Exodus 16:28

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Exodus.16.28", "source": "וַיֹּ֥אמֶר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֑ה עַד־אָ֙נָה֙ מֵֽאַנְתֶּ֔ם לִשְׁמֹ֥ר מִצְוֺתַ֖י וְתוֹרֹתָֽי׃", "text": "And *yōʾmer* *YHWH* to *mōšeh*: Until when *mēʾantem* to *šəmōr* my *miṣwōṯay* and my *tôrōṯāy*?", "grammar": { "*yōʾmer*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD (divine name)", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*mēʾantem*": "piel perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you have refused", "*šəmōr*": "qal infinitive construct - to keep/observe", "*miṣwōṯay*": "feminine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my commandments", "*tôrōṯāy*": "feminine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my laws/instructions" }, "variants": { "*mēʾantem*": "you have refused/you have rejected/you have declined", "*šəmōr*": "to keep/to observe/to guard/to protect", "*miṣwōṯay*": "my commandments/my precepts/my orders", "*tôrōṯāy*": "my laws/my instructions/my teachings/my directions" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיֹּ֥אמֶר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֑ה עַד־אָ֙נָה֙ מֵֽאַנְתֶּ֔ם לִשְׁמֹ֥ר מִצְוֺתַ֖י וְתוֹרֹתָֽי׃

Transliteration

And yōʾmer YHWH to mōšeh: Until when mēʾantem to šəmōr my miṣwōṯay and my tôrōṯāy?

Grammar Details

• *yōʾmer*: qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he said
• *YHWH*: proper noun - the LORD (divine name)
• *mōšeh*: proper noun - Moses
• *mēʾantem*: piel perfect 2nd person masculine plural - you have refused
• *šəmōr*: qal infinitive construct - to keep/observe
• *miṣwōṯay*: feminine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my commandments
• *tôrōṯāy*: feminine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my laws/instructions

Word Meanings

• *mēʾantem*: you have refused/you have rejected/you have declined
• *šəmōr*: to keep/to observe/to guard/to protect
• *miṣwōṯay*: my commandments/my precepts/my orders
• *tôrōṯāy*: my laws/my instructions/my teachings/my directions

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Then the LORD said to Moses, "How long will you refuse to keep my commands and instructions?

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And the LORD said unto Moses, How long refuse ye to keep my commandments and my laws?

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And the LORD said to Moses, How long will you refuse to keep my commandments and my laws?

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And the LORD said unto Moses, How long refuse ye to keep my commandments and my laws?

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And Jehovah{H3068} said{H559} unto Moses,{H4872} How long refuse{H3985} ye to keep{H8104} my commandments{H4687} and my laws?{H8451}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And the LORD{H3068} said{H559}{(H8799)} unto Moses{H4872}, How long refuse{H3985}{(H8765)} ye to keep{H8104}{(H8800)} my commandments{H4687} and my laws{H8451}?

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  The the Lorde seyde vnto Moses: how longe shall it be, yer ye will kepe my comaundmetes ad lawes?

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Then sayde ye LORDE vnto Moses: How longe refuse ye to kepe my commaundementes and lawes?

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And the Lorde sayde vnto Moses, Howe long refuse yee to keepe my commaundementes, and my lawes?

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And the Lorde sayde vnto Moyses: Howe long refuse ye to kepe my commaundementes and my lawes?

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And the LORD said unto Moses, How long refuse ye to keep my commandments and my laws?

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Yahweh said to Moses, "How long do you refuse to keep my commandments and my laws?

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And Jehovah saith unto Moses, `How long have ye refused to keep My commands, and My laws?

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And Jehovah said unto Moses, How long refuse ye to keep my commandments and my laws?

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And Jehovah said unto Moses, How long refuse ye to keep my commandments and my laws?

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And the Lord said to Moses, How long will you go against my orders and my laws?

• World English Bible (2000)

  Yahweh said to Moses, "How long do you refuse to keep my commandments and my laws?

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  So the LORD said to Moses,“How long do you refuse to obey my commandments and my instructions?

