Exod 28:6-9 : 6 {
"verseID": "Exodus.28.6",
"source": "וְעָשׂ֖וּ אֶת־הָאֵפֹ֑ד זָ֠הָב תְּכֵ֨לֶת וְאַרְגָּמָ֜ן תּוֹלַ֧עַת שָׁנִ֛י וְשֵׁ֥שׁ מָשְׁזָ֖ר מַעֲשֵׂ֥ה חֹשֵֽׁב׃",
"text": "And they shall make *ʾet*-*hāʾēpōd*: *zāhāb*, *təkēlet* and *ʾargāmān*, *tôlaʿat* *šānî* and *šēš* *mošzār*, *maʿăśēh* *ḥōšēb*.",
"grammar": {
"*wəʿāśû*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they shall make",
"*ʾet-hāʾēpōd*": "direct object marker + definite article + noun masculine singular - the ephod",
"*zāhāb*": "noun masculine singular - gold",
"*təkēlet*": "noun feminine singular - blue",
"*wəʾargāmān*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and purple",
"*tôlaʿat*": "noun feminine singular construct - worm of",
"*šānî*": "noun masculine singular - scarlet",
"*wəšēš*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and fine linen",
"*mošzār*": "hophal participle masculine singular - twisted",
"*maʿăśēh*": "noun masculine singular construct - work of",
"*ḥōšēb*": "qal active participle masculine singular - skillful workman, designer"
},
"variants": {
"*hāʾēpōd*": "ephod (priestly vestment)",
"*təkēlet*": "blue, blue-purple dye",
"*ʾargāmān*": "purple, purple-red dye",
"*tôlaʿat šānî*": "scarlet, crimson (literally: worm of scarlet)",
"*šēš mošzār*": "twisted fine linen, finely twisted linen",
"*maʿăśēh ḥōšēb*": "skillful work, designer's work, artistically woven"
}
}
7 {
"verseID": "Exodus.28.7",
"source": "שְׁתֵּ֧י כְתֵפֹ֣ת חֹֽבְרֹ֗ת יִֽהְיֶה־לּ֛וֹ אֶל־שְׁנֵ֥י קְצוֹתָ֖יו וְחֻבָּֽר׃",
"text": "Two *kətēpōt* *ḥōbərōt* *yihyeh*-to it at-two *qəṣôtāyw* and it shall be joined.",
"grammar": {
"*šəttê*": "numeral feminine construct - two of",
"*kətēpōt*": "noun feminine plural - shoulder pieces",
"*ḥōbərōt*": "qal active participle feminine plural - joining",
"*yihyeh-lô*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - it shall be to it",
"*ʾel-šənê*": "preposition + numeral masculine construct - to two of",
"*qəṣôtāyw*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its edges",
"*wəḥubbār*": "conjunction + pual perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and it shall be joined"
},
"variants": {
"*kətēpōt*": "shoulder pieces, shoulder straps",
"*ḥōbərōt*": "joining, connecting, coupling",
"*qəṣôtāyw*": "its edges, its ends, its extremities"
}
}
8 {
"verseID": "Exodus.28.8",
"source": "וְחֵ֤שֶׁב אֲפֻדָּתוֹ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָלָ֔יו כְּמַעֲשֵׂ֖הוּ מִמֶּ֣נּוּ יִהְיֶ֑ה זָהָ֗ב תְּכֵ֧לֶת וְאַרְגָּמָ֛ן וְתוֹלַ֥עַת שָׁנִ֖י וְשֵׁ֥שׁ מָשְׁזָֽר׃",
"text": "And *ḥēšeb* *ʾăpuddātô* which is on it, like *kəmaʿăśēhû* from it *yihyeh*: *zāhāb*, *təkēlet* and *ʾargāmān* and *tôlaʿat* *šānî* and *šēš* *mošzār*.",
"grammar": {
"*wəḥēšeb*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular construct - and the skillfully woven band",
"*ʾăpuddātô*": "noun feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - of its ephod",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which",
"*ʿālāyw*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - upon it",
"*kəmaʿăśēhû*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - like its workmanship",
"*mimmennû*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - from it",
"*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it shall be",
"*zāhāb*": "noun masculine singular - gold",
"*təkēlet*": "noun feminine singular - blue",
"*wəʾargāmān*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and purple",
"*wətôlaʿat*": "conjunction + noun feminine singular construct - and worm of",
"*šānî*": "noun masculine singular - scarlet",
"*wəšēš*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and fine linen",
"*mošzār*": "hophal participle masculine singular - twisted"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥēšeb*": "skillfully woven band, waistband, decorative band",
"*ʾăpuddātô*": "of its ephod, of its binding",
"*kəmaʿăśēhû*": "like its workmanship, according to its design",
"*mimmennû*": "from it, of the same piece, of the same material"
}
}
9 {
"verseID": "Exodus.28.9",
"source": "וְלָ֣קַחְתָּ֔ אֶת־שְׁתֵּ֖י אַבְנֵי־שֹׁ֑הַם וּפִתַּחְתָּ֣ עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם שְׁמ֖וֹת בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃",
"text": "And *lāqaḥtā* *ʾet*-two *ʾabnê*-*šōham* and *pittaḥtā* upon them *šəmôt* *bənê* *yiśrāʾēl*.",
"grammar": {
"*wəlāqaḥtā*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you shall take",
