Judg 9:8-9 : 8 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.8",
"source": "הָלוֹךְ הָלְכוּ הָעֵצִים לִמְשֹׁחַ עֲלֵיהֶם מֶלֶךְ וַיֹּאמְרוּ לַזַּיִת מָלְכָה עָלֵינוּ",
"text": "*hālôk* *hāləkû* *hā-ʿēṣîm* *li-mšōaḥ* *ʿălêhem* *melek* *wa-yōʾmərû* *la-zzayit* *molkāh* *ʿālênû*",
"grammar": {
"*hālôk*": "Qal infinitive absolute - going",
"*hāləkû*": "Qal perfect 3cp - they went",
"*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees",
"*li-mšōaḥ*": "preposition with Qal infinitive construct - to anoint",
"*ʿălêhem*": "preposition with 3mp suffix - over themselves",
"*melek*": "noun, masculine singular - king",
"*wa-yōʾmərû*": "Qal imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they said",
"*la-zzayit*": "preposition with article and noun, masculine singular - to the olive tree",
"*molkāh*": "Qal imperative, feminine singular - rule (textual variant)",
"*ʿālênû*": "preposition with 1cp suffix - over us"
},
"variants": {
"*hālôk* *hāləkû*": "emphatic construction: certainly went/surely went",
"*la-zzayit*": "to the olive tree/olive tree",
"*molkāh*": "alternative form of the imperative feminine singular - reign/rule"
}
}
9 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.9",
"source": "וַיֹּאמֶר לָהֶם הַזַּיִת הֶחֳדַלְתִּי אֶת־דִּשְׁנִי אֲשֶׁר־בִּי יְכַבְּדוּ אֱלֹהִים וַאֲנָשִׁים וְהָלַכְתִּי לָנוּעַ עַל־הָעֵצִים",
"text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *lāhem* *ha-zzayit* *heḥodalti* *ʾet*-*dišnî* *ʾăšer*-*bî* *yəkabbədû* *ʾĕlōhîm* *wa-ʾănāšîm* *wə-hālaktî* *lānûaʿ* *ʿal*-*hā-ʿēṣîm*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he said",
"*lāhem*": "preposition with 3mp suffix - to them",
"*ha-zzayit*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the olive tree",
"*heḥodalti*": "Qal perfect 1cs - I have ceased",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*dišnî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1cs possessive suffix - my fatness",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which",
"*bî*": "preposition with 1cs suffix - in me/by me",
"*yəkabbədû*": "Piel imperfect 3mp - they honor",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God",
"*wa-ʾănāšîm*": "conjunction with noun, masculine plural - and men",
"*wə-hālaktî*": "conjunction with Qal perfect 1cs - and I should go",
"*lānûaʿ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to sway/wave",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - over",
"*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees"
},
"variants": {
"*heḥodalti*": "I have ceased/should I cease/would I stop",
"*dišnî*": "my fatness/my oil/my richness",
"*yəkabbədû*": "they honor/glorify/respect"
}
}
10 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.10",
"source": "וַיֹּאמְרוּ הָעֵצִים לַתְּאֵנָה לְכִי־אַתְּ מָלְכִי עָלֵינוּ",
"text": "*wa-yōʾmərû* *hā-ʿēṣîm* *la-ttəʾēnāh* *ləkî*-*ʾatt* *molkî* *ʿālênû*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yōʾmərû*": "Qal imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they said",
"*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees",
"*la-ttəʾēnāh*": "preposition with article and noun, feminine singular - to the fig tree",
"*ləkî*": "Qal imperative, feminine singular - come/go",
"*ʾatt*": "2fs personal pronoun - you",
"*molkî*": "Qal imperative, feminine singular - rule",
"*ʿālênû*": "preposition with 1cp suffix - over us"
},
"variants": {
"*ləkî*-*ʾatt*": "you come/come, you"
}
}
11 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.11",
"source": "וַתֹּאמֶר לָהֶם הַתְּאֵנָה הֶחֳדַלְתִּי אֶת־מָתְקִי וְאֶת־תְּנוּבָתִי הַטּוֹבָה וְהָלַכְתִּי לָנוּעַ עַל־הָעֵצִים",
