19{
"verseID": "Ezekiel.18.19",
"source": "וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֕ם מַדֻּ֛עַ לֹא־נָשָׂ֥א הַבֵּ֖ן בַּעֲוֺ֣ן הָאָ֑ב וְהַבֵּ֞ן מִשְׁפָּ֧ט וּצְדָקָ֣ה עָשָׂ֗ה אֵ֣ת כָּל־חֻקּוֹתַ֥י שָׁמַ֛ר וַיַּעֲשֶׂ֥ה אֹתָ֖ם חָיֹ֥ה יִחְיֶֽה׃",
"text": "*wa-* *ʾămartem* *maddûaʿ* *lōʾ*-*nāśāʾ* *ha-bēn* *ba-* *ʿăwōn* *hā-ʾāb* *wə-* *ha-bēn* *mišpāṭ* *û-* *ṣədāqāh* *ʿāśāh* *ʾēt* *kol*-*ḥuqqôtay* *šāmar* *wa-* *yaʿăśeh* *ʾōtām* *ḥāyōh* *yiḥyeh*",
"grammar": {
"*wa-*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʾămartem*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you have said",
"*maddûaʿ*": "interrogative - why",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*nāśāʾ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has borne",
"*ha-bēn*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the son",
"*ba-*": "preposition with definite article - in the",
"*ʿăwōn*": "masculine singular construct - iniquity of",
"*hā-ʾāb*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the father",
"*wə-*": "conjunction - and",
"*ha-bēn*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the son",
"*mišpāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - justice",
"*û-*": "conjunction - and",
"*ṣədāqāh*": "feminine singular noun - righteousness",
"*ʿāśāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has done",
"*ʾēt*": "direct object marker",
"*kol*": "construct state, masculine singular - all of",
"*ḥuqqôtay*": "feminine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my statutes",
"*šāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has kept",
"*wa-*": "conjunction - and",
"*yaʿăśeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he does/will do",
"*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine plural suffix - them",
"*ḥāyōh*": "Qal infinitive absolute - live",
"*yiḥyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will live"
},
"variants": {
"*nāśāʾ*": "borne/carried/suffered punishment for",
"*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment",
"*mišpāṭ* *û-* *ṣədāqāh*": "justice and righteousness/judgment and right/fairness and equity",
"*ḥāyōh* *yiḥyeh*": "surely live/certainly live (emphatic construction)"
}
}
20{
"verseID": "Ezekiel.18.20",
"source": "הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַחֹטֵ֖את הִ֣יא תָמ֑וּת בֵּ֞ן לֹא־יִשָּׂ֣א ׀ בַּעֲוֺ֣ן הָאָ֗ב וְאָב֙ לֹ֤א יִשָּׂא֙ בַּעֲוֺ֣ן הַבֵּ֔ן צִדְקַ֤ת הַצַּדִּיק֙ עָלָ֣יו תִּֽהְיֶ֔ה וְרִשְׁעַ֥ת *רשע **הָרָשָׁ֖ע עָלָ֥יו תִּֽהְיֶֽה׃",
"text": "*ha-nepeš* *ha-ḥōṭēʾt* *hîʾ* *tāmût* *bēn* *lōʾ*-*yiśśāʾ* *ba-* *ʿăwōn* *hā-ʾāb* *wə-* *ʾāb* *lōʾ* *yiśśāʾ* *ba-* *ʿăwōn* *ha-bēn* *ṣidqat* *ha-ṣaddîq* *ʿālāyw* *tihyeh* *wə-* *rišʿat* *hā-rāšāʿ* *ʿālāyw* *tihyeh*",
"grammar": {
"*ha-nepeš*": "definite article with feminine singular noun - the soul",
"*ha-ḥōṭēʾt*": "definite article with Qal participle feminine singular - the sinning",
"*hîʾ*": "3rd feminine singular pronoun - she/it",
"*tāmût*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - will die",
"*bēn*": "masculine singular noun - son",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*yiśśāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will bear",
"*ba-*": "preposition with definite article - in the",
"*ʿăwōn*": "masculine singular construct - iniquity of",
"*hā-ʾāb*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the father",
"*wə-*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʾāb*": "masculine singular noun - father",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*yiśśāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will bear",
"*ba-*": "preposition with definite article - in the",
"*ʿăwōn*": "masculine singular construct - iniquity of",
"*ha-bēn*": "definite article with masculine singular noun - the son",
"*ṣidqat*": "feminine singular construct - righteousness of",
"*ha-ṣaddîq*": "definite article with adjective masculine singular - the righteous",
"*ʿālāyw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - upon him",
"*tihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - it will be",
"*wə-*": "conjunction - and",
"*rišʿat*": "feminine singular construct - wickedness of",
"*hā-rāšāʿ*": "definite article with adjective masculine singular - the wicked",
