1 {
"verseID": "Psalms.23.1",
"source": "מִזְמ֥וֹר לְדָוִ֑ד יְהוָ֥ה רֹ֝עִ֗י לֹ֣א אֶחְסָֽר׃",
"text": "*Mizmôr* to *Dāwid*; *YHWH* *rō'î*, not *'eḥsār*.",
"grammar": {
"*Mizmôr*": "noun, masculine, singular construct - psalm/song",
"*leDāwid*": "preposition + proper noun - to/for/by David",
"*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name",
"*rō'î*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my shepherd",
"*lō'*": "negative particle - not",
"*'eḥsār*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will lack/be in want"
},
"variants": {
"*Mizmôr*": "psalm/melody/song",
"*leDāwid*": "for David/by David/belonging to David",
"*rō'î*": "my shepherd/one who tends me/my guardian",
"*'eḥsār*": "I will lack/I will be in want/I will be deficient"
}
}
2 {
"verseID": "Psalms.23.2",
"source": "בִּנְא֣וֹת דֶּ֭שֶׁא יַרְבִּיצֵ֑נִי עַל־מֵ֖י מְנֻח֣וֹת יְנַהֲלֵֽנִי׃",
"text": "In *ne'ôt deše'* he *yarbiṣēnî*; upon *mê menûḥôt* he *yenahalēnî*.",
"grammar": {
"*bine'ôt*": "preposition + noun, feminine, plural construct - in pastures/meadows of",
"*deše'*": "noun, masculine, singular - tender grass/vegetation",
"*yarbiṣēnî*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - he causes me to lie down/rest",
"*'al-mê*": "preposition + noun, masculine, plural construct - upon/beside waters of",
"*menûḥôt*": "noun, feminine, plural - rest/quietness",
"*yenahalēnî*": "verb, Piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - he leads/guides me"
},
"variants": {
"*ne'ôt*": "pastures/meadows/dwelling places",
"*deše'*": "tender grass/green vegetation/pasturage",
"*yarbiṣēnî*": "he makes me lie down/he causes me to rest/he lets me recline",
"*mê menûḥôt*": "waters of rest/quiet waters/refreshing waters",
"*yenahalēnî*": "he leads me/he guides me/he conducts me gently"
}
}
3 {
"verseID": "Psalms.23.3",
"source": "נַפְשִׁ֥י יְשׁוֹבֵ֑ב יַֽנְחֵ֥נִי בְמַעְגְּלֵי־צֶ֝֗דֶק לְמַ֣עַן שְׁמֽוֹ׃",
"text": "*Napšî yešôbēb*; *yanḥēnî* in *ma'gelê-ṣedeq* for sake of *šemô*.",
"grammar": {
"*napšî*": "noun, feminine, singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my soul/life",
"*yešôbēb*": "verb, Polel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he restores/refreshes",
"*yanḥēnî*": "verb, Hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - he leads/guides me",
"*bema'gelê*": "preposition + noun, masculine, plural construct - in paths/tracks of",
"*ṣedeq*": "noun, masculine, singular - righteousness/justice",
"*lema'an*": "preposition, for the sake of/because of",
"*šemô*": "noun, masculine, singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his name"
},
"variants": {
"*napšî*": "my soul/my life/my inner being",
"*yešôbēb*": "he restores/he refreshes/he revives/he brings back",
"*yanḥēnî*": "he leads me/he guides me/he directs me",
"*ma'gelê-ṣedeq*": "paths of righteousness/right tracks/just ways",
"*lema'an šemô*": "for his name's sake/because of his reputation/for the sake of his character"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "Psalms.23.4",
"source": "גַּ֤ם כִּֽי־אֵלֵ֨ךְ בְּגֵ֪יא צַלְמָ֡וֶת לֹא־אִ֘ירָ֤א רָ֗ע כִּי־אַתָּ֥ה עִמָּדִ֑י שִׁבְטְךָ֥ וּ֝מִשְׁעַנְתֶּ֗ךָ הֵ֣מָּה יְנַֽחֲמֻֽנִי׃",
"text": "*Gam kî-'ēlēk begê' ṣalmāwet lō'-'îrā' rā' kî-'attāh 'immādî*; *šibṭekā ûmiš'antekā hēmmāh yenaḥamunî*.",
"grammar": {
"*gam*": "adverb - also/even",
"*kî*": "conjunction - when/though/if",
"*'ēlēk*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I walk/go",
"*begê'*": "preposition + noun, masculine, singular construct - in valley of",
"*ṣalmāwet*": "noun, masculine, singular - deep darkness/shadow of death",
"*lō'-'îrā'*": "negative particle + verb, Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will not fear",
"*rā'*": "noun, masculine, singular - evil/harm",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*'attāh*": "pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular - you",
"*'immādî*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - with me",
"*šibṭekā*": "noun, masculine, singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your rod/staff",
"*ûmiš'antekā*": "conjunction + noun, feminine, singular with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and your staff/support",
"*hēmmāh*": "pronoun, 3rd person masculine plural - they",
"*yenaḥamunî*": "verb, Piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - they comfort/console me"
},
"variants": {
"*gê' ṣalmāwet*": "valley of deep shadow/valley of the shadow of death/dark valley",
"*'îrā'*": "I will fear/I will be afraid",
"*rā'*": "evil/harm/misfortune/disaster",
"*šibṭekā*": "your rod/your staff/your scepter",
"*miš'antekā*": "your staff/your support/your walking stick",
"*yenaḥamunî*": "they comfort me/they console me/they give me courage"
}
}