2 {
"verseID": "Genesis.14.2",
"source": "עָשׂ֣וּ מִלְחָמָ֗ה אֶת־בֶּ֙רַע֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ סְדֹ֔ם וְאֶת־בִּרְשַׁ֖ע מֶ֣לֶךְ עֲמֹרָ֑ה שִׁנְאָ֣ב ׀ מֶ֣לֶךְ אַדְמָ֗ה וְשֶׁמְאֵ֙בֶר֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ צְבוֹיִ֔ים וּמֶ֥לֶךְ בֶּ֖לַע הִיא־צֹֽעַר׃",
"text": "*ʿāśû milḥāmāh* *ʾeṯ*-*beraʿ* *melek* *səḏōm* *wə-ʾeṯ*-*biršaʿ* *melek* *ʿămōrāh* *šinʾāḇ* *melek* *ʾaḏmāh* *wə-šemʾēḇer* *melek* *ṣəḇôyîm* *û-melek* *belaʿ* *hîʾ*-*ṣōʿar*",
"grammar": {
"*ʿāśû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they made/did",
"*milḥāmāh*": "common noun, feminine singular - war/battle",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*beraʿ*": "proper noun, king's name",
"*melek*": "construct state noun, masculine singular - king of",
"*səḏōm*": "proper noun, place name (Sodom)",
"*wə-ʾeṯ*": "conjunction + direct object marker",
"*biršaʿ*": "proper noun, king's name",
"*ʿămōrāh*": "proper noun, place name (Gomorrah)",
"*šinʾāḇ*": "proper noun, king's name",
"*ʾaḏmāh*": "proper noun, place name (Admah)",
"*wə-šemʾēḇer*": "conjunction + proper noun, king's name",
"*ṣəḇôyîm*": "proper noun, place name (Zeboiim)",
"*û-melek*": "conjunction + construct state noun - and king of",
"*belaʿ*": "proper noun, place name (Bela)",
"*hîʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd feminine singular - it/she",
"*ṣōʿar*": "proper noun, place name (Zoar)"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿāśû milḥāmāh*": "made war/waged battle/fought"
}
}
3 {
"verseID": "Genesis.14.3",
"source": "כָּל־אֵ֙לֶּה֙ חָֽבְר֔וּ אֶל־עֵ֖מֶק הַשִּׂדִּ֑ים ה֖וּא יָ֥ם הַמֶּֽלַח׃",
"text": "*kol*-*ʾēlleh* *ḥāḇərû* *ʾel*-*ʿēmeq* *haś-śiddîm* *hûʾ* *yām* *ham-melaḥ*",
"grammar": {
"*kol*": "construct state, totality - all of",
"*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these",
"*ḥāḇərû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - joined/allied together",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to/toward",
"*ʿēmeq*": "common noun, masculine singular, construct - valley of",
"*haś-śiddîm*": "definite article + common noun - the Siddim",
"*hûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - it/he",
"*yām*": "common noun, masculine singular, construct - sea of",
"*ham-melaḥ*": "definite article + common noun - the salt"
},
"variants": {
"*ḥāḇərû*": "joined/allied together/united/assembled",
"*ʿēmeq haś-śiddîm*": "Valley of Siddim/Vale of fields",
"*yām ham-melaḥ*": "Salt Sea/Dead Sea"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "Genesis.14.4",
"source": "שְׁתֵּ֤ים עֶשְׂרֵה֙ שָׁנָ֔ה עָבְד֖וּ אֶת־כְּדָרְלָעֹ֑מֶר וּשְׁלֹשׁ־עֶשְׂרֵ֥ה שָׁנָ֖ה מָרָֽדוּ׃",
"text": "*šətêm ʿeśrēh* *šānāh* *ʿāḇəḏû* *ʾeṯ*-*kəḏārlāʿōmer* *û-šəlōš*-*ʿeśrēh* *šānāh* *mārāḏû*",
"grammar": {
"*šətêm ʿeśrēh*": "numeral, feminine - twelve",
"*šānāh*": "common noun, feminine singular - year",
"*ʿāḇəḏû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they served",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*kəḏārlāʿōmer*": "proper noun, king's name",