"*ʿālāyw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - upon him",
"*tihyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular - it will be"
},
"variants": {
"*nepeš*": "soul/life/person/being",
"*ḥōṭēʾt*": "sinning/erring/missing the mark",
"*yiśśāʾ*": "bear/carry/suffer punishment for",
"*ʿăwōn*": "iniquity/guilt/punishment",
"*ṣidqat*": "righteousness/justice/right actions",
"*rišʿat*": "wickedness/guilt/evil"
}
}
21{
"verseID": "Ezekiel.18.21",
"source": "וְהָרָשָׁ֗ע כִּ֤י יָשׁוּב֙ מִכָּל־*חטאתו **חַטֹּאתָיו֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂ֔ה וְשָׁמַר֙ אֶת־כָּל־חֻקּוֹתַ֔י וְעָשָׂ֥ה מִשְׁפָּ֖ט וּצְדָקָ֑ה חָיֹ֥ה יִחְיֶ֖ה לֹ֥א יָמֽוּת׃",
"text": "*wə-* *hā-rāšāʿ* *kî* *yāšûb* *mi-* *kol*-*ḥaṭṭōʾtāyw* *ʾăšer* *ʿāśāh* *wə-* *šāmar* *ʾet*-*kol*-*ḥuqqôtay* *wə-* *ʿāśāh* *mišpāṭ* *û-* *ṣədāqāh* *ḥāyōh* *yiḥyeh* *lōʾ* *yāmût*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-*": "conjunction - and",
"*hā-rāšāʿ*": "definite article with adjective masculine singular - the wicked",
"*kî*": "conjunction - if, when",
"*yāšûb*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will turn back",
"*mi-*": "preposition - from",
"*kol*": "construct state, masculine singular - all of",
"*ḥaṭṭōʾtāyw*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sins",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which, that",
"*ʿāśāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has done",
"*wə-*": "conjunction - and",
"*šāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has kept",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*kol*": "construct state, masculine singular - all of",
"*ḥuqqôtay*": "feminine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my statutes",
"*wə-*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʿāśāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has done",
"*mišpāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - justice",
"*û-*": "conjunction - and",
"*ṣədāqāh*": "feminine singular noun - righteousness",
"*ḥāyōh*": "Qal infinitive absolute - live",
"*yiḥyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will live",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*yāmût*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will die"
},
"variants": {
"*rāšāʿ*": "wicked/guilty/criminal",
"*yāšûb*": "turn back/repent/return",
"*ḥaṭṭōʾt*": "sins/offenses/transgressions",
"*mišpāṭ* *û-* *ṣədāqāh*": "justice and righteousness/judgment and right/fairness and equity",
"*ḥāyōh* *yiḥyeh*": "surely live/certainly live (emphatic construction)"
}
}
22{
"verseID": "Ezekiel.18.22",
"source": "כָּל־פְּשָׁעָיו֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂ֔ה לֹ֥א יִזָּכְר֖וּ ל֑וֹ בְּצִדְקָת֥וֹ אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֖ה יִֽחְיֶֽה׃",
"text": "*kol*-*pəšāʿāyw* *ʾăšer* *ʿāśāh* *lōʾ* *yizzākərû* *lô* *bə-* *ṣidqātô* *ʾăšer*-*ʿāśāh* *yiḥyeh*",
"grammar": {
"*kol*": "construct state, masculine singular - all of",
"*pəšāʿāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his transgressions",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which, that",
"*ʿāśāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has done",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*yizzākərû*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will be remembered",
"*lô*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him, against him",
"*bə-*": "preposition - in",
"*ṣidqātô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his righteousness",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which, that",
"*ʿāśāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has done",
"*yiḥyeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will live"
},
"variants": {
"*pəšāʿāyw*": "transgressions/rebellions/crimes",
"*yizzākərû*": "will be remembered/recalled/brought to mind",
"*ṣidqātô*": "his righteousness/his just actions/his righteous deeds"
}
}
23{
"verseID": "Ezekiel.18.23",
"source": "הֶחָפֹ֤ץ אֶחְפֹּץ֙ מ֣וֹת רָשָׁ֔ע נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִ֑ה הֲל֛וֹא בְּשׁוּב֥וֹ מִדְּרָכָ֖יו וְחָיָֽה׃",
"text": "*he-* *ḥāpōṣ* *ʾeḥpōṣ* *môt* *rāšāʿ* *nəʾum* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH* *hă-* *lôʾ* *bə-* *šûbô* *mi-* *dərākāyw* *wə-* *ḥāyāh*",