"text": "*wa-tōʾmer* *lāhem* *ha-ttəʾēnāh* *heḥodalti* *ʾet*-*motqî* *wə-ʾet*-*tənûbātî* *ha-ṭṭôbāh* *wə-hālaktî* *lānûaʿ* *ʿal*-*hā-ʿēṣîm*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-tōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3fs with waw consecutive - and she said",
"*lāhem*": "preposition with 3mp suffix - to them",
"*ha-ttəʾēnāh*": "article with noun, feminine singular - the fig tree",
"*heḥodalti*": "Qal perfect 1cs - I have ceased",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*motqî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1cs possessive suffix - my sweetness",
"*wə-ʾet*": "conjunction with direct object marker - and",
"*tənûbātî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1cs possessive suffix - my fruit",
"*ha-ṭṭôbāh*": "article with adjective, feminine singular - the good",
"*wə-hālaktî*": "conjunction with Qal perfect 1cs - and I should go",
"*lānûaʿ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to sway/wave",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - over",
"*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees"
},
"variants": {
"*heḥodalti*": "I have ceased/should I cease/would I stop",
"*motqî*": "my sweetness/my good taste",
"*tənûbātî*": "my fruit/my produce"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.12",
"source": "וַיֹּאמְרוּ הָעֵצִים לַגָּפֶן לְכִי־אַתְּ מָלְכִי עָלֵינוּ",
"text": "*wa-yōʾmərû* *hā-ʿēṣîm* *la-ggāpen* *ləkî*-*ʾatt* *molkî* *ʿālênû*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yōʾmərû*": "Qal imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they said",
"*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees",
"*la-ggāpen*": "preposition with article and noun, feminine singular - to the vine",
"*ləkî*": "Qal imperative, feminine singular - come/go",
"*ʾatt*": "2fs personal pronoun - you",
"*molkî*": "Qal imperative, feminine singular - rule",
"*ʿālênû*": "preposition with 1cp suffix - over us"
},
"variants": {
"*la-ggāpen*": "to the vine/grapevine"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.13",
"source": "וַתֹּאמֶר לָהֶם הַגֶּפֶן הֶחֳדַלְתִּי אֶת־תִּירוֹשִׁי הַמְשַׂמֵּחַ אֱלֹהִים וַאֲנָשִׁים וְהָלַכְתִּי לָנוּעַ עַל־הָעֵצִים",
"text": "*wa-tōʾmer* *lāhem* *ha-ggepen* *heḥodalti* *ʾet*-*tîrôšî* *ha-məśammēaḥ* *ʾĕlōhîm* *wa-ʾănāšîm* *wə-hālaktî* *lānûaʿ* *ʿal*-*hā-ʿēṣîm*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-tōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3fs with waw consecutive - and she said",
"*lāhem*": "preposition with 3mp suffix - to them",
"*ha-ggepen*": "article with noun, feminine singular - the vine",
"*heḥodalti*": "Qal perfect 1cs - I have ceased",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*tîrôšî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1cs possessive suffix - my new wine",
"*ha-məśammēaḥ*": "article with Piel participle, masculine singular - the gladdening",
"*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God",
"*wa-ʾănāšîm*": "conjunction with noun, masculine plural - and men",
"*wə-hālaktî*": "conjunction with Qal perfect 1cs - and I should go",
"*lānûaʿ*": "Qal infinitive construct - to sway/wave",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - over",
"*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees"
},
"variants": {
"*tîrôšî*": "my new wine/my fresh wine/my juice",
"*ha-məśammēaḥ*": "that cheers/that makes glad/that brings joy to"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.14",
"source": "וַיֹּאמְרוּ כָל־הָעֵצִים אֶל־הָאָטָד לֵךְ אַתָּה מְלָךְ־עָלֵינוּ",