"*û-šəlōš*-*ʿeśrēh*": "conjunction + numeral, feminine - and thirteen",
"*mārāḏû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they rebelled"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿāḇəḏû*": "served/were subject to",
"*mārāḏû*": "rebelled/revolted against"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "Genesis.14.5",
"source": "וּבְאַרְבַּע֩ עֶשְׂרֵ֨ה שָׁנָ֜ה בָּ֣א כְדָרְלָעֹ֗מֶר וְהַמְּלָכִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִתּ֔וֹ וַיַּכּ֤וּ אֶת־רְפָאִים֙ בְּעַשְׁתְּרֹ֣ת קַרְנַ֔יִם וְאֶת־הַזּוּזִ֖ים בְּהָ֑ם וְאֵת֙ הֽ͏ָאֵימִ֔ים בְּשָׁוֵ֖ה קִרְיָתָֽיִם׃",
"text": "*û-ḇə-ʾarbaʿ* *ʿeśrēh* *šānāh* *bāʾ* *ḵəḏārlāʿōmer* *wə-ham-məlāḵîm* *ʾăšer* *ʾittô* *way-yakkû* *ʾeṯ*-*rəp̄āʾîm* *bə-ʿaštərōṯ* *qarnayim* *wə-ʾeṯ*-*haz-zûzîm* *bə-hām* *wə-ʾēṯ* *hā-ʾêmîm* *bə-šāwēh* *qiryāṯāyim*",
"grammar": {
"*û-ḇə-ʾarbaʿ*": "conjunction + preposition + numeral - and in fourteen",
"*ʿeśrēh*": "numeral, feminine - ten",
"*šānāh*": "common noun, feminine singular - year",
"*bāʾ*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - came",
"*ḵəḏārlāʿōmer*": "proper noun, king's name",
"*wə-ham-məlāḵîm*": "conjunction + definite article + common noun, masculine plural - and the kings",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that",
"*ʾittô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - with him",
"*way-yakkû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they struck/defeated",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*rəp̄āʾîm*": "proper noun, people group (Rephaim)",
"*bə-ʿaštərōṯ*": "preposition + proper noun, place name - in Ashteroth",
"*qarnayim*": "proper noun, place name (Karnaim)",
"*wə-ʾeṯ*": "conjunction + direct object marker",
"*haz-zûzîm*": "definite article + proper noun, people group (Zuzim)",
"*bə-hām*": "preposition + proper noun, place name (Ham)",
"*hā-ʾêmîm*": "definite article + proper noun, people group (Emim)",
"*bə-šāwēh*": "preposition + proper noun, place name - in Shaveh",
"*qiryāṯāyim*": "proper noun, place name (Kiriathaim)"
},
"variants": {
"*way-yakkû*": "struck/defeated/smote"
}
}
6 {
"verseID": "Genesis.14.6",
"source": "וְאֶת־הַחֹרִ֖י בְּהַרְרָ֣ם שֵׂעִ֑יר עַ֚ד אֵ֣יל פָּארָ֔ן אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־הַמִּדְבָּֽר׃",
"text": "*wə-ʾeṯ*-*ha-ḥōrî* *bə-harrām* *śēʿîr* *ʿaḏ* *ʾêl* *pārān* *ʾăšer* *ʿal*-*ham-miḏbār*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-ʾeṯ*": "conjunction + direct object marker",
"*ha-ḥōrî*": "definite article + proper noun, people group (Horites)",
"*bə-harrām*": "preposition + common noun with possessive suffix - in their mountain",
"*śēʿîr*": "proper noun, place name (Seir)",
"*ʿaḏ*": "preposition - until/as far as",
"*ʾêl*": "proper noun, place name (El)",
"*pārān*": "proper noun, place name (Paran)",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which",
"*ʿal*": "preposition - on/beside",
"*ham-miḏbār*": "definite article + common noun - the wilderness"
},
"variants": {
"*bə-harrām*": "in their mountain(s)/in the hill country of",
