Exodus 19:15

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Exodus.19.15", "source": "וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אֶל־הָעָ֔ם הֱי֥וּ נְכֹנִ֖ים לִשְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת יָמִ֑ים אַֽל־תִּגְּשׁ֖וּ אֶל־אִשָּֽׁה׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer* to the *ʿām* *hĕyû* *nəḵōnîm* for *šəlōšet* *yāmîm* not *tiggəšû* to *ʾiššāh*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the people", "*hĕyû*": "verb, qal imperative masculine plural - be", "*nəḵōnîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - ready/prepared", "*šəlōšet*": "noun, feminine singular construct - three of", "*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - days", "*tiggəšû*": "verb, qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - you shall come near/approach", "*ʾiššāh*": "noun, feminine singular - woman/wife" }, "variants": { "*nəḵōnîm*": "ready/prepared/set", "*tiggəšû*": "come near/approach/go near", "*ʾiššāh*": "woman/wife" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אֶל־הָעָ֔ם הֱי֥וּ נְכֹנִ֖ים לִשְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת יָמִ֑ים אַֽל־תִּגְּשׁ֖וּ אֶל־אִשָּֽׁה׃

Transliteration

wə-yōʾmer to the ʿām hĕyû nəḵōnîm for šəlōšet yāmîm not tiggəšû to ʾiššāh.

Grammar Details

• *wə-yōʾmer*: conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said
• *ʿām*: noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the people
• *hĕyû*: verb, qal imperative masculine plural - be
• *nəḵōnîm*: adjective, masculine plural - ready/prepared
• *šəlōšet*: noun, feminine singular construct - three of
• *yāmîm*: noun, masculine plural - days
• *tiggəšû*: verb, qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - you shall come near/approach
• *ʾiššāh*: noun, feminine singular - woman/wife

Word Meanings

• *nəḵōnîm*: ready/prepared/set
• *tiggəšû*: come near/approach/go near
• *ʾiššāh*: woman/wife

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  He said to the people, 'Be ready by the third day; do not go near a woman.'

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And he said unto the people, Be ready against the third day: come not at your wives.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And he said to the people, Be ready for the third day; do not come near your wives.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And he said unto the people, Be ready against the third day: come not at your wives.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  And he said{H559} unto the people,{H5971} Be{H1961} ready{H3559} against the third{H7969} day:{H3117} come{H5066} not near a woman.{H802}

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And he said{H559}{(H8799)} unto the people{H5971}, Be{H1961}{(H8798)} ready{H3559}{(H8737)} against the third{H7969} day{H3117}: come{H5066}{(H8799)} not at your wives{H802}.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  And he sayde vnto the people: be redie agenst the thirde daye, and se that ye come not at youre wiues.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And he sayde vnto them: Be ready agaynst the thirde daye, and no man come at his wife.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And he said vnto the people, Be ready on the third day, and come not at your wiues.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And he sayd vnto the people: be redy agaynst the thirde day, and come not at your wyues.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And he said unto the people, Be ready against the third day: come not at [your] wives.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  He said to the people, "Be ready by the third day. Don't have sexual relations with a woman."

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and he saith unto the people, `Be ye prepared for the third day, come not nigh unto a woman.'

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And he said unto the people, Be ready against the third day: come not near a woman.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And he said unto the people, Be ready against the third day: come not near a woman.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And he said to the people, Be ready by the third day: do not come near a woman.

• World English Bible (2000)

  He said to the people, "Be ready by the third day. Don't have sexual relations with a woman."

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  He said to the people,“Be ready for the third day. Do not approach your wives for marital relations.”

