4{
"verseID": "Isaiah.18.4",
"source": "כִּי כֹה אָמַר יְהוָה אֵלַי אֶשְׁקֳטָה וְאַבִּיטָה בִמְכוֹנִי כְּחֹם צַח עֲלֵי־אוֹר כְּעָב טַל בְּחֹם קָצִיר",
"text": "For thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* to-me *ʾešqŏṭāh* and-*ʾabbîṭāh* in-*məkônî* like-*ḥōm* *ṣaḥ* upon-*ʾôr* like-*ʿāb* *ṭal* in-*ḥōm* *qāṣîr*",
"grammar": {
"*ʾāmar*": "verb, perfect, 3rd masculine, singular - said/spoke",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh",
"*ʾešqŏṭāh*": "verb, cohortative, 1st singular - I will be quiet/rest",
"*ʾabbîṭāh*": "verb, cohortative, 1st singular - I will look/regard",
"*məkônî*": "noun, masculine, singular with 1st singular suffix - my dwelling place",
"*ḥōm*": "noun, masculine, singular - heat",
"*ṣaḥ*": "adjective, masculine, singular - clear/dazzling",
"*ʾôr*": "noun, masculine, singular - light",
"*ʿāb*": "noun, masculine, singular - cloud",
"*ṭal*": "noun, masculine, singular - dew",
"*qāṣîr*": "noun, masculine, singular - harvest"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾešqŏṭāh*": "I will be quiet/I will rest/I will remain still",
"*ʾabbîṭāh*": "I will look/I will regard/I will consider",
"*məkônî*": "my dwelling place/my habitation/my established place",
"*ṣaḥ*": "clear/dazzling/glowing",
"*ʿāb*": "cloud/thick darkness",
"*ṭal*": "dew/light rain"
}
}
5{
"verseID": "Isaiah.18.5",
"source": "כִּי־לִפְנֵי קָצִיר כְּתָם־פֶּרַח וּבֹסֶר גֹּמֵל יִהְיֶה נִצָּה וְכָרַת הַזַּלְזַלִּים בַּמַּזְמֵרוֹת וְאֶת־הַנְּטִישׁוֹת הֵסִיר הֵתַז",
"text": "For-before *qāṣîr* when-*tām*-*peraḥ* and-*bōser* *gōmēl* *yihyeh* *niṣṣāh* and-*kārat* the-*zalzallîm* with-the-*mazmərrôt* and-*ʾet*-the-*nəṭîšôt* *hēsîr* *hētaz*",
"grammar": {
"*qāṣîr*": "noun, masculine, singular - harvest",
"*tām*": "verb, infinitive construct - completing/perfecting",
"*peraḥ*": "noun, masculine, singular - blossom/flower",
"*bōser*": "noun, masculine, singular - unripe/sour grape",
"*gōmēl*": "verb, participle, masculine, singular - ripening/becoming",
"*yihyeh*": "verb, imperfect, 3rd masculine, singular - he/it will be",
"*niṣṣāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - blossom/flower",
"*kārat*": "verb, perfect, 3rd masculine, singular - he cut off",
"*zalzallîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - shoots/branches",
"*mazmərrôt*": "noun, feminine, plural - pruning hooks/knives",
"*nəṭîšôt*": "noun, feminine, plural - tendrils/branches",
"*hēsîr*": "verb, perfect, 3rd masculine, singular - he removed/took away",
"*hētaz*": "verb, perfect, 3rd masculine, singular - he cut off/severed"
},
"variants": {
"*tām*": "completion/perfection/ending",
"*peraḥ*": "blossom/flower/bloom",
"*bōser*": "unripe grape/sour grape",
"*gōmēl*": "ripening/becoming/developing",
"*niṣṣāh*": "blossom/flower/sprout",
"*zalzallîm*": "shoots/branches/tendrils",
"*mazmərrôt*": "pruning hooks/pruning knives",
"*nəṭîšôt*": "tendrils/branches/shoots",
"*hēsîr*": "removed/took away/turned aside",
"*hētaz*": "cut off/severed/cut down"
}
}
6{
"verseID": "Isaiah.18.6",
"source": "יֵעָזְבוּ יַחְדָּו לְעֵיט הָרִים וּלְבֶהֱמַת הָאָרֶץ וְקָץ עָלָיו הָעַיִט וְכָל־בֶּהֱמַת הָאָרֶץ עָלָיו תֶּחֱרָף",
"text": "*Yēʿāzəbû* *yaḥdāw* to-*ʿêyṭ* the-*hārîm* and-to-*behemat* the-*hāʾāreṣ* and-*qāṣ* upon-him the-*hāʿayiṭ* and-all-*behemat* the-*hāʾāreṣ* upon-him *teḥĕrāp*",