"grammar": {
"*he-*": "interrogative particle - whether",
"*ḥāpōṣ*": "Qal infinitive absolute - desire",
"*ʾeḥpōṣ*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will desire",
"*môt*": "masculine singular construct - death of",
"*rāšāʿ*": "adjective masculine singular - wicked",
"*nəʾum*": "construct state, masculine singular - declaration of",
"*ʾădōnāy*": "divine title - Lord",
"*YHWH*": "divine name",
"*hă-*": "interrogative particle - whether",
"*lôʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*bə-*": "preposition - in",
"*šûbô*": "Qal infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his turning back",
"*mi-*": "preposition - from",
"*dərākāyw*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his ways",
"*wə-*": "conjunction - and",
"*ḥāyāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he lived"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥāpōṣ* *ʾeḥpōṣ*": "greatly desire/surely want (emphatic construction)",
"*nəʾum*": "declaration/oracle/utterance",
"*šûbô*": "his turning back/his repentance/his returning",
"*dərākāyw*": "his ways/his paths/his actions"
}
}
24{
"verseID": "Ezekiel.18.24",
"source": "וּבְשׁ֨וּב צַדִּ֤יק מִצִּדְקָתוֹ֙ וְעָ֣שָׂה עָ֔וֶל כְּכֹ֨ל הַתּוֹעֵב֜וֹת אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֧ה הָרָשָׁ֛ע יַעֲשֶׂ֖ה וָחָ֑י כָּל־*צדקתו **צִדְקֹתָ֤יו אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂה֙ לֹ֣א תִזָּכַ֔רְנָה בְּמַעֲל֧וֹ אֲשֶׁר־מָעַ֛ל וּבְחַטָּאת֥וֹ אֲשֶׁר־חָטָ֖א בָּ֥ם יָמֽוּת׃",
"text": "*û-* *bə-* *šûb* *ṣaddîq* *mi-* *ṣidqātô* *wə-* *ʿāśāh* *ʿāwel* *kə-* *kōl* *ha-tôʿēbôt* *ʾăšer*-*ʿāśāh* *hā-rāšāʿ* *yaʿăśeh* *wā-* *ḥāy* *kol*-*ṣidqōtāyw* *ʾăšer*-*ʿāśāh* *lōʾ* *tizzākarənāh* *bə-* *maʿălô* *ʾăšer*-*māʿal* *û-* *bə-* *ḥaṭṭāʾtô* *ʾăšer*-*ḥāṭāʾ* *bām* *yāmût*",
"grammar": {
"*û-*": "conjunction - and",
"*bə-*": "preposition - in",
"*šûb*": "Qal infinitive construct - turning back",
"*ṣaddîq*": "adjective masculine singular - righteous",
"*mi-*": "preposition - from",
"*ṣidqātô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his righteousness",
"*wə-*": "conjunction - and",
"*ʿāśāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has done",
"*ʿāwel*": "masculine singular noun - injustice",
"*kə-*": "preposition - like, as",
"*kōl*": "construct state, masculine singular - all of",
"*ha-tôʿēbôt*": "definite article with feminine plural noun - the abominations",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which, that",
"*ʿāśāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has done",
"*hā-rāšāʿ*": "definite article with adjective masculine singular - the wicked",
"*yaʿăśeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will do",
"*wā-*": "conjunction - and",
"*ḥāy*": "adjective masculine singular - living",
"*kol*": "construct state, masculine singular - all of",
"*ṣidqōtāyw*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his righteous deeds",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which, that",
"*ʿāśāh*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has done",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not",
"*tizzākarənāh*": "Niphal imperfect 3rd feminine plural - they will be remembered",
"*bə-*": "preposition - in",
"*maʿălô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his treachery",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which, that",
"*māʿal*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has committed",
"*û-*": "conjunction - and",
"*bə-*": "preposition - in",
"*ḥaṭṭāʾtô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sin",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which, that",
"*ḥāṭāʾ*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he has sinned",
"*bām*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - in them",
"*yāmût*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he will die"
},
"variants": {
"*ṣaddîq*": "righteous/just/innocent",
"*ʿāwel*": "injustice/unrighteousness/wrong",
"*tôʿēbôt*": "abominations/detestable things/abhorrent practices",
"*ṣidqōtāyw*": "his righteous deeds/his just actions/his acts of righteousness",
"*maʿălô*": "his treachery/his unfaithfulness/his trespass",
"*ḥaṭṭāʾtô*": "his sin/his offense/his transgression"
}
}