14 {
"verseID": "Exodus.16.14",
"source": "וַתַּ֖עַל שִׁכְבַ֣ת הַטָּ֑ל וְהִנֵּ֞ה עַל־פְּנֵ֤י הַמִּדְבָּר֙ דַּ֣ק מְחֻסְפָּ֔ס דַּ֥ק כַּכְּפֹ֖ר עַל־הָאָֽרֶץ",
"text": "*wə-ta'al šikbat ha-ṭāl* *wə-hinnēh* on-*pənê ha-midbār* *daq məḥuspās* *daq* like-the-*kəpōr* on-the-*ʾāreṣ*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-ta'al*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - and went up",
"*šikbat*": "construct state feminine singular - layer of",
"*ha-ṭāl*": "masculine singular with definite article - the dew",
"*wə-hinnēh*": "waw conjunction + demonstrative particle - and behold",
"*pənê*": "construct state masculine plural - faces/surface of",
"*ha-midbār*": "masculine singular with definite article - the wilderness",
"*daq*": "adjective masculine singular - fine/thin",
"*məḥuspās*": "pual participle masculine singular - scaled/flaked",
"*kəpōr*": "masculine singular - frost",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular - earth/ground"
},
"variants": {
"*wə-ta'al*": "and went up/evaporated",
"*šikbat*": "layer/covering/deposit",
"*daq*": "fine/thin/small",
"*məḥuspās*": "scaled/flaked/peeled",
"*kəpōr*": "frost/hoarfrost",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/ground"
}
}
15 {
"verseID": "Exodus.16.15",
"source": "וַיִּרְא֣וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וַיֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ אִ֤ישׁ אֶל־אָחִיו֙ מָ֣ן ה֔וּא כִּ֛י לֹ֥א יָדְע֖וּ מַה־ה֑וּא וַיֹּ֤אמֶר מֹשֶׁה֙ אֲלֵהֶ֔ם ה֣וּא הַלֶּ֔חֶם אֲשֶׁ֨ר נָתַ֧ן יְהוָ֛ה לָכֶ֖ם לְאָכְלָֽה׃",
"text": "*wə-yirʾû* *bənê-yiśrāʾēl* *wə-yōʾmərû* *ʾîš* *ʾel-ʾāḥîw* *mān* *hûʾ* for not *yādəʿû* *mah-hûʾ* *wə-yōʾmer* *mōšeh* to them, *hûʾ* the *leḥem* which *nātan* *YHWH* to you for *ʾāḵəlâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yirʾû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they saw",
"*bənê-yiśrāʾēl*": "construct noun + proper noun - sons/children of Israel",
"*wə-yōʾmərû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they said",
"*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man/each one",
"*ʾel-ʾāḥîw*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to his brother",
"*mān*": "interrogative or noun - what?/manna",
"*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - it/he is",
"*yādəʿû*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural - they knew",
"*mah-hûʾ*": "interrogative + 3rd person masculine singular pronoun - what it [is]",
"*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said",
"*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses",
"*leḥem*": "masculine singular noun - bread/food",
"*nātan*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he gave",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD (divine name)",
"*ʾāḵəlâ*": "feminine singular noun - food/eating"
},
"variants": {
"*mān*": "What?/What is it?/manna (as a name derived from the question)",
"*hûʾ*": "he/it/that",
"*leḥem*": "bread/food/sustenance",
"*ʾāḵəlâ*": "eating/food/consumption"
}
}
16 {
"verseID": "Exodus.16.16",
"source": "זֶ֤ה הַדָּבָר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר צִוָּ֣ה יְהוָ֔ה לִקְט֣וּ מִמֶּ֔נּוּ אִ֖ישׁ לְפִ֣י אָכְל֑וֹ עֹ֣מֶר לַגֻּלְגֹּ֗לֶת מִסְפַּר֙ נַפְשֹׁ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם אִ֛ישׁ לַאֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּאָהֳל֖וֹ תִּקָּֽחוּ׃",
"text": "*zeh* the *dāḇār* which *ṣiwwâ* *YHWH*: *liqṭû* from it *ʾîš* according to *pî* his *ʾāḵlô*, an *ʿōmer* for the *gulĝōleṯ*, *mispār* your *nap̄šōṯêḵem*, *ʾîš* for whom in his *ʾohŏlô* you shall *tiqqāḥû*.",
"grammar": {
"*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun - this",
"*dāḇār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the word/thing/matter",
"*ṣiwwâ*": "piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he commanded",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD (divine name)",
"*liqṭû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - gather/collect",
"*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man/each one",
"*pî*": "masculine singular construct noun - mouth/according to",
"*ʾāḵlô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his eating/food",