"*ʾêl pārān*": "El-paran/terebinth of Paran"
}
}
7 {
"verseID": "Genesis.14.7",
"source": "וַ֠יָּשֻׁבוּ וַיָּבֹ֜אוּ אֶל־עֵ֤ין מִשְׁפָּט֙ הִ֣וא קָדֵ֔שׁ וַיַּכּ֕וּ אֶֽת־כָּל־שְׂדֵ֖ה הָעֲמָלֵקִ֑י וְגַם֙ אֶת־הָ֣אֱמֹרִ֔י הַיֹּשֵׁ֖ב בְּחַֽצְצֹ֥ן תָּמָֽר׃",
"text": "*way-yāšuḇû* *way-yāḇōʾû* *ʾel*-*ʿên* *mišpāṭ* *hîʾ* *qāḏēš* *way-yakkû* *ʾeṯ*-*kol*-*śəḏēh* *hā-ʿămālēqî* *wə-ḡam* *ʾeṯ*-*hā-ʾĕmōrî* *hay-yōšēḇ* *bə-ḥaṣṣōn* *tāmār*",
"grammar": {
"*way-yāšuḇû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they returned",
"*way-yāḇōʾû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they came",
"*ʾel*": "preposition - to",
"*ʿên*": "construct state - spring/fountain of",
"*mišpāṭ*": "common noun, masculine singular - judgment",
"*hîʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd feminine singular - it/she",
"*qāḏēš*": "proper noun, place name (Kadesh)",
"*way-yakkû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they struck/defeated",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*kol*": "construct state - all of",
"*śəḏēh*": "construct state - country/territory of",
"*hā-ʿămālēqî*": "definite article + gentilic adjective - the Amalekite",
"*wə-ḡam*": "conjunction + adverb - and also",
"*hā-ʾĕmōrî*": "definite article + gentilic noun - the Amorite",
"*hay-yōšēḇ*": "definite article + participle, masculine singular - the one dwelling",
"*bə-ḥaṣṣōn*": "preposition + proper noun - in Hazazon",
"*tāmār*": "proper noun, place name (Tamar)"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿên mišpāṭ*": "spring of judgment/En Mishpat",
"*way-yakkû*": "struck/defeated/smote",
"*hay-yōšēḇ*": "the one dwelling/inhabiting/sitting",
"*bə-ḥaṣṣōn tāmār*": "in Hazazon-tamar/Hazezon-tamar (later known as En Gedi)"
}
}
8 {
"verseID": "Genesis.14.8",
"source": "וַיֵּצֵ֨א מֶֽלֶךְ־סְדֹ֜ם וּמֶ֣לֶךְ עֲמֹרָ֗ה וּמֶ֤לֶךְ אַדְמָה֙ וּמֶ֣לֶךְ צְבוֹיִ֔ם וּמֶ֥לֶךְ בֶּ֖לַע הִוא־צֹ֑עַר וַיַּֽעַרְכ֤וּ אִתָּם֙ מִלְחָמָ֔ה בְּעֵ֖מֶק הַשִּׂדִּֽים׃",
"text": "*way-yēṣēʾ* *melek*-*səḏōm* *û-melek* *ʿămōrāh* *û-melek* *ʾaḏmāh* *û-melek* *ṣəḇôyîm* *û-melek* *belaʿ* *hîʾ*-*ṣōʿar* *way-yaʿarḵû* *ʾittām* *milḥāmāh* *bə-ʿēmeq* *haś-śiddîm*",
"grammar": {
"*way-yēṣēʾ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and went out",
"*melek*": "construct state noun, masculine singular - king of",
"*səḏōm*": "proper noun, place name (Sodom)",
"*û-melek*": "conjunction + construct state noun - and king of",
"*ʿămōrāh*": "proper noun, place name (Gomorrah)",
"*ʾaḏmāh*": "proper noun, place name (Admah)",
"*ṣəḇôyîm*": "proper noun, place name (Zeboiim)",
"*belaʿ*": "proper noun, place name (Bela)",
"*hîʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd feminine singular - it/she",
"*ṣōʿar*": "proper noun, place name (Zoar)",
"*way-yaʿarḵû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they arranged/set in order",
"*ʾittām*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - with them",
"*milḥāmāh*": "common noun, feminine singular - battle/war",
"*bə-ʿēmeq*": "preposition + common noun, masculine singular, construct - in valley of",