Referenced Verses

• Ps 78:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.10", "source": "לֹ֣א שָׁ֭מְרוּ בְּרִ֣ית אֱלֹהִ֑ים וּ֝בְתוֹרָת֗וֹ מֵאֲנ֥וּ לָלֶֽכֶת׃", "text": "Not *lōʾ* *šāmᵉrû* *bᵉrît* *ʾělōhîm* and in his *ûḇᵉtôrâtô* *mēʾănû* *lāleḵet*", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*šāmᵉrû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they kept/observed", "*bᵉrît*": "noun, feminine singular construct - covenant of", "*ʾělōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*ûḇᵉtôrâtô*": "waw conjunctive + preposition + noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and in his law/instruction", "*mēʾănû*": "piel perfect, 3rd person plural - they refused", "*lāleḵet*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to walk/go" }, "variants": { "*šāmᵉrû*": "they kept/observed/guarded/preserved", "*bᵉrît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*ʾělōhîm*": "God/gods/judges", "*tôrâtô*": "his law/instruction/teaching/direction", "*mēʾănû*": "they refused/declined/rejected", "*lāleḵet*": "to walk/go/follow/live according to" } }
• Ps 106:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Psalms.106.13", "source": "מִֽ֭הֲרוּ שָׁכְח֣וּ מַעֲשָׂ֑יו לֹֽא־חִ֝כּ֗וּ לַעֲצָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "*mihărū* *šākəḥū* *ma'ăśāyw* not-*ḥikkū* for-*'ăṣātō*", "grammar": { "*mihărū*": "piel perfect, 3rd person plural - they hastened/hurried", "*šākəḥū*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they forgot", "*ma'ăśāyw*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, masculine, plural - his works", "*ḥikkū*": "piel perfect, 3rd person plural - they waited", "*'ăṣātō*": "noun + 3rd person suffix, feminine, singular - his counsel" }, "variants": { "*mihărū*": "they hastened/hurried/were quick", "*šākəḥū*": "they forgot/neglected/ignored", "*ma'ăśāyw*": "his works/deeds/actions", "*ḥikkū*": "they waited/waited patiently/tarried", "*'ăṣātō*": "his counsel/advice/plan" } }
• 2 Kgs 17:14 : 14 { "verseID": "2 Kings.17.14", "source": "וְלֹ֖א שָׁמֵ֑עוּ וַיַּקְשׁ֤וּ אֶת־עָרְפָּם֙ כְּעֹ֣רֶף אֲבוֹתָ֔ם אֲשֶׁר֙ לֹ֣א הֶאֱמִ֔ינוּ בַּֽיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "*wə*-*lōʾ* *shāmēʿū* *wə*-*yaqshū* *ʾet*-*ʿorpām* like-*ʿōref* *ʾăbōtām* *ʾăsher* *lōʾ* *heʾĕmînū* in-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêhem*.", "grammar": { "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction with negative particle - and not", "*shāmēʿū*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they listened", "*wə-yaqshū*": "hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd common plural - they hardened", "*ʾet-ʿorpām*": "direct object marker with noun and 3rd masculine plural suffix - their neck", "*kə-ʿōref*": "preposition with construct - like neck of", "*ʾăbōtām*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their fathers", "*ʾăsher*": "relative pronoun - who", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*heʾĕmînū*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd common plural - they believed", "*ba-YHWH*": "preposition with divine name - in YHWH", "*ʾĕlōhêhem*": "noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their God" }, "variants": { "*shāmēʿū*": "listened/obeyed/heeded", "*yaqshū*": "hardened/stiffened", "*ʿōref*": "neck/stubbornness", "*heʾĕmînū*": "believed/trusted/had faith" } }
• Ezek 20:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.20.13", "source": "וַיַּמְרוּ־בִ֨י בֵֽית־יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל בַּמִּדְבָּ֗ר בְּחֻקּוֹתַ֨י לֹא־הָלָ֜כוּ וְאֶת־מִשְׁפָּטַ֣י מָאָ֗סוּ אֲשֶׁר֩ יַעֲשֶׂ֨ה אֹתָ֤ם הָֽאָדָם֙ וָחַ֣י בָּהֶ֔ם וְאֶת־שַׁבְּתֹתַ֖י חִלְּל֣וּ מְאֹ֑ד וָאֹמַ֞ר לִשְׁפֹּ֨ךְ חֲמָתִ֧י עֲלֵיהֶ֛ם בַּמִּדְבָּ֖ר לְכַלּוֹתָֽם׃", "text": "And-*wayyamrû*-against-me *bêt*-*yiśrāʾēl* in-the-*midbār*: in-*ḥuqqôtay* not-*hālākû* and-*ʾet*-*mišpāṭay* *māʾāsû*, which *yaʿăśeh* *ʾōtām* the-*ʾādām* and-*wāḥay* in-them, and-*ʾet*-*šabbĕtōtay* *ḥillĕlû* greatly; and-*wāʾōmar* *lišpōk* *ḥămātî* upon-them in-the-*midbār* *lĕkallôtām*.", "grammar": { "*wayyamrû*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect, 