"grammar": {
"*Yēʿāzəbû*": "verb, niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine, plural - they will be left/abandoned",
"*yaḥdāw*": "adverb - together/alike",
"*ʿêyṭ*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - bird of prey",
"*hārîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - mountains",
"*behemat*": "noun, feminine, singular construct - beast of",
"*hāʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular with definite article - the earth/land",
"*qāṣ*": "verb, perfect, 3rd masculine, singular - he/it summers/spends summer",
"*hāʿayiṭ*": "noun, masculine, singular with definite article - the bird of prey",
"*teḥĕrāp*": "verb, imperfect, 3rd feminine, singular - she/it will winter"
},
"variants": {
"*Yēʿāzəbû*": "they will be left/abandoned/forsaken",
"*ʿêyṭ*": "bird of prey/vulture/eagle",
"*qāṣ*": "to summer/spend the summer season upon",
"*teḥĕrāp*": "will winter/will spend the cold season/will overwinter"
}
}
7{
"verseID": "Isaiah.18.7",
"source": "בָּעֵת הַהִיא יוּבַל־שַׁי לַיהוָה צְבָאוֹת עַם מְמֻשָּׁךְ וּמוֹרָט וּמֵעַם נוֹרָא מִן־הוּא וָהָלְאָה גּוֹי ׀ קַו־קָו וּמְבוּסָה אֲשֶׁר בָּזְאוּ נְהָרִים אַרְצוֹ אֶל־מְקוֹם שֵׁם־יְהוָה צְבָאוֹת הַר־צִיּוֹן",
"text": "In-the-*ʿēt* the-*hahîʾ* *yûbal*-*šay* to-*YHWH* *ṣəbāʾôt* *ʿam* *məmuššāk* and-*môrāṭ* and-from-*ʿam* *nôrāʾ* from-him and-*hālʾāh* *gôy* *qaw*-*qāw* and-*məbûsāh* which *bāzʾû* *nəhārîm* its-*ʾarṣô* to-*məqôm* *šēm*-*YHWH* *ṣəbāʾôt* *har*-*ṣîyyôn*",
"grammar": {
"*ʿēt*": "noun, feminine, singular - time/period",
"*hahîʾ*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine, singular - that",
"*yûbal*": "verb, hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine, singular - will be brought",
"*šay*": "noun, masculine, singular - gift/present/tribute",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh",
"*ṣəbāʾôt*": "noun, feminine, plural construct - of hosts/armies",
"*ʿam*": "noun, masculine, singular - people/nation",
"*məmuššāk*": "verb, pual participle, masculine, singular - drawn out/tall",
"*môrāṭ*": "verb, pual participle, masculine, singular - polished/peeled",
"*nôrāʾ*": "verb, niphal participle, masculine, singular - feared/terrible",
"*hālʾāh*": "adverb - beyond/farther",
"*gôy*": "noun, masculine, singular - nation/people",
"*qaw*-*qāw*": "noun duplication - line-line/measured-measured",
"*məbûsāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - trampling/downtreading",
"*bāzʾû*": "verb, perfect, 3rd plural - have divided/cut through",
"*nəhārîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - rivers",
"*ʾarṣô*": "noun, feminine, singular with 3ms suffix - his/its land",
"*məqôm*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - place of",
"*šēm*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - name of",
"*har*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - mountain of",
"*ṣîyyôn*": "proper noun - Zion"
},
"variants": {
"*šay*": "gift/present/tribute",
"*ṣəbāʾôt*": "hosts/armies/multitudes",
"*məmuššāk*": "tall/drawn out/stretched",
"*môrāṭ*": "polished/smooth/having hair plucked out",
"*nôrāʾ*": "feared/terrible/dreadful",
"*qaw*-*qāw*": "line upon line/constantly measured/divided by line",
"*məbûsāh*": "trampled down/downtrodden",
"*bāzʾû*": "divided/cut through/plundered"
}
}