*ʿiḇrîyōt*": "Hebrew (women)",
"*šēm*": "name",
"*šip̄râ*": "Shiphrah (possibly 'beautiful one')",
"*pûʿâ*": "Puah (possibly 'splendid')"
}
}
16 {
"verseID": "Exodus.1.16",
"source": "וַיֹּ֗אמֶר בְּיַלֶּדְכֶן֙ אֶת־הָֽעִבְרִיּ֔וֹת וּרְאִיתֶ֖ן עַל־הָאָבְנָ֑יִם אִם־בֵּ֥ן הוּא֙ וַהֲמִתֶּ֣ן אֹת֔וֹ וְאִם־בַּ֥ת הִ֖יא וָחָֽיָה׃",
"text": "And *way-yōʾmer* in your *yalledḵen* *ʾet* the *ʿiḇrîyôt* and *rəʾîten* upon the *ʾoḇnāyim* if *bēn* he is then *wăhămitten* *ʾōtô* and if *bat* she is then *wāḥāyâ*",
"grammar": {
"וַיֹּ֗אמֶר": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, vav-consecutive - 'and he said'",
"בְּיַלֶּדְכֶן֙": "preposition + infinitive construct, Piel + 2nd feminine plural suffix - 'when you help give birth'",
"אֶת־הָֽעִבְרִיּ֔וֹת": "direct object marker + definite article + adjective, feminine plural - 'the Hebrew women'",
"וּרְאִיתֶ֖ן": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal perfect, 2nd feminine plural - 'and you shall see'",
"עַל־הָאָבְנָ֑יִם": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine dual - 'upon the birthstool'",
"אִם־בֵּ֥ן": "conjunction + noun, masculine singular - 'if a son'",
"הוּא֙": "3rd masculine singular pronoun - 'he/it'",
"וַהֲמִתֶּ֣ן": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Hiphil perfect, 2nd feminine plural - 'then you shall kill'",
"אֹת֔וֹ": "direct object marker + 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'him'",
"וְאִם־בַּ֥ת": "conjunction *wə-* + conjunction + noun, feminine singular - 'and if a daughter'",
"הִ֖יא": "3rd feminine singular pronoun - 'she/it'",
"וָחָֽיָה": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - 'then she shall live'"
},
"variants": {
"*yalledḵen*": "your helping to give birth, your midwifery",
"*ʿiḇrîyôt*": "Hebrew women",
"*rəʾîten*": "you shall see, look, observe",
"*ʾoḇnāyim*": "birthstool, birthing stones, delivery stool",
"*bēn*": "son, male child",
"*wăhămitten*": "then you shall kill, put to death",
"*bat*": "daughter, female child",
"*wāḥāyâ*": "then she shall live, be allowed to live"
}
}
17 {
"verseID": "Exodus.1.17",
"source": "וַתִּירֶ֤אןָ הַֽמְיַלְּדֹת֙ אֶת־הָ֣אֱלֹהִ֔ים וְלֹ֣א עָשׂ֔וּ כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר דִּבֶּ֥ר אֲלֵיהֶ֖ן מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרָ֑יִם וַתְּחַיֶּ֖יןָ אֶת־הַיְלָדִֽים׃",
"text": "And *wat-tîreʾnâ* the *məyallədōt* *ʾet* the *ʾělōhîm* and *lōʾ* *ʿāśû* as *dibber* to them *meleḵ* *miṣrāyim* and *wat-təḥayyeynâ* *ʾet* the *yəlādîm*",
"grammar": {
"וַתִּירֶ֤אןָ": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural, vav-consecutive - 'and they feared'",
"הַֽמְיַלְּדֹת֙": "definite article + participle, feminine plural, Piel - 'the midwives'",
"אֶת־הָ֣אֱלֹהִ֔ים": "direct object marker + definite article + noun, masculine plural - 'God'",
"וְלֹ֣א": "conjunction *wə-* + negative particle - 'and not'",
"*ʿāśû*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - 'they did'",
"כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר": "preposition + relative pronoun - 'as'",
"*dibber*": "verb, Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - 'he spoke'",
"אֲלֵיהֶ֖ן": "preposition + 3rd feminine plural suffix - 'to them'",
"*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'king of'",
"*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - 'Egypt'",
"וַתְּחַיֶּ֖יןָ": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Piel imperfect, 3rd feminine plural, vav-consecutive - 'and they kept alive'",
"אֶת־הַיְלָדִֽים": "direct object marker + definite article + noun, masculine plural - 'the boys'"
},
"variants": {
"*wat-tîreʾnâ*": "they feared, revered, stood in awe of",
"*məyallədōt*": "midwives",
"*ʾělōhîm*": "God, gods, divine beings",
"*ʿāśû*": "they did, made, performed",
"*dibber*": "he spoke, commanded, ordered",