"*ʾet-šəttê*": "direct object marker + numeral feminine construct - the two of",
"*ʾabnê-šōham*": "noun feminine plural construct + noun masculine singular - stones of onyx",
"*ûpittaḥtā*": "conjunction + piel perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you shall engrave",
"*ʿălêhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - upon them",
"*šəmôt*": "noun masculine plural construct - names of",
"*bənê*": "noun masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾabnê-šōham*": "onyx stones, beryl stones, carnelian stones",
"*pittaḥtā*": "you shall engrave, you shall carve"
}
}
10 {
"verseID": "Exodus.28.10",
"source": "שִׁשָּׁה֙ מִשְּׁמֹתָ֔ם עַ֖ל הָאֶ֣בֶן הָאֶחָ֑ת וְאֶת־שְׁמ֞וֹת הַשִׁשָּׁ֧ה הַנּוֹתָרִ֛ים עַל־הָאֶ֥בֶן הַשֵּׁנִ֖ית כְּתוֹלְדֹתָֽם׃",
"text": "Six *miššəmōtām* on *hāʾeben* *hāʾeḥāt*, and *ʾet*-*šəmôt* *haššiššāh* *hannôtārîm* on-*hāʾeben* *haššēnît* according to *kətôlədōtām*.",
"grammar": {
"*šiššāh*": "numeral masculine - six",
"*miššəmōtām*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - from their names",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - on",
"*hāʾeben*": "definite article + noun feminine singular - the stone",
"*hāʾeḥāt*": "definite article + numeral feminine singular - the one",
"*wəʾet-šəmôt*": "conjunction + direct object marker + noun masculine plural construct - and the names of",
"*haššiššāh*": "definite article + numeral masculine - the six",
"*hannôtārîm*": "definite article + niphal participle masculine plural - the remaining ones",
"*ʿal-hāʾeben*": "preposition + definite article + noun feminine singular - on the stone",
"*haššēnît*": "definite article + ordinal numeral feminine singular - the second",
"*kətôlədōtām*": "preposition + noun feminine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - according to their generations"
},
"variants": {
"*miššəmōtām*": "of their names, from their names",
"*hannôtārîm*": "the remaining ones, those that are left",
"*kətôlədōtām*": "according to their birth order, according to their generations, in order of their birth"
}
}
11 {
"verseID": "Exodus.28.11",
"source": "מַעֲשֵׂ֣ה חָרַשׁ֮ אֶבֶן֒ פִּתּוּחֵ֣י חֹתָ֗ם תְּפַתַּח֙ אֶת־שְׁתֵּ֣י הָאֲבָנִ֔ים עַל־שְׁמֹ֖ת בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל מֻסַבֹּ֛ת מִשְׁבְּצ֥וֹת זָהָ֖ב תַּעֲשֶׂ֥ה אֹתָֽם׃",
"text": "*Maʿăśēh* *ḥāraš* *ʾeben*, *pittûḥê* *ḥōtām* *təpattaḥ* *ʾet*-two *hāʾăbānîm* on-*šəmōt* *bənê* *yiśrāʾēl*; surrounded by *mišbəṣôt* *zāhāb* *taʿăśeh* them.",
"grammar": {
"*maʿăśēh*": "noun masculine singular construct - work of",
"*ḥāraš*": "qal active participle masculine singular construct - engraver of",
"*ʾeben*": "noun feminine singular - stone",
"*pittûḥê*": "noun masculine plural construct - engravings of",
"*ḥōtām*": "noun masculine singular - seal",
"*təpattaḥ*": "piel imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you shall engrave",
"*ʾet-šəttê*": "direct object marker + numeral feminine construct - the two of",
"*hāʾăbānîm*": "definite article + noun feminine plural - the stones",
"*ʿal-šəmōt*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct - on names of",
"*bənê*": "noun masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*musabbōt*": "hophal participle feminine plural - surrounded by",
"*mišbəṣôt*": "noun feminine plural construct - settings of",
"*zāhāb*": "noun masculine singular - gold",
"*taʿăśeh*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you shall make",
"*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them"
},
"variants": {
"*maʿăśēh ḥāraš ʾeben*": "work of a stone engraver, craftsmanship of a gem cutter",
"*pittûḥê ḥōtām*": "seal engravings, signet engravings, seal carvings",
"*musabbōt*": "surrounded by, encircled with",
"*mišbəṣôt*": "settings, filigree settings, bezels"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "Exodus.28.12",
"source": "וְשַׂמְתָּ֞ אֶת־שְׁתֵּ֣י הָאֲבָנִ֗ים עַ֚ל כִּתְפֹ֣ת הָֽאֵפֹ֔ד אַבְנֵ֥י זִכָּרֹ֖ן לִבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְנָשָׂא֩ אַהֲרֹ֨ן אֶת־שְׁמוֹתָ֜ם לִפְנֵ֧י יְהוָ֛ה עַל־שְׁתֵּ֥י כְתֵפָ֖יו לְזִכָּרֹֽן׃ ס",
"text": "And *śamtā* *ʾet*-two *hāʾăbānîm* on *kitpōt* *hāʾēpōd*, *ʾabnê* *zikkārōn* for *bənê* *yiśrāʾēl*. And *nāśāʾ* *ʾahărōn* *ʾet*-*šəmôtām* before *YHWH* on-two *kətēpāyw* for *zikkārōn*.",
"grammar": {
"*wəśamtā*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you shall put",
"*ʾet-šəttê*": "direct object marker + numeral feminine construct - the two of",