"text": "*wa-yōʾmərû* *kol*-*hā-ʿēṣîm* *ʾel*-*hā-ʾāṭād* *lēk* *ʾattāh* *məlok*-*ʿālênû*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yōʾmərû*": "Qal imperfect 3mp with waw consecutive - and they said",
"*kol*": "construct noun - all of",
"*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to",
"*hā-ʾāṭād*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the bramble/thornbush",
"*lēk*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - come/go",
"*ʾattāh*": "2ms personal pronoun - you",
"*məlok*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - rule",
"*ʿālênû*": "preposition with 1cp suffix - over us"
},
"variants": {
"*hā-ʾāṭād*": "the bramble/thornbush/buckthorn"
}
}
15 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.15",
"source": "וַיֹּאמֶר הָאָטָד אֶל־הָעֵצִים אִם בֶּאֱמֶת אַתֶּם מֹשְׁחִים אֹתִי לְמֶלֶךְ עֲלֵיכֶם בֹּאוּ חֲסוּ בְצִלִּי וְאִם־אַיִן תֵּצֵא אֵשׁ מִן־הָאָטָד וְתֹאכַל אֶת־אַרְזֵי הַלְּבָנוֹן",
"text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *hā-ʾāṭād* *ʾel*-*hā-ʿēṣîm* *ʾim* *be-ʾĕmet* *ʾattem* *mōšḥîm* *ʾōtî* *lə-melek* *ʿălêkem* *bōʾû* *ḥăsû* *bə-ṣillî* *wə-ʾim*-*ʾayin* *tēṣēʾ* *ʾēš* *min*-*hā-ʾāṭād* *wə-tōʾkal* *ʾet*-*ʾarzê* *ha-lləbānôn*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-yōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3ms with waw consecutive - and he said",
"*hā-ʾāṭād*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the bramble/thornbush",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to",
"*hā-ʿēṣîm*": "article with noun, masculine plural - the trees",
"*ʾim*": "conjunction - if",
"*be-ʾĕmet*": "preposition with noun, feminine singular - in truth",
"*ʾattem*": "2mp personal pronoun - you",
"*mōšḥîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - anointing",
"*ʾōtî*": "direct object marker with 1cs suffix - me",
"*lə-melek*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular - as king",
"*ʿălêkem*": "preposition with 2mp suffix - over you",
"*bōʾû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - come",
"*ḥăsû*": "Qal imperative, masculine plural - take refuge",
"*bə-ṣillî*": "preposition with noun, masculine singular with 1cs suffix - in my shadow",
"*wə-ʾim*": "conjunction with conjunction - and if",
"*ʾayin*": "adverb of negation - not",
"*tēṣēʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3fs - let come out",
"*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire",
"*min*": "preposition - from",
"*hā-ʾāṭād*": "article with noun, masculine singular - the bramble/thornbush",
"*wə-tōʾkal*": "conjunction with Qal imperfect 3fs - and let it devour",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ʾarzê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - cedars of",
"*ha-lləbānôn*": "article with proper noun - the Lebanon"
},
"variants": {
"*be-ʾĕmet*": "in truth/truly/sincerely",
"*ḥăsû* *bə-ṣillî*": "take refuge in my shadow/seek protection under me",
"*ʾarzê* *ha-lləbānôn*": "cedars of Lebanon (idiom for mighty trees/powerful entities)"
}
}
16 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.16",
"source": "וְעַתָּ֗ה אִם־בֶּאֱמֶ֤ת וּבְתָמִים֙ עֲשִׂיתֶ֔ם וַתַּמְלִ֖יכוּ אֶת־אֲבִימֶ֑לֶךְ וְאִם־טוֹבָ֤ה עֲשִׂיתֶם֙ עִם־יְרֻבַּ֣עַל וְעִם־בֵּית֔וֹ וְאִם־כִּגְמ֥וּל יָדָ֖יו עֲשִׂ֥יתֶם לֽוֹ׃",
"text": "And *ʿattâ* if in-*ʾemet* and-in-*tāmîm* you-*ʿăśîtem*, and-*tamlikû* *ʾet*-*ʾăbîmelek*, and-if-*ṭôbâ* you-*ʿăśîtem* with-*yĕrubbaʿal* and-with-*bêtô*, and-if-according-to-*gĕmûl* *yādāyw* you-*ʿăśîtem* to-him.",
"grammar": {
"*ʿattâ*": "temporal adverb - now",
