18{
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.18",
"source": "וָאֹמַ֤ר אֶל־בְּנֵיהֶם֙ בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר בְּחוּקֵּ֤י אֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶם֙ אַל־תֵּלֵ֔כוּ וְאֶת־מִשְׁפְּטֵיהֶ֖ם אַל־תִּשְׁמֹ֑רוּ וּבְגִלּוּלֵיהֶ֖ם אַל־תִּטַּמָּֽאוּ",
"text": "And *ʾōmar* to their *bənêhem* in the *midbar*, in the *ḥûqqê* of your *ʾăbôtêkem* not *tēlēkû*, and their *mišpəṭêhem* not *tišmōrû*, and with their *gillûlêhem* not *tiṭṭammāʾû*",
"grammar": {
"*wā-*": "conjunction, consecutive - and, so",
"*ʾōmar*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I said",
"*ʾel-bənêhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to their children/sons",
"*ba-midbar*": "preposition with definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the wilderness",
"*bə-ḥûqqê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - in the statutes of",
"*ʾăbôtêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your fathers",
"*ʾal*": "negative particle (for commands) - do not",
"*tēlēkû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you shall walk",
"*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker",
"*mišpəṭêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their judgments",
"*ʾal*": "negative particle (for commands) - do not",
"*tišmōrû*": "Qal imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you shall keep/observe",
"*û-bə-gillûlêhem*": "conjunction + preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and with their idols",
"*ʾal*": "negative particle (for commands) - do not",
"*tiṭṭammāʾû*": "Hitpael imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - you shall defile yourselves"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥûqqê*": "statutes, decrees, prescribed laws",
"*tēlēkû*": "walk, follow, live according to",
"*mišpəṭêhem*": "their judgments, ordinances, legal decisions",
"*tišmōrû*": "keep, observe, guard",
"*gillûlêhem*": "their idols, their dung-gods (derogatory term)",
"*tiṭṭammāʾû*": "defile yourselves, make yourselves unclean"
}
}
19{
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.19",
"source": "אֲנִי֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֔ם בְּחֻקּוֹתַ֖י לֵ֑כוּ וְאֶת־מִשְׁפָּטַ֥י שִׁמְר֖וּ וַעֲשׂ֥וּ אוֹתָֽם",
"text": "*ʾănî* *YHWH* your *ʾĕlōhêkem*, in my *ḥuqqôtay* *lēkû* and my *mišpāṭay* *šimrû* and *ʿăśû* them",
"grammar": {
"*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I",
"*YHWH*": "divine name",
"*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God",
"*bə-ḥuqqôtay*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - in my statutes",
"*lēkû*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - walk!",
"*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker",
"*mišpāṭay*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my judgments",
"*šimrû*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - keep/observe!",
"*wa-ʿăśû*": "conjunction + Qal imperative masculine plural - and do!",
"*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them"
},
"variants": {
"*YHWH*": "Yahweh, the LORD (divine name)",
"*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "your God, your deity",
"*ḥuqqôtay*": "my statutes, my decrees, my prescribed laws",
"*lēkû*": "walk, follow, live according to",
"*mišpāṭay*": "my judgments, ordinances, legal decisions",
"*šimrû*": "keep, observe, guard",
"*ʿăśû*": "do, perform, fulfill"
}
}
20{
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.20",
"source": "וְאֶת־שַׁבְּתוֹתַ֖י קַדֵּ֑שׁוּ וְהָי֤וּ לְאוֹת֙ בֵּינִ֣י וּבֵֽינֵיכֶ֔ם לָדַ֕עַת כִּ֛י אֲנִ֥י יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם",
"text": "And my *šabbətôtay* *qaddēšû* and *hāyû* for *ʾôt* between me and between you, *lādaʿat* that *ʾănî* *YHWH* your *ʾĕlōhêkem*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker",
"*šabbətôtay*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my sabbaths",
"*qaddēšû*": "Piel imperative masculine plural - sanctify!, make holy!",
"*wə-hāyû*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person common plural (with waw consecutive meaning) - and they shall be",
"*lə-ʾôt*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - for a sign",
"*bênî*": "preposition, construct with 1st person singular suffix - between me",