"*haś-śiddîm*": "definite article + proper noun - the Siddim"
},
"variants": {
"*way-yēṣēʾ*": "went out/came forth",
"*way-yaʿarḵû* *ʾittām* *milḥāmāh*": "set battle array against them/prepared for battle with them"
}
}
9 {
"verseID": "Genesis.14.9",
"source": "אֵ֣ת כְּדָרְלָעֹ֜מֶר מֶ֣לֶךְ עֵילָ֗ם וְתִדְעָל֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ גּוֹיִ֔ם וְאַמְרָפֶל֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ שִׁנְעָ֔ר וְאַרְי֖וֹךְ מֶ֣לֶךְ אֶלָּסָ֑ר אַרְבָּעָ֥ה מְלָכִ֖ים אֶת־הַחֲמִשָּֽׁה׃",
"text": "*ʾēṯ* *kəḏārlāʿōmer* *melek* *ʿêlām* *wə-ṯiḏʿāl* *melek* *gôyim* *wə-ʾamrāp̄el* *melek* *šinʿār* *wə-ʾaryôḵ* *melek* *ʾellāsār* *ʾarbāʿāh* *məlāḵîm* *ʾeṯ*-*ha-ḥămiššāh*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*kəḏārlāʿōmer*": "proper noun, king's name",
"*melek*": "construct state noun, masculine singular - king of",
"*ʿêlām*": "proper noun, place name (Elam)",
"*wə-ṯiḏʿāl*": "conjunction + proper noun, king's name",
"*gôyim*": "common noun, masculine plural - nations/gentiles",
"*wə-ʾamrāp̄el*": "conjunction + proper noun, king's name",
"*šinʿār*": "proper noun, place name (Shinar/Babylon)",
"*wə-ʾaryôḵ*": "conjunction + proper noun, king's name",
"*ʾellāsār*": "proper noun, place name",
"*ʾarbāʿāh*": "numeral, masculine - four",
"*məlāḵîm*": "common noun, masculine plural - kings",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*ha-ḥămiššāh*": "definite article + numeral, masculine - the five"
},
"variants": {
"*gôyim*": "nations/gentiles/peoples",
"*šinʿār*": "Shinar/Babylon/Sumer"
}
}
10 {
"verseID": "Genesis.14.10",
"source": "וְעֵ֣מֶק הַשִׂדִּ֗ים בּֽ͏ֶאֱרֹ֤ת בֶּאֱרֹת֙ חֵמָ֔ר וַיָּנֻ֛סוּ מֶֽלֶךְ־סְדֹ֥ם וַעֲמֹרָ֖ה וַיִּפְּלוּ־שָׁ֑מָּה וְהַנִּשְׁאָרִ֖ים הֶ֥רָה נָּֽסוּ׃",
"text": "*wə-ʿēmeq* *haś-śiddîm* *beʾĕrōṯ* *beʾĕrōṯ* *ḥēmār* *way-yānusû* *melek*-*səḏōm* *wa-ʿămōrāh* *way-yippəlû*-*šāmmāh* *wə-han-nišʾārîm* *herāh* *nāsû*",
"grammar": {
"*wə-ʿēmeq*": "conjunction + common noun, masculine singular, construct - and valley of",
"*haś-śiddîm*": "definite article + proper noun - the Siddim",
"*beʾĕrōṯ*": "common noun, feminine plural, repeated for emphasis - pits/wells",
"*ḥēmār*": "common noun, masculine singular - bitumen/asphalt/tar",
"*way-yānusû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they fled",
"*melek*": "construct state noun, masculine singular - king of",
"*səḏōm*": "proper noun, place name (Sodom)",
"*wa-ʿămōrāh*": "conjunction + proper noun, place name (Gomorrah)",
"*way-yippəlû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they fell",
"*šāmmāh*": "adverb - there/therein",
"*wə-han-nišʾārîm*": "conjunction + definite article + niphal participle, masculine plural - and the remaining ones",
"*herāh*": "common noun with directional suffix - to the mountain/hill",
"*nāsû*": "perfect, 3rd plural - they fled"
},
"variants": {
"*beʾĕrōṯ* *beʾĕrōṯ*": "pits upon pits/many wells/full of pits",
"*ḥēmār*": "bitumen/asphalt/slime/tar",
"*way-yippəlû*-*šāmmāh*": "fell there/fell into them",
"*herāh*": "to the mountain/mountains/hill country"
}
}