"*hāʾăbānîm*": "definite article + noun feminine plural - the stones",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - on",
"*kitpōt*": "noun feminine plural construct - shoulder pieces of",
"*hāʾēpōd*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the ephod",
"*ʾabnê*": "noun feminine plural construct - stones of",
"*zikkārōn*": "noun masculine singular - memorial, remembrance",
"*libnê*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct - for sons of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*wənāśāʾ*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and shall bear",
"*ʾahărōn*": "proper noun - Aaron",
"*ʾet-šəmôtām*": "direct object marker + noun masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their names",
"*lipnê*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct - before",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD",
"*ʿal-šəttê*": "preposition + numeral feminine construct - on two of",
"*kətēpāyw*": "noun feminine dual construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his shoulders",
"*ləzikkārōn*": "preposition + noun masculine singular - for remembrance"
},
"variants": {
"*kitpōt*": "shoulder pieces, shoulder straps",
"*ʾabnê zikkārōn*": "stones of memorial, memorial stones, remembrance stones",
"*nāśāʾ*": "bear, carry, lift",
"*ləzikkārōn*": "for remembrance, for memorial, as a reminder"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "Exodus.28.13",
"source": "וְעָשִׂ֥יתָ מִשְׁבְּצֹ֖ת זָהָֽב׃",
"text": "And *wəʿāśîtā* *mišbəṣōt* *zāhāb*.",
"grammar": {
"*wəʿāśîtā*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you shall make",
"*mišbəṣōt*": "noun feminine plural construct - settings of",
"*zāhāb*": "noun masculine singular - gold"
},
"variants": {
"*mišbəṣōt zāhāb*": "gold settings, filigree settings of gold, gold bezels"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "Exodus.28.14",
"source": "וּשְׁתֵּ֤י שַׁרְשְׁרֹת֙ זָהָ֣ב טָה֔וֹר מִגְבָּלֹ֛ת תַּעֲשֶׂ֥ה אֹתָ֖ם מַעֲשֵׂ֣ה עֲבֹ֑ת וְנָתַתָּ֛ה אֶת־שַׁרְשְׁרֹ֥ת הָעֲבֹתֹ֖ת עַל־הַֽמִּשְׁבְּצֹֽת׃ ס",
"text": "And two *šaršərōt* *zāhāb* *ṭāhôr*, *migbālōt* *taʿăśeh* them *maʿăśēh* *ʿăbōt*; and *nātattāh* *ʾet*-*šaršərōt* *hāʿăbōtōt* on-*hammišbəṣōt*.",
"grammar": {
"*ûšəttê*": "conjunction + numeral feminine construct - and two of",
"*šaršərōt*": "noun feminine plural construct - chains of",
"*zāhāb*": "noun masculine singular - gold",
"*ṭāhôr*": "adjective masculine singular - pure",
"*migbālōt*": "noun feminine plural - twisted",
"*taʿăśeh*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you shall make",
"*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them",
"*maʿăśēh*": "noun masculine singular construct - work of",
"*ʿăbōt*": "noun feminine plural - cords, braided work",
"*wənātattāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you shall put",
"*ʾet-šaršərōt*": "direct object marker + noun feminine plural construct - the chains of",
"*hāʿăbōtōt*": "definite article + noun feminine plural - the cords, braided chains",
"*ʿal-hammišbəṣōt*": "preposition + definite article + noun feminine plural - on the settings"
},
"variants": {
"*šaršərōt*": "chains, small chains",
"*ṭāhôr*": "pure, refined",
"*migbālōt*": "twisted, braided, of wreathen work",
"*maʿăśēh ʿăbōt*": "work of cords, braided work, corded work",
"*hāʿăbōtōt*": "the corded, the braided, the twisted chains"
}
}
15 {
"verseID": "Exodus.28.15",
"source": "וְעָשִׂ֜יתָ חֹ֤שֶׁן מִשְׁפָּט֙ מַעֲשֵׂ֣ה חֹשֵׁ֔ב כְּמַעֲשֵׂ֥ה אֵפֹ֖ד תַּעֲשֶׂ֑נּוּ זָ֠הָב תְּכֵ֨לֶת וְאַרְגָּמָ֜ן וְתוֹלַ֧עַת שָׁנִ֛י וְשֵׁ֥שׁ מָשְׁזָ֖ר תַּעֲשֶׂ֥ה אֹתֽוֹ׃",
"text": "And *wəʿāśîtā* *ḥōšen* *mišpāṭ* *maʿăśēh* *ḥōšēb*, like *kəmaʿăśēh* *ʾēpōd* *taʿăśennû*: *zāhāb*, *təkēlet* and *ʾargāmān* and *tôlaʿat* *šānî* and *šēš* *mošzār* *taʿăśeh* it.",
"grammar": {
"*wəʿāśîtā*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you shall make",
"*ḥōšen*": "noun masculine singular construct - breastpiece of",
"*mišpāṭ*": "noun masculine singular - judgment",
"*maʿăśēh*": "noun masculine singular construct - work of",
"*ḥōšēb*": "qal active participle masculine singular - skillful workman",
"*kəmaʿăśēh*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - like work of",
"*ʾēpōd*": "noun masculine singular - ephod",
"*taʿăśennû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - you shall make it",
"*zāhāb*": "noun masculine singular - gold",
"*təkēlet*": "noun feminine singular - blue",