Referenced Verses

• 1 Sam 21:4-5 : 4 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.21.4", "source": "וְעַתָּ֗ה מַה־יֵּ֧שׁ תַּֽחַת־יָדְךָ֛ חֲמִשָּׁה־לֶ֖חֶם תְּנָ֣ה בְיָדִ֑י א֖וֹ הַנִּמְצָֽא׃", "text": "And *weʿattâ* what-*yēš* under-your *yādekā* five-*leḥem* *tenâ* in my *beyādî* or the *hannimṣāʾ*", "grammar": { "*weʿattâ*": "waw conjunction + adverb - and now", "*yēš*": "particle of existence - there is/are", "*yādekā*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your hand", "*leḥem*": "noun, masculine singular, absolute - bread", "*tenâ*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - give", "*beyādî*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - in my hand", "*hannimṣāʾ*": "definite article + niphal participle, masculine singular, absolute - the found/available" }, "variants": { "*yēš*": "there is/exists/is available", "*leḥem*": "bread/food", "*tenâ*": "give/place/put", "*hannimṣāʾ*": "the [thing] found/whatever is available/what can be found" } } 5 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.21.5", "source": "וַיַּ֨עַן הַכֹּהֵ֤ן אֶת־דָּוִד֙ וַיֹּ֔אמֶר אֵֽין־לֶ֥חֶם חֹ֖ל אֶל־תַּ֣חַת יָדִ֑י כִּֽי־אִם־לֶ֤חֶם קֹ֙דֶשׁ֙ יֵ֔שׁ אִם־נִשְׁמְר֥וּ הַנְּעָרִ֖ים אַ֥ךְ מֵאִשָּֽׁה׃", "text": "And *wayyaʿan* the *hakkōhēn* *ʾet*-*Dāwid* and *wayyōʾmer* there is not-*leḥem* *ḥōl* to-under my *yādî* for-if-*leḥem* *qōdeš* *yēš* if-*nišmerû* the *hanneʿārîm* only from *ʾiššâ*", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿan*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he answered", "*hakkōhēn*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular, absolute - the priest", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*leḥem*": "noun, masculine singular, absolute - bread", "*ḥōl*": "noun, masculine singular, absolute - common/profane/ordinary", "*yādî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my hand", "*qōdeš*": "noun, masculine singular, absolute - holy/sacred", "*yēš*": "particle of existence - there is/are", "*nišmerû*": "niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - they kept themselves/were kept", "*hanneʿārîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural, absolute - the young men/servants", "*ʾiššâ*": "noun, feminine singular, absolute - woman" }, "variants": { "*wayyaʿan*": "answered/responded/replied", "*leḥem ḥōl*": "common bread/ordinary bread/unconsecrated bread", "*leḥem qōdeš*": "holy bread/consecrated bread/sacred bread", "*nišmerû*": "kept themselves/abstained/stayed away from/were kept" } }
• Exod 19:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Exodus.19.11", "source": "וְהָי֥וּ נְכֹנִ֖ים לַיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֑י כִּ֣י ׀ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֗י יֵרֵ֧ד יְהוָ֛ה לְעֵינֵ֥י כָל־הָעָ֖ם עַל־הַ֥ר סִינָֽי׃", "text": "*wə-hāyû* *nəḵōnîm* for the *yôm* the *šəlîšî* for in the *yôm* the *šəlîšî* *yērēd* *YHWH* to *ʿênê* all the *ʿām* on *har* *sînāy*.", "grammar": { "*wə-hāyû*": "conjunction + verb, qal perfect 3rd common plural - and they shall be", "*nəḵōnîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - ready/prepared", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the day", "*šəlîšî*": "adjective, masculine singular (with definite article) - the third", "*yērēd*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will come down/descend", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the divine name (Yahweh/Jehovah)", "*ʿênê*": "noun, feminine plural construct - eyes of", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the people", "*har*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mountain of", "*sînāy*": "proper noun - Sinai" }, "variants": { "*nəḵōnîm*": "ready/prepared/established", "*yērēd*": "will come down/will descend", "*lə-ʿênê*": "in the sight of/before the eyes of" } }