"*û-bênêkem*": "conjunction + preposition, construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - and between you",
"*lādaʿat*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to know",
"*kî*": "conjunction - that",
"*ʾănî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I",
"*YHWH*": "divine name",
"*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your God"
},
"variants": {
"*šabbətôtay*": "my sabbaths, my rest days",
"*qaddēšû*": "sanctify, consecrate, treat as holy",
"*ʾôt*": "sign, token, marker",
"*lādaʿat*": "to know, to recognize, to acknowledge",
"*YHWH*": "Yahweh, the LORD (divine name)",
"*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "your God, your deity"
}
}
21{
"verseID": "Ezekiel.20.21",
"source": "וַיַּמְרוּ־בִ֣י הַבָּנִ֗ים בְּחֻקּוֹתַ֣י לֹֽא־הָ֠לָכוּ וְאֶת־מִשְׁפָּטַ֨י לֹא־שָׁמְר֜וּ לַעֲשׂ֣וֹת אוֹתָ֗ם אֲשֶׁר֩ יַעֲשֶׂ֨ה אוֹתָ֤ם הָֽאָדָם֙ וָחַ֣י בָּהֶ֔ם אֶת־שַׁבְּתוֹתַ֖י חִלֵּ֑לוּ וָאֹמַ֞ר לִשְׁפֹּ֧ךְ חֲמָתִ֣י עֲלֵיהֶ֗ם לְכַלּ֥וֹת אַפִּ֛י בָּ֖ם בַּמִּדְבָּֽר",
"text": "And *yamrû* against me the *bānîm*, in my *ḥuqqôtay* not *hālākû* and my *mišpāṭay* not *šāmərû* *laʿăśôt* them, which *yaʿăśeh* them the *ʾādām* and *ḥay* in them, my *šabbətôtay* they *ḥillēlû*; and *ʾōmar* *lišpōk* my *ḥămātî* upon them, to *kallôt* my *ʾappî* against them in the *midbar*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yamrû*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - and they rebelled",
"*bî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - against me",
"*ha-bānîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the sons/children",
"*bə-ḥuqqôtay*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - in my statutes",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*hālākû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they walked",
"*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker",
"*mišpāṭay*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my judgments",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*šāmərû*": "Qal perfect 3rd person common plural - they kept/observed",
"*laʿăśôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to do",
"*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which",
"*yaʿăśeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he will do",
"*ʾôtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - them",
"*hā-ʾādām*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the man/human",
"*wā-ḥay*": "conjunction + Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he shall live",
"*bāhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - in them",
"*ʾet-šabbətôtay*": "direct object marker + noun, feminine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my sabbaths",
"*ḥillēlû*": "Piel perfect 3rd person common plural - they profaned",
"*wā-ʾōmar*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 1st person singular - and I said",
"*lišpōk*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to pour out",
"*ḥămātî*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my wrath",
"*ʿălêhem*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - upon them",
"*lə-kallôt*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct - to complete/finish",
"*ʾappî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my anger",
"*bām*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - against them",
"*ba-midbar*": "preposition with definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the wilderness"
},
"variants": {
"*yamrû*": "rebelled, defied, disobeyed",
"*bānîm*": "sons, children, descendants",
"*ḥuqqôtay*": "my statutes, my decrees, my prescribed laws",
"*hālākû*": "walked, followed, lived according to",
"*mišpāṭay*": "my judgments, ordinances, legal decisions",
"*šāmərû*": "kept, observed, guarded",
"*laʿăśôt*": "to do, to perform, to fulfill",
"*yaʿăśeh*": "will do, will perform, will fulfill",
"*ḥay*": "live, be alive, have life",
"*šabbətôtay*": "my sabbaths, my rest days",
"*ḥillēlû*": "profaned, desecrated, violated",
"*lišpōk*": "to pour out, to spill",
"*ḥămātî*": "my wrath, my fury, my heat",
"*kallôt*": "to complete, to finish, to end",
"*ʾappî*": "my anger, my nose (idiom for anger)",
"*midbar*": "wilderness, desert, uninhabited land"
}
}