"*wəʾargāmān*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and purple",
"*wətôlaʿat*": "conjunction + noun feminine singular construct - and worm of",
"*šānî*": "noun masculine singular - scarlet",
"*wəšēš*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and fine linen",
"*mošzār*": "hophal participle masculine singular - twisted",
"*taʿăśeh*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you shall make",
"*ʾōtô*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - it"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥōšen mišpāṭ*": "breastpiece of judgment, breastplate of decision, pouch of justice",
"*maʿăśēh ḥōšēb*": "skillful work, designer's work, artistic work",
"*kəmaʿăśēh ʾēpōd*": "like the work of the ephod, in the same style as the ephod"
}
}
16 {
"verseID": "Exodus.28.16",
"source": "רָב֥וּעַ יִֽהְיֶ֖ה כָּפ֑וּל זֶ֥רֶת אָרְכּ֖וֹ וְזֶ֥רֶת רָחְבּֽוֹ׃",
"text": "*Rābûaʿ* *yihyeh* *kāpûl*: *zeret* *ʾorkô* and *zeret* *roḥbô*.",
"grammar": {
"*rābûaʿ*": "adjective masculine singular - square, four-sided",
"*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it shall be",
"*kāpûl*": "qal passive participle masculine singular - doubled, folded",
"*zeret*": "noun feminine singular - span",
"*ʾorkô*": "noun masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its length",
"*wəzeret*": "conjunction + noun feminine singular - and span",
"*roḥbô*": "noun masculine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its width"
},
"variants": {
"*rābûaʿ*": "square, four-sided, rectangular",
"*kāpûl*": "doubled, folded, doubled over",
"*zeret*": "span (measurement, about 9 inches, distance between outstretched thumb and little finger)"
}
}
17 {
"verseID": "Exodus.28.17",
"source": "וּמִלֵּאתָ֥ בוֹ֙ מִלֻּ֣אַת אֶ֔בֶן אַרְבָּעָ֖ה טוּרִ֣ים אָ֑בֶן ט֗וּר אֹ֤דֶם פִּטְדָה֙ וּבָרֶ֔קֶת הַטּ֖וּר הָאֶחָֽד׃",
"text": "And *millēʾtā* in it *milluʾat* *ʾeben*, four *ṭûrîm* *ʾāben*: *ṭûr* *ʾōdem*, *piṭdāh* and *bāreqet*, *haṭṭûr* *hāʾeḥād*.",
"grammar": {
"*ûmillēʾtā*": "conjunction + piel perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you shall fill",
"*bô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in it",
"*milluʾat*": "noun feminine singular construct - setting of",
"*ʾeben*": "noun feminine singular - stone",
"*ʾarbāʿāh*": "numeral masculine - four",
"*ṭûrîm*": "noun masculine plural construct - rows of",
"*ʾāben*": "noun feminine singular - stone",
"*ṭûr*": "noun masculine singular - row",
"*ʾōdem*": "noun masculine singular - ruby, carnelian",
"*piṭdāh*": "noun feminine singular - topaz",
"*ûbāreqet*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and emerald",
"*haṭṭûr*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the row",
"*hāʾeḥād*": "definite article + numeral masculine singular - the first"
},
"variants": {
"*milluʾat ʾeben*": "settings of stone, stone settings, mounted stones",
"*ʾōdem*": "ruby, carnelian, sardius",
"*piṭdāh*": "topaz, chrysolite, peridot",
"*bāreqet*": "emerald, beryl, carbuncle"
}
}
18 {
"verseID": "Exodus.28.18",
"source": "וְהַטּ֖וּר הַשֵּׁנִ֑י נֹ֥פֶךְ סַפִּ֖יר וְיָהֲלֹֽם׃",
"text": "And the *ṭûr* the *šēnî*: *nōp̄eḵ*, *sappîr* and *yahălōm*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-*": "conjunction - and/but",
"*ha-ṭûr*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the row/line",
"*ha-šēnî*": "definite article + ordinal number, masculine singular - the second",
"*nōp̄eḵ*": "masculine singular noun - precious stone, possibly emerald/turquoise",
"*sappîr*": "masculine singular noun - sapphire/lapis lazuli",
"*wə-yahălōm*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and diamond/jasper"
},
"variants": {
"*nōp̄eḵ*": "emerald/turquoise/carbuncle",
"*sappîr*": "sapphire/lapis lazuli/blue stone",
"*yahălōm*": "diamond/jasper/onyx"
}
}
19 {
"verseID": "Exodus.28.19",
"source": "וְהַטּ֖וּר הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֑י לֶ֥שֶׁם שְׁב֖וֹ וְאַחְלָֽמָה׃",
"text": "And the *ṭûr* the *šəlîšî*: *lešem*, *šəḇô* and *ʾaḥlāmâ*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-*": "conjunction - and/but",
"*ha-ṭûr*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the row/line",
"*ha-šəlîšî*": "definite article + ordinal number, masculine singular - the third",
"*lešem*": "masculine singular noun - precious stone, possibly jacinth/ligure",
"*šəḇô*": "masculine singular noun - precious stone, possibly agate",
"*wə-ʾaḥlāmâ*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun - and amethyst/purple gem"