• 1 Cor 7:5 : 5 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.7.5", "source": "Μὴ ἀποστερεῖτε ἀλλήλους, εἰ μήτι ἂν ἐκ συμφώνου πρὸς καιρὸν, ἵνα σχολάζητε τῇ νηστείᾳ καὶ τῇ προσευχῇ· καὶ πάλιν ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ συνέρχησθε, ἵνα μὴ πειράζῃ ὑμᾶς ὁ Σατανᾶς διὰ τὴν ἀκρασίαν ὑμῶν.", "text": "*Mē* *apostereite* *allēlous*, *ei* *mēti* *an* from *sumphōnou* for *kairon*, *hina* *scholazēte* to the *nēsteia* and to the *proseuchē*; and *palin* upon the same *sunerchēsthe*, *hina* *mē* *peirazē* you the *Satanas* through the *akrasian* of you.", "grammar": { "*Mē*": "negative particle with imperative - do not", "*apostereite*": "present active imperative, 2nd person plural - deprive/rob/withhold", "*allēlous*": "accusative, masculine, plural, reciprocal pronoun - one another/each other", "*ei*": "conditional particle - if/except", "*mēti*": "negative conditional particle - unless/except", "*an*": "modal particle - would/might (adds potential aspect)", "*sumphōnou*": "genitive, neuter, singular - agreement/consent/harmony", "*kairon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - time/season/opportunity", "*hina*": "conjunction - so that/in order that", "*scholazēte*": "present active subjunctive, 2nd person plural - devote yourselves to/be free for", "*nēsteia*": "dative, feminine, singular - fasting", "*proseuchē*": "dative, feminine, singular - prayer", "*palin*": "adverb - again/once more", "*sunerchēsthe*": "present middle subjunctive, 2nd person plural - come together/assemble/reunite", "*peirazē*": "present active subjunctive, 3rd person singular - test/tempt/try", "*Satanas*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Satan", "*akrasian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - lack of self-control/incontinence" }, "variants": { "*apostereite*": "deprive/rob/withhold/deny", "*sumphōnou*": "agreement/consent/mutual consent", "*kairon*": "time/season/appointed time", "*scholazēte*": "devote yourselves to/be free for/have leisure for", "*nēsteia*": "fasting/abstinence from food", "*proseuchē*": "prayer/supplication", "*sunerchēsthe*": "come together/assemble/reunite/have sexual relations", "*peirazē*": "test/tempt/try", "*akrasian*": "lack of self-control/incontinence/weakness" } }
• 2 Pet 3:11-12 : 11 { "verseID": "2 Peter.3.11", "source": "Τούτων οὺν πάντων λυομένων, ποταποὺς δεῖ ὑπάρχειν ὑμᾶς ἐν ἁγίαις ἀναστροφαῖς καὶ εὐσεβείαις,", "text": "These *oun* all *lyomenōn*, what-manner *dei hyparchein* you in *hagiais anastrophais* and *eusebeiais*,", "grammar": { "*oun*": "conjunction - therefore/then/accordingly", "*lyomenōn*": "present passive participle, genitive, neuter, plural - being dissolved/destroyed", "*dei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - it is necessary/proper", "*hyparchein*": "present active infinitive - to be/exist/live", "*hagiais*": "dative, feminine, plural - holy/set apart", "*anastrophais*": "dative, feminine, plural - conducts/behaviors/ways of life", "*eusebeiais*": "dative, feminine, plural - godlinesses/pieties/reverences" }, "variants": { "*oun*": "therefore/then/accordingly/consequently", "*lyomenōn*": "being dissolved/destroyed/coming apart", "*dei*": "it is necessary/proper/one must", "*hyparchein*": "to be/exist/live/conduct oneself", "*hagiais*": "holy/set apart/consecrated", "*anastrophais*": "conducts/behaviors/ways of life/manner of living", "*eusebeiais*": "godlinesses/pieties/reverences/devotions" } } 12 { "verseID": "2 Peter.3.12", "source": "Προσδοκῶντας καὶ σπεύδοντας τὴν παρουσίαν τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡμέρας, διʼ ἣν οὐρανοὶ πυρούμενοι λυθήσονται, καὶ στοιχεῖα καυσούμενα τήκεται;", "text": "*Prosdokōntas* and *speudontas* the *parousian* of-the of-the *Theou hēmeras*, through which *ouranoi pyroumenoi lythēsontai*, and *stoicheia kausoumena tēketai*?", "grammar": { "*prosdokōntas*": "present active participle, accusative, masculine, plural - expecting/waiting for/looking for", "*speudontas*": "present active participle, accusative, masculine, plural - hastening/hurrying/earnestly