"*ʿōmer*": "masculine singular noun - omer (unit of measure)",
"*gulĝōleṯ*": "feminine singular noun with prefixed preposition - per head/person",
"*mispār*": "masculine singular construct noun - number of",
"*nap̄šōṯêḵem*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your persons/souls",
"*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man/each one",
"*ʾohŏlô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix and prefixed preposition - in his tent",
"*tiqqāḥû*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you shall take"
},
"variants": {
"*dāḇār*": "word/thing/command/matter",
"*pî*": "mouth/opening/according to/portion",
"*ʿōmer*": "omer (specific dry measure, approximately 2.2 liters)",
"*nap̄šōṯêḵem*": "persons/souls/lives/individuals"
}
}
17 {
"verseID": "Exodus.16.17",
"source": "וַיַּעֲשׂוּ־כֵ֖ן בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַֽיִּלְקְט֔וּ הַמַּרְבֶּ֖ה וְהַמַּמְעִֽיט׃",
"text": "*wə-yaʿăśû-ḵēn* *bənê* *yiśrāʾēl* *wə-yilqəṭû*, the *marrbeh* and the *mamʿîṭ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yaʿăśû-ḵēn*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural + adverb - and they did so",
"*bənê*": "masculine plural construct noun - sons/children of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*wə-yilqəṭû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they gathered",
"*marrbeh*": "hiphil participle masculine singular with definite article - the one gathering much",
"*mamʿîṭ*": "hiphil participle masculine singular with definite article - the one gathering little"
},
"variants": {
"*marrbeh*": "the one gathering much/the one who had plenty",
"*mamʿîṭ*": "the one gathering little/the one who had less"
}
}
18 {
"verseID": "Exodus.16.18",
"source": "וַיָּמֹ֣דּוּ בָעֹ֔מֶר וְלֹ֤א הֶעְדִּיף֙ הַמַּרְבֶּ֔ה וְהַמַּמְעִ֖יט לֹ֣א הֶחְסִ֑יר אִ֥ישׁ לְפִֽי־אָכְל֖וֹ לָקָֽטוּ׃",
"text": "*wə-yāmmōddû* with the *ʿōmer* and not *heʿdîp̄* the *marrbeh* and the *mamʿîṭ* not *heḥsîr*; *ʾîš* according to his *ʾāḵlô* they *lāqāṭû*.",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yāmmōddû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they measured",
"*ʿōmer*": "masculine singular noun with definite article and prefixed preposition - with the omer",
"*heʿdîp̄*": "hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he had excess",
"*marrbeh*": "hiphil participle masculine singular with definite article - the one gathering much",
"*mamʿîṭ*": "hiphil participle masculine singular with definite article - the one gathering little",
"*heḥsîr*": "hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he lacked",
"*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man/each one",
"*ʾāḵlô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix and prefixed preposition - according to his eating",
"*lāqāṭû*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural - they gathered"
},
"variants": {
"*heʿdîp̄*": "had excess/had too much/had surplus",
"*heḥsîr*": "lacked/had too little/had deficit",
"*ʾāḵlô*": "his eating/his food/his appetite/what he could eat"
}
}
19 {
"verseID": "Exodus.16.19",
"source": "וַיֹּ֥אמֶר מֹשֶׁ֖ה אֲלֵהֶ֑ם אִ֕ישׁ אַל־יוֹתֵ֥ר מִמֶּ֖נּוּ עַד־בֹּֽקֶר׃",
"text": "*wə-yōʾmer* *mōšeh* to them: *ʾîš* not *yôṯēr* from it until *bōqer*.",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said",
"*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses",
"*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man/each one",
"*yôṯēr*": "hiphil jussive 3rd person masculine singular with negative particle - let him not leave",
"*bōqer*": "masculine singular noun - morning"
},
"variants": {
"*yôṯēr*": "leave/keep/leave over/reserve",
"*bōqer*": "morning/dawn/next day"
}
}
20 {
"verseID": "Exodus.16.20",
"source": "וְלֹא־שָׁמְע֣וּ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה וַיּוֹתִ֨רוּ אֲנָשִׁ֤ים מִמֶּ֙נּוּ֙ עַד־בֹּ֔קֶר וַיָּ֥רֻם תּוֹלָעִ֖ים וַיִּבְאַ֑שׁ וַיִּקְצֹ֥ף עֲלֵהֶ֖ם מֹשֶֽׁה׃",
"text": "And not *šāməʿû* to *mōšeh*, and *yôṯīrû* *ʾănāšîm* from it until *bōqer*, and *yārūm* *tôlāʿîm* and *yiḇʾaš*; and *yiqṣōp̄* on them *mōšeh*.",
"grammar": {
"*šāməʿû*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural - they listened/obeyed",
"*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses",