},
"variants": {
"*lešem*": "jacinth/ligure/opal",
"*šəḇô*": "agate/chrysoprase",
"*ʾaḥlāmâ*": "amethyst/purple quartz"
}
}
20 {
"verseID": "Exodus.28.20",
"source": "וְהַטּוּר֙ הָרְבִיעִ֔י תַּרְשִׁ֥ישׁ וְשֹׁ֖הַם וְיָשְׁפֵ֑ה מְשֻׁבָּצִ֥ים זָהָ֛ב יִהְי֖וּ בְּמִלּוּאֹתָֽם׃",
"text": "And the *ṭûr* the *rəḇîʿî*: *taršîš* and *šōham* and *yāšpēh*; *məšubbāṣîm* *zāhāḇ* they shall *yihyû* in their *millûʾōṯām*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-*": "conjunction - and/but",
"*ha-ṭûr*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the row/line",
"*hā-rəḇîʿî*": "definite article + ordinal number, masculine singular - the fourth",
"*taršîš*": "masculine singular noun - precious stone, possibly chrysolite/beryl",
"*wə-šōham*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and onyx/beryl",
"*wə-yāšpēh*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun - and jasper",
"*məšubbāṣîm*": "Pual participle, masculine plural - set/embedded/enclosed",
"*zāhāḇ*": "masculine singular noun - gold",
"*yihyû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they shall be",
"*bə-millûʾōṯām*": "preposition + feminine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in their settings/fillings"
},
"variants": {
"*taršîš*": "chrysolite/beryl/yellow jasper",
"*šōham*": "onyx/beryl",
"*yāšpēh*": "jasper/cat's eye",
"*məšubbāṣîm*": "set/embedded/enclosed in settings",
"*millûʾōṯām*": "settings/fillings/mountings"
}
}
21 {
"verseID": "Exodus.28.21",
"source": "וְ֠הָאֲבָנִים תִּֽהְיֶ֜יןָ עַל־שְׁמֹ֧ת בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל שְׁתֵּ֥ים עֶשְׂרֵ֖ה עַל־שְׁמֹתָ֑ם פִּתּוּחֵ֤י חוֹתָם֙ אִ֣ישׁ עַל־שְׁמ֔וֹ תִּֽהְיֶ֕יןָ לִשְׁנֵ֥י עָשָׂ֖ר שָֽׁבֶט׃",
"text": "And the *ʾăḇānîm* *tihyeynā* upon the *šəmōṯ* of *bənê-yiśrāʾēl*, *šətêm ʿeśrēh* upon their *šəmōṯām*; *pittûḥê ḥôṯām*, *ʾîš* upon his *šəmô*, *tihyeynā* for *šənê ʿāśār šāḇeṭ*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-*": "conjunction - and/but",
"*hā-ʾăḇānîm*": "definite article + feminine plural noun - the stones",
"*tihyeynā*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine plural - they shall be",
"*ʿal-šəmōṯ*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - upon names of",
"*bənê-yiśrāʾēl*": "masculine plural construct + proper name - sons of Israel",
"*šətêm ʿeśrēh*": "feminine numeral - twelve",
"*ʿal-šəmōṯām*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - upon their names",
"*pittûḥê*": "masculine plural construct - engravings of",
"*ḥôṯām*": "masculine singular noun - seal/signet",
"*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man/each one",
"*ʿal-šəmô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - upon his name",
"*lišnê*": "preposition + numeral construct - for two of/twelve",
"*ʿāśār*": "numeral - ten",
"*šāḇeṭ*": "masculine singular noun - tribe"
},
"variants": {
"*pittûḥê ḥôṯām*": "engravings of a seal/signet ring engravings",
"*ʾîš*": "man/each one/individually",
"*šəmô*": "his name/its name",
"*šənê ʿāśār šāḇeṭ*": "twelve tribes/twelve rods"
}
}
22 {
"verseID": "Exodus.28.22",
"source": "וְעָשִׂ֧יתָ עַל־הַחֹ֛שֶׁן שַֽׁרְשֹׁ֥ת גַּבְלֻ֖ת מַעֲשֵׂ֣ה עֲבֹ֑ת זָהָ֖ב טָהֽוֹר׃",
"text": "And you shall *ʿāśîṯā* upon the *ḥōšen* *šaršōṯ* *gaḇluṯ* *maʿăśēh* *ʿăḇōṯ* of *zāhāḇ* *ṭāhôr*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-*": "conjunction - and/but",
"*ʿāśîṯā*": "Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you shall make",
"*ʿal-ha-ḥōšen*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - upon the breastpiece",
"*šaršōṯ*": "feminine plural noun - chains",
"*gaḇluṯ*": "feminine singular noun - twisted/braided/border work",
"*maʿăśēh*": "masculine singular construct - work of",
"*ʿăḇōṯ*": "feminine plural noun - braided/twisted cords",
"*zāhāḇ*": "masculine singular noun - gold",
"*ṭāhôr*": "masculine singular adjective - pure"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥōšen*": "breastpiece/pouch/ornament",
"*šaršōṯ*": "chains/cords",
"*gaḇluṯ*": "twisted/braided/border work",
"*maʿăśēh ʿăḇōṯ*": "twisted work/rope work/braided work"
}
}
23 {
"verseID": "Exodus.28.23",
"source": "וְעָשִׂ֙יתָ֙ עַל־הַחֹ֔שֶׁן שְׁתֵּ֖י טַבְּע֣וֹת זָהָ֑ב וְנָתַתָּ֗ אֶת־שְׁתֵּי֙ הַטַּבָּע֔וֹת עַל־שְׁנֵ֖י קְצ֥וֹת הַחֹֽשֶׁן׃",
"text": "And you shall *ʿāśîṯā* upon the *ḥōšen* *šətê* *ṭabbəʿôṯ* of *zāhāḇ*; and you shall *nāṯattā* *ʾeṯ*-*šətê* the *ṭabbāʿôṯ* upon *šənê* *qəṣôṯ* of the *ḥōšen*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-*": "conjunction - and/but",