"*wat-təḥayyeynâ*": "they kept alive, preserved life, let live",
"*yəlādîm*": "boys, male children"
}
}
18 {
"verseID": "Exodus.1.18",
"source": "וַיִּקְרָ֤א מֶֽלֶךְ־מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ לַֽמְיַלְּדֹ֔ת וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָהֶ֔ן מַדּ֥וּעַ עֲשִׂיתֶ֖ן הַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֑ה וַתְּחַיֶּ֖יןָ אֶת־הַיְלָדִֽים׃",
"text": "And *way-yiqrāʾ* *meleḵ*-*miṣrayim* to the *məyallədōt* and *way-yōʾmer* to them *maddûaʿ* *ʿăśîten* the *dāḇār* the *zeh* and *wat-təḥayyeynâ* *ʾet* the *yəlādîm*",
"grammar": {
"וַיִּקְרָ֤א": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, vav-consecutive - 'and he called'",
"מֶֽלֶךְ־מִצְרַ֙יִם֙": "noun, masculine singular construct + proper noun - 'king of Egypt'",
"לַֽמְיַלְּדֹ֔ת": "preposition + definite article + participle, feminine plural, Piel - 'to the midwives'",
"וַיֹּ֣אמֶר": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, vav-consecutive - 'and he said'",
"לָהֶ֔ן": "preposition + 3rd feminine plural suffix - 'to them'",
"*maddûaʿ*": "interrogative adverb - 'why'",
"*ʿăśîten*": "verb, Qal perfect, 2nd feminine plural - 'you have done'",
"הַדָּבָ֣ר": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - 'the thing'",
"הַזֶּ֑ה": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - 'this'",
"וַתְּחַיֶּ֖יןָ": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Piel imperfect, 3rd feminine plural, vav-consecutive - 'and you have kept alive'",
"אֶת־הַיְלָדִֽים": "direct object marker + definite article + noun, masculine plural - 'the boys'"
},
"variants": {
"*way-yiqrāʾ*": "and he called, summoned",
"*maddûaʿ*": "why, for what reason",
"*ʿăśîten*": "you have done, performed, acted",
"*dāḇār*": "thing, matter, word",
"*zeh*": "this"
}
}
19 {
"verseID": "Exodus.1.19",
"source": "וַתֹּאמַ֤רְןָ הַֽמְיַלְּדֹת֙ אֶל־פַּרְעֹ֔ה כִּ֣י לֹ֧א כַנָּשִׁ֛ים הַמִּצְרִיֹּ֖ת הָֽעִבְרִיֹּ֑ת כִּֽי־חָי֣וֹת הֵ֔נָּה בְּטֶ֨רֶם תָּב֧וֹא אֲלֵהֶ֛ן הַמְיַלֶּ֖דֶת וְיָלָֽדוּ׃",
"text": "And *wat-tōʾmarnâ* the *məyallədōt* to *parʿōh* that *lōʾ* like the *nāšîm* the *miṣrîyōt* the *ʿiḇrîyōt* for *ḥāyôt* they are before *tāḇôʾ* to them the *məyalledet* and they *yālādû*",
"grammar": {
"וַתֹּאמַ֤רְןָ": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural, vav-consecutive - 'and they said'",
"הַֽמְיַלְּדֹת֙": "definite article + participle, feminine plural, Piel - 'the midwives'",
"אֶל־פַּרְעֹ֔ה": "preposition + proper noun - 'to Pharaoh'",
"כִּ֣י": "conjunction - 'for, because'",
"לֹ֧א": "negative particle - 'not'",
"כַנָּשִׁ֛ים": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine plural - 'like the women'",
"הַמִּצְרִיֹּ֖ת": "definite article + adjective, feminine plural - 'the Egyptian'",
"הָֽעִבְרִיֹּ֑ת": "definite article + adjective, feminine plural - 'the Hebrew'",
"כִּֽי־חָי֣וֹת": "conjunction + adjective, feminine plural - 'for lively/vigorous'",
"הֵ֔נָּה": "3rd feminine plural pronoun - 'they'",
"בְּטֶ֨רֶם": "preposition + adverb - 'before'",
"תָּב֧וֹא": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - 'she comes'",
"אֲלֵהֶ֛ן": "preposition + 3rd feminine plural suffix - 'to them'",
"הַמְיַלֶּ֖דֶת": "definite article + participle, feminine singular, Piel - 'the midwife'",
"וְיָלָֽדוּ": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - 'and they give birth'"
},
"variants": {
"*wat-tōʾmarnâ*": "and they said, spoke",
"*məyallədōt*": "midwives",
"*nāšîm*": "women",
"*miṣrîyōt*": "Egyptian (women)",
"*ʿiḇrîyōt*": "Hebrew (women)",
"*ḥāyôt*": "lively, vigorous, strong, animal-like",
"*tāḇôʾ*": "she comes, arrives",
"*məyalledet*": "midwife",
"*yālādû*": "they give birth, deliver"
}
}
20 {
"verseID": "Exodus.1.20",
"source": "וַיֵּ֥יטֶב אֱלֹהִ֖ים לַֽמְיַלְּדֹ֑ת וַיִּ֧רֶב הָעָ֛ם וַיַּֽעַצְמ֖וּ מְאֹֽד׃",