3rd plural - and they rebelled", "*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - house of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*midbār*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - wilderness", "*ḥuqqôtay*": "noun, feminine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my statutes", "*hālākû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - they walked", "*mišpāṭay*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my ordinances/judgments", "*māʾāsû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - they rejected", "*yaʿăśeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will do", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine plural suffix - them", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the man", "*wāḥay*": "waw-consecutive with qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he will live", "*šabbĕtōtay*": "noun, feminine plural with 1st person singular suffix - my sabbaths", "*ḥillĕlû*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd plural - they profaned", "*wāʾōmar*": "waw-consecutive with qal imperfect, 1st singular - and I said", "*lišpōk*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - to pour out", "*ḥămātî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my wrath", "*lĕkallôtām*": "preposition with piel infinitive construct and 3rd masculine plural suffix - to destroy them" }, "variants": { "*wayyamrû*": "and they rebelled/and they were disobedient/and they defied", "*hālākû*": "they walked/they followed/they obeyed", "*māʾāsû*": "they rejected/they spurned/they despised", "*ḥillĕlû*": "they profaned/they defiled/they desecrated", "*lĕkallôtām*": "to destroy them/to exterminate them/to finish them off" } }
• Ezek 20:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.20.16", "source": "יַ֜עַן בְּמִשְׁפָּטַ֣י מָאָ֗סוּ וְאֶת־חֻקּוֹתַי֙ לֹא־הָלְכ֣וּ בָהֶ֔ם וְאֶת־שַׁבְּתוֹתַ֖י חִלֵּ֑לוּ כִּ֛י אַחֲרֵ֥י גִלּוּלֵיהֶ֖ם לִבָּ֥ם הֹלֵֽךְ", "text": "*yaʿan* in my *mišpāṭay* they *māʾāsû* and my *ḥuqqôtay* they not *hālĕkû* in them, and my *šabbĕtôtay* they *ḥillēlû*, because after their *gillûlêhem* their *libbām* *hōlēk*", "grammar": { "*yaʿan*": "conjunction - because, since", "*bə-mišpāṭay*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - in my judgments/ordinances", "*māʾāsû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they rejected/despised", "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*ḥuqqôtay*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my statutes", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*hālĕkû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person plural - they walked", "*bāhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in them", "*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*šabbĕtôtay*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my sabbaths", "*ḥillēlû*": "Piel perfect 3rd person plural - they profaned/desecrated", "*kî*": "conjunction - because, for", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after", "*gillûlêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their idols", "*libbām*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their heart", "*hōlēk*": "Qal participle masculine singular - walking/going" }, "variants": { "*mišpāṭay*": "judgments, ordinances, legal decisions", "*māʾāsû*": "rejected, despised, refused", "*ḥuqqôtay*": "statutes, decrees, prescribed laws", "*hālĕkû*": "walked, followed, lived according to", "*šabbĕtôtay*": "my sabbaths, my rest days", "*ḥillēlû*": "profaned, desecrated, violated", "*gillûlêhem*": "their idols, their dung-gods (derogatory term)" } }