"*ʿāśîṯā*": "Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you shall make",
"*ʿal-ha-ḥōšen*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - upon the breastpiece",
"*šətê*": "feminine dual construct - two of",
"*ṭabbəʿôṯ*": "feminine plural noun - rings",
"*zāhāḇ*": "masculine singular noun - gold",
"*wə-nāṯattā*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you shall put/place",
"*ʾeṯ-šətê*": "direct object marker + feminine dual construct - the two of",
"*ha-ṭabbāʿôṯ*": "definite article + feminine plural noun - the rings",
"*ʿal-šənê*": "preposition + masculine dual construct - upon two of",
"*qəṣôṯ*": "masculine plural construct - ends/edges of",
"*ha-ḥōšen*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the breastpiece"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥōšen*": "breastpiece/pouch/ornament",
"*qəṣôṯ*": "ends/edges/extremities"
}
}
24 {
"verseID": "Exodus.28.24",
"source": "וְנָתַתָּ֗ה אֶת־שְׁתֵּי֙ עֲבֹתֹ֣ת הַזָּהָ֔ב עַל־שְׁתֵּ֖י הַטַּבָּעֹ֑ת אֶל־קְצ֖וֹת הַחֹֽשֶׁן׃",
"text": "And you shall *nāṯattāh* *ʾeṯ*-*šətê* *ʿăḇōṯōṯ* *ha-zāhāḇ* upon *šətê* *ha-ṭabbāʿōṯ* to *qəṣôṯ* *ha-ḥōšen*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-nāṯattāh*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you shall put/place",
"*ʾeṯ-šətê*": "direct object marker + feminine dual construct - the two of",
"*ʿăḇōṯōṯ*": "feminine plural construct - braided cords of",
"*ha-zāhāḇ*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the gold",
"*ʿal-šətê*": "preposition + feminine dual construct - upon two of",
"*ha-ṭabbāʿōṯ*": "definite article + feminine plural noun - the rings",
"*ʾel-qəṣôṯ*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - at the ends of",
"*ha-ḥōšen*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the breastpiece"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿăḇōṯōṯ*": "braided cords/chains/twisted work",
"*qəṣôṯ*": "ends/edges/extremities",
"*ḥōšen*": "breastpiece/pouch/ornament"
}
}
25 {
"verseID": "Exodus.28.25",
"source": "וְאֵ֨ת שְׁתֵּ֤י קְצוֹת֙ שְׁתֵּ֣י הָעֲבֹתֹ֔ת תִּתֵּ֖ן עַל־שְׁתֵּ֣י הַֽמִּשְׁבְּצ֑וֹת וְנָתַתָּ֛ה עַל־כִּתְפ֥וֹת הָאֵפֹ֖ד אֶל־מ֥וּל פָּנָֽיו׃",
"text": "And *ʾēṯ* *šətê* *qəṣôṯ* *šətê* *hā-ʿăḇōṯōṯ* you shall *tittēn* upon *šətê* *ha-mišbəṣôṯ*; and you shall *nāṯattāh* upon *kiṯpôṯ* *hā-ʾēpōd* toward *mûl* *pānāyw*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-ʾēṯ*": "conjunction + direct object marker",
"*šətê*": "feminine dual construct - two of",
"*qəṣôṯ*": "masculine plural construct - ends of",
"*šətê*": "feminine dual construct - two of",
"*hā-ʿăḇōṯōṯ*": "definite article + feminine plural noun - the braided cords/chains",
"*tittēn*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you shall put/place",
"*ʿal-šətê*": "preposition + feminine dual construct - upon two of",
"*ha-mišbəṣôṯ*": "definite article + feminine plural noun - the settings/filigree work",
"*wə-nāṯattāh*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you shall put/place",
"*ʿal-kiṯpôṯ*": "preposition + feminine plural construct - upon shoulders of",
"*hā-ʾēpōd*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the ephod",
"*ʾel-mûl*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - toward front of",
"*pānāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its face/front"
},
"variants": {
"*qəṣôṯ*": "ends/extremities/edges",
"*ʿăḇōṯōṯ*": "braided cords/chains/twisted works",
"*mišbəṣôṯ*": "settings/filigree work/bezels",
"*kiṯpôṯ*": "shoulders/sides/shoulder pieces",
"*ʾēpōd*": "ephod/vestment/sacred garment",
"*mûl pānāyw*": "in front of it/at its front/facing it"
}
}
26 {
"verseID": "Exodus.28.26",
"source": "וְעָשִׂ֗יתָ שְׁתֵּי֙ טַבְּע֣וֹת זָהָ֔ב וְשַׂמְתָּ֣ אֹתָ֔ם עַל־שְׁנֵ֖י קְצ֣וֹת הַחֹ֑שֶׁן עַל־שְׂפָת֕וֹ אֲשֶׁ֛ר אֶל־עֵ֥בֶר הָאֵפֹ֖ד בָּֽיְתָה׃",
"text": "And you shall *ʿāśîṯā* *šətê* *ṭabbəʿôṯ* of *zāhāḇ* and you shall *śamtā* *ʾōṯām* upon *šənê* *qəṣôṯ* *ha-ḥōšen* upon *śəp̄āṯô* which *ʾăšer* *ʾel*-*ʿēḇer* *hā-ʾēpōd* *bāyəṯâ*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-ʿāśîṯā*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you shall make",
"*šətê*": "feminine dual construct - two of",
"*ṭabbəʿôṯ*": "feminine plural noun - rings",
"*zāhāḇ*": "masculine singular noun - gold",
"*wə-śamtā*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you shall place/set",