"*yôṯīrû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they left over",
"*ʾănāšîm*": "masculine plural noun - men/some",
"*bōqer*": "masculine singular noun - morning",
"*yārūm*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - it bred/became full of",
"*tôlāʿîm*": "masculine plural noun - worms",
"*yiḇʾaš*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - it stank/became foul",
"*yiqṣōp̄*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he became angry",
"*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses"
},
"variants": {
"*šāməʿû*": "listened to/obeyed/heeded",
"*yārūm*": "bred/swarmed with/became filled with",
"*yiḇʾaš*": "stank/became foul/rotted",
"*yiqṣōp̄*": "became angry/was wrathful/was displeased"
}
}
21 {
"verseID": "Exodus.16.21",
"source": "וַיִּלְקְט֤וּ אֹתוֹ֙ בַּבֹּ֣קֶר בַּבֹּ֔קֶר אִ֖ישׁ כְּפִ֣י אָכְל֑וֹ וְחַ֥ם הַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁ וְנָמָֽס׃",
"text": "And *yilqəṭû* it in the *bōqer* in the *bōqer*, *ʾîš* according to his *ʾāḵlô*, and *ḥam* the *šemeš* and *nāmās*.",
"grammar": {
"*yilqəṭû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they gathered",
"*bōqer*": "masculine singular noun with definite article and prefixed preposition - in the morning",
"*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man/each one",
"*ʾāḵlô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his eating/food",
"*ḥam*": "qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - it grew hot",
"*šemeš*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the sun",
"*nāmās*": "niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - it melted"
},
"variants": {
"*bōqer babbōqer*": "morning by morning/every morning/early each morning",
"*ḥam*": "grew hot/became warm",
"*nāmās*": "melted/liquefied/dissolved"
}
}
22 {
"verseID": "Exodus.16.22",
"source": "וַיְהִ֣י ׀ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַשִּׁשִּׁ֗י לָֽקְט֥וּ לֶ֙חֶם֙ מִשְׁנֶ֔ה שְׁנֵ֥י הָעֹ֖מֶר לָאֶחָ֑ד וַיָּבֹ֙אוּ֙ כָּל־נְשִׂיאֵ֣י הָֽעֵדָ֔ה וַיַּגִּ֖ידוּ לְמֹשֶֽׁה׃",
"text": "And *yəhî* on the *yôm* the *šiššî*, *lāqəṭû* *leḥem* *mišneh*, two the *ʿōmer* for the one. And *yāḇōʾû* all *nəśîʾê* the *ʿēdâ* and *yaggîdû* to *mōšeh*.",
"grammar": {
"*yəhî*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular apocopated - it happened/came to pass",
"*yôm*": "masculine singular noun with definite article and prefixed preposition - on the day",
"*šiššî*": "ordinal number masculine singular with definite article - the sixth",
"*lāqəṭû*": "qal perfect 3rd person plural - they gathered",
"*leḥem*": "masculine singular noun - bread/food",
"*mišneh*": "masculine singular noun - double/twice as much",
"*ʿōmer*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the omer",
"*yāḇōʾû*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they came",
"*nəśîʾê*": "masculine plural construct noun - leaders/chiefs of",
"*ʿēdâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the congregation/assembly",
"*yaggîdû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they told/reported",
"*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses"
},
"variants": {
"*mišneh*": "double/twice as much/duplicate amount",
"*nəśîʾê*": "leaders/chiefs/rulers/princes",
"*ʿēdâ*": "congregation/assembly/community"
}
}
23 {
"verseID": "Exodus.16.23",
"source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲלֵהֶ֗ם ה֚וּא אֲשֶׁ֣ר דִּבֶּ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה שַׁבָּת֧וֹן שַׁבַּת־קֹ֛דֶשׁ לַֽיהוָ֖ה מָחָ֑ר אֵ֣ת אֲשֶׁר־תֹּאפ֞וּ אֵפ֗וּ וְאֵ֤ת אֲשֶֽׁר־תְּבַשְּׁלוּ֙ בַּשֵּׁ֔לוּ וְאֵת֙ כָּל־הָ֣עֹדֵ֔ף הַנִּ֧יחוּ לָכֶ֛ם לְמִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת עַד־הַבֹּֽקֶר׃",
"text": "And *yōʾmer* to them: *hûʾ* that which *dibber* *YHWH*: *šabbāṯôn* *šabbaṯ-qōdeš* to *YHWH* *māḥār*. *ʾēṯ* what you will *tōʾp̄û* *ʾēp̄û*, and *ʾēṯ* what you will *ṯəḇaššəlû* *baššēlû*, and *ʾēṯ* all the *ʿōdēp̄* *hannîḥû* for yourselves for *mišmereṯ* until the *bōqer*.",
"grammar": {
"*yōʾmer*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he said",
"*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - it is/that is",