• Mark 9:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Mark.9.19", "source": "Ὁ δὲ ἀποκριθεὶς αὐτῷ, λέγει, Ὦ γενεὰ ἄπιστος, ἕως πότε πρὸς ὑμᾶς ἔσομαι; ἕως πότε ἀνέξομαι ὑμῶν; φέρετε αὐτὸν πρός με.", "text": "He *de apokritheis* to him, *legei*, O *genea apistos*, until when *pros* you *esomai*? until when *anexomai* of you? *pherete* him *pros* me.", "grammar": { "*de*": "particle - but/and", "*apokritheis*": "aorist passive participle, nominative singular - having answered", "*legei*": "present active, 3rd singular - says", "*genea*": "nominative singular - generation", "*apistos*": "nominative singular - unbelieving/faithless", "*pros*": "preposition - with", "*esomai*": "future middle, 1st singular - I will be", "*anexomai*": "future middle, 1st singular - I will bear with/endure", "*pherete*": "present active imperative, 2nd plural - bring/carry" }, "variants": { "*apokritheis*": "answering/responding/replying", "*legei*": "says/speaks/tells", "*genea*": "generation/race/kind", "*apistos*": "unbelieving/faithless/without trust", "*esomai*": "will be/shall be", "*anexomai*": "will bear with/endure/put up with", "*pherete*": "bring/carry/lead" } }
• Isa 7:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Isaiah.7.9", "source": "וְרֹ֤אשׁ אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙ שֹׁמְר֔וֹן וְרֹ֥אשׁ שֹׁמְר֖וֹן בֶּן־רְמַלְיָ֑הוּ אִ֚ם לֹ֣א תַאֲמִ֔ינוּ כִּ֖י לֹ֥א תֵאָמֵֽנוּ׃ ס", "text": "And-*rōʾš* *ʾEp̄rayim* *Šōmərôn*, and-*rōʾš* *Šōmərôn* son-of-*Rəmalyāhû*. If not *ṯaʾămînû*, indeed not *ṯēʾāmēnû*.", "grammar": { "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - head of", "*ʾEp̄rayim*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ephraim (Northern Kingdom)", "*Šōmərôn*": "proper noun, feminine singular - Samaria", "*Rəmalyāhû*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Remaliah", "*ṯaʾămînû*": "imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural, Hiphil - you believe", "*ṯēʾāmēnû*": "imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural, Niphal - you will be established" }, "variants": { "*rōʾš*": "head/chief/capital", "*ṯaʾămînû*": "you believe/you trust/you have faith", "*ṯēʾāmēnû*": "you will be established/you will be confirmed/you will endure" } }
• Isa 7:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Isaiah.7.13", "source": "וַיֹּ֕אמֶר שִׁמְעוּ־נָ֖א בֵּ֣ית דָּוִ֑ד הַמְעַ֤ט מִכֶּם֙ הַלְא֣וֹת אֲנָשִׁ֔ים כִּ֥י תַלְא֖וּ גַּ֥ם אֶת־אֱלֹהָֽי׃", "text": "*wā-yōʾmer*, '*šimʿû*-*nāʾ* house-of *Dāwiḏ*, *hamʿaṭ* from-you *halʾôṯ* men, that *ṯalʾû* also *ʾeṯ*-God-my?", "grammar": { "*wā-yōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*šimʿû*": "imperative, masculine plural - hear/listen", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please/now", "*Dāwiḏ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*hamʿaṭ*": "question particle with noun - is it too little", "*halʾôṯ*": "Hiphil infinitive construct - to weary", "*ṯalʾû*": "imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural, Hiphil - you will weary", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker" }, "variants": { "*wā-yōʾmer*": "and he said/and he spoke", "*šimʿû*": "hear/listen", "*nāʾ*": "please/now (particle of entreaty)", "*hamʿaṭ*": "is it too little/is it a small thing", "*halʾôṯ*": "to weary/to exhaust/to make tired", "*ṯalʾû*": "you will weary/you will exhaust/you will try the patience of" } }
• Jer 4:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.4.14", "source": "כַּבְּסִ֨י מֵרָעָ֤ה לִבֵּךְ֙ יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם לְמַ֖עַן תִּוָּשֵׁ֑עִי עַד־מָתַ֛י תָּלִ֥ין בְּקִרְבֵּ֖ךְ מַחְשְׁב֥וֹת אוֹנֵֽךְ׃", "text": "*Kabbəsî* from *rāʿāh* your *libbēḵ* *Yərûšālaim*, so that *tiwwāšēʿî*; until when *tālîn* in your *qirbēḵ* *maḥšəbôt* *ʾônēḵ*", "grammar": { "*Kabbəsî*": "piel imperative, feminine singular - wash/cleanse", "*rāʿāh*": "feminine singular noun - evil/wickedness", "*libbēḵ*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your heart", "*Yərûšālaim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*tiwwāšēʿî*": "niphal imperfect, 2nd feminine singular - you will be saved", "*tālîn*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - it will lodge/remain", "*qirbēḵ*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your midst", "*maḥšəbôt*": "feminine plural noun, construct - thoughts of", "*ʾônēḵ*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd feminine singular suffix - your wickedness" }, "variants": { "*Kabbəsî*": "wash/cleanse/purify", "*rāʿāh*": "evil/wickedness/harm", "*libbēḵ*": "your heart/mind/inner self", "*tiwwāšēʿî*": "be saved/delivered/rescued", "*tālîn*": "lodge/remain/stay overnight", "*qirbēḵ*": "your midst/within you/inside you", "*maḥšəbôt*": "thoughts/plans/schemes", "*ʾônēḵ*": "your wickedness/iniquity/trouble" } }