"*ʾemet*": "feminine noun, singular - truth",
"*tāmîm*": "masculine noun, singular - completeness/integrity",
"*ʿăśîtem*": "verb, Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you have done/acted",
"*tamlikû*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - you made king/crowned",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun - Abimelech",
"*ṭôbâ*": "feminine adjective, singular - good/goodness",
"*yĕrubbaʿal*": "proper noun - Jerubbaal (Gideon)",
"*bêtô*": "noun with pronominal suffix, 'his house'",
"*gĕmûl*": "masculine noun, singular - dealing/treatment/reward",
"*yādāyw*": "noun, dual with pronominal suffix, 'his hands'"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾemet*": "truth/faithfulness/reliability",
"*tāmîm*": "integrity/completeness/uprightness/innocence",
"*ʿăśîtem*": "you did/acted/performed/made",
"*tamlikû*": "you made king/enthroned/crowned",
"*ṭôbâ*": "good thing/goodness/benefit/welfare",
"*gĕmûl*": "reward/recompense/treatment/dealing"
}
}
17 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.17",
"source": "אֲשֶׁר־נִלְחַ֥ם אָבִ֖י עֲלֵיכֶ֑ם וַיַּשְׁלֵ֤ךְ אֶת־נַפְשׁוֹ֙ מִנֶּ֔גֶד וַיַּצֵּ֥ל אֶתְכֶ֖ם מִיַּ֥ד מִדְיָֽן׃",
"text": "Who *nilḥam* my-father *ʿălêkem*, and-*yaššlēk* *ʾet*-*napšô* from-*negged*, and-*yaṣṣēl* you from-*yad* *midyān*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which/that",
"*nilḥam*": "verb, Niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - fought",
"*ʾābî*": "noun with pronominal suffix, 1st person singular - my father",
"*ʿălêkem*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - for/on behalf of you",
"*yaššlēk*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - cast/threw",
"*napšô*": "noun with pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular - his soul/life",
"*negged*": "preposition - in front/opposite/before",
"*yaṣṣēl*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - delivered/rescued",
"*yad*": "feminine noun, construct state - hand of",
"*midyān*": "proper noun - Midian"
},
"variants": {
"*nilḥam*": "fought/waged war",
"*yaššlēk*": "cast/threw/flung/risked",
"*napšô*": "his soul/his life/himself",
"*negged*": "in front/before/opposite/facing danger",
"*yaṣṣēl*": "delivered/rescued/saved",
"*yad*": "hand/power/control"
}
}
18 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.18",
"source": "וְאַתֶּ֞ם קַמְתֶּ֨ם עַל־בֵּ֤ית אָבִי֙ הַיּ֔וֹם וַתַּהַרְג֧וּ אֶת־בָּנָ֛יו שִׁבְעִ֥ים אִ֖ישׁ עַל־אֶ֣בֶן אֶחָ֑ת וַתַּמְלִ֜יכוּ אֶת־אֲבִימֶ֤לֶךְ בֶּן־אֲמָתוֹ֙ עַל־בַּעֲלֵ֣י שְׁכֶ֔ם כִּ֥י אֲחִיכֶ֖ם הֽוּא׃",
"text": "And-you *qamtem* against-*bêt* my-father *hayyôm*, and-*tahargû* *ʾet*-*bānāyw* seventy *ʾîš* upon-*ʾeben* one, and-*tamlikû* *ʾet*-*ʾăbîmelek* son-of-*ʾămātô* over-*baʿălê* *šekem* because your-brother he.",
"grammar": {
"*qamtem*": "verb, Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - rose/stood up against",
"*bêt*": "noun, construct state - house of",
"*ʾābî*": "noun with pronominal suffix, 1st person singular - my father",
"*hayyôm*": "noun with definite article - the day/today",
"*tahargû*": "verb, Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - killed/slew",
"*bānāyw*": "noun with pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular - his sons",
"*šibʿîm*": "number - seventy",
"*ʾîš*": "masculine noun, singular - man/person",
"*ʾeben*": "feminine noun, singular - stone",
"*ʾeḥāt*": "number, feminine singular - one",
"*tamlikû*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - made king",
"*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun - Abimelech",
"*ben*": "masculine noun, construct state - son of",