"text": "And *way-yêṭeḇ* *ʾělōhîm* to the *məyallədōt* and *way-yireḇ* the *ʿām* and *way-yaʿaṣmû* *məʾōd*",
"grammar": {
"וַיֵּ֥יטֶב": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, vav-consecutive - 'and he did good'",
"*ʾělōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - 'God'",
"לַֽמְיַלְּדֹ֑ת": "preposition + definite article + participle, feminine plural, Piel - 'to the midwives'",
"וַיִּ֧רֶב": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, vav-consecutive - 'and he multiplied'",
"הָעָ֛ם": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - 'the people'",
"וַיַּֽעַצְמ֖וּ": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, vav-consecutive - 'and they became mighty'",
"*məʾōd*": "adverb - 'very, exceedingly'"
},
"variants": {
"*way-yêṭeḇ*": "he did good to, treated well, dealt favorably with",
"*ʾělōhîm*": "God, gods",
"*way-yireḇ*": "he multiplied, increased, made numerous",
"*ʿām*": "people, nation",
"*way-yaʿaṣmû*": "they became mighty, strong, powerful"
}
}
21 {
"verseID": "Exodus.1.21",
"source": "וַיְהִ֕י כִּֽי־יָֽרְא֥וּ הַֽמְיַלְּדֹ֖ת אֶת־הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים וַיַּ֥עַשׂ לָהֶ֖ם בָּתִּֽים׃",
"text": "And *way-hî* because *yārəʾû* the *məyallədōt* *ʾet* the *ʾělōhîm* and *way-yaʿaś* for them *bāttîm*",
"grammar": {
"וַיְהִ֕י": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, vav-consecutive - 'and it happened'",
"כִּֽי־יָֽרְא֥וּ": "conjunction + verb, Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - 'because they feared'",
"הַֽמְיַלְּדֹ֖ת": "definite article + participle, feminine plural, Piel - 'the midwives'",
"אֶת־הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים": "direct object marker + definite article + noun, masculine plural - 'God'",
"וַיַּ֥עַשׂ": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, vav-consecutive - 'and he made'",
"לָהֶ֖ם": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'for them'",
"בָּתִּֽים": "noun, masculine plural - 'houses'"
},
"variants": {
"*way-hî*": "and it happened, came to pass",
"*yārəʾû*": "they feared, revered, stood in awe of",
"*way-yaʿaś*": "he made, established, built",
"*bāttîm*": "houses, households, families, dynasties"
}
}
22 {
"verseID": "Exodus.1.22",
"source": "וַיְצַ֣ו פַּרְעֹ֔ה לְכָל־עַמּ֖וֹ לֵאמֹ֑ר כָּל־הַבֵּ֣ן הַיִּלּ֗וֹד הַיְאֹ֙רָה֙ תַּשְׁלִיכֻ֔הוּ וְכָל־הַבַּ֖ת תְּחַיּֽוּן׃",
"text": "And *way-ṣaw* *parʿōh* to all *ʿammô* *lēʾmōr* all the *bēn* the *yillôd* into the *yəʾōrâ* *tašlîḵuhû* and all the *bat* *təḥayyûn*",
"grammar": {
"וַיְצַ֣ו": "conjunction *wə-* + verb, Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, vav-consecutive - 'and he commanded'",
"*parʿōh*": "proper noun - 'Pharaoh'",
"לְכָל־עַמּ֖וֹ": "preposition + construct + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'to all his people'",
"*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + infinitive construct, Qal - 'saying'",
"כָּל־הַבֵּ֣ן": "construct + definite article + noun, masculine singular - 'every son'",
"הַיִּלּ֗וֹד": "definite article + passive participle, masculine singular, Niphal - 'who is born'",
"הַיְאֹ֙רָה֙": "definite article + noun, masculine singular + directional *hē* - 'into the Nile'",
"תַּשְׁלִיכֻ֔הוּ": "verb, Hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'you shall cast him'",
"וְכָל־הַבַּ֖ת": "conjunction *wə-* + construct + definite article + noun, feminine singular - 'and every daughter'",
"תְּחַיּֽוּן": "verb, Piel imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - 'you shall let live'"
},
"variants": {
"*way-ṣaw*": "he commanded, ordered, charged",
"*ʿammô*": "his people, his nation",
"*lēʾmōr*": "saying",
"*bēn*": "son, male child",
"*yillôd*": "born, being born",
"*yəʾōrâ*": "into the Nile river",
"*tašlîḵuhû*": "you shall cast/throw him",
"*bat*": "daughter, female child",
"*təḥayyûn*": "you shall let live, preserve alive"
}
}