"*dibber*": "piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he spoke",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD (divine name)",
"*šabbāṯôn*": "masculine singular noun - a solemn rest/sabbath observance",
"*šabbaṯ-qōdeš*": "construct phrase - holy sabbath/sabbath of holiness",
"*māḥār*": "adverb - tomorrow",
"*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*tōʾp̄û*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you will bake",
"*ʾēp̄û*": "qal imperative masculine plural - bake",
"*ṯəḇaššəlû*": "piel imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you will boil/cook",
"*baššēlû*": "piel imperative masculine plural - boil/cook",
"*ʿōdēp̄*": "qal participle masculine singular with definite article - the excess/surplus",
"*hannîḥû*": "hiphil imperative masculine plural - set aside/save",
"*mišmereṯ*": "feminine singular noun - keeping/preservation",
"*bōqer*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the morning"
},
"variants": {
"*šabbāṯôn*": "sabbath observance/complete rest/special sabbath",
"*šabbaṯ-qōdeš*": "holy sabbath/sacred rest day",
"*ʾēp̄û*": "bake/cook by dry heat",
"*baššēlû*": "boil/cook/simmer/prepare by boiling",
"*ʿōdēp̄*": "excess/surplus/remainder/what is left over",
"*mišmereṯ*": "keeping/watching/preservation/safekeeping"
}
}
24 {
"verseID": "Exodus.16.24",
"source": "וַיַּנִּ֤יחוּ אֹתוֹ֙ עַד־הַבֹּ֔קֶר כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר צִוָּ֣ה מֹשֶׁ֑ה וְלֹ֣א הִבְאִ֔ישׁ וְרִמָּ֖ה לֹא־הָ֥יְתָה בּֽוֹ׃",
"text": "And *yannîḥû* it until the *bōqer* as *ṣiwwâ* *mōšeh*, and not *hiḇʾîš* and *rimmâ* not *hāyəṯâ* in it.",
"grammar": {
"*yannîḥû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they set aside/kept",
"*bōqer*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the morning",
"*ṣiwwâ*": "piel perfect 3rd person masculine singular - he commanded",
"*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses",
"*hiḇʾîš*": "hiphil perfect 3rd person masculine singular - it stank/became foul",
"*rimmâ*": "feminine singular noun - worm/maggot",
"*hāyəṯâ*": "qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - she/it was"
},
"variants": {
"*yannîḥû*": "set aside/kept/preserved/saved",
"*hiḇʾîš*": "stank/became foul/rotted/spoiled",
"*rimmâ*": "worm/maggot/larva"
}
}
25 {
"verseID": "Exodus.16.25",
"source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר מֹשֶׁה֙ אִכְלֻ֣הוּ הַיּ֔וֹם כִּֽי־שַׁבָּ֥ת הַיּ֖וֹם לַיהוָ֑ה הַיּ֕וֹם לֹ֥א תִמְצָאֻ֖הוּ בַּשָּׂדֶֽה׃",
"text": "And *yōʾmer* *mōšeh*: *ʾiḵluhû* *hayyôm*, for *šabbāṯ* *hayyôm* to *YHWH*; *hayyôm* not *ṯimṣāʾuhû* in the *śādeh*.",
"grammar": {
"*yōʾmer*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he said",
"*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses",
"*ʾiḵluhû*": "qal imperative masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - eat it",
"*hayyôm*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the day/today",
"*šabbāṯ*": "feminine singular noun - sabbath/rest",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD (divine name)",
"*ṯimṣāʾuhû*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - you will find it",
"*śādeh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article and prefixed preposition - in the field"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾiḵluhû*": "eat it/consume it",
"*hayyôm*": "today/this day"
}
}
26 {
"verseID": "Exodus.16.26",
"source": "שֵׁ֥שֶׁת יָמִ֖ים תִּלְקְטֻ֑הוּ וּבַיּ֧וֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִ֛י שַׁבָּ֖ת לֹ֥א יִֽהְיֶה־בּֽוֹ׃",
"text": "Six *yāmîm* *tilqəṭuhû*, and on the *yôm* the *šəḇîʿî* *šabbāṯ* not *yihyeh-bô*.",
"grammar": {
"*yāmîm*": "masculine plural noun - days",
"*tilqəṭuhû*": "qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - you shall gather it",
"*yôm*": "masculine singular noun with definite article and prefixed preposition - on the day",
"*šəḇîʿî*": "ordinal number masculine singular with definite article - the seventh",
"*šabbāṯ*": "feminine singular noun - sabbath/rest",
"*yihyeh-bô*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with preposition and 3rd person masculine singular suffix - it will be in it"
},
"variants": {
"*tilqəṭuhû*": "you shall gather it/you shall collect it",
"*šabbāṯ*": "sabbath/rest day/cessation"
}
}