• Jer 9:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.9.6", "source": "לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת הִנְנִ֥י צוֹרְפָ֖ם וּבְחַנְתִּ֑ים כִּֽי־אֵ֣יךְ אֶעֱשֶׂ֔ה מִפְּנֵ֖י בַּת־עַמִּֽי׃", "text": "*lākēn* thus *'āmar* *YHWH* *ṣĕbā'ôt* *hinĕnî* *ṣôrĕpām* *ûbĕḥantîm* *kî*-how *'e'ĕśeh* from-*pĕnê* *bat*-*'ammî*", "grammar": { "*lākēn*": "adverb - therefore", "*'āmar*": "perfect verb, 3rd person masculine singular - he has said", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ṣĕbā'ôt*": "feminine plural noun - of hosts/armies", "*hinĕnî*": "interjection with 1st person singular suffix - behold me", "*ṣôrĕpām*": "participle, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - refining them", "*ûbĕḥantîm*": "conjunction + perfect verb, 1st person singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and I will test them", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*'e'ĕśeh*": "imperfect verb, 1st person singular - I will do", "*pĕnê*": "masculine plural noun, construct state with prefixed preposition - from the face of", "*bat*": "feminine noun, construct state - daughter of", "*'ammî*": "masculine noun with 1st person singular suffix - my people" }, "variants": { "*lākēn*": "therefore/thus/for this reason", "*'āmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*ṣĕbā'ôt*": "of hosts/armies/multitudes", "*hinĕnî*": "behold me/look, I am/here I am", "*ṣôrĕpām*": "refining them/smelting them/purifying them", "*ûbĕḥantîm*": "and I will test them/try them/examine them", "*'e'ĕśeh*": "I will do/act/perform", "*pĕnê*": "face of/presence of/because of", "*bat-'ammî*": "daughter of my people (collective term for the people)" } }
• Ezek 5:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.5.6", "source": "וַתֶּ֨מֶר אֶת־מִשְׁפָּטַ֤י לְרִשְׁעָה֙ מִן־הַגּוֹיִ֔ם וְאֶ֨ת־חֻקּוֹתַ֔י מִן־הָאֲרָצ֖וֹת אֲשֶׁ֣ר סְבִיבוֹתֶ֑יהָ כִּ֤י בְמִשְׁפָּטַי֙ מָאָ֔סוּ וְחֻקּוֹתַ֖י לֹא־הָלְכ֥וּ בָהֶֽם׃", "text": "wa-*temer* *ʾet-mišpāṭay* *lərišʿāh* *min-ha-gôyim* wə-*ʾet-ḥuqqôtay* *min-hā-ʾărāṣôt* *ʾăšer* *səbîbôteyhā* *kî* *bə-mišpāṭay* *māʾāsû* wə-*ḥuqqôtay* *lōʾ-hālkû* *bāhem*", "grammar": { "wa-*temer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3rd person feminine singular - and she rebelled", "*ʾet-mišpāṭay*": "direct object marker + masculine plural noun + 1st person singular suffix - my judgments", "*lərišʿāh*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - to wickedness", "*min-ha-gôyim*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - more than the nations", "wə-*ʾet-ḥuqqôtay*": "conjunction + direct object marker + feminine plural noun + 1st person singular suffix - and my statutes", "*min-hā-ʾărāṣôt*": "preposition + definite article + feminine plural noun - more than the lands", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*səbîbôteyhā*": "preposition + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - around her", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*bə-mišpāṭay*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 1st person singular suffix - in my judgments", "*māʾāsû*": "qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they rejected", "wə-*ḥuqqôtay*": "conjunction + feminine plural noun + 1st person singular suffix - and my statutes", "*lōʾ-hālkû*": "negative particle + qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they did not walk", "*bāhem*": "preposition + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in them" }, "variants": { "*temer*": "rebelled/exchanged/altered (possibly from מור)", "*mišpāṭay*": "my judgments/ordinances/laws", "*ḥuqqôtay*": "my statutes/decrees/ordinances", "*māʾāsû*": "rejected/refused/despised", "*hālkû bāhem*": "walked in them/followed them/observed them" } }