"*ʾămātô*": "feminine noun with pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular - his maidservant",
"*baʿălê*": "masculine plural noun, construct state - lords/masters/citizens of",
"*šekem*": "proper noun - Shechem",
"*kî*": "conjunction - because/for/that",
"*ʾăḥîkem*": "masculine noun with pronominal suffix, 2nd person masculine plural - your brother"
},
"variants": {
"*qamtem*": "rose up against/rebelled against/attacked",
"*bêt*": "house/household/family",
"*tahargû*": "killed/slew/murdered",
"*ʾîš*": "man/person/each one",
"*tamlikû*": "made king/enthroned/crowned",
"*ʾămātô*": "his maidservant/slave woman/concubine",
"*baʿălê*": "lords of/citizens of/men of"
}
}
19 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.19",
"source": "וְאִם־בֶּאֱמֶ֨ת וּבְתָמִ֧ים עֲשִׂיתֶ֛ם עִם־יְרֻבַּ֥עַל וְעִם־בֵּית֖וֹ הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה שִׂמְחוּ֙ בַּאֲבִימֶ֔לֶךְ וְיִשְׂמַ֥ח גַּם־ה֖וּא בָּכֶֽם׃",
"text": "And-if in-*ʾemet* and-in-*tāmîm* you-*ʿăśîtem* with-*yĕrubbaʿal* and-with-*bêtô* *hayyôm* *hazzeh*, *śimḥû* in-*ʾăbîmelek* and-*yiśmaḥ* also-he in-you.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾemet*": "feminine noun, singular - truth",
"*tāmîm*": "masculine noun, singular - completeness/integrity",
"*ʿăśîtem*": "verb, Qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you have done/acted",
"*yĕrubbaʿal*": "proper noun - Jerubbaal (Gideon)",
"*bêtô*": "noun with pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular - his house",
"*hayyôm*": "noun with definite article - the day",
"*hazzeh*": "demonstrative pronoun with definite article - this",
"*śimḥû*": "verb, Qal imperative, 2nd person masculine plural - rejoice",
"*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun - Abimelech",
"*yiśmaḥ*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will rejoice",
"*gam*": "particle - also/too/even",
"*hûʾ*": "independent personal pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - he"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾemet*": "truth/faithfulness/reliability",
"*tāmîm*": "integrity/completeness/uprightness/innocence",
"*ʿăśîtem*": "you did/acted/performed/made",
"*śimḥû*": "rejoice/be glad/celebrate",
"*yiśmaḥ*": "he will rejoice/be glad/celebrate"
}
}
20 {
"verseID": "Judges.9.20",
"source": "וְאִם־אַ֕יִן תֵּ֤צֵא אֵשׁ֙ מֵאֲבִימֶ֔לֶךְ וְתֹאכַ֛ל אֶת־בַּעֲלֵ֥י שְׁכֶ֖ם וְאֶת־בֵּ֣ית מִלּ֑וֹא וְתֵצֵ֨א אֵ֜שׁ מִבַּעֲלֵ֤י שְׁכֶם֙ וּמִבֵּ֣ית מִלּ֔וֹא וְתֹאכַ֖ל אֶת־אֲבִימֶֽלֶךְ׃",
"text": "And-if-*ʾayin* *tēṣēʾ* *ʾēš* from-*ʾăbîmelek* and-*tōʾkal* *ʾet*-*baʿălê* *šekem* and-*ʾet*-*bêt* *millôʾ*, and-*tēṣēʾ* *ʾēš* from-*baʿălê* *šekem* and-from-*bêt* *millôʾ* and-*tōʾkal* *ʾet*-*ʾăbîmelek*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾayin*": "adverb of negation - not/no/none",
"*tēṣēʾ*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - will come out/go forth",
"*ʾēš*": "feminine noun, singular - fire",
"*ʾăbîmelek*": "proper noun - Abimelech",
"*tōʾkal*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - will consume/devour",
"*baʿălê*": "masculine plural noun, construct state - lords/masters/citizens of",
"*šekem*": "proper noun - Shechem",
"*bêt*": "noun, construct state - house of",
"*millôʾ*": "proper noun - Millo (a place)",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾayin*": "not/if not/otherwise",
"*tēṣēʾ*": "will come out/go forth/emerge",
"*ʾēš*": "fire/flame",
"*tōʾkal*": "will consume/devour/destroy",
"*baʿălê*": "lords of/citizens of/men of",
"*bêt*": "house of/place of/fortress of"
}
}