desiring", "*parousian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - coming/arrival/presence", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*hēmeras*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of day", "*ouranoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - heavens/skies", "*pyroumenoi*": "present passive participle, nominative, masculine, plural - being set on fire/burning", "*lythēsontai*": "future passive indicative, 3rd person plural - will be dissolved/melted", "*stoicheia*": "nominative, neuter, plural - elements/basic principles", "*kausoumena*": "present passive participle, nominative, neuter, plural - being burned up/consumed with heat", "*tēketai*": "present passive indicative, 3rd person singular - is melting/dissolving" }, "variants": { "*prosdokōntas*": "expecting/waiting for/looking for/anticipating", "*speudontas*": "hastening/hurrying/earnestly desiring/eagerly awaiting", "*parousian*": "coming/arrival/presence/appearance", "*Theou*": "God/deity", "*hēmeras*": "day/time period", "*ouranoi*": "heavens/skies/celestial regions", "*pyroumenoi*": "being set on fire/burning/being consumed by fire", "*lythēsontai*": "will be dissolved/melted/destroyed", "*stoicheia*": "elements/basic principles/fundamental parts", "*kausoumena*": "being burned up/consumed with heat/set on fire", "*tēketai*": "is melting/dissolving/liquefying" } }
• Exod 19:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Exodus.19.16", "source": "וַיְהִי֩ בַיּ֨וֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֜י בִּֽהְיֹ֣ת הַבֹּ֗קֶר וַיְהִי֩ קֹלֹ֨ת וּבְרָקִ֜ים וְעָנָ֤ן כָּבֵד֙ עַל־הָהָ֔ר וְקֹ֥ל שֹׁפָ֖ר חָזָ֣ק מְאֹ֑ד וַיֶּחֱרַ֥ד כָּל־הָעָ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר בַּֽמַּחֲנֶֽה׃", "text": "*wə-yhî* in the *yôm* the *šəlîšî* in *bihyōt* the *bōqer* *wə-yhî* *qōlōt* and *bərāqîm* and *ʿānān* *kābēd* on the *hār* and *qōl* *šōpār* *ḥāzāq* very and *wə-yeḥĕrad* all the *ʿām* *ʾăšer* in the *maḥăneh*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yhî*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular apocopated - and it happened", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the day", "*šəlîšî*": "adjective, masculine singular (with definite article) - the third", "*bihyōt*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - at the being of", "*bōqer*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the morning", "*wə-yhî*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular apocopated - and there were", "*qōlōt*": "noun, masculine plural - voices/thunders", "*bərāqîm*": "noun, masculine plural - lightnings", "*ʿānān*": "noun, masculine singular - cloud", "*kābēd*": "adjective, masculine singular - heavy/thick", "*hār*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the mountain", "*qōl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - sound of", "*šōpār*": "noun, masculine singular - ram's horn/trumpet", "*ḥāzāq*": "adjective, masculine singular - strong", "*wə-yeḥĕrad*": "conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and trembled", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the people", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - who/that", "*maḥăneh*": "noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the camp" }, "variants": { "*qōlōt*": "thunders/voices/sounds", "*ʿānān kābēd*": "thick cloud/dense cloud/heavy cloud", "*šōpār*": "trumpet/ram's horn/shofar" } }
• Joel 2:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Joel.2.16", "source": "אִסְפוּ־עָ֞ם קַדְּשׁ֤וּ קָהָל֙ קִבְצ֣וּ זְקֵנִ֔ים אִסְפוּ֙ עֽוֹלָלִ֔ים וְיֹנְקֵ֖י שָׁדָ֑יִם יֵצֵ֤א חָתָן֙ מֵֽחֶדְר֔וֹ וְכַלָּ֖ה מֵחֻפָּתָֽהּ׃", "text": "*ʾIsfû*-*ʿām* *qaddeshû* *qāhāl* *qibtsû* *zeqēnîm* *ʾisfû* *ʿôlālîm* and-*yōneqê* *shādāyim* *yētsēʾ* *ḥātān* from-*ḥedrô* and-*kallâ* from-*ḥuppātāh*.", "grammar": { "*ʾIsfû*": "qal imperative, 2nd person masculine plural - gather/assemble", "*ʿām*": "masculine singular noun - people", "*qaddeshû*": "piel imperative, 2nd person masculine plural - consecrate/sanctify", "*qāhāl*": "masculine singular