• Ps 78:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Psalms.78.22", "source": "כִּ֤י לֹ֣א הֶ֭אֱמִינוּ בֵּאלֹהִ֑ים וְלֹ֥א בָ֝טְח֗וּ בִּֽישׁוּעָתֽוֹ׃", "text": "Because *kî* not *lōʾ* *heʾĕmînû* in *bēʾlōhîm* and not *wᵉlōʾ* *bāṭᵉḥû* in his *bîšûʿātô*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - because/for", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*heʾĕmînû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person plural - they believed", "*bēʾlōhîm*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural - in God", "*wᵉlōʾ*": "waw conjunctive + negative particle - and not", "*bāṭᵉḥû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they trusted", "*bîšûʿātô*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his salvation/deliverance" }, "variants": { "*heʾĕmînû*": "they believed/had faith in/trusted", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/judges", "*bāṭᵉḥû*": "they trusted/relied on/were confident in", "*yᵉšûʿâ*": "salvation/deliverance/victory/help" } }
• Ps 81:13-14 : 13 { "verseID": "Psalms.81.13", "source": "וָֽ֭אֲשַׁלְּחֵהוּ בִּשְׁרִיר֣וּת לִבָּ֑ם יֵ֝לְכ֗וּ בְּֽמוֹעֲצוֹתֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wāʾăšalləḥēhû* in *šərîrût* their *libbām*; *yēləḵû* in their *bəmôʿăṣôtêhem*", "grammar": { "*wāʾăšalləḥēhû*": "piel imperfect 1st singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix and prefixed conjunction waw - 'and I let him go/sent him away'", "*šərîrût*": "feminine singular construct - 'stubbornness of'", "*libbām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'their heart'", "*yēləḵû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'they walked'", "*bəmôʿăṣôtêhem*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix and prefixed preposition bet - 'in their counsels'" }, "variants": { "*wāʾăšalləḥēhû*": "and I let him go/I sent him away/I gave him over", "*šərîrût*": "stubbornness/hardness/imagination", "*libbām*": "their heart/their mind/their inner being", "*yēləḵû*": "they walked/they went/they followed", "*bəmôʿăṣôtêhem*": "in their counsels/in their devices/in their plans" } } 14 { "verseID": "Psalms.81.14", "source": "ל֗וּ עַ֭מִּי שֹׁמֵ֣עַֽ לִ֑י יִ֝שְׂרָאֵ֗ל בִּדְרָכַ֥י יְהַלֵּֽכוּ׃", "text": "Oh that my *ʿammî* *šōmēaʿ* to me, *yiśrāʾēl* in my *bidrāḵay* *yəhallēḵû*", "grammar": { "*ʿammî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - 'my people'", "*šōmēaʿ*": "qal active participle - 'would listen/hearing'", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper name - 'Israel'", "*bidrāḵay*": "feminine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix and prefixed preposition bet - 'in my ways'", "*yəhallēḵû*": "piel imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'they would walk'" }, "variants": { "*ʿammî*": "my people/my nation", "*šōmēaʿ*": "listening/hearing/obeying", "*bidrāḵay*": "in my ways/in my paths/in my manner of life", "*yəhallēḵû*": "they would walk/they would go/they would follow" } }
• Exod 10:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Exodus.10.3", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֨א מֹשֶׁ֣ה וְאַהֲרֹן֮ אֶל־פַּרְעֹה֒ וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ אֵלָ֗יו כֹּֽה־אָמַ֤ר יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י הָֽעִבְרִ֔ים עַד־מָתַ֣י מֵאַ֔נְתָּ לֵעָנֹ֖ת מִפָּנָ֑י שַׁלַּ֥ח עַמִּ֖י וְיַֽעַבְדֻֽנִי׃", "text": "*wa-yābōʾ* *mōšeh* *wə-ʾahărōn* *ʾel-parʿōh* *wa-yōʾmərû* *ʾēlāyw* *kōh-ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *hā-ʿibrîm* *ʿad-mātay* *mēʾantā* *lēʿānōt* *mi-pānāy* *šallaḥ* *ʿammî* *wə-yaʿabdûnî*", "grammar": { "*wa-yābōʾ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and came", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*wə-ʾahărōn*": "conjunction + proper noun - and Aaron", "*ʾel-parʿōh*": "preposition + proper noun - to Pharaoh", "*wa-yōʾmərû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they said", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*kōh-ʾāmar*": "adverb + Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - thus says", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "noun masculine plural