Exod 5:16-19 : 16 {
"verseID": "Exodus.5.16",
"source": "תֶּ֗בֶן אֵ֤ין נִתָּן֙ לַעֲבָדֶ֔יךָ וּלְבֵנִ֛ים אֹמְרִ֥ים לָ֖נוּ עֲשׂ֑וּ וְהִנֵּ֧ה עֲבָדֶ֛יךָ מֻכִּ֖ים וְחָטָ֥את עַמֶּֽךָ׃",
"text": "*Teḇen* not *ʾên* *nittān* to your *laʿăḇāḏêḵā*, and bricks *ûləḇēnîm* *ʾōmərîm* to us *lānû* *ʿăśû*; and behold *wəhinnēh* your *ʿăḇāḏêḵā* *mukkîm* and sin *wəḥāṭāʾṯ* your *ʿammêḵā*.",
"grammar": {
"*teḇen*": "noun, masculine singular - straw",
"*ʾên*": "particle of negation - not",
"*nittān*": "niphal participle, masculine singular - being given",
"*la*": "preposition - to",
"*ʿăḇāḏêḵā*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your servants",
"*û*": "conjunction - and",
"*ləḇēnîm*": "noun, feminine plural - bricks",
"*ʾōmərîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - saying",
"*lānû*": "preposition with 1st plural suffix - to us",
"*ʿăśû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - make!",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold",
"*ʿăḇāḏêḵā*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your servants",
"*mukkîm*": "hophal participle, masculine plural - being beaten",
"*wə*": "conjunction - and",
"*ḥāṭāʾṯ*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - has sinned",
"*ʿammêḵā*": "noun, masculine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your people"
},
"variants": {
"*teḇen*": "straw, stubble, chaff",
"*nittān*": "being given, provided, supplied",
"*ʿăḇāḏêḵā*": "your servants, slaves, workers",
"*ləḇēnîm*": "bricks, clay blocks",
"*ʾōmərîm*": "saying, telling, commanding",
"*ʿăśû*": "make!, produce!, form!",
"*hinnēh*": "behold, look, see",
"*mukkîm*": "being beaten, struck, flogged",
"*ḥāṭāʾṯ*": "has sinned, is at fault, has done wrong",
"*ʿammêḵā*": "your people, nation, subjects"
}
}
17 {
"verseID": "Exodus.5.17",
"source": "וַיֹּ֛אמֶר נִרְפִּ֥ים אַתֶּ֖ם נִרְפִּ֑ים עַל־כֵּן֙ אַתֶּ֣ם אֹֽמְרִ֔ים נֵלְכָ֖ה נִזְבְּחָ֥ה לַֽיהוָֽה׃",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmer*: *nirpîm* you are *ʾattem* *nirpîm*; therefore *ʿal*-*kēn* you *ʾattem* *ʾōmərîm*: *nēləḵâ* *nizḇəḥâ* to *laYHWH*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*nirpîm*": "niphal participle, masculine plural - idle, lazy",
"*ʾattem*": "pronoun, 2nd masculine plural - you",
"*nirpîm*": "niphal participle, masculine plural - idle, lazy",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - upon, because of",
"*kēn*": "adverb - so, thus",
"*ʾattem*": "pronoun, 2nd masculine plural - you",
"*ʾōmərîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - saying",
"*nēləḵâ*": "qal cohortative, 1st plural - let us go",
"*nizḇəḥâ*": "qal cohortative, 1st plural - let us sacrifice",
"*la*": "preposition - to",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "and he said, replied, answered",
"*nirpîm*": "idle, lazy, slack",
"*ʾattem*": "you (plural)",
"*kēn*": "so, thus, therefore",
"*ʾōmərîm*": "saying, declaring, stating",
"*nēləḵâ*": "let us go, we wish to go",
"*nizḇəḥâ*": "let us sacrifice, let us offer, let us slaughter (ritually)"
}
}
18 {
"verseID": "Exodus.5.18",
"source": "וְעַתָּה֙ לְכ֣וּ עִבְד֔וּ וְתֶ֖בֶן לֹא־יִנָּתֵ֣ן לָכֶ֑ם וְתֹ֥כֶן לְבֵנִ֖ים תִּתֵּֽנּוּ׃",
"text": "And *ʿattâ* (now) *lĕkû* (go) *ʿibdû* (work), and *teben* (straw) not-*yinnātēn* (will be given) to you, and *tōken* (quota of) *lĕbēnîm* (bricks) *tittēnû* (you shall give).",
"grammar": {
"*ʿattâ*": "temporal adverb - now",
"*lĕkû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - go!",
"*ʿibdû*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - work!/serve!",
"*teben*": "masculine singular noun - straw",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*yinnātēn*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will be given",
"*lākem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - to you",
"*tōken*": "masculine singular construct noun - measure/quota of",
"*lĕbēnîm*": "feminine plural noun - bricks",
"*tittēnû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you shall give"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿattâ*": "now/at this time",
"*ʿibdû*": "work/serve/labor",
"*teben*": "straw/stubble",
"*tōken*": "measure/quota/fixed amount",
"*lĕbēnîm*": "bricks/mud-bricks"
}
}
19 {
"verseID": "Exodus.5.19",
"source": "וַיִּרְא֞וּ שֹֽׁטְרֵ֧י בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל אֹתָ֖ם בְּרָ֣ע לֵאמֹ֑ר לֹא־תִגְרְע֥וּ מִלִּבְנֵיכֶ֖ם דְּבַר־י֥וֹם בְּיוֹמֽוֹ׃",
"text": "And *wayyirʾû* (saw) *šōṭĕrê* (officers of) *bĕnê*-*yiśrāʾēl* (sons of Israel) *ʾōtām* (themselves) *bĕrāʿ* (in trouble) *lēʾmōr* (saying): Not-*tigrĕʿû* (you shall diminish) from-*llibnêkem* (your bricks) *dĕbar*-*yôm* (matter of day) *bĕyômô* (in its day).",
"grammar": {
"*wayyirʾû*": "qal imperfect waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they saw",
"*šōṭĕrê*": "masculine plural construct noun - officers/officials of",
"*bĕnê*": "masculine plural construct noun - sons of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them/themselves",
"*bĕrāʿ*": "preposition with masculine singular noun - in evil/trouble",
"*lēʾmōr*": "qal infinitive construct with prefixed preposition - saying",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*tigrĕʿû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you shall diminish/reduce",
"*millistnêkem*": "preposition (from) + noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - from your bricks",
"*dĕbar*": "masculine singular construct - word/matter of",
"*yôm*": "masculine singular - day",
"*bĕyômô*": "preposition + noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in its day"
},
"variants": {
"*šōṭĕrê*": "officers/foremen/officials",
"*bĕrāʿ*": "in evil/in trouble/in a bad situation",
"*tigrĕʿû*": "diminish/reduce/lessen",
"*dĕbar-yôm bĕyômô*": "daily quota/each day's matter in its day"
}
}