noun - assembly/congregation", "*qibtsû*": "qal imperative, 2nd person masculine plural - gather/collect", "*zeqēnîm*": "masculine plural noun - elders/old men", "*ʾisfû*": "qal imperative, 2nd person masculine plural - gather/assemble", "*ʿôlālîm*": "masculine plural noun - children/infants", "*yōneqê*": "masculine plural construct - sucklings of", "*shādāyim*": "masculine dual noun - breasts", "*yētsēʾ*": "qal imperfect jussive, 3rd person masculine singular - let him go out", "*ḥātān*": "masculine singular noun - bridegroom", "*ḥedrô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his chamber", "*kallâ*": "feminine singular noun - bride", "*ḥuppātāh*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her chamber/canopy" }, "variants": { "*ʾIsfû*": "gather/assemble/collect", "*qaddeshû*": "consecrate/sanctify/set apart", "*qibtsû*": "gather/collect/assemble", "*ʿôlālîm*": "children/infants/babes", "*yōneqê*": "sucklings of/nursing children", "*yētsēʾ*": "let him go out/come out/depart", "*ḥātān*": "bridegroom/son-in-law", "*ḥedrô*": "his chamber/room/inner room", "*ḥuppātāh*": "her chamber/canopy/bridal chamber" } }
• Amos 4:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Amos.4.12", "source": "לָכֵ֕ן כֹּ֥ה אֶעֱשֶׂה־לְּךָ֖ יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל עֵ֚קֶב כִּֽי־זֹ֣את אֶֽעֱשֶׂה־לָּ֔ךְ הִכּ֥וֹן לִקְרַאת־אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*Lākēn* thus *ʾeʿĕśeh*-to you *Yiśrāʾēl* *ʿēqeb* that-this *ʾeʿĕśeh*-to you, *hikkôn* to *liqraʾt*-*ʾĕlōhêkā* *Yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*Lākēn*": "adverb - therefore", "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "imperfect, 1st person singular - I will do", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʿēqeb*": "conjunction/preposition - because/as a result", "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "imperfect, 1st person singular - I will do", "*hikkôn*": "imperative, masculine singular, niphal - be prepared/ready", "*liqraʾt*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to meet", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your God" }, "variants": { "*lākēn*": "therefore/thus/for this reason", "*ʿēqeb*": "because/as a result of/consequence", "*hikkôn*": "prepare yourself/be ready/stand prepared", "*liqraʾt*": "to meet/to encounter/to confront" } }
• Zech 6:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Zechariah.6.3", "source": "וּבַמֶּרְכָּבָ֥ה הַשְּׁלִשִׁ֖ית סוּסִ֣ים לְבָנִ֑ים וּבַמֶּרְכָּבָה֙ הָרְבִעִ֔ית סוּסִ֥ים בְּרֻדִּ֖ים אֲמֻצִּֽים׃", "text": "And in the *merkāḇāh* *haššəlišîṯ* (third chariot) were *sûsîm* *ləḇānîm* (white horses), and in the *merkāḇāh* *hārḇiʿîṯ* (fourth chariot) were *sûsîm* *bərud·dîm* *ʾămuṣ·ṣîm* (dappled, strong horses).", "grammar": { "*merkāḇāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article and preposition - in the chariot", "*haššəlišîṯ*": "feminine singular ordinal number with definite article - the third", "*sûsîm*": "masculine plural noun - horses", "*ləḇānîm*": "masculine plural adjective - white", "*hārḇiʿîṯ*": "feminine singular ordinal number with definite article - the fourth", "*bərud·dîm*": "masculine plural adjective - spotted/dappled", "*ʾămuṣ·ṣîm*": "masculine plural adjective - strong/mighty" }, "variants": { "*ləḇānîm*": "white", "*bərud·dîm*": "spotted/dappled/piebald/speckled", "*ʾămuṣ·ṣîm*": "strong/powerful/mighty" } }