construct - God of", "*hā-ʿibrîm*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the Hebrews", "*ʿad-mātay*": "preposition + interrogative - until when/how long", "*mēʾantā*": "Piel perfect 2nd masculine singular - you have refused", "*lēʿānōt*": "preposition + Niphal infinitive construct - to be humbled", "*mi-pānāy*": "preposition + noun common plural with 1st person singular suffix - from my face/presence", "*šallaḥ*": "Piel imperative masculine singular - send away/let go", "*ʿammî*": "noun masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my people", "*wə-yaʿabdûnî*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - that they may serve me" }, "variants": { "*mēʾantā*": "refused/declined/rejected", "*lēʿānōt*": "to be humbled/to humble yourself/to submit", "*mi-pānāy*": "from my face/before me/from my presence" } }
• Num 14:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Numbers.14.11", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה עַד־אָ֥נָה יְנַאֲצֻ֖נִי הָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֑ה וְעַד־אָ֙נָה֙ לֹא־יַאֲמִ֣ינוּ בִ֔י בְּכֹל֙ הָֽאֹת֔וֹת אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשִׂ֖יתִי בְּקִרְבּֽוֹ׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to *mōšeh* until when will *yĕnaʾăṣunî* me the *hāʿām* the this and until when not *yaʾămînû* in me with all the *hāʾōṯôṯ* which I have *ʿāśîṯî* in his *bĕqirbô*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*yĕnaʾăṣunî*": "piel imperfect, 3rd plural with 1st singular suffix - they will despise me", "*hāʿām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the people", "*yaʾămînû*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd plural - they will believe", "*hāʾōṯôṯ*": "feminine plural noun with definite article - the signs", "*ʿāśîṯî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I have done", "*bĕqirbô*": "masculine singular noun with preposition and 3rd masculine singular suffix - in its midst" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke/declared", "*yĕnaʾăṣunî*": "despise me/reject me/spurn me", "*hāʿām*": "the people/nation", "*yaʾămînû*": "believe/trust/have faith", "*hāʾōṯôṯ*": "signs/wonders/miracles", "*ʿāśîṯî*": "done/performed/accomplished", "*bĕqirbô*": "in its midst/among them/within it" } }
• Num 20:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Numbers.20.12", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָה֮ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֣ה וְאֶֽל־אַהֲרֹן֒ יַ֚עַן לֹא־הֶאֱמַנְתֶּ֣ם בִּ֔י לְהַ֨קְדִּישֵׁ֔נִי לְעֵינֵ֖י בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל לָכֵ֗ן לֹ֤א תָבִ֙יאוּ֙ אֶת־הַקָּהָ֣ל הַזֶּ֔ה אֶל־הָאָ֖רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־נָתַ֥תִּי לָהֶֽם", "text": "And-*yōʾmer* *yəhwâ* to-*mōšeh* and-to-*ʾahărōn* *yaʿan* not-*heʾĕmantem* in-me *ləhaqdîšēnî* before-eyes *bənê* *yiśrāʾēl* therefore not *tābîʾû* *ʾet*-the-*qāhāl* the-*zeh* to-the-*ʾāreṣ* which-*nātattî* to-them", "grammar": { "*yōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*yəhwâ*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*ʾahărōn*": "proper noun - Aaron", "*yaʿan*": "conjunction - because", "*heʾĕmantem*": "hiphil perfect 2nd masculine plural - you believed", "*ləhaqdîšēnî*": "hiphil infinitive construct with lamed + 1st singular suffix - to sanctify me", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons/children of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*tābîʾû*": "hiphil imperfect 2nd masculine plural - you will bring", "*qāhāl*": "masculine singular with definite article - the assembly", "*zeh*": "demonstrative adjective - this", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular with definite article - the land", "*nātattî*": "qal perfect 1st singular - I have given" }, "variants": { "*yaʿan*": "because/since", "*heʾĕmantem*": "believed/trusted", "*ləhaqdîšēnî*": "to sanctify me/to treat me as holy", "*bənê* *yiśrāʾēl*": "children of Israel/Israelites", "*tābîʾû*": "bring/lead", "*qāhāl*": "assembly/congregation", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/country" } }