"*ʾōṯām*": "direct object marker + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them",
"*ʿal-šənê*": "preposition + masculine dual construct - upon two of",
"*qəṣôṯ*": "masculine plural construct - ends of",
"*ha-ḥōšen*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the breastpiece",
"*ʿal-śəp̄āṯô*": "preposition + feminine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - upon its edge",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which",
"*ʾel-ʿēḇer*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - toward side of",
"*hā-ʾēpōd*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the ephod",
"*bāyəṯâ*": "masculine singular noun + directional he - inward/inside"
},
"variants": {
"*qəṣôṯ*": "ends/edges/extremities",
"*ḥōšen*": "breastpiece/pouch/ornament",
"*śəp̄āṯô*": "its edge/its border/its lip",
"*ʿēḇer*": "side/crossing/direction",
"*bāyəṯâ*": "inward/inside/toward the inside"
}
}
27 {
"verseID": "Exodus.28.27",
"source": "וְעָשִׂיתָ֮ שְׁתֵּ֣י טַבְּע֣וֹת זָהָב֒ וְנָתַתָּ֣ה אֹתָ֡ם עַל־שְׁתֵּי֩ כִתְפ֨וֹת הָאֵפ֤וֹד מִלְּמַ֙טָּה֙ מִמּ֣וּל פָּנָ֔יו לְעֻמַּ֖ת מֶחְבַּרְתּ֑וֹ מִמַּ֕עַל לְחֵ֖שֶׁב הָאֵפֽוֹד׃",
"text": "And you shall *ʿāśîṯā* *šətê* *ṭabbəʿôṯ* of *zāhāḇ* and you shall *nāṯattāh* *ʾōṯām* upon *šətê* *ḵiṯpôṯ* *hā-ʾēpôd* from *millǝmaṭṭāh* from *mimmûl* *pānāyw*, *lǝʿummaṯ* *meḥbartô*, from *mimmaʿal* to *ḥēšeḇ* *hā-ʾēpōd*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-ʿāśîṯā*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you shall make",
"*šətê*": "feminine dual construct - two of",
"*ṭabbəʿôṯ*": "feminine plural noun - rings",
"*zāhāḇ*": "masculine singular noun - gold",
"*wə-nāṯattāh*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you shall put/place",
"*ʾōṯām*": "direct object marker + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them",
"*ʿal-šətê*": "preposition + feminine dual construct - upon two of",
"*ḵiṯpôṯ*": "feminine plural construct - shoulders of",
"*hā-ʾēpôd*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the ephod",
"*millǝmaṭṭāh*": "preposition + preposition + feminine singular noun - from below",
"*mimmûl*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - from front of",
"*pānāyw*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its face/front",
"*lǝʿummaṯ*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - adjacent to/matching",
"*meḥbartô*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its joining place",
"*mimmaʿal*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - from above",
"*lǝ-ḥēšeḇ*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - to band of",
"*hā-ʾēpōd*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the ephod"
},
"variants": {
"*ḵiṯpôṯ*": "shoulders/shoulder pieces/sides",
"*millǝmaṭṭāh*": "from below/underneath/downward",
"*mimmûl pānāyw*": "from its front/facing it/opposite it",
"*lǝʿummaṯ*": "adjacent to/corresponding to/matching",
"*meḥbartô*": "its joining place/its seam/its connection",
"*ḥēšeḇ*": "band/skillfully woven band/embroidered belt"
}
}
28 {
"verseID": "Exodus.28.28",
"source": "וְיִרְכְּס֣וּ אֶת־הַ֠חֹשֶׁן *מטבעתו **מִֽטַּבְּעֹתָ֞יו אֶל־טַבְּעֹ֤ת הָאֵפֹד֙ בִּפְתִ֣יל תְּכֵ֔לֶת לִֽהְי֖וֹת עַל־חֵ֣שֶׁב הָאֵפ֑וֹד וְלֹֽא־יִזַּ֣ח הַחֹ֔שֶׁן מֵעַ֖ל הָאֵפֽוֹד׃",
"text": "And they shall *yirkkəsû* *ʾeṯ*-*ha-ḥōšen* from *miṭṭabəʿōṯāyw* to *ṭabbəʿōṯ* *hā-ʾēpōd* with *pəṯîl* *təḵēleṯ* to *lihyôṯ* upon *ḥēšeḇ* *hā-ʾēpōd*, and not *yizzaḥ* *ha-ḥōšen* from upon *hā-ʾēpōd*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-yirkkəsû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they shall bind/fasten",
"*ʾeṯ-ha-ḥōšen*": "direct object marker + definite article + masculine singular noun - the breastpiece",
"*miṭṭabəʿōṯāyw*": "preposition + feminine plural noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - from its rings",
"*ʾel-ṭabbəʿōṯ*": "preposition + feminine plural construct - to rings of",
"*hā-ʾēpōd*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the ephod",
"*bi-pəṯîl*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - with cord of",
"*təḵēleṯ*": "feminine singular noun - blue/blue-purple",
"*li-hyôṯ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to be",
"*ʿal-ḥēšeḇ*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - upon band of",
"*hā-ʾēpōd*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the ephod",
"*wə-lōʾ-yizzaḥ*": "conjunction + negative particle + Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and not be detached",