• Zech 7:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Zechariah.7.3", "source": "לֵאמֹ֗ר אֶל־הַכֹּֽהֲנִים֙ אֲשֶׁר֙ לְבֵית־יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת וְאֶל־הַנְּבִיאִ֖ים לֵאמֹ֑ר הַֽאֶבְכֶּה֙ בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַחֲמִשִׁ֔י הִנָּזֵ֕ר כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִׂ֔יתִי זֶ֖ה כַּמֶּ֥ה שָׁנִֽים׃ פ", "text": "To *lēʾmōr* unto the *kōhănîm* who to *bêṯ-YHWH ṣəḇāʾôṯ* and unto the *nəḇîʾîm* to *lēʾmōr*: *ha-ʾeḇkeh* in the month the fifth, *hinnāzēr* as which *ʿāśîṯî* this *kammeh* years?", "grammar": { "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to say/saying", "*kōhănîm*": "noun, masculine plural - priests", "*bêṯ-YHWH ṣəḇāʾôṯ*": "construct phrase - house of YHWH of hosts", "*nəḇîʾîm*": "noun, masculine plural - prophets", "*ha-ʾeḇkeh*": "interrogative particle + qal imperfect, 1st common singular - shall I weep?", "*hinnāzēr*": "niphal infinitive absolute - separating/consecrating myself", "*ʿāśîṯî*": "qal perfect, 1st common singular - I have done/made", "*kammeh*": "preposition + interrogative - how many" }, "variants": { "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say", "*ha-ʾeḇkeh*": "shall I weep?/should I weep?", "*hinnāzēr*": "separating myself/consecrating myself/abstaining", "*kammeh*": "how many/for how many/these many" } }
• Zech 12:12-14 : 12 { "verseID": "Zechariah.12.12", "source": "וְסָפְדָ֣ה הָאָ֔רֶץ מִשְׁפָּח֥וֹת מִשְׁפָּח֖וֹת לְבָ֑ד מִשְׁפַּ֨חַת בֵּית־דָּוִ֤יד לְבָד֙ וּנְשֵׁיהֶ֣ם לְבָ֔ד מִשְׁפַּ֤חַת בֵּית־נָתָן֙ לְבָ֔ד וּנְשֵׁיהֶ֖ם לְבָֽד׃", "text": "*Wə*-*sāp̄ədāh* *hāʾāreṣ* *mišpāḥôt* *mišpāḥôt* to-*ḇād* *mišpaḥat* house-*Dāwid* to-*ḇād* *û*-*nəšêhem* to-*ḇād* *mišpaḥat* house-*Nātān* to-*ḇād* *û*-*nəšêhem* to-*ḇād*", "grammar": { "*Wə*": "conjunction - and", "*sāp̄ədāh*": "perfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular, Qal - it will mourn", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular - the land", "*mišpāḥôt*": "feminine plural - families/clans", "*ḇād*": "masculine singular - separation/alone", "*mišpaḥat*": "feminine singular construct - family of", "*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular - David", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*nəšêhem*": "feminine plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their wives", "*Nātān*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Nathan" }, "variants": { "*sāp̄ədāh*": "will mourn/lament/wail", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "the land/earth/country", "*mišpāḥôt*": "families/clans/tribes", "*ḇād*": "alone/separately/apart", "*nəšêhem*": "their wives/women" } } 13 { "verseID": "Zechariah.12.13", "source": "מִשְׁפַּ֤חַת בֵּית־לֵוִי֙ לְבָ֔ד וּנְשֵׁיהֶ֖ם לְבָ֑ד מִשְׁפַּ֤חַת הַשִּׁמְעִי֙ לְבָ֔ד וּנְשֵׁיהֶ֖ם לְבָֽד׃", "text": "*Mišpaḥat* house-*Lēwî* to-*ḇād* *û*-*nəšêhem* to-*ḇād* *mišpaḥat* *haŠŠimʿî* to-*ḇād* *û*-*nəšêhem* to-*ḇād*", "grammar": { "*Mišpaḥat*": "feminine singular construct - family of", "*Lēwî*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Levi", "*ḇād*": "masculine singular - separation/alone", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*nəšêhem*": "feminine plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their wives", "*haŠŠimʿî*": "definite article + proper noun, masculine singular - the Shimeite" }, "variants": { "*Mišpaḥat*": "family/clan/tribe", "*ḇād*": "alone/separately/apart", "*nəšêhem*": "their wives/women", "*haŠŠimʿî*": "the Shimeite/descendants of Shimei" } } 14 { "verseID": "Zechariah.12.14", "source": "כֹּ֗ל הַמִּשְׁפָּחוֹת֙ הַנִּשְׁאָר֔וֹת מִשְׁפָּחֹ֥ת מִשְׁפָּחֹ֖ת לְבָ֑ד וּנְשֵׁיהֶ֖ם לְבָֽד׃", "text": "All *hammišpāḥôt* *hannišʾārôt* *mišpāḥōt* *mišpāḥōt* to-*ḇād* *û*-*nəšêhem* to-*ḇād*", "grammar": { "*hammišpāḥôt*": "definite article + feminine plural - the families", "*hannišʾārôt*": "definite article + participle, feminine plural, Niphal - the remaining ones", "*mišpāḥōt*": "feminine plural - families/clans", "*ḇād*": "masculine singular - separation/alone", "*û*": "conjunction - and", "*nəšêhem*": "feminine plural + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their wives" }, "variants": { "*hammišpāḥôt*": "the families/clans/tribes", "*hannišʾārôt*": "the remaining/left/other", "*ḇād*": "alone/separately/apart", "*nəšêhem*": "their wives/women" } }
• Mal 3:2 : 2 { "verseID": "Malachi.3.2", "source": "וּמִ֤י מְכַלְכֵּל֙ אֶת־י֣וֹם בּוֹא֔וֹ וּמִ֥י הָעֹמֵ֖ד בְּהֵרָֽאוֹת֑וֹ כִּֽי־הוּא֙ כְּאֵ֣שׁ מְצָרֵ֔ף וּכְבֹרִ֖ית מְכַבְּסִֽים׃", "text": "*U-mi* *mekhalkel* *et-yom* *boʾo* *u-mi* *ha-ʿomed* *be-heraʾoto* *ki-huʾ* *ke-ʾesh* *metsaref* *u-khe-borit* *mekhabsim*.", "grammar": { "*U-mi*": "waw conjunction + interrogative pronoun - and who", "*mekhalkel*": "Pilpel participle, masculine singular - enduring/sustaining", "*et*": "direct object marker", "*yom*": "noun, masculine singular construct - day of", "*boʾo*": "Qal infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his coming", "*u-mi*": "waw conjunction + interrogative pronoun - and who", "*ha-ʿomed*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the one standing", "*be-heraʾoto*": "preposition + Niphal infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - when he appears", "*ki*": "conjunction - for/because", "*huʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*ke-ʾesh*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - like fire of", "*metsaref*": "Piel participle, masculine singular - refiner", "*u-khe-borit*": "waw conjunction + preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - and like soap/lye of", "*mekhabsim*": "Piel participle, masculine plural - washers/fullers" }, "variants": { "*mekhalkel*": "endure/sustain/contain/withstand", "*boʾo*": "his coming/his arrival", "*ha-ʿomed*": "standing/enduring/remaining", "*be-heraʾoto*": "when he appears/when he reveals himself", "*metsaref*": "refiner/smelter/purifier", "*borit*": "soap/lye/alkali cleansing agent", "*mekhabsim*": "washers/fullers/cleaners" } }
• Matt 3:10-12 : 10 { "verseID": "Matthew.3.10", "source": "Ἤδη δὲ καὶ ἡ ἀξίνη πρὸς τὴν ῥίζαν τῶν δένδρων κεῖται: πᾶν οὖν δένδρον μὴ ποιοῦν καρπὸν καλὸν ἐκκόπτεται, καὶ εἰς πῦρ βάλλεται.", "text": "*Ēdē* *de* also the *axinē* *pros* the *rhizan* of the *dendrōn* *keitai*: every *oun* *dendron* not *poioun* *karpon* *kalon* *ekkoptetai*, and into *pyr* *balletai*.", "grammar": { "*Ēdē*": "temporal adverb - already/now", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - and/but", "*axinē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - axe", "*pros*": "preposition with accusative - at/to", "*rhizan*": "accusative, feminine, singular - root", "*dendrōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - of trees", "*keitai*": "present middle/passive indicative, 3rd singular - lies/is laid", "*oun*": "inferential conjunction - therefore/then", "*dendron*": "nominative, neuter, singular - tree", "*poioun*": "present active participle, nominative, neuter, singular - producing/making", "*karpon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - fruit", "*kalon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - good", "*ekkoptetai*": "present passive indicative, 3rd singular - is cut down", "*pyr*": "accusative, neuter, singular - fire", "*balletai*": "present passive indicative, 3rd singular - is thrown" }, "variants": { "*Ēdē*": "already/now/at this time", "*axinē*": "axe/hatchet", "*pros*": "at/to/against", "*rhizan*": "root/base", "*keitai*": "lies/is laid/is placed", "*poioun*": "producing/making/bearing", "*karpon*": "fruit/produce/result", "*kalon*": "good/excellent/fine", "*ekkoptetai*": "is cut down/is chopped down/is hewn down", "*balletai*": "is thrown/is cast/is hurled" } } 11 { "verseID": "Matthew.3.11", "source": "Ἐγὼ μὲν βαπτίζω ὑμᾶς ἐν ὕδατι εἰς μετάνοιαν: ὁ δὲ ὀπίσω μου ἐρχόμενος ἰσχυρότερός μού ἐστιν, οὗ οὐκ εἰμὶ ἱκανὸς τὰ ὑποδήματα βαστάσαι: αὐτὸς ὑμᾶς βαπτίσει ἐν Πνεύματι Ἁγίῳ, καὶ πυρί:", "text": "*Egō* *men* *baptizō* you in *hydati* for *metanoian*: the *de* *opisō* of me *erchomenos* *ischyroteros* of me *estin*, of whom not *eimi* *hikanos* the *hypodēmata* *bastasai*: he you *baptisei* in *Pneumati* *Hagiō*, and *pyri*:", "grammar": { "*Egō*": "personal pronoun, nominative, 1st singular - I", "*men*": "postpositive particle indicating contrast - on the one hand", "*baptizō*": "present active indicative, 1st singular - I baptize", "*hydati*": "dative, neuter, singular - with water", "*metanoian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - for repentance", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and (contrasting with *men*)", "*opisō*": "adverb - after/behind", "*erchomenos*": "present middle/passive participle, nominative, masculine, singular - coming", "*ischyroteros*": "comparative adjective, nominative, masculine, singular - mightier/stronger", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - is", "*eimi*": "present active indicative, 1st singular - I am", "*hikanos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - worthy/sufficient", "*hypodēmata*": "accusative, neuter, plural - sandals", "*bastasai*": "aorist active infinitive - to carry/to bear", "*baptisei*": "future active indicative, 3rd singular - will baptize", "*Pneumati*": "dative, neuter, singular - with Spirit", "*Hagiō*": "dative, neuter, singular - Holy", "*pyri*": "dative, neuter, singular - with fire" }, "variants": { "*baptizō*": "I baptize/I immerse/I wash", "*metanoian*": "for repentance/for change of mind/for turning from sin", "*opisō*": "after/behind/following", "*erchomenos*": "coming/arriving/approaching", "*ischyroteros*": "mightier/stronger/more powerful", "*hikanos*": "worthy/sufficient/adequate", "*hypodēmata*": "sandals/shoes/footwear", "*bastasai*": "to carry/to bear/to take up", "*baptisei*": "will baptize/will immerse/will cleanse", "*Pneumati*": "Spirit/wind/breath", "*pyri*": "fire/flame" } } 12 { "verseID": "Matthew.3.12", "source": "Οὗ τὸ πτύον ἐν τῇ χειρὶ αὐτοῦ, καὶ διακαθαριεῖ τὴν ἅλωνα αὐτοῦ, καὶ συνάξει τὸν σῖτον αὐτοῦ εἰς τὴν ἀποθήκην· τὸ δὲ ἄχυρον κατακαύσει πυρὶ ἀσβέστῳ.", "text": "Of whom the *ptyon* in the *cheiri* of him, and *diakathariei* the *halōna* of him, and *synaxei* the *siton* of him into the *apothēkēn*; the *de* *achyron* *katakausei* *pyri* *asbestō*.", "grammar": { "*ptyon*": "nominative, neuter, singular - winnowing fork/fan", "*cheiri*": "dative, feminine, singular - in hand", "*diakathariei*": "future active indicative, 3rd singular - will thoroughly clean", "*halōna*": "accusative, feminine, singular - threshing floor", "*synaxei*": "future active indicative, 3rd singular - will gather", "*siton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - wheat/grain", "*apothēkēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - barn/storehouse", "*de*": "postpositive conjunction - but/and", "*achyron*": "accusative, neuter, singular - chaff", "*katakausei*": "future active indicative, 3rd singular - will burn up", "*pyri*": "dative, neuter, singular - with fire", "*asbestō*": "dative, neuter, singular - unquenchable" }, "variants": { "*ptyon*": "winnowing fork/fan/shovel", "*diakathariei*": "will thoroughly clean/will clear completely/will purge", "*halōna*": "threshing floor/threshing area", "*synaxei*": "will gather/will collect/will bring together", "*siton*": "wheat/grain/corn", "*apothēkēn*": "barn/storehouse/granary", "*achyron*": "chaff/straw/husks", "*katakausei*": "will burn up/will consume with fire/will incinerate", "*asbestō*": "unquenchable/inextinguishable/that cannot be put out" } }
• Matt 24:44 : 44 { "verseID": "Matthew.24.44", "source": "Διὰ τοῦτο καὶ ὑμεῖς γίνεσθε ἕτοιμοι: ὅτι ᾗ ὥρα οὐ δοκεῖτε ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἔρχεται.", "text": "Therefore also you *ginesthe* *hetoimoi*: because in which *hōra* not *dokeite* the *Huios* of the *anthrōpou* *erchetai*.", "grammar": { "*ginesthe*": "present middle/passive imperative, 2nd person plural - become/be", "*hetoimoi*": "nominative masculine plural - ready", "*hōra*": "dative feminine singular - hour", "*dokeite*": "present active, 2nd person plural - you think/expect", "*Huios*": "nominative masculine singular - Son", "*anthrōpou*": "genitive masculine singular - of man", "*erchetai*": "present middle/passive, 3rd person singular - comes/is coming" }, "variants": { "*ginesthe*": "become/be/get", "*hetoimoi*": "ready/prepared", "*hōra*": "hour/time/moment", "*dokeite*": "you think/expect/suppose", "*Huios*": "Son", "*anthrōpou*": "of man/human/mankind", "*erchetai*": "comes/is coming/arrives" } }