"*ha-ḥōšen*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the breastpiece",
"*mē-ʿal*": "preposition + preposition - from upon",
"*hā-ʾēpōd*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the ephod"
},
"variants": {
"*yirkkəsû*": "bind/fasten/attach",
"*ḥōšen*": "breastpiece/pouch/ornament",
"*pəṯîl*": "cord/thread/string",
"*təḵēleṯ*": "blue/blue-purple/violet",
"*ḥēšeḇ*": "band/skillfully woven band/embroidered belt",
"*yizzaḥ*": "be detached/be loosed/be separated"
}
}
29 {
"verseID": "Exodus.28.29",
"source": "וְנָשָׂ֣א אַ֠הֲרֹן אֶת־שְׁמ֨וֹת בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל בְּחֹ֧שֶׁן הַמִּשְׁפָּ֛ט עַל־לִבּ֖וֹ בְּבֹא֣וֹ אֶל־הַקֹּ֑דֶשׁ לְזִכָּרֹ֥ן לִפְנֵֽי־יְהוָ֖ה תָּמִֽיד׃",
"text": "And *nāśāʾ* *ʾahărōn* *ʾeṯ*-*šəmôṯ* *bənê*-*yiśrāʾēl* in *ḥōšen* *ha-mišpāṭ* upon *libbô* in *ḇōʾô* to *ha-qōdeš*, for *zikkārōn* before *YHWH* *tāmîd*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-nāśāʾ*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and shall bear/carry",
"*ʾahărōn*": "proper noun - Aaron",
"*ʾeṯ-šəmôṯ*": "direct object marker + masculine plural construct - names of",
"*bənê-yiśrāʾēl*": "masculine plural construct + proper noun - sons of Israel",
"*bə-ḥōšen*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - in breastpiece of",
"*ha-mišpāṭ*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the judgment",
"*ʿal-libbô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - upon his heart",
"*bə-ḇōʾô*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his entering",
"*ʾel-ha-qōdeš*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - to the holy place",
"*lə-zikkārōn*": "preposition + masculine singular noun - for memorial/remembrance",
"*li-p̄nê-YHWH*": "preposition + masculine plural construct + divine name - before YHWH",
"*tāmîd*": "masculine singular adverb - continually/always"
},
"variants": {
"*nāśāʾ*": "bear/carry/lift",
"*ḥōšen ha-mišpāṭ*": "breastpiece of judgment/breastpiece for decision-making",
"*zikkārōn*": "memorial/remembrance/reminder",
"*tāmîd*": "continually/always/regularly"
}
}
30 {
"verseID": "Exodus.28.30",
"source": "וְנָתַתָּ֞ אֶל־חֹ֣שֶׁן הַמִּשְׁפָּ֗ט אֶת־הָאוּרִים֙ וְאֶת־הַתֻּמִּ֔ים וְהָיוּ֙ עַל־לֵ֣ב אַהֲרֹ֔ן בְּבֹא֖וֹ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וְנָשָׂ֣א אַ֠הֲרֹן אֶת־מִשְׁפַּ֨ט בְּנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֧ל עַל־לִבּ֛וֹ לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה תָּמִֽיד׃",
"text": "And you shall *nāṯattā* into *ḥōšen* *ha-mišpāṭ* *ʾeṯ*-*hā-ʾûrîm* and *ʾeṯ*-*ha-tummîm*, and they shall *hāyû* upon *lēḇ* *ʾahărōn* in *ḇōʾô* before *YHWH*; and *nāśāʾ* *ʾahărōn* *ʾeṯ*-*mišpaṭ* *bənê*-*yiśrāʾēl* upon *libbô* before *YHWH* *tāmîd*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-nāṯattā*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - and you shall put/place",
"*ʾel-ḥōšen*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - into breastpiece of",
"*ha-mišpāṭ*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the judgment",
"*ʾeṯ-hā-ʾûrîm*": "direct object marker + definite article + masculine plural noun - the Urim",
"*wə-ʾeṯ-ha-tummîm*": "conjunction + direct object marker + definite article + masculine plural noun - and the Thummim",
"*wə-hāyû*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they shall be",
"*ʿal-lēḇ*": "preposition + masculine singular construct - upon heart of",
"*ʾahărōn*": "proper noun - Aaron",
"*bə-ḇōʾô*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his entering",
"*li-p̄nê*": "preposition + masculine plural construct - before",
"*YHWH*": "divine name - YHWH",
"*wə-nāśāʾ*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and shall bear/carry",
"*ʾahărōn*": "proper noun - Aaron",
"*ʾeṯ-mišpaṭ*": "direct object marker + masculine singular construct - judgment of",
"*bənê-yiśrāʾēl*": "masculine plural construct + proper noun - sons of Israel",
"*ʿal-libbô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - upon his heart",
"*li-p̄nê-YHWH*": "preposition + masculine plural construct + divine name - before YHWH",
"*tāmîd*": "masculine singular adverb - continually/always"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥōšen ha-mišpāṭ*": "breastpiece of judgment/breastpiece for decision-making",
"*hā-ʾûrîm wə-ha-tummîm*": "the Urim and Thummim/lights and perfections/revelation and truth",
"*mišpaṭ*": "judgment/decision/right",
"*tāmîd*": "continually